Psychomotor Development of Low Birth Weight Infants at the “Mère-Enfant” University Hospital Centre (UHC) of Libreville

Introduction: Low birth weight is a key indicator of newborn health. The objective of this study was to contribute to the reduction of low birth weight-related morbidity and mortality. Patients and Methods: cohort study conducted from January 2019 to July 2020 at the “Mère-Enfant” University Hospital Centre (UHC) of Libreville. All newborns with a birth weight 2500 g were included. The clinical data of patients were studied. They were followed over a period of 12 months and assessed psychomotorly by the Brunet-Lézine scale. Results: 1260/9035 births of low birth weight (14.0%) were observed, and 300 among them were included. The mortality rate was 27.0% (81) and 219 were followed for 12 months. The sex ratio was 0.8, the average birth weight was 2008.6 ± 215.2 g. The average gestational age was 34 ± 12 weeks with 75.3% prematurity. An infant disease was observed in 61.6% of cases and respiratory pathologies were more observed except at 3 months of age where the proportion of digestive pathologies was 20.5%. At the time of the last consultation at 12 months of life, 76.2% of infants had no pathology. The quotients of postural development, language and coordination were normal (between 110 - 70) respectively in 75.4%, 99.1% and 68% of cases at the age of 12 months. The psychomotor development quotient was correlated with the birth weight in the language area r = 0.15 (p = 0.024), posture r = 0.15 (p = 0.015) and coordination r = 0.15 (p = 0.026) respectively. Conclusion: Low birth weight is a public health problem at UHCME-JEF. Despite the fact that psychomotor development can be said to be satisfactory, many efforts remain to be made to reduce low birth weight levels and improve survival.

Ontogeny of Psychomotor and Sensory Functions in the Rat: Effects of Sexual Dimorphism

Background: We studied the development of eight (8) different psychomotor and sensory functions in male and female rats, from postnatal day 10 to 45, with the aim of determining whether the ontogenesis of these functions was subject to sexual dimorphism. Methods: Wistar rats bred according to standard conditions in our laboratories were put into reproduction. Ten days after whelping, male and female pups were identified and subjected to a battery of behavioral tests on postnatal days 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 45, to assess the development of the following psychomotor and sensory functions: Exploratory activity, locomotor activity, emotional defecation, hind paws lifting reflex latency, wire-grasping time, Latencies of execution of crawling along the wire and of leap onto the ground, nociception (tail flick) and body weight. Results: Only complex brain functions generated by cerebral cortex activities, i.e. exploratory activity and leap execution latency, do not undergo differential development sex-dependent. However, voluntary motor functions initiated in the motor cortex, and requiring high peripheral muscle performance such as crawling execution latency and wire-grasping time developed more rapidly in males than in females. Correlatively, body weight i.e. muscle mass index increased more speedily in males than in females. On the other hand, studies of automatic motor functions such as locomotor activity, and reflex motor functions i.e. hind paws lifting reflex latency and tail flick latency showed earlier development in females than in males. In addition, the study of emotional response, an emanation of limbic structures, showed prodigious development in females compared to males. Conclusion: Our studies have shown that there is a developmental sexual dimorphism of the central nervous system in the rat. Indeed, studies of automatic and reflex motor functions, whose activities are essentially linked to the spinal cord and brainstem, indicated that hindbrain areas develop more speedily in females than in males. Likewise, study of the emotional response emanating from diencephalic limbic structures, in particular the hypothalamus, showed a prodigious and early development in females compared to males. Taken together, our studies indicate that the vast majority of brain structures and functions reached maturation earlier in females than in males. Estrogen is the trigger hormone for early maturation of the female brain.

Investigation of the usefulness of zaleplon at two doses to induce afternoon-sleep under noise interference and its effects on psychomotor performance and vestibular function

Background:Military operation personnel often suffer from sleep difficulty because of their work requirements.In this study,we investigated the efficacy of zaleplon at two doses to induce afternoon-sleep under noise interference and its effects on psychomotor performance and vestibular function; we subsequently established the optimal dosage regimen for military operation personnel.Methods:Twenty-two healthy young male volunteers were recruited for the study.Eight subjects took 10 mg or 15 mg of zaleplon and placebo alternately and then were exposed to noise.Changes in polysomnography(PSG) indices,including sleep latency(SL),sleep efficiency(SE) and sleep structure,were recorded after drug administration.After awakening,the volunteers' subjective judgments of sleep quality and sleepiness were measured.Eight volunteers underwent 3 psychomotor performance tests at a one-week interval,and the psychomotor performance tests were conducted before and after taking zaleplon and placebo.Six volunteers participated in the vestibular function test session,and parameters,including optokinetic nystagmus(OKN),vestibular ocular reflex(VOR),visualvestibular ocular reflex(VVOR) and vestibular ocular reflex fixation suppression(VOR-Fix),were detected by the same experimental design as described above.The data of sleep observations were subjected to one-way variance analysis.Results:Compared with the placebo group,SL was shortened significantly,and the scores of subjective sleep quality and sleep depth were clearly increased in the zaleplon 10 mg group(P<0.05).Moreover,the SE and the percent of REM(rapid eye movement) sleep were increased remarkably in the zaleplon 15 mg group(P<0.01).Furthermore,the SE,percent of REM sleep and scores of subjective sleep depth in the zaleplon 15 mg group were significantly higher than in the zaleplon 10 mg group(P<0.05).The psychomotor performance did not change significantly after ingestion of 10 mg or 15 mg of zaleplon,whereas the OKN and VOR gains were lower in the two dose groups of zaleplon(P<0.05) and restored to normal 3h after drug ingestion.Conclusion:Zaleplon is an ideal hypnotic for military personnel,and its hypnotic efficiency is dose-related under noise interference; a 15 mg dose of zaleplon could provide significantly better sleep than a 10 mg dose of zaleplon.

Psychomotor Development of Children Born Premature at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (Cameroon)

Premature infants are at risk for developmental delay. We assessed the psychomotor development of children born before 37 weeks of gestation.?Methods:?This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the Pediatric Department of the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital from January to May 2018. We used the Denver II scale to assess the psychomotor development of children born premature aged 9 months to 6 years. Children born between January 2012 and April 2017 at a gestational age strictly below 37 weeks of gestation were included. Using logistic regression, we searched for perinatal factors associated with abnormalities of psychomotor developmental.?Results:?We included 50 children in our study, 60% of whom were boys, giving a sex ratio of 1.5. The mean age was 25 ± 19.5 months. The mean gestational age was 33 ± 2.2 weeks and the mean birth weight was 2178.68 ± 748.01 g. The average Developmental Quotient of the population was 108. Six children (12%) had a global developmental delay (DQ ?70), 22% of the children had a language delay. Convulsion was associated with motor delay (OR = 16;P = 0.03), and pregnancy monitoring a protective factor for language delay (P = 0.02).?Conclusion:?Improving perinatal care remains a preoccupying issue. The assessment of psychomotor development should be done until early childhood to enable early diagnosis of learning disabilities.

CT Aspects of Psychomotor Delays in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years at Bogodogo University Hospital (Ouagadougou)

Background: Psychomotor delays in children are mainly investigated by CT imaging, due to the low availability and accessibility of magnetic resonance imaging in our context. Our aim was to study the CT aspects of psychomotor retardation (PMR) in children under 5 years of age at the University Hospital of Ouagadougou. Materials and Methods: Descriptive study with retrospective collection carried out over a period of twelve months (from September 2020 to August 2021). Our study focused on the reports of cranioencephalic CT scans performed on children aged 0 to 5 years, in whom a clinical diagnosis of psychomotor retardation had been made. Variables studied included socio-demographic data, clinical data, technique of CT examination, description of lesions and normality or not of the conclusion. Results: Cranioencephalic CT in children aged 0 - 5 years represented 9.78% of all CT scans performed in this age group. The sex ratio was 1.39. The mean age of the subjects in these reports was 18.31 ± 13.97 months and the modal class was [13 - 24] months. The CT scan was considered pathological in 85.10% of cases (n = 57). The most frequently noted encephalic anomalies were cerebral atrophy isolated in 54.4% of the cases (n = 31) or associated with other lesions in 30.1% of the cases (n = 17). Hydrocephalus was noted in 19.5% of the cases (n = 11). Conclusion: The lesions were mostly sequelae of cerebral ischaemia or cerebromeningeal infections. There were few cerebral malformations. There was no tumour etiology noted.

Physical,mental and psychomotor development of children born after multifetal pregnancy reduction:a retrospective case-control study

Objective:To assess the perinatal and developmental outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies(ART) children born after multifetal pregnancy reduction(MPR). Methods:Twenty-four ART children born after MPR were compared to 9 triplets without MPR,and 24 matched IVF children without MPR and 24 naturally conceived.Mental and psychological development was assessed by Bayley Scales.of Infant.The outcomes compared included perinatal characteristics,body mass index(BMI), mental development index(MDI) and psychomotor development index(PDI). Results:MPR singletons/twins had better neonatal outcomes than non-MPR triplets.Moreover,PDI of the MPR singletons/twins was significantly higher than that of the non-MPR triplets.There were no significantly difference in perinatal characteristics,BMI,MDI and PDI among 24 MPR children,24 matched IVF children without MPR and 24 matched naturally conceived children. Conclusion:Multifetal pregnancy reduction could improve perinatal outcomes and would not affect physical, mental and psychomotor development for children born after it.

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on human psychomotor performance:A review

Psychomotor performance is the coordination of a sensory or ideational(cognitive)process and a motor activity.All sensorimotor processes involved in planning and execution of voluntary movements need oxygen supply and seem to be significantly disrupted in states of hypoxia.Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has become a widely used treatment in routine medicine and sport medicine due to its beneficial effects on different aspects of human physiology and performance.This paper presents state-of-the-art data on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on different aspects of human psychomotor function.The therapy’s influence on musculoskeletal properties and motor abilities as well as the effects of hyperbaric oxygenation on cognitive,myocardial and pulmonary functions are presented.In this review the molecular and physiological processes related to human psychomotor performance in response to hyperbaric oxygen are discussed to contribute to this fast-growing field of research in integrative medicine.

精神运动康复对住院青壮年精神分裂症患者康复的效果

背景精神分裂症患者的康复主要依靠药物治疗,然而,单纯药物治疗对患者社会功能和生活质量的改善难以达到预期效果。近年来,非药物康复措施越来越多地应用于精神障碍的治疗中,但关于精神运动康复对住院青壮年精神分裂症患者康复效果影响的研究有限。目的探讨精神运动康复对住院青壮年精神分裂症患者康复效果的影响,以期为住院青壮年精神分裂症患者的康复治疗提供参考。方法选取2021年6月—2022年6月在芜湖市第四人民医院住院治疗的、符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)精神分裂症诊断标准的104例青壮年患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各52例。研究组和对照组均接受利培酮(2~4 mg/d)治疗及常规护理,研究组此基础上接受为期12周、每周2~3次、每次45~55 min的精神运动康复,对照组在研究结束后接受相同干预。于干预前、干预第4、8、12周接受阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、住院精神病人社会功能评定量表(SSPI)和自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)评定。结果PANSS阳性症状分量表评分、阴性症状分量表评分、一般精神病理分量表评分、总评分、SSPI评分以及ITAQ评分的时间效应均有统计学意义(F=33.989、204.245、82.817、279.596、26.144、7.463,P均<0.01);PANSS阴性症状分量表评分、一般精神病理分量表评分、总评分和SSPI评分以及ITAQ评分的组间效应均有统计学意义(F=30.053、5.306、33.417、33.013、18.608,P<0.05或0.01);PANSS阳性症状分量表评分、阴性症状分量表评分、一般精神病理分量表评分、总评分和SSPI评分的时间与组间交互效应均有统计学意义(F=3.472、9.798、3.843、14.390、20.661,P<0.05或0.01)。干预第12周,研究组PANSS总评分及各分量表评分均低于干预前,SSPI评分高于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01),且研究组PANSS总评分及各分量表评分均低于对照组,SSPI评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论精神运动康复可能有助于改善住院青壮年精神分裂症患者的精神病性症状和社会功能,提高康复效果。

精神运动康复对稳定期精神分裂症患者抑郁情绪的疗效观察

目的评估精神运动康复对稳定期精神分裂症患者抑郁情绪的影响。方法采用随机对照试验设计,共选择68例住院的稳定期精神分裂症患者,随机分配至观察组(34例)和对照组(34例)。对照组接受常规治疗,观察组在对照组的治疗基础上增加精神运动康复治疗,治疗周期为16周。使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表(CDSS)于治疗前(0周)和治疗后(16周)对患者的抑郁症状进行评估。结果治疗16周后,与对照组相比,观察组的SDS和CDSS评分显著降低(P<0.05)。结论精神运动康复治疗能显著改善住院稳定期精神分裂症患者的抑郁情绪,SDS和CDSS的综合应用在评估治疗效果方面具有重要价值。这一发现为临床将精神运动康复纳入精神分裂症患者的康复治疗提供了实证支持。

运动康复和适应性身体活动对痉挛性脑性瘫痪儿童青少年心理运动功能、运动功能和动作发展的效益:基于ICF的循证研究

目的 系统评价运动康复和适应性身体活动对痉挛性脑瘫儿童心理运动功能、运动功能和动作发展影响的相关证据。方法 在PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和中国知网检索相关文献,时间范围为2010年1月至2023年6月。基于《国际疾病分类第十一次修订本》和《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》对文献内容进行解析和编码,并进行循证证据研究。结果 共纳入9篇文献,来自丹麦、韩国、澳大利亚、沙特阿拉伯、加纳、印度、日本,发表时间2015年至2022年。干预类型主要涉及运动康复(包括物理治疗)和适应性身体活动。运动康复包括上肢力量训练、下肢力量训练、平衡和协调训练、步态训练、功能性有氧运动、伸展和柔韧性练习、灵活性训练、肌肉放松技术;每次10~50 min,每周2~6次,身体活动强度为低~高,持续6~20周。适应性身体活动主要涉及适应性跑步训练、虚拟游戏;每次60 min,每周2~4次,身体活动强度为中至高强度,持续6~12周。干预场所主要为医疗和康复机构、学校、家庭社区。干预人员主要包括职业物理治疗师、大学研究人员、社区卫生人员和教师。干预结局主要体现在4个方面:心理运动功能、运动功能、动作发展、生活质量与福祉。在心理运动功能方面,脑瘫儿童青少年掌握跑步功能和知识,增强平衡反应能力。在运动功能方面,脑瘫儿童青少年肌力增加,肌肉耐力增强,肌张力扩大;步态功能、步行功能、步态对称性改善;行走耐力提高;站立功能改善;动态平衡改善;平衡控制能力改善。在动作发展方面,日常生活活动能力提高,学校以及闲暇时间休闲活动参与水平提高,运动范围扩大。在生活质量与福祉方面,脑瘫儿童青少年自信心和自尊心增强,疼痛缓解,社会幸福感和接受度提升。结论 本研究系统评价运动康复和适应性身体活动对痉挛性脑瘫儿童和青少年心理运动功能、运动功能和动作发展益处的相关证据。在心理运动功能领域,运动康复和适应性身体活动有助于改善痉挛性脑瘫儿童青少年的认知和运动功能;在运动功能方面,运动康复和适应性身体活动能改善肌肉相关功能、步态和步行功能,以及平衡与协调能力;在动作发展方面,运动康复和适应性身体活动显著提高日常生活活动能力和休闲身体活动参与水平;在生活质量与福祉方面,运动康复和适应性身体活动能够增强能量和驱力,缓解疼痛,提高社会幸福感和接受度。

重复经颅磁刺激联合感觉统合训练促进精神运动发育迟缓患儿康复的效果

目的:分析重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合感觉统合训练对精神运动发育迟缓患儿康复的促进效果。方法:采取前瞻性随机对照研究方法,选取2020年6月—2022年6月于新余市妇幼保健院儿童神经康复科就诊的110例精神运动发育迟缓患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,各55例。对照组采用感觉统合训练,观察组采用rTMS联合感觉统合训练,两组均干预6个月。比较干预前后两组粗大运动功能及发育商。结果:干预6个月后,两组卧位与翻身、坐位、爬与跪、站立位及行走与跑跳评分均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预6个月后,两组发育商均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:r TMS联合感觉统合训练可有效促进精神运动发育迟缓患儿粗大运动功能、提高患儿发育商。

精神运动康复管理在老年患者跌倒风险干预中的应用效果

目的:探讨精神运动康复管理在老年患者跌倒风险干预中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年5—6月贵州航天医院收治的179例老年患者作为研究对象,将入院顺序编号为偶数的患者纳入观察组,入院顺序编号为奇数的患者纳入对照组。对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上开展精神运动康复管理。比较两组生活能力、预防跌倒知信行评分。结果:干预后,观察组日常生活活动能力评估量表评分高于干预前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组知识、态度、行为评分高于干预前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:精神运动康复管理在老年患者跌倒风险干预中的应用效果显著,可改善患者生活能力及预防跌倒知信行情况。

飞行签派员警觉性预测三过程模型

为解决民航飞行签派员警觉性预测问题,在国际通用的警觉性理论基础上,通过电子手环监测与精神运动能力测试(PVT)数据分析,构建面向民航飞行签派员的警觉性预测三过程模型(TPMA)。首先,从国内大型运输航空公司的一线值班飞行签派员中选取120名被试,在40 h睡眠剥夺条件下定时采集体温数据,并对被试进行PVT测试;其次,使用余弦分析法确定相位,根据测试数据,确定模型的上下渐近线,睡眠转换阈值等关键参数;然后,通过提前唤醒,测试修正睡眠惯性过程;最后,测试120名被试用以验证模型,并额外选取3组不同排班方式的被试开展独立验证。结果表明:二谐量的余弦函数可以很好地拟合体温数据,拟合相位为16.88,警觉性昼夜节律参数为-55 ms/℃,上下渐近线分别为750、200 ms,睡眠转换阈值为437 ms;TPMA预测结果与规律作息测试数据拟合优度大于0.90,与实际工作条件下测试数据的拟合优度大于0.81。提出的飞行签派员TPMA具有较好的稳定性和适用性。

Outcome of Very Premature Newborns in a Referral Hospital in a Resource-Limited Setting

Background: In Cameroon, prematurity is considered among the first cause of neonatal mortality and the main cause of sequelae in children under 5 years old. Although some local teams have studied the causes of neonatal deaths, the survival of the very preterm babies in our context remains poorly known. Patients and Methods: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study with both a retrospective and prospective data collection, covering a period of 5 years and 8 months, including 120 participants who presented with very preterm birth. Socio-demographic, anamnestic, and outcome features were studied. The assessment of the child’s psychomotor development was evaluated trough gross motor skills, fine motor skills, language and social contact. We calculated the development quotient (DQ) by dividing the developmental age (DA) by the actual age (RA) of the patient. Qualitative variables were expressed as numbers and percentages and quantitative variables as means ± standard deviations. Results: At the clinic, 23.8% of the children developed cerebral palsy, 3.1% had cerebral palsy with mental delay, and 6.6% had praxis disorders. Hearing impairment was observed in 6.3% of the survivors, visual impairment in 9%, and swallowing disorders in 7.6%. The mean developmental quotient was (89.98 ± 19.7) with a median of 93. A delay in developmental milestones was observed in 10.8%, speech disorder in 57%, severe malnutrition in 7.7%. The mortality rate was 48.5%. Conclusion: Very preterm birth is associated with a higher risk of neonatal death. Cognitive and motor disorders should not be underestimated. The harmonised management of very premature babies is highly recommended in our context for early diagnosis of sequelae.

近亲婚配致WDR73纯合突变相关Galloway-Mowat综合征家系基因检测及生物信息学分析

背景Galloway-Mowat综合征是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传神经退行性疾病,多发生于父母为近亲婚配的家庭,国内报道较少。目的通过分析1例近亲婚配致WDR73纯合突变相关的Galloway-Mowat综合征患儿及其家系基因特点,了解该病遗传学特征。方法收集解放军总医院第一医学中心儿科2021年10月收治的1例Galloway-Mowat综合征患儿及其家族临床资料,对患儿及其父母外周血进行全外显子基因检测,并对部分家族成员进行一代测序验证。结果患儿男,11月龄,于3月龄发现不能追视,并伴精神运动发育落后。视觉诱发电位提示双眼视神经传导功能重度阻滞,头颅MRI显示胼胝体薄,侧脑室前脚变钝,髓鞘化延迟。基因检测发现WDR73基因纯合移码突变c.972_973dup(p.F325Sfs*10),明确诊断为Galloway-Mowat综合征。患儿父母为近亲结婚,父母为该基因突变位点携带者。结论本研究扩展了Galloway-Mowat综合征的基因谱。近亲婚配会增加隐性遗传病的发病率。

STAMBP基因变异引起小头畸形-毛细血管畸形综合征1例

报告1例STAMBP基因变异所致小头畸形-毛细血管畸形(microcephaly-capillary malformation,MIC-CAP)综合征,以期提高临床诊治经验。患儿,男,3月龄,以“反复抽搐”起病,主要表现为多种形式的癫痫发作、逐渐加重的小头畸形、皮肤多发性小毛细血管瘤以及全身肌张力低下。基因检测提示STAMBP基因复合杂合变异,父母均为杂合携带者。先后予多种抗癫痫发作药物及生酮饮食,仍有频繁癫痫发作,后行胼胝体切开术,随访至4岁10月,术后Engel分级IV级。对国外同类报告中22例患者临床资料分析,除严重精神运动发育迟滞、小头畸形、皮肤毛细血管畸形外,早发性药物难治性癫痫同样是MIC-CAP综合征的主要特征,其临床较为罕见,预后不良,胼胝体切开术可能短期内有助于减轻癫痫发作,但远期疗效欠佳,STAMBP基因是导致此综合征主要责任基因。

学校环境下适应性体育课程促进智力与发展性残疾儿童心理运动发展的系统综述

目的分析学校环境下适应性体育课程中的体育活动对智力与发展性残疾儿童心理运动发展的效益。方法检索EBSCO,PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和中国知网。收集建库至2023年5月公开发表的智力与发展性残疾儿童适应性体育课程以及心理运动发展相关的文献,进行系统综述。结果纳入7篇英文随机对照试验,来自4个国家,涉及236例被试,年龄6~18岁。主要来源体育运动与心理运动、发展障碍、适应性体育、儿童心理运动相关领域期刊,发表时间集中在2016年之后。学校环境下适应性体育课程中的身体活动内容主要包括肌肉和平衡训练、感知动作训练、上下楼梯、使用器材(如跑步机、步机、交叉训练机和固定自行车)的有氧运动、仰卧起坐、跳跃运动、律动性活动、专注于视觉输入的同时静态和动态平衡活动、以不同的节奏改变位置并在空间中移动、呼吸和伸展运动、适应性乒乓球运动技能训练、球的控制练习、手眼协调练习,干预强度为轻度至中等强度,每次45~60 min,每周1~5次,持续8~12周。促进心理运动发展的效益包括:加强节奏感知能力以及提高视觉、听觉、触觉的综合感知能力;显著改善肌肉力量和耐力、总运动能力、精细运动能力如精细运动整合、跑步速度和敏捷性、平衡性;改善身体灵活性和协调性,如上肢协调能力、静态平衡、力量和灵活性;改善正确反应、持续反应和概念水平的反应能力,提高运动灵活性和敏捷性;显著改善生活自理能力(自助饮食、自助穿衣、自我指导),仰卧起坐达到标准次数显著增多,跳跃拿球的成功率提高,运动技能熟练程度和执行功能都得到显著改善。结论本系统综述根据PRISMA指南构建了学校环境下智力与发展性残疾儿童通过适应性体育课程参与体育活动促进心理运动发展的PICO架构。适应性体育课程促进智力与发展性残疾儿童心理运动发展主要体现在5个方面:感知、运动控制、协调、反应时间、动作计划和执行。

多感官联合刺激干预对老年中重度阿尔茨海默病患者激越行为的影响

目的探讨多感官联合刺激干预对阿尔茨海默病患者激越行为的影响。方法选取某医院老年精神科2个病区的阿尔茨海默病住院患者,一个病区为对照组(n=17),给予阿尔茨海默病常规护理;另一个病区为试验组(n=18),在对照组基础上增加头部触摸、玩偶疗法、音乐疗法多感官联合刺激干预,导入阶段1周,正式干预8周。采用Cohen-Mansfield激越行为量表,比较2组患者干预前后激越行为评分。结果干预8周后,试验组激越行为评分为(94.72±3.74)分,低于干预前的(112.33±4.97)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组激越行为评分干预后为(109.88±6.64)分,与干预前的(111.59±6.86)分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后试验组评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多感官联合刺激干预可以减少阿尔茨海默病患者的激越行为。

抑郁障碍患者精神运动性迟滞与血浆G-CSF、M-CSF水平的相关性

背景抑郁障碍的发病机制与神经炎症密切相关,且异质性高,细化亚型有助于明确抑郁障碍的生物标志物。精神运动性迟滞严重影响抑郁障碍转归,但其机制尚不清楚。既往研究提示,粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)可能参与伴精神运动性迟滞的抑郁障碍发生过程,但目前研究不足。目的 分析抑郁障碍患者G-CSF和M-CSF水平与精神运动性迟滞的相关性,探索伴精神运动性迟滞抑郁障碍的潜在生物学特征。方法 纳入2018年4月―2019年4月在上海市精神卫生中心门诊就诊、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第5版)》(DSM-5)诊断标准的50例抑郁障碍患者为研究对象。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)评定抑郁障碍严重程度。根据HAMD-17迟滞因子评分对患者分组:该因子评分≥8分者为迟滞组(n=22),<8分者为无迟滞组(n=28)。同期招募与患者组年龄和性别相匹配的健康对照组共22例。使用Luminex液相悬浮芯片技术检测所有受试者血浆G-CSF和M-CSF水平。采用Spearman相关分析考查抑郁障碍患者HAMD-17迟滞因子评分与血浆G-CSF和M-CSF水平的关系。结果 抑郁障碍患者血浆G-CSF水平低于健康对照组[57.34(39.24,83.15)pg/mL vs. 71.47(61.20,79.99)pg/mL,Z=-2.098,P<0.05]。迟滞组、无迟滞组、健康对照组血浆G-CSF水平差异有统计学意义[63.92(54.60,89.43)pg/mL vs. 47.80(33.41,74.66)pg/mL vs. 71.47(61.20,79.99)pg/mL,H=8.247,P=0.016],三组血浆M-CSF水平差异有统计学意义[20.05(16.05,22.23)pg/mL vs. 13.05(11.43,17.50)pg/mL vs.18.95(14.59,22.88)pg/mL,H=7.620,P=0.022]。事后两两比较显示,无迟滞组血浆G-CSF水平低于健康对照组(调整后P<0.05),迟滞组血浆M-CSF水平高于无迟滞组(调整后P<0.05)。抑郁障碍患者HAMD-17迟滞因子评分与血浆M-CSF水平呈正相关(r=0.348,P<0.05)。结论 抑郁障碍患者精神运动性迟滞可能与血浆M-CSF水平升高有关。