为探究12种必需矿质元素(包括N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo)对铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)生长及生理指标的影响,以铁皮石斛3个月组培苗为材料,以MS培养基为基础设置全营养对照(CK)、单一缺素处理和...为探究12种必需矿质元素(包括N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo)对铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)生长及生理指标的影响,以铁皮石斛3个月组培苗为材料,以MS培养基为基础设置全营养对照(CK)、单一缺素处理和缺素恢复处理,分析各处理条件下铁皮石斛的表型特征和生理变化。结果显示:缺N、P、Ca、Cu、Zn处理组铁皮石斛组培苗缺素症状明显,整株的生长状态及叶片和假鳞茎的解剖结构均受到影响;除Zn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理后症状均得到明显改善。缺N、K、Ca、S、Zn处理组假鳞茎长及缺N、Ca处理组的叶片数受抑制明显。除P外,其他元素缺素处理组叶片叶绿素含量明显降低,多数缺素恢复处理组叶片叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量较缺素处理组极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)升高;缺Fe处理组的叶绿素a含量与叶绿素b含量的比值明显降低,恢复处理后接近于CK。除Fe外,其他微量元素缺素处理对叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性抑制明显,而缺大量元素处理组的SOD活性均不同程度升高;缺P处理组的过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显降低,而缺N、Mg、S、Mn、Zn、Cu处理组的POD活性明显升高,除Mn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理组的POD活性均升高。缺N、P可大幅提高叶片可溶性糖含量,缺N、Mn、Cu可大幅提高叶片可溶性蛋白质含量。缺N、Cu处理组假鳞茎多糖含量大幅高于CK,Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理组假鳞茎多糖含量较缺素处理组极显著升高;缺Mg处理组假鳞茎总黄酮含量大幅高于CK。综上,在保证铁皮石斛正常生长的前提下,可通过Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎多糖含量,通过适量缺Mg处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎总黄酮含量。展开更多
An efficient procedure is outlined for rapid and mass propagation through in vitro culture of pseudobulbs collected in different seasons of an endangered orchid, Changnienia amoena Chien. Axillary buds formed on intac...An efficient procedure is outlined for rapid and mass propagation through in vitro culture of pseudobulbs collected in different seasons of an endangered orchid, Changnienia amoena Chien. Axillary buds formed on intact pseudobulbs (collected in April) after a 12-week incubation on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 N6-benzyl- adenine (6-BA), 0.5 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 100 ml L-1 coconut water and 0.8 g L-1 polyvinylpyrrolidone; no buds were observed on segmentalized pseudobulbs incubated on the same medium. The axillary buds obtained from pseudobulbs growing in the natural habitat in June were detached and incubated for 7 weeks on the same medium leading to 1.4 shoot buds per explant. With repeated subculturing of the shoots on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 6-BA and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, a mean of 3.3 shoot buds per explant were observed on successive shoot cultures. A mean of 4.5 roots per shoot were induced on the optimal root induction medium with 1/2 MS medium plus 1.0 mg L-1 NAA and 0.1 mg L-1 6-BA and the highest rooting per centage was 88.9%. Plantlets 4-5 cm in height were transplanted into pots containing a 1:1 humus and sand mixture and grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse before being transferred to the field. The survival rate of these transplants was about 75% after two months of growth in the wild.展开更多
文摘为探究12种必需矿质元素(包括N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo)对铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo)生长及生理指标的影响,以铁皮石斛3个月组培苗为材料,以MS培养基为基础设置全营养对照(CK)、单一缺素处理和缺素恢复处理,分析各处理条件下铁皮石斛的表型特征和生理变化。结果显示:缺N、P、Ca、Cu、Zn处理组铁皮石斛组培苗缺素症状明显,整株的生长状态及叶片和假鳞茎的解剖结构均受到影响;除Zn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理后症状均得到明显改善。缺N、K、Ca、S、Zn处理组假鳞茎长及缺N、Ca处理组的叶片数受抑制明显。除P外,其他元素缺素处理组叶片叶绿素含量明显降低,多数缺素恢复处理组叶片叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量较缺素处理组极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)升高;缺Fe处理组的叶绿素a含量与叶绿素b含量的比值明显降低,恢复处理后接近于CK。除Fe外,其他微量元素缺素处理对叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性抑制明显,而缺大量元素处理组的SOD活性均不同程度升高;缺P处理组的过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显降低,而缺N、Mg、S、Mn、Zn、Cu处理组的POD活性明显升高,除Mn外,其他元素缺素恢复处理组的POD活性均升高。缺N、P可大幅提高叶片可溶性糖含量,缺N、Mn、Cu可大幅提高叶片可溶性蛋白质含量。缺N、Cu处理组假鳞茎多糖含量大幅高于CK,Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理组假鳞茎多糖含量较缺素处理组极显著升高;缺Mg处理组假鳞茎总黄酮含量大幅高于CK。综上,在保证铁皮石斛正常生长的前提下,可通过Ca、Mo缺素恢复处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎多糖含量,通过适量缺Mg处理来提高铁皮石斛假鳞茎总黄酮含量。
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Y507195)the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Sup-porting Programs Funded by Ministry of Science & Technology of China (2008BAC39B05)
文摘An efficient procedure is outlined for rapid and mass propagation through in vitro culture of pseudobulbs collected in different seasons of an endangered orchid, Changnienia amoena Chien. Axillary buds formed on intact pseudobulbs (collected in April) after a 12-week incubation on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (1/2 MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 N6-benzyl- adenine (6-BA), 0.5 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 100 ml L-1 coconut water and 0.8 g L-1 polyvinylpyrrolidone; no buds were observed on segmentalized pseudobulbs incubated on the same medium. The axillary buds obtained from pseudobulbs growing in the natural habitat in June were detached and incubated for 7 weeks on the same medium leading to 1.4 shoot buds per explant. With repeated subculturing of the shoots on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 6-BA and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, a mean of 3.3 shoot buds per explant were observed on successive shoot cultures. A mean of 4.5 roots per shoot were induced on the optimal root induction medium with 1/2 MS medium plus 1.0 mg L-1 NAA and 0.1 mg L-1 6-BA and the highest rooting per centage was 88.9%. Plantlets 4-5 cm in height were transplanted into pots containing a 1:1 humus and sand mixture and grown for 7 weeks in a greenhouse before being transferred to the field. The survival rate of these transplants was about 75% after two months of growth in the wild.
