A Pragmatic Analysis of Public Signs in Chinese-English Translation——Based on the Example of Shaoguan National Forest Park

With the rapid development of economy and close international exchanges, the English translation of public signs is in-creasingly important and cannot be ignored. This paper takes Shaoguan National Forest Park as an example to analyze its publicsigns translation and points out some pragmatic failures from two aspects:pragmatic language failures and social pragmatic failures.Also, the paper puts forward some suggestions based on the translation error analysis.

Value Assessment of Ecosystem Service Function of Ecological Public Welfare Forests in Wenchang City

Based on the measurement parameters and index in the Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China(LY/T 1721-2008),the value of ecological service functions of ecological public welfare forest in Wenchang City was evaluated and analyzed.The results show that the total value of ecosystem service function of ecological public welfare forests in Wenchang City is about 4.020 billion yuan,of which storage capacity,water purification,soil fixation,fertilizer(N,P and K fertilizer) conservation,carbon sequestration,oxygen release,forest nutrient accumulation,providing anion,absorbing SO_2,absorbing fluoride,absorbing NxO,absorbing soil heavy metals,dust retention,noise reduction,sterilization,forest protection,forest biodiversity protection,and forest recreation(ecological tourism) are about 1.510 billion,582.256 million,3.769 million,268.220 million,116.360 million,2.747 million,22.682 million,42.817 million,1.722 million,74,600,131,900,187.918 million,77.409 million,28.721 million,43.090 million,180.696 million,571.036 million,and 108.677 million yuan

Comparative Study on Public Forest Management and Forest Law in France and USA

Though public forests in countries take up a small portion of forests, their importance in respect of environmental side looms large gradually. This paper studies and compares the public forest management and forest laws in France and the USA, attempting to explore the forest operation practice in both countries and the emphasis of the law governing forest management, so that a lesson can be drawn for us to learn in China.

Construction and Management of Public Welfare Forest in Hainan Province

Through investigating ecological service functions of public welfare forest in Hainan Province, this paper explored type constitution and problems of its ecological service functional value, optimization of its scale and layout, promoted effective protection and benign development, and proposed strategies for the construction and management of public welfare forest in Hainan Province.

Discussion on the Concept of Forest Public Product Based on the Relationship of Modern Population, Resource and Environment

Based on the unbalanced relationship among modern population, resource and environment, as well as the weak awareness and supply-demand conflict of forest public product, the paper exposed the public product function of forestry and explained its meaning, then evaluated the traditional concepts of forestry, product, and forest products, and finally redefined the extension of forest products. On this basis, the concepts of forestry and public products were elaborated, and the connotation, characteristics and extension of forest public products were clearly defined and described.

An Empirical Research on Satisfaction of Tourism Public Service in National Forest Park

In recent years,leisure individual travel has become a trend of tourism development.Visitors are highly dependent on the public service system of scenic spots.The educational circles at home and abroad are paying more and more attention to the study of tourism public services.Based on the theory of tourist satisfaction evaluation,this paper made an empirical study on the tourism public service system of Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.It was found that there was a contradiction between the demand for tourism public services and the actual supply in Kunyu Mountain National Forest Park.Based on this,some measures were put forward,such as strengthening the construction of tourist information signs in scenic spots,strengthening the construction of communication facilities and convenient services for tourists,strengthening the training and supervision of service practitioners,and construction of organizations for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of tourists.

Impact of eco-efficiency compensation for public welfare forests on the incomes of farmers

The strategy of rural revitalization puts ecology and economic development at the same level,in order to explore whether the eco-efficiency compensation policy for public welfare forests can achieve a“win-win”for both ecology and people livelihood.This study probed into the consideration of income structure and used OLS analysis to conduct an empirical analysis on a sample of 443 households in Shaanxi Province.It was found that the eco-efficiency compensation for public welfare forests had not only a significantly positive effect on the forestry income and the total income of farm households,but also had a constructive influence on the non-forestry income,though smaller and less significant,which was closely attributed to the original income structures of these farm households.In addition,personal and household characteristics such as age,educational level and labor force size played decisive roles to nonforestry income and total income of farm households as well.

Recommendations for Construction and Management of Ecological Public Welfare Forest in Hainan Province

This paper firstly evaluated ecological service functions of ecological public welfare forest in Hainan Province. Then,it introduced value structure and existing problems of ecological service functions. Focusing on optimization and adjustment of scale and distribution of ecological public welfare forest,it came up with recommendations for construction and management of ecological public welfare forest in Hainan Province.

亚热带生态系统5种修复树种的光合特征

分析不同树种生长状况以及光合特征和不同树种光合能力的差异,为提高低效公益林质量提供依据。以苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla)、木荷(Schima superba)、浙江楠(Phoebe chekiangensis)、刨花楠(Machilus pauhoi)和红楠(Machilus thunbergii)等5种亚热带地区生态修复树种幼苗为试验对象,测定其生长指标、叶绿素质量分数、光合指标和叶绿素荧光指标,采用直角双曲线修正模型进行光响应曲线拟合以及估算光响应特征参数,并对各项指标进行单因素方差分析和相关性分析。结果表明:不同树种的生长指标和叶绿素质量分数之间存在显著差异(P<0.05);不同树种的光响应曲线均呈现出随光合有效辐射增加先直线上升后缓慢增高再有所下降的变化趋势,且光合特征参数存在显著差异(P<0.05);5种树种的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数(Ci)之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);光系统(PS)Ⅱ潜在荧光活性(Fv/Fo)和光系统(PS)Ⅱ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)表现为苦槠显著高于木荷、浙江楠和刨花楠;生长特征参数、光响应曲线特征参数和叶绿素荧光参数之间存在较强的相关性。因此,不同树种光环境适应情况差异较大,苦槠阳性特征显著,可选择低效公益林改造的林窗中心位置进行栽植;木荷对光环境适应范围广,可以作为林窗近中心位置的补植树种;浙江楠、刨花楠和红楠均属于耐阴性较强的树种,可选择林窗边缘位置或者阴坡、半阴坡林窗进行补植。

推进准公共森林生态产品价值实现:关键难题、破解路径与实践探索——基于数字赋能视角

准公共森林生态产品价值实现是对“两山”理念的呼应,其路径的探索是“两山”理念落地的关键。在明晰森林生态产品概念基础上,以排他性竞争性为线索探索森林生态产品价值实现理论逻辑,并厘清准公共森林生态产品价值实现在产权界定、交易成本、供需对接、数字技术应用等方面所面临的关键难题。数字技术的蓬勃发展为准公共森林生态产品价值实现提供了新契机,基于数字赋能视角提出破解关键难题的基本路径:加强顶层设计为价值实现提供引领;数字赋能森林资源确权;数字赋能林权抵(质)押贷款低交易成本和打破信息不对称壁垒;数字赋能林地流转低交易成本和供需有效对接。最后,以浙江龙泉市“益林富农”多跨场景应用为例,探讨了数字赋能推进准公共森林生态产品价值实现的可行路径。

Enhancing Sustainability in Forestry Using Material Flow Cost Accounting

Forestry is an applied science related to the sustainable management of natural resources. Many scientific disciplines influence forest science including ecology, economics and other social sciences. In this paper, it is proposed to promote the sustainable management of forest resources using a method coming from the Environmental Management Accounting discipline. The method is Material Flow Cost Accounting, which assists managers to recognize material and energy inefficiencies in production processes and create cost savings for the organization. Through a study of the methodology and using forestry examples, it is shown that Material Flow Cost Accounting can be a useful tool for forest managers, either in Public Forest Service, or other forestry organizations.

白龙江林区国家级重点公益林管理现状与发展对策

为切实加强白龙江林区国家级公益林建设管理、有效保护生态环境、提高公益林整体区域化建设水平,该文结合白龙江林区的实际情况,分别从建立健全管理结构、加强基础设施、拓宽资金来源、优化用人机制及建立公益林保护监测体系等方面提出了实施对策和建议,以期为维护国土生态安全、促进林区经济社会持续发展提供一定的参考和借鉴。

建水县石漠化综合治理中林业建设的主要内容及具体对策

石漠化是西南岩溶地区面临的重要环境问题,严重影响当地的生态环境和社会经济发展。建水县作为云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州下辖的一个县,石漠化问题同样严峻。为了有效地解决这一问题,综合治理石漠化成为当务之急。其中,林业建设作为石漠化综合治理的重要内容之一,对于恢复植被、保持水土和提高生态效益具有显著的作用。该文介绍了建水县石漠化的基本概况,并分析了石漠化综合治理中林业建设的主要内容,最后从科学规划、选择适宜的树种和采用科学的种植技术等方面提出了具体的对策建议。

曲靖市国有海寨林场公益林优化调整情况分析研究

本文通过对曲靖市国有海寨林场公益林的优化调整前后情况进行了分析研究。首先概述了海寨林场的自然环境状况和森林资源分布现状,指出了公益林优化调整前的情况。然后在此基础上,以2021年国土“三调”林地范围为依据,将2020年最新国家级、省级公益林数据与国土“三调”矢量数据叠加分析,在坚持生态优先,确保生态区位重要、生态状况脆弱区域林地得到有效保护的前提下,对海寨林场公益林优化调整情况进行详细地分析研究。最后对海寨林场公益林优化的结果进行了归纳总结,客观分析了公益林管理过程中存在的问题,并提出了相应的合理建议,使其能够精准支撑森林生态效益补偿制度,充分发挥公益林的生态效益和社会服务功能。

广西生态公益林区划现状及布局优化调整对策

生态公益林在保障地区生态安全方面具有不可替代的重要作用。广西是生态环境比较脆弱的地区,同时又是南方重要的商品林区。通过分析广西壮族自治区生态公益林区划布局现状及存在的问题,提出针对该区生态公益林的布局优化调整对策,建议以布局优化调整及建立经营管护机制为主要技术手段对广西生态公益林体系构建进行完善,进而推动地区整体生态环境可持续发展,保障社会生态安全,以达到促进该区生态环境更加优良、结构更加优化的目标。

贵州省天然林和公益林并轨管理体系探索

为科学、高效和精准地推动贵州省天然林和公益林并轨管理工作,提出并轨管理的相关措施,为支撑经济社会高质量发展提供生态保障。依据贵州省2022年林草生态综合监测数据,结合省内外实地调研,通过分析天然林保护和公益林管理现状、存在问题,提出实施并轨管理的具体措施。贵州省天然林和公益林重叠面积高达360.82万hm^(2),在法律层面上两者的管控措施相似,保护等级相当。补偿标准皆为每年240元·hm^(-2)。管理机构存在职能重叠、队伍庞大、补偿机制不完善、资金投入不足、护林员管理不健全等问题。实现天然林与公益林并轨管理,统一管理机构是基础,统筹资源底数是方法,规范政策制度是支撑和保障。

罗平县国家级公益林优化效果及对策研究

根据森林资源管理“一张图”与第三次全国国土调查数据融合,剔除国家级公益林在第三次全国国土调查数据为非林地,调出林权纠纷、成过熟人工商品林、林农不愿意纳入的地块,补入符合区划条件的地块。通过对权属、起源、生态区位、地类等因子进行分析得到优化结果,针对公益林管理过程中存在区划不精准、补偿低、无差别化、资金来源单一、执法力度不够、管护人员素质低等问题,提出了应加强宣传、分级管理、多形式多渠道筹集资金、提高补偿、林地管理、建立资源体系、纳入政府工作评价等建议;罗平公益林管理需改善补偿标准及方式,不断创新、提高经营水平,健全管理体系,依靠国家支持和社会参与,以推进罗平生态环境持续、健康发展的结论。

全国森林火灾形势及其时空聚集性特征分析

为进一步研究全国森林火灾发生的时间规律与空间聚集性特征,基于全国2004—2022年度、2015—2021年月度的森林火灾发生次数及2017年31个省(自治区、直辖市)水文地理条件数据,利用Prophet时间序列模型与模糊聚类分析法对森林火灾特征进行分析。结果表明:Prophet时间序列模型在森林火灾预测领域具有良好的适用性;时间规律方面,2004—2022年森林火灾次数呈先下降后上升再下降趋势,且季节因素影响突出,节假日影响因素不显著;空间聚集性方面,31个省(自治区、直辖市)可大致分为7个类别,其分类基本与地域特点有关。研究结果可为挖掘森林火灾时空分布及聚集性特征提供参考。

森林抚育经营技术要点与应用

为进一步优化森林抚育经营技术,本文对森林抚育经营的必要性进行分析,包括提高林木成活率与森林质量,保障生物多样性,以及提升林业资源效益等。探究森林抚育经营技术要点,包括公益林、用材林和人工乔木林等不同类别的森林抚育经营方式。提出森林抚育经营技术的应用措施,包括转变经营理念,制定科学的经营方案,增强生态保护意识。目的在于优化森林结构,提升森林资源的经济效益,促进林业高质量发展。

海南省基于国土“三调”底图的国家级公益林优化

为充分发挥全国第三次国土调查成果在国土空间规划中统一“底版”的作用,根据国家和海南省的工作部署和相关要求,海南省以国土“三调”数据和全省“多规合一”成果为底版,遵照《森林法》和《国家级公益林区划界定办法》等有关规定,全面优化落实了国家级公益林范围边界,海南省国家级公益林总体质量得到进一步提升,整体结构得到进一步优化,并与国土空间规划充分衔接,为海南省今后国家级公益林精准规范化管理奠定了良好基础。