BACKGROUND Older adults are at high risk of femoral neck fractures(FNFs).Elderly patients face and adapt to significant psychological burdens,resulting in different degrees of psychological stress response.Total hip r...BACKGROUND Older adults are at high risk of femoral neck fractures(FNFs).Elderly patients face and adapt to significant psychological burdens,resulting in different degrees of psychological stress response.Total hip replacement is the preferred treatment for FNF in elderly patients;however,some patients have poor postoperative prognoses,and the underlying mechanism is unknown.We speculated that the postoperative prognosis of elderly patients with FNF may be related to preoperative psychological stress.AIM To explore the relationship between preoperative psychological stress and the short-term prognosis of elderly patients with FNF.METHODS In this retrospective analysis,the baseline data,preoperative 90-item Symptom Checklist score,and Harris score within 6 months of surgery of 120 elderly patients with FNF who underwent total hip arthroplasty were collected.We analyzed the indicators of poor short-term postoperative prognosis and the ability of the indicators to predict poor prognosis and compared the correlation between the indicators and the Harris score.RESULTS Anxiety,depression,garden classification of FNF,cause of fracture,FNF reduction quality,and length of hospital stay were independent influencing factors for poor short-term postoperative prognoses in elderly patients with FNF(P<0.05).The areas under the curve for anxiety,depression,and length of hospital stay were 0.742,0.854,and 0.749,respectively.The sensitivities of anxiety,depression,garden classification of FNF,and prediction of the cause of fracture were 0.857,0.786,0.821,and 0.821,respectively.The specificities of depression,FNF quality reduction,and length of hospital stay were the highest at 0.880,0.783,and 0.761,respectively.Anxiety,depression,and somatization scores correlated moderately with Harris scores(r=-0.523,-0.625,and-0.554;all P<0.001).CONCLUSION Preoperative anxiety,depression,and somatization are correlated with poor short-term prognosis in elderly patients with FNF and warrant consideration.展开更多
With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from fa...With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from family environment,social expectations and other aspects.Psychological stress not only affects the mental health of children and adolescents but is also closely related to their eating behavior.Therefore,exploring the relationship between psychological stress and eating behaviors is of great significance in promoting the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.Based on this,the study reviewed the research progress on the relationship between psychological stress and eating behavior of children and adolescents in recent years.The relationships between psychological stress and general eating behaviors,abnormal eating behaviors and eating disorders were successively reviewed,and the related physiological mechanisms were explored with a view to providing a scientific basis for mental health education and eating behavior intervention for children and adolescents.展开更多
Background:The development and prognosis of breast cancer are intricately linked to psychological stress.In addition,depression is the most common psychological comorbidity among breast cancer survivors,and reportedly...Background:The development and prognosis of breast cancer are intricately linked to psychological stress.In addition,depression is the most common psychological comorbidity among breast cancer survivors,and reportedly,Fang-Xia-Dihuang decoction(FXDH)can effectively manage depression in such patients.However,its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms remain obscure.Methods:Public databases were used for obtaining active components and related targets.Main active components were further verified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-HRMS).Protein–protein interaction and enrichment analyses were taken to predict potential hub targets and related pathways.Molecule docking was used to understand the interactions between main compounds and hub targets.In addition,an animal model of breast cancer combined with depression was established to evaluate the intervention effect of FXDH and verify the pathways screened by network pharmacology.Results:174 active components of FXDH and 163 intersection targets of FXDH,breast cancer,and depression were identified.Quercetin,methyl ferulate,luteolin,ferulaldehyde,wogonin,and diincarvilone were identified as the principal active components of FXDH.Protein–protein interaction and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathways played a crucial role in mediating the efficacy of FXDH for inhibiting breast cancer progression induced by depression.In addition,in vivo experiments revealed that FXDH ameliorated depression-like behavior in mice and inhibited excessive tumor growth in mice with breast cancer and depression.FXDH treatment downregulated the expression of epinephrine,PI3K,AKT,STAT3,and JAK2 compared with the control treatment(p<0.05).Molecular docking verified the relationship between the six primary components of FXDH and the three most important targets,including phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA),AKT,and STAT3.Conclusion:This study provides a scientific basis to support the clinical application of FXDH for improving depression-like behavior and inhibiting breast cancer progression promoted by chronic stress.The therapeutic effects FXDH may be closely related to the PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.This finding helps better understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying the efficacy of FXDH.展开更多
BACKGROUND The degree of psychological stress and the difficulty and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery differ in patients with pelvic abscesses after different durations of antiinfection treatment.AIM To compare and an...BACKGROUND The degree of psychological stress and the difficulty and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery differ in patients with pelvic abscesses after different durations of antiinfection treatment.AIM To compare and analyse the effects of different durations of anti-infective therapy on patients’preoperative psychological stress level and the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in patients with pelvic abscesses to offer a reference for the selection of therapy plans.METHODS A total of 100 patients with pelvic abscesses who were admitted to the Department of Gynecology of Suzhou Ninth Hospital affiliated to Soochow University(Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital)from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively enrolled.According to the different durations of antiinfective therapy,they were divided into Group S(50 patients,received antiinfective therapy for 24-48 h)and Group L(50 patients,received anti-infective therapy for 48-96 h).Baseline data,state-trait anxiety score at admission and before surgery,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)+self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,surgery time,adhesion grading score,intraoperative blood loss,presence or absence of intraoperative intestinal injury,ureteral injury or bladder injury,postoperative body temperature,length of hospital stay,and presence or absence of recurrence within 3 mo after surgery,chronic pelvic pain,incision infection,dysmenorrhea,menstrual disorder or intestinal obstruction were compared between the S group and the L group.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the background data between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the state-trait anxiety score or SAS+SDS score between the S group and the L group on admission(P<0.05).The state-trait anxiety score and SAS+SDS score of the S group were lower than those of Group L after receiving different durations of anti-infective therapy(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of intestinal,ureteral or bladder injury between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).The surgery time of Group S was shorter than that of Group L,and the adhesion score and intraoperative blood loss volume were lower than those of Group L(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of incision infection,dysmenorrhea,menstrual disorder or intestinal obstruction between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).The postoperative body temperature of Group S was lower than that of Group L(P<0.05),and the hospital stay was shorter than that of Group L(P<0.05).The incidences of recurrence and chronic pelvic pain within 3 mo after surgery were lower than that of Group L(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Twenty-four to forty-eight hours of anti-infective therapy is better than 48-96 h of anti-infective therapy for patients with pelvic abscesses because the degree of psychological stress is lower,which is more conducive to achieving better outcomes after laparoscopic surgery.展开更多
Previous studies suggest that serotonin (5-HT) might interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during the stress response. However, the relationship between 5-HT and BDNF expression under purely psych...Previous studies suggest that serotonin (5-HT) might interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during the stress response. However, the relationship between 5-HT and BDNF expression under purely psychological stress is unclear. In this study, one hour before psychological stress exposure, the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT or antagonist MDL73005, or the 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI or antagonist ketanserin were administered to rats exposed to psychological stress. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that after psychological stress, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were higher in the 5-HT1A and the 5-HT2A receptor agonist groups compared with the solvent control no-stress or psychological stress group in the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, central amygdaloid nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, dentate gyrus, shell of the nucleus accumbens and the midbrain periaqueductal gray. There was no significant difference between the two agonist groups. In contrast, after stress exposure, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were lower in the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist groups than in the solvent control non-stress group, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area. Our findings suggest that 5-HT regulates BDNF expression in a rat model of acute psychological stress.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute stress might increase short-term heart rate variability and blood pressure variability(BPV);however,chronic stress would not alter short-term BPV in animal models.AIM To examine the association of psy...BACKGROUND Acute stress might increase short-term heart rate variability and blood pressure variability(BPV);however,chronic stress would not alter short-term BPV in animal models.AIM To examine the association of psychological stress with long-term BPV in young male humans.METHODS We prospectively examined the association of chronic psychological stress with long-term BPV in 1112 healthy military males,averaged 32.2 years from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study in Taiwan.Psychological stress was quantitatively evaluated with the Brief Symptom Rating Scale(BSRS-5),from the least symptom of 0 to the most severe of 20,and the five components of anxiety,insomnia,depression,interpersonal sensitivity,and hostility(the severity score in each component from 0 to 4).Longterm BPV was assessed by standard deviation(SD)for systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP),and average real variability(ARV),defined as the average absolute difference between successive measurements of SBP or DBP,across four visits in the study period from 2012 to 2018(2012-14,2014-15,2015-16,and 2016-18).RESULTS The results of multivariable linear regressions showed that there were no correlations of the BSRS-5 score with SDSBP,SDDBP,ARVSBP,and ARVDBP after adjusting for all the covariates[β(SE):-0.022(0.024),-0.023(0.026),-0.001(0.018),and 0.001(0.020),respectively;P>0.05 for all].In addition,there were also no correlations between each component of the BSRS score and the long-term BPV indexes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that chronic psychological stress might not be associated with long-term BPV in military young male humans.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate sleep behaviors among college students,to assess salivary alpha-amylase(sAA)and heart rate variability(HRV)in association with stress,and to investigate sleep-related factors inc...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate sleep behaviors among college students,to assess salivary alpha-amylase(sAA)and heart rate variability(HRV)in association with stress,and to investigate sleep-related factors including sAA,HRV,and stress among them.Methods:Saliva samples for sAA assessment and HRV measurements in the supine position were taken between 3 PM and 6 PM.The level of prolonged psychological stress for the previous week was evaluated using the Korean version of the Global Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS-K),and sleep behaviors were assessed using an actigraphy device.Results:A total of 86 healthy college students participated in this study.Sleep behaviors of the college students were not good,with 84%sleep efficiency(SE)and 62.7 min wake after sleep onset(WASO).The average sAA level was 65.8 U/mL in the participants.Although neither the sAA level nor HRV indices were significantly correlated with prolonged psychological stress,decreased normalized high frequency(nHF)on HRV was independently associated with a higher level of stress when adjusted for age and sex.Higher stress(r=-0.276,P=0.011)and lower sAA(r=0.266,P=0.030)had significant correlations with shorter time in bed;however,it was sAA that was independently associated with time in bed(β=0.244,p=0.044).Decreased nHF(β=0.245,P=0.027)and higher body mass index(BMI)(β=-0.224,P=0.043)were independently related to and poorer SE.Conclusions:Poor sleep behaviors were associated with decreased parasympathetic activity,a physiological change to psychological stress,rather than with psychological stress itself among college students.Thus,sAA and HRV should be considered as significant factors for impaired sleep behaviors in relation to psychological stress.展开更多
Holistic nursing is guided by modern nursing concept and framed by nursing procedures, providing high quality nursing according to patients’ psychological, physiological, social and cultural needs. To develop holisti...Holistic nursing is guided by modern nursing concept and framed by nursing procedures, providing high quality nursing according to patients’ psychological, physiological, social and cultural needs. To develop holistic nursing in pediatrics is to develop nursing services for the purpose of satisfying the various clinical needs and psychological nursing of children. It is of great significance to establish holistic nursing concept, provide high quality nursing service for hospitalized children, and take targeted psychological intervention to alleviate their adverse psychological stress, which can improve treatment compliance and clinical efficacy, and shorten the length of hospital stay. In this paper, scientific and effective psychological nursing stress intervention means are used to improve the psychological anti-stress level of hospitalized children, and nursing intervention means are put forward, contribute to the maintenance of children’s mental health and the development of children’s mental health work and also to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention and treatment of children with psychological stress.展开更多
Background:Psychological stress has been reported to be a potential risk factor for hypertension among females,but it remains unclear whether spousal chronic stress levels alter the risk of hypertension among women.We...Background:Psychological stress has been reported to be a potential risk factor for hypertension among females,but it remains unclear whether spousal chronic stress levels alter the risk of hypertension among women.We examined the associations between stress within the family and hypertension among married women.Methods:Reproductive-aged women who were planning for pregnancy and their husbands were recruited from the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkup Projects(NFPCP)across 31 provinces in China in 2016 and 2017.Perceived stress of wives or husbands was measured with a 5-point Likert-type scale,and assessed from three domains:work/life-related stress,economic stress,and overall stress.Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between stress status and the prevalence of hypertension.Results:Of 10,027,644 couples,261,098(2.60%)women had hypertension.The results showed that higher stress levels among themselves or their husbands were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension in women(P_(for trend)<0.001).Compared with non-stressed participants,female participants with the highest stress themselves were at a greater risk of hypertension,with adjusted odds ratio(OR)of 1.31(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.25-1.37);and compared with participants whose husbands had no stress,those whose husbands had the highest stress level were at a higher risk of hypertension with adjusted OR of 1.24(95%CI:1.20-1.29).Moreover,compared with non-stressed status for both couples,only-wife-stressed,only-husband-stressed,and both-stressed couples were found to be significantly associated with increased risks of wives’hypertension,with adjusted ORs of 1.28(95%CI:1.25-1.31),1.19(95%CI:1.17-1.21),and 1.28(95%CI:1.26-1.31),respectively.Conclusion:Moderate to severe stress in both spouses might be associated with female hypertension prevalence,which highlights the importance of paying attention to the psychological stresses of couples within the family.展开更多
This study was aimed to compare the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic factors. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into control and stressed groups. Stress was applied by a communicati...This study was aimed to compare the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic factors. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into control and stressed groups. Stress was applied by a communication box acutely (1 d) and chronically (15 and 30 d). Blood sampling was carried out by retro-orbital-puncture method. The plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and corticosterone were measured. In addition, feed and water intake, latency to eat and drink, adrenal and body weights were determined. Acute and chronic psychological stress did not significantly change basal plasma corticosterone levels. However, immediately (1 min) after acute exposure to stress, plasma corticosterone level increased compared to that before stress exposure. Acute stress increased plasma insulin levels significantly. Fifteen days of stress exposure resulted in plasma glucose increase. Chronic stress significantly increased feed intake, latency to eat, and adrenal weight compared to acute stress. The body weights of both control and stressed groups increased markedly during the experiment. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index did not change significantly in the stressed group. In conclusion, application of acute and chronic psychological stress leads to different metabolic and/or behavioral changes but the metabolic changes resulting from acute exposure to stress seem to be more pronounced.展开更多
The relationship between chronic psychological stress and tumorigenesis has been well defined in epidemiological studies;however, the underlying mechanism remains underexplored. In this study, we discovered that impai...The relationship between chronic psychological stress and tumorigenesis has been well defined in epidemiological studies;however, the underlying mechanism remains underexplored. In this study, we discovered that impaired macrophage phagocytosis contributed to the psychological stressevoked tumor susceptibility, and the stress hormone glucocorticoid(GC) was identified as a principal detrimental factor. Mechanistically, GC disturbed the balance of the "eat me" signal receptor(low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1, LRP1) and the "don’t eat me" signal receptor(signal regulatory protein alpha, SIRPa). Further analysis revealed that GC led to a direct, glucocorticoid receptor(GR)-dependent trans-repression of LRP1 expression, and the repressed LRP1, in turn, resulted in the elevatedgene level of SIRPa by down-regulating mi RNA-4695-3 p. These data collectively demonstrate that stress induces the imbalance of the LRP1/SIRPa axis and entails the disturbance of tumor cell clearance by macrophages. Our findings provide the mechanistic insight into psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility and indicate that the balance of LRP1/SIRPa axis may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.展开更多
Objectives Worldwide,the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health challenges for adolescent populations.The current study aims to examine the levels of perceived stress of COVID-19 and self-compassio...Objectives Worldwide,the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health challenges for adolescent populations.The current study aims to examine the levels of perceived stress of COVID-19 and self-compassion and their relationship among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.Methods This study employed a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents from secondary schools in Asir,Saudi Arabia.Instruments that we distributed online included the modified Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10)and the Self-Compassion Scale(SCS),in addition to demographic and health-related questions.A total of 500 adolescents completed the survey.Results Adolescents in the study reported an average moderate perceived stress level of 18.6(SD=6.67)and an average moderate self-compassion level of 3.22(SD=0.53).A significant correlation is also found between the two variables(r=−0.460,P<0.001).This negative correlation indicates that lower levels of perceived stress are significantly correlated with higher levels of self-compassion.Conclusion The study results show that the perceived stress of COVID-19 is inversely correlated with self-compassion in Saudi adolescents.Further research is needed to explore how to enhance adolescents’self-compassion.School nurses’role should be given full play in this area.展开更多
Objective To investigate the change of plasma ghrelin level and explore the related factors of ghrelin alteration in elderly hypertensive patients with psychological distress.Methods A total of 300 elders,who were scr...Objective To investigate the change of plasma ghrelin level and explore the related factors of ghrelin alteration in elderly hypertensive patients with psychological distress.Methods A total of 300 elders,who were screened with Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD),and the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)for psychological stress and somato-psychological manifestations respectively,were divided into hypertension group(n=148)and non-hypertension group(n=152).Their blood samples were collected to measure the plasma level of ghrelin and total cortisol on the same day.Results The incidences of anxiety and depression were 27.7% and 11.7%,respectively,in all the enrolled elders.However,the rates of psychological distress,particularly anxiety,were significantly higher in the hypertensive elders than in the non-hypertensive ones(43.2% vs.12.5%).Anxiety was positively related to the cortisol level but negatively related to the plasma ghrelin level,and the latter two were negatively correlated with each other.Conclusion Chronic increase of plasma cortisol induced by long-term anxiety can lead to the reduction of ghrelin level,which then adversely affects blood pressure in elders with psychological distress.Therefore,ghrelin might be a selective antihypertensive medicine for hypertensive elders with anxiety.展开更多
It is commonly known that psychological stress affects immunity through the nervous system,but the specific stress networks between brain and peripheral leukocytes,or their relationship with disease initiation or prog...It is commonly known that psychological stress affects immunity through the nervous system,but the specific stress networks between brain and peripheral leukocytes,or their relationship with disease initiation or progression have yet to been delineated.A recent study by Poller and his colleagues1 propose an innovative perspective that distinct brain circuits rapidly manipulate a large-scale whole-body re-distribution of leukocytes(neutrophils,monocytes,lymphocytes)during psychological stress.展开更多
Background:The occurrence of mental health symptoms is higher in individuals aged between 18 and 24 years than in other age groups.Mental health literacy is derived from health literacy,and focuses on the knowledge,at...Background:The occurrence of mental health symptoms is higher in individuals aged between 18 and 24 years than in other age groups.Mental health literacy is derived from health literacy,and focuses on the knowledge,attitudes,and competencies that individuals need to acquire to manage their own health effectively.Low mental health literacy is associated with poorer mental health.Grit is also a known protective factor against mental disorders.Despite a heightened focus on mental health literacy and grit as important factors for decreasing mental health symptoms,knowledge of the effect of mental health literacy and grit on mental health symptoms is very limited.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mental health literacy and psychological symptoms and the mediating effect of grit on these relationships.Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study used survey data from 178 university students in Korea.Data were collected between March and May 2022.The SPSS PROCESS macro(Model 4)was used to analyze the data.Results:Mental health literacy was not directly associated with psychological symptoms.However,an indirect pathway was observed between mental health literacy,depression,and anxiety,through grit.Conclusion:Mental health literacy affects psychological symptoms through grit.Therefore,to improve the mental health of university students,it is necessary to develop programs that increase mental health literacy and grit.展开更多
Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic,relapsing,multifactorial inflammatory disease with genetic,environmental,and immunological characteristics.The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by...Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic,relapsing,multifactorial inflammatory disease with genetic,environmental,and immunological characteristics.The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by AD,which triggers stress,described as one of the factors that worsens AD.Salivary biomarkers such as cortisol,alpha-amylase,chromogranin A,and melatonin have been associated with stress and sleep disturbances.Therefore,the evaluation of stress and sleep disorders using salivary biomarkers in AD patients is important.This review aims to describe the possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and stress,sleep disorders,and salivary biomarkers,seeking to contribute to better understanding and clinical management of AD.This descriptive study is characterized as a narrative literature review.A literature search was conducted of studies published in English and Portuguese between January 2012 and October 2022 that are available in electronic media from various databases,such as Scientific Electronic Library Online,Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences,and PubMed.AD is associated with different degrees of impact on the lives of individuals who present with the disease.Psychological stress may induce changes in saliva composition and worsen AD;at the same time,the severity of the disease may be associated with emotional impact.Further studies are needed to assess and correlate AD severity,stress,and sleep disturbances with salivary biomarkers in order to better understand this association.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of nursing interventions based on self-efficacy theory guidance on psychological stress indicators in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods:70 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis ...Objective:To explore the effect of nursing interventions based on self-efficacy theory guidance on psychological stress indicators in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods:70 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis from October 2023 to May 2024 were selected and grouped by random number table.The observation group received nursing intervention based on self-efficacy theory,while the control group received routine nursing.The differences in psychological stress indicators,self-efficacy indicators,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale(CDSES)scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);and nursing satisfaction scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Hepatitis B cirrhosis patients receiving nursing care based on self-efficacy theory can stimulate patients'self-efficacy,calm their emotions,and their overall satisfaction is high.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Accumulated evidence indicates an important role for hippocampal dendrite atrophy in development of depression, while brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) participates in hippocampal dendrite growth...BACKGROUND: Accumulated evidence indicates an important role for hippocampal dendrite atrophy in development of depression, while brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) participates in hippocampal dendrite growth. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the role of BDNF and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in chronic and unpredictable stress-induced depression and the pathogenesis of depression. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled animal experiment. The experiment was carded out from October 2006 to May 2007 at the Department of Animal Physiology, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University. MATERIALS: Thirty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g at the beginning of the experiment were obtained from Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xi'an, China). BDNF antibody and nNOS antibody were provided by Santa Cruz (USA). K252a (BDNF inhibitor) and 7-NI (nNOS inhibitor) were provided by Sigma (USA). METHODS: Animals were randomly divided into five groups: Control group, chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) group, K252a group, K252a+7-NI group and 7-NI+CUMS group. While the Control, K252a and K252a+7-NI groups of rats not subjected to stress had free access to food and water, other groups of rats were subjected to nine stressors randomly applied for 21 days, with each stressor applied 2-3 times. On days 1, 7, 14 and 21 during CUMS, rats received microinjection of 1 μL of physiological saline in the Control and CUMS groups, 1 ~ L of K252a in the K252a group, 1 μL of K252a and 7-NI in the K252a+7-NI group, and 1 μL of 7-NI in the 7-NI+CUMS group. We observed a variety of alterations in sucrose preference, body weight change, open field test and forced swimming test, and observed the expression of BDNF and nNOS in rat hippocampus by immunohistochemistry; MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① A variety.of behavioral alterations of rats; ② The expression of BDNF and nNOS in rat hippocampus. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, the behavior of the CUMS rats was significantly depressed, the expression of BDNF decreased (P 〈 0.01) but the expression of nNOS increased (P 〈 0.01). The behavior of rats given intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF inhibitor was significantly depressed and the expression of nNOS was significantly increased (P 〈 0.01). Intra-hippocampal injections of an nNOS inhibitor reversed the depression-like behavioral changes induced by CUMS or intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF inhibitor. CONCLUSION: CUMS induced a decrease in expression of BDNF and an increase in expression of NO in the hippocampus, which may lead to depression.展开更多
The aim of this paper is to describe the direction of the link between stress,depression,increased inflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)reduction.We hypothesize that severe stress or prolonged stres...The aim of this paper is to describe the direction of the link between stress,depression,increased inflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)reduction.We hypothesize that severe stress or prolonged stress can be the driving factor that promote the onset of depression.Both stress and depression,if not resolved over time,activate the production of transcription factors that will switch on pro-inflammatory genes and translate them into cytokines.This cascade fosters systemic chronic inflammation and reduced plasma BDNF levels.Since people with depression have a 60%increased risk of developing type 2diabetes(T2D)and show high levels of inflammation and low levels of BDNF,we hypothesize possible reasons that might explain why T2D,depression and dementia are often associated in the same patient.展开更多
Exploring whether medical staff perceive stress on the assigned medical tasks,what are the specific sources of stress,what are the tangible sources of support they expected to be helpful,and individual coping with str...Exploring whether medical staff perceive stress on the assigned medical tasks,what are the specific sources of stress,what are the tangible sources of support they expected to be helpful,and individual coping with stress to provide more accurate,personal support for psychological crisis.This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive survey adopting convenience sampling among the medical staff who worked for over seven days in the infected areas of one Grade 2A and three Grade 3A hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.The assessment includes attitude when receiving tasks,major stressors,factors relieving stress,and personal management of stress.A total of 104(76.8%)valid questionnaires are received.A majority(94.3%)of the medical staff held a positive attitude taking duty for granted but feeling nervous and afraid(81.1%).Contacting the infected(90.6%)and compensation(92.5%)are the main concerns.The major pressure sources are regarding safety for oneself(98.1%),colleagues(92.5%),and family(94.3%),as well as lack of effective treatment(92.5%),inadequate protective equipment(94.3%)and incomplete disinfection(94.3%).The main positive pressure adjustments include strict infection controlling measures(98.4%),maintaining a positive attitude(95.2%),actively attain more information 95.2%,and engage in recreational activities(93.6%),but more than 40%takes negative adjustments to vent their emotions and relieve anxiety,suggesting the importance of early psychological intervention.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the main stressors among medical staff are safety,uncertainty and shortage of resources.Positive coping includes taking effective protective measures and achieving thorough understanding of the virus.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Older adults are at high risk of femoral neck fractures(FNFs).Elderly patients face and adapt to significant psychological burdens,resulting in different degrees of psychological stress response.Total hip replacement is the preferred treatment for FNF in elderly patients;however,some patients have poor postoperative prognoses,and the underlying mechanism is unknown.We speculated that the postoperative prognosis of elderly patients with FNF may be related to preoperative psychological stress.AIM To explore the relationship between preoperative psychological stress and the short-term prognosis of elderly patients with FNF.METHODS In this retrospective analysis,the baseline data,preoperative 90-item Symptom Checklist score,and Harris score within 6 months of surgery of 120 elderly patients with FNF who underwent total hip arthroplasty were collected.We analyzed the indicators of poor short-term postoperative prognosis and the ability of the indicators to predict poor prognosis and compared the correlation between the indicators and the Harris score.RESULTS Anxiety,depression,garden classification of FNF,cause of fracture,FNF reduction quality,and length of hospital stay were independent influencing factors for poor short-term postoperative prognoses in elderly patients with FNF(P<0.05).The areas under the curve for anxiety,depression,and length of hospital stay were 0.742,0.854,and 0.749,respectively.The sensitivities of anxiety,depression,garden classification of FNF,and prediction of the cause of fracture were 0.857,0.786,0.821,and 0.821,respectively.The specificities of depression,FNF quality reduction,and length of hospital stay were the highest at 0.880,0.783,and 0.761,respectively.Anxiety,depression,and somatization scores correlated moderately with Harris scores(r=-0.523,-0.625,and-0.554;all P<0.001).CONCLUSION Preoperative anxiety,depression,and somatization are correlated with poor short-term prognosis in elderly patients with FNF and warrant consideration.
基金Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund(2023HL-11)Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund(2023HL-34)Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Internal Incubation Fund(2022HL-08)。
文摘With the rapid development and change in society,children and adolescents are facing more and more psychological pressure,which comes not only from academic performance and interpersonal relationships but also from family environment,social expectations and other aspects.Psychological stress not only affects the mental health of children and adolescents but is also closely related to their eating behavior.Therefore,exploring the relationship between psychological stress and eating behaviors is of great significance in promoting the physical and mental health development of children and adolescents.Based on this,the study reviewed the research progress on the relationship between psychological stress and eating behavior of children and adolescents in recent years.The relationships between psychological stress and general eating behaviors,abnormal eating behaviors and eating disorders were successively reviewed,and the related physiological mechanisms were explored with a view to providing a scientific basis for mental health education and eating behavior intervention for children and adolescents.
基金supported by the Xiamen High-Level Health Talents Introduction and Training Project(Xiaweidang 2021-124)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81774319).
文摘Background:The development and prognosis of breast cancer are intricately linked to psychological stress.In addition,depression is the most common psychological comorbidity among breast cancer survivors,and reportedly,Fang-Xia-Dihuang decoction(FXDH)can effectively manage depression in such patients.However,its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms remain obscure.Methods:Public databases were used for obtaining active components and related targets.Main active components were further verified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-HRMS).Protein–protein interaction and enrichment analyses were taken to predict potential hub targets and related pathways.Molecule docking was used to understand the interactions between main compounds and hub targets.In addition,an animal model of breast cancer combined with depression was established to evaluate the intervention effect of FXDH and verify the pathways screened by network pharmacology.Results:174 active components of FXDH and 163 intersection targets of FXDH,breast cancer,and depression were identified.Quercetin,methyl ferulate,luteolin,ferulaldehyde,wogonin,and diincarvilone were identified as the principal active components of FXDH.Protein–protein interaction and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathways played a crucial role in mediating the efficacy of FXDH for inhibiting breast cancer progression induced by depression.In addition,in vivo experiments revealed that FXDH ameliorated depression-like behavior in mice and inhibited excessive tumor growth in mice with breast cancer and depression.FXDH treatment downregulated the expression of epinephrine,PI3K,AKT,STAT3,and JAK2 compared with the control treatment(p<0.05).Molecular docking verified the relationship between the six primary components of FXDH and the three most important targets,including phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha(PIK3CA),AKT,and STAT3.Conclusion:This study provides a scientific basis to support the clinical application of FXDH for improving depression-like behavior and inhibiting breast cancer progression promoted by chronic stress.The therapeutic effects FXDH may be closely related to the PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 pathways.This finding helps better understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying the efficacy of FXDH.
文摘BACKGROUND The degree of psychological stress and the difficulty and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery differ in patients with pelvic abscesses after different durations of antiinfection treatment.AIM To compare and analyse the effects of different durations of anti-infective therapy on patients’preoperative psychological stress level and the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic surgery in patients with pelvic abscesses to offer a reference for the selection of therapy plans.METHODS A total of 100 patients with pelvic abscesses who were admitted to the Department of Gynecology of Suzhou Ninth Hospital affiliated to Soochow University(Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital)from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively enrolled.According to the different durations of antiinfective therapy,they were divided into Group S(50 patients,received antiinfective therapy for 24-48 h)and Group L(50 patients,received anti-infective therapy for 48-96 h).Baseline data,state-trait anxiety score at admission and before surgery,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)+self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,surgery time,adhesion grading score,intraoperative blood loss,presence or absence of intraoperative intestinal injury,ureteral injury or bladder injury,postoperative body temperature,length of hospital stay,and presence or absence of recurrence within 3 mo after surgery,chronic pelvic pain,incision infection,dysmenorrhea,menstrual disorder or intestinal obstruction were compared between the S group and the L group.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the background data between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the state-trait anxiety score or SAS+SDS score between the S group and the L group on admission(P<0.05).The state-trait anxiety score and SAS+SDS score of the S group were lower than those of Group L after receiving different durations of anti-infective therapy(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of intestinal,ureteral or bladder injury between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).The surgery time of Group S was shorter than that of Group L,and the adhesion score and intraoperative blood loss volume were lower than those of Group L(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of incision infection,dysmenorrhea,menstrual disorder or intestinal obstruction between the S group and the L group(P<0.05).The postoperative body temperature of Group S was lower than that of Group L(P<0.05),and the hospital stay was shorter than that of Group L(P<0.05).The incidences of recurrence and chronic pelvic pain within 3 mo after surgery were lower than that of Group L(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Twenty-four to forty-eight hours of anti-infective therapy is better than 48-96 h of anti-infective therapy for patients with pelvic abscesses because the degree of psychological stress is lower,which is more conducive to achieving better outcomes after laparoscopic surgery.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2011HM023 to GYL)the “11th Five-Year Plan”,National Supporting Program(2007BAI17B02 to GYL)+5 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Higher Education of Shandong Province of China(J10LF01 to GYL)a grant from Medical Science and Technology Development Project of Shandong Province of China(2011HZ011 to GYL)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2012M 520585 to CJZ)the Fund of Tianjin Health Bureau of China(2014KR02 to CJZ)the Foundation of Hainan Li Ou Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.the Foundation of Xuzhou Enhua Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. of China
文摘Previous studies suggest that serotonin (5-HT) might interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during the stress response. However, the relationship between 5-HT and BDNF expression under purely psychological stress is unclear. In this study, one hour before psychological stress exposure, the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT or antagonist MDL73005, or the 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI or antagonist ketanserin were administered to rats exposed to psychological stress. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that after psychological stress, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were higher in the 5-HT1A and the 5-HT2A receptor agonist groups compared with the solvent control no-stress or psychological stress group in the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, central amygdaloid nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, dentate gyrus, shell of the nucleus accumbens and the midbrain periaqueductal gray. There was no significant difference between the two agonist groups. In contrast, after stress exposure, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were lower in the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist groups than in the solvent control non-stress group, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area. Our findings suggest that 5-HT regulates BDNF expression in a rat model of acute psychological stress.
基金the Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital Grant,No.HAFGH-D-109007.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute stress might increase short-term heart rate variability and blood pressure variability(BPV);however,chronic stress would not alter short-term BPV in animal models.AIM To examine the association of psychological stress with long-term BPV in young male humans.METHODS We prospectively examined the association of chronic psychological stress with long-term BPV in 1112 healthy military males,averaged 32.2 years from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study in Taiwan.Psychological stress was quantitatively evaluated with the Brief Symptom Rating Scale(BSRS-5),from the least symptom of 0 to the most severe of 20,and the five components of anxiety,insomnia,depression,interpersonal sensitivity,and hostility(the severity score in each component from 0 to 4).Longterm BPV was assessed by standard deviation(SD)for systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP),and average real variability(ARV),defined as the average absolute difference between successive measurements of SBP or DBP,across four visits in the study period from 2012 to 2018(2012-14,2014-15,2015-16,and 2016-18).RESULTS The results of multivariable linear regressions showed that there were no correlations of the BSRS-5 score with SDSBP,SDDBP,ARVSBP,and ARVDBP after adjusting for all the covariates[β(SE):-0.022(0.024),-0.023(0.026),-0.001(0.018),and 0.001(0.020),respectively;P>0.05 for all].In addition,there were also no correlations between each component of the BSRS score and the long-term BPV indexes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that chronic psychological stress might not be associated with long-term BPV in military young male humans.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate sleep behaviors among college students,to assess salivary alpha-amylase(sAA)and heart rate variability(HRV)in association with stress,and to investigate sleep-related factors including sAA,HRV,and stress among them.Methods:Saliva samples for sAA assessment and HRV measurements in the supine position were taken between 3 PM and 6 PM.The level of prolonged psychological stress for the previous week was evaluated using the Korean version of the Global Assessment of Recent Stress(GARS-K),and sleep behaviors were assessed using an actigraphy device.Results:A total of 86 healthy college students participated in this study.Sleep behaviors of the college students were not good,with 84%sleep efficiency(SE)and 62.7 min wake after sleep onset(WASO).The average sAA level was 65.8 U/mL in the participants.Although neither the sAA level nor HRV indices were significantly correlated with prolonged psychological stress,decreased normalized high frequency(nHF)on HRV was independently associated with a higher level of stress when adjusted for age and sex.Higher stress(r=-0.276,P=0.011)and lower sAA(r=0.266,P=0.030)had significant correlations with shorter time in bed;however,it was sAA that was independently associated with time in bed(β=0.244,p=0.044).Decreased nHF(β=0.245,P=0.027)and higher body mass index(BMI)(β=-0.224,P=0.043)were independently related to and poorer SE.Conclusions:Poor sleep behaviors were associated with decreased parasympathetic activity,a physiological change to psychological stress,rather than with psychological stress itself among college students.Thus,sAA and HRV should be considered as significant factors for impaired sleep behaviors in relation to psychological stress.
文摘Holistic nursing is guided by modern nursing concept and framed by nursing procedures, providing high quality nursing according to patients’ psychological, physiological, social and cultural needs. To develop holistic nursing in pediatrics is to develop nursing services for the purpose of satisfying the various clinical needs and psychological nursing of children. It is of great significance to establish holistic nursing concept, provide high quality nursing service for hospitalized children, and take targeted psychological intervention to alleviate their adverse psychological stress, which can improve treatment compliance and clinical efficacy, and shorten the length of hospital stay. In this paper, scientific and effective psychological nursing stress intervention means are used to improve the psychological anti-stress level of hospitalized children, and nursing intervention means are put forward, contribute to the maintenance of children’s mental health and the development of children’s mental health work and also to provide a theoretical basis for the intervention and treatment of children with psychological stress.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1000307)
文摘Background:Psychological stress has been reported to be a potential risk factor for hypertension among females,but it remains unclear whether spousal chronic stress levels alter the risk of hypertension among women.We examined the associations between stress within the family and hypertension among married women.Methods:Reproductive-aged women who were planning for pregnancy and their husbands were recruited from the National Free Pre-pregnancy Checkup Projects(NFPCP)across 31 provinces in China in 2016 and 2017.Perceived stress of wives or husbands was measured with a 5-point Likert-type scale,and assessed from three domains:work/life-related stress,economic stress,and overall stress.Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between stress status and the prevalence of hypertension.Results:Of 10,027,644 couples,261,098(2.60%)women had hypertension.The results showed that higher stress levels among themselves or their husbands were associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension in women(P_(for trend)<0.001).Compared with non-stressed participants,female participants with the highest stress themselves were at a greater risk of hypertension,with adjusted odds ratio(OR)of 1.31(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.25-1.37);and compared with participants whose husbands had no stress,those whose husbands had the highest stress level were at a higher risk of hypertension with adjusted OR of 1.24(95%CI:1.20-1.29).Moreover,compared with non-stressed status for both couples,only-wife-stressed,only-husband-stressed,and both-stressed couples were found to be significantly associated with increased risks of wives’hypertension,with adjusted ORs of 1.28(95%CI:1.25-1.31),1.19(95%CI:1.17-1.21),and 1.28(95%CI:1.26-1.31),respectively.Conclusion:Moderate to severe stress in both spouses might be associated with female hypertension prevalence,which highlights the importance of paying attention to the psychological stresses of couples within the family.
基金Project (No. 919) supported by the Neuroscience Research Center,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
文摘This study was aimed to compare the effects of acute and chronic psychological stress on metabolic factors. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into control and stressed groups. Stress was applied by a communication box acutely (1 d) and chronically (15 and 30 d). Blood sampling was carried out by retro-orbital-puncture method. The plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, insulin, and corticosterone were measured. In addition, feed and water intake, latency to eat and drink, adrenal and body weights were determined. Acute and chronic psychological stress did not significantly change basal plasma corticosterone levels. However, immediately (1 min) after acute exposure to stress, plasma corticosterone level increased compared to that before stress exposure. Acute stress increased plasma insulin levels significantly. Fifteen days of stress exposure resulted in plasma glucose increase. Chronic stress significantly increased feed intake, latency to eat, and adrenal weight compared to acute stress. The body weights of both control and stressed groups increased markedly during the experiment. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index did not change significantly in the stressed group. In conclusion, application of acute and chronic psychological stress leads to different metabolic and/or behavioral changes but the metabolic changes resulting from acute exposure to stress seem to be more pronounced.
基金supported,in part,by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81673709,82004231,U1801284 and 81873209)Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(grant number 2017BT01Y036,China)and GDUPS(2019,China)+5 种基金Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(grant number 2017A030306004,China)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(grant numbers 201903010062 and 202102010116,China)Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant number 2020M683204,China)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund(grant number 2020A1515110388,China)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant number 21620448,China)support of K.C.Wong Education Foundation。
文摘The relationship between chronic psychological stress and tumorigenesis has been well defined in epidemiological studies;however, the underlying mechanism remains underexplored. In this study, we discovered that impaired macrophage phagocytosis contributed to the psychological stressevoked tumor susceptibility, and the stress hormone glucocorticoid(GC) was identified as a principal detrimental factor. Mechanistically, GC disturbed the balance of the "eat me" signal receptor(low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1, LRP1) and the "don’t eat me" signal receptor(signal regulatory protein alpha, SIRPa). Further analysis revealed that GC led to a direct, glucocorticoid receptor(GR)-dependent trans-repression of LRP1 expression, and the repressed LRP1, in turn, resulted in the elevatedgene level of SIRPa by down-regulating mi RNA-4695-3 p. These data collectively demonstrate that stress induces the imbalance of the LRP1/SIRPa axis and entails the disturbance of tumor cell clearance by macrophages. Our findings provide the mechanistic insight into psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility and indicate that the balance of LRP1/SIRPa axis may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.
文摘Objectives Worldwide,the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health challenges for adolescent populations.The current study aims to examine the levels of perceived stress of COVID-19 and self-compassion and their relationship among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.Methods This study employed a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents from secondary schools in Asir,Saudi Arabia.Instruments that we distributed online included the modified Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10)and the Self-Compassion Scale(SCS),in addition to demographic and health-related questions.A total of 500 adolescents completed the survey.Results Adolescents in the study reported an average moderate perceived stress level of 18.6(SD=6.67)and an average moderate self-compassion level of 3.22(SD=0.53).A significant correlation is also found between the two variables(r=−0.460,P<0.001).This negative correlation indicates that lower levels of perceived stress are significantly correlated with higher levels of self-compassion.Conclusion The study results show that the perceived stress of COVID-19 is inversely correlated with self-compassion in Saudi adolescents.Further research is needed to explore how to enhance adolescents’self-compassion.School nurses’role should be given full play in this area.
文摘Objective To investigate the change of plasma ghrelin level and explore the related factors of ghrelin alteration in elderly hypertensive patients with psychological distress.Methods A total of 300 elders,who were screened with Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD),and the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)for psychological stress and somato-psychological manifestations respectively,were divided into hypertension group(n=148)and non-hypertension group(n=152).Their blood samples were collected to measure the plasma level of ghrelin and total cortisol on the same day.Results The incidences of anxiety and depression were 27.7% and 11.7%,respectively,in all the enrolled elders.However,the rates of psychological distress,particularly anxiety,were significantly higher in the hypertensive elders than in the non-hypertensive ones(43.2% vs.12.5%).Anxiety was positively related to the cortisol level but negatively related to the plasma ghrelin level,and the latter two were negatively correlated with each other.Conclusion Chronic increase of plasma cortisol induced by long-term anxiety can lead to the reduction of ghrelin level,which then adversely affects blood pressure in elders with psychological distress.Therefore,ghrelin might be a selective antihypertensive medicine for hypertensive elders with anxiety.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82125038,82004231)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund(No.2020A1515110388,China)GDUPS(2019,China).
文摘It is commonly known that psychological stress affects immunity through the nervous system,but the specific stress networks between brain and peripheral leukocytes,or their relationship with disease initiation or progression have yet to been delineated.A recent study by Poller and his colleagues1 propose an innovative perspective that distinct brain circuits rapidly manipulate a large-scale whole-body re-distribution of leukocytes(neutrophils,monocytes,lymphocytes)during psychological stress.
基金supported by the Dongguk University Research Fund of 2021.
文摘Background:The occurrence of mental health symptoms is higher in individuals aged between 18 and 24 years than in other age groups.Mental health literacy is derived from health literacy,and focuses on the knowledge,attitudes,and competencies that individuals need to acquire to manage their own health effectively.Low mental health literacy is associated with poorer mental health.Grit is also a known protective factor against mental disorders.Despite a heightened focus on mental health literacy and grit as important factors for decreasing mental health symptoms,knowledge of the effect of mental health literacy and grit on mental health symptoms is very limited.This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between mental health literacy and psychological symptoms and the mediating effect of grit on these relationships.Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study used survey data from 178 university students in Korea.Data were collected between March and May 2022.The SPSS PROCESS macro(Model 4)was used to analyze the data.Results:Mental health literacy was not directly associated with psychological symptoms.However,an indirect pathway was observed between mental health literacy,depression,and anxiety,through grit.Conclusion:Mental health literacy affects psychological symptoms through grit.Therefore,to improve the mental health of university students,it is necessary to develop programs that increase mental health literacy and grit.
文摘Atopic dermatitis(AD)is a chronic,relapsing,multifactorial inflammatory disease with genetic,environmental,and immunological characteristics.The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by AD,which triggers stress,described as one of the factors that worsens AD.Salivary biomarkers such as cortisol,alpha-amylase,chromogranin A,and melatonin have been associated with stress and sleep disturbances.Therefore,the evaluation of stress and sleep disorders using salivary biomarkers in AD patients is important.This review aims to describe the possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and stress,sleep disorders,and salivary biomarkers,seeking to contribute to better understanding and clinical management of AD.This descriptive study is characterized as a narrative literature review.A literature search was conducted of studies published in English and Portuguese between January 2012 and October 2022 that are available in electronic media from various databases,such as Scientific Electronic Library Online,Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences,and PubMed.AD is associated with different degrees of impact on the lives of individuals who present with the disease.Psychological stress may induce changes in saliva composition and worsen AD;at the same time,the severity of the disease may be associated with emotional impact.Further studies are needed to assess and correlate AD severity,stress,and sleep disturbances with salivary biomarkers in order to better understand this association.
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of nursing interventions based on self-efficacy theory guidance on psychological stress indicators in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods:70 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis from October 2023 to May 2024 were selected and grouped by random number table.The observation group received nursing intervention based on self-efficacy theory,while the control group received routine nursing.The differences in psychological stress indicators,self-efficacy indicators,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale(CDSES)scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);and nursing satisfaction scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Hepatitis B cirrhosis patients receiving nursing care based on self-efficacy theory can stimulate patients'self-efficacy,calm their emotions,and their overall satisfaction is high.
基金the grant from Natural Foundation of Shaanxi Province, No.2006C240
文摘BACKGROUND: Accumulated evidence indicates an important role for hippocampal dendrite atrophy in development of depression, while brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) participates in hippocampal dendrite growth. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the role of BDNF and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in chronic and unpredictable stress-induced depression and the pathogenesis of depression. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized, controlled animal experiment. The experiment was carded out from October 2006 to May 2007 at the Department of Animal Physiology, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University. MATERIALS: Thirty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g at the beginning of the experiment were obtained from Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Xi'an, China). BDNF antibody and nNOS antibody were provided by Santa Cruz (USA). K252a (BDNF inhibitor) and 7-NI (nNOS inhibitor) were provided by Sigma (USA). METHODS: Animals were randomly divided into five groups: Control group, chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) group, K252a group, K252a+7-NI group and 7-NI+CUMS group. While the Control, K252a and K252a+7-NI groups of rats not subjected to stress had free access to food and water, other groups of rats were subjected to nine stressors randomly applied for 21 days, with each stressor applied 2-3 times. On days 1, 7, 14 and 21 during CUMS, rats received microinjection of 1 μL of physiological saline in the Control and CUMS groups, 1 ~ L of K252a in the K252a group, 1 μL of K252a and 7-NI in the K252a+7-NI group, and 1 μL of 7-NI in the 7-NI+CUMS group. We observed a variety of alterations in sucrose preference, body weight change, open field test and forced swimming test, and observed the expression of BDNF and nNOS in rat hippocampus by immunohistochemistry; MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① A variety.of behavioral alterations of rats; ② The expression of BDNF and nNOS in rat hippocampus. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, the behavior of the CUMS rats was significantly depressed, the expression of BDNF decreased (P 〈 0.01) but the expression of nNOS increased (P 〈 0.01). The behavior of rats given intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF inhibitor was significantly depressed and the expression of nNOS was significantly increased (P 〈 0.01). Intra-hippocampal injections of an nNOS inhibitor reversed the depression-like behavioral changes induced by CUMS or intra-hippocampal injection of BDNF inhibitor. CONCLUSION: CUMS induced a decrease in expression of BDNF and an increase in expression of NO in the hippocampus, which may lead to depression.
文摘The aim of this paper is to describe the direction of the link between stress,depression,increased inflammation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)reduction.We hypothesize that severe stress or prolonged stress can be the driving factor that promote the onset of depression.Both stress and depression,if not resolved over time,activate the production of transcription factors that will switch on pro-inflammatory genes and translate them into cytokines.This cascade fosters systemic chronic inflammation and reduced plasma BDNF levels.Since people with depression have a 60%increased risk of developing type 2diabetes(T2D)and show high levels of inflammation and low levels of BDNF,we hypothesize possible reasons that might explain why T2D,depression and dementia are often associated in the same patient.
文摘Exploring whether medical staff perceive stress on the assigned medical tasks,what are the specific sources of stress,what are the tangible sources of support they expected to be helpful,and individual coping with stress to provide more accurate,personal support for psychological crisis.This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive survey adopting convenience sampling among the medical staff who worked for over seven days in the infected areas of one Grade 2A and three Grade 3A hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.The assessment includes attitude when receiving tasks,major stressors,factors relieving stress,and personal management of stress.A total of 104(76.8%)valid questionnaires are received.A majority(94.3%)of the medical staff held a positive attitude taking duty for granted but feeling nervous and afraid(81.1%).Contacting the infected(90.6%)and compensation(92.5%)are the main concerns.The major pressure sources are regarding safety for oneself(98.1%),colleagues(92.5%),and family(94.3%),as well as lack of effective treatment(92.5%),inadequate protective equipment(94.3%)and incomplete disinfection(94.3%).The main positive pressure adjustments include strict infection controlling measures(98.4%),maintaining a positive attitude(95.2%),actively attain more information 95.2%,and engage in recreational activities(93.6%),but more than 40%takes negative adjustments to vent their emotions and relieve anxiety,suggesting the importance of early psychological intervention.During the COVID-19 pandemic,the main stressors among medical staff are safety,uncertainty and shortage of resources.Positive coping includes taking effective protective measures and achieving thorough understanding of the virus.