Operational Problems and Countermeasures of Public Elective Courses in Higher Vocational Colleges and Universities Based on the Perspective of Academic Affairs Management:Taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an Example

With the vigorous development of higher vocational education,public elective courses,as one of the core components of the higher vocational curriculum system,occupy a pivotal position.Based on the perspective of academic affairs management and taking Guangdong C Vocational College as an example,this paper meticulously analyzes the operational problems in the declaration,setting,teaching,and management of public elective courses through questionnaire surveys and other methods.It also puts forward a series of targeted solutions,with a view to continuously improving the teaching quality and management level of public elective courses.

Hanoi Public TransportmTransformation by Management Using Action Research and Behavior Setting Theory

After the economic reforms in Vietnam, the number of motorbikes surged while public transport lost its passengers. No funds for investment available TRAMOC （Transport Management and Operation Centre）, the Transport Management and Operation Center started the experiment of transforming Hanoi Public Transport by management based on action research, introducing some interventions, which had shown to be effective in Europe. Phase I of the experimental approach was carried out with the smallest company that operated Line 32. The number of daily passengers surged from 1,700 to 8,000. In Phase II, the experiment was extended to the whole net. In 2001, there were 35,000 passengers per day, in 2010, there were 1 million; this is an increase of 3,000%. The result surpassed by far the expectations. The key for understanding the surprising results is the mode choice. 53% of the users are riders by choice; they have access to a car or motorbike. Simulation of the decisions as rational choice based on time needed for trips was proved to be quite accurate. Behavior was analyzed in the frame of behavior setting theory, which brings together urban structure and the design of the transport system. Success with introducing public transport needs a self-reliant leadership, which works with people in their real life situation. An urban transport system is part of the organized behavior of the people, who make use of the technical opportunities offered.

New Attempt for Building Rural Water Environment Management System Based on the Investigation and Analysis of Water Environment in Xianxia Town, Yudu County

Water environment is a part of ecological environment, and conservation of water environment has always been a focus of public attention in China, but water environment management in the vast countryside has been stuck in bottleneck. Based on the fi eld investigation in Xianxia Town, Yudu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, this paper explored the current situation of local water environment and the management diffi culties, then introduced the holistic view to integrate the linkage of government, market and society, proposed the universality of the individual case, and the new attempt centering on urban-rural integrated water environment management system with public participation mechanism, management subjects' benefit balance and coordination system, marketing operation mechanism and economic incentive mechanism as the extension.

Operations Management Perspectives in the Air Transport Management

The area of operations management has had a substantial effect on the today’s air transportation management.Having moved with huge demand from management to obtain a competitive advantage in the market,the airlines are utilizing advanced optimization techniques to develop decision support systems for operations management and control.In order to provide a service with high quality and low cost,airlines spend a tremendous amount of resources and effort to generate profitable and cost-effective fare classes,flight schedules,fleet plans,aircraft routes,crew scheduling,gate assignment,etc.In this paper,the techniques and operations management applications that are used in the air transportation industry are reviewed including demand forecasting,fleet assignment,aircraft routing,crew scheduling,runway scheduling problem and gate assignment.

Critical Factors in Financing and Management of Light Rail Transit Systems： Delphi Methodology Approach

In recent years, a large number of LRT （light rail transit） networks and tramways have been built in Spain using the tender system. The rhythm of construction has been such that very few analyses have been carried out and those that have were only partially done because the main participants involved had ulterior motives which impeded their having a critical and independent opinion of the projects carried out. Within this framework, the Delphi methodology presents itself as a very useful instrument, as the intrinsic advantages that it has added to the characteristic that the experts who participate in the project can remain anonymous without detracting value from the conclusions obtained as these are grouped together according to their worth.

Public Transportation Management Strategies in a Low-Carbon Economy

The importance of public transportation in social and economic development is undeniable.With the rising concerns of environmental pollution and resource depletion in recent times,China has made significant efforts to transition towards a low-carbon economy.To advance this transition,it is imperative to confront the obstacles faced by public transportation and enact effective management strategies that promote both economic and environmental sustainability.In this regard,the author has evaluated the existing status of public transit within the context of a low-carbon economy and put forth targeted management approaches.This research is expected to make a valuable contribution towards enhancing the quality of public transportation management.

A Preliminary Study of Just-in-Time Methods for a Seamless Public Transportation Information Framework

A seamless multimodal transit system has been a goal for transportation planners and users. Owing to the developments of advanced public transportation and telecom technologies such as automatic vehicle location (AVL) and real-time passenger information system, key just-in-time (JIT) concepts can now be realized in process design and coordinated scheduling to shape a seamless multimodal transit system. JIT refers to a production system that times both movements of goods during production and delivery from suppliers together. It meets the same logic for seamless multimodal services. Therefore, this study innovatively analyzes possible public transportation technologies for JIT uses;moreover, to layout the possible application frame-work of a transportation technology based JIT multimodal transit system for main station area in Taipei city. With this innovative framework, multimodal transit services can deliver to the right place at right time.

Examining Modal Shift to Public Transport in Developing Asian Cities:A Case Study in Hanoi City,Vietnam

Quite many Asian cities are facing the issues of motorcycle dominance,and to solve it these cities are developing urban mass rapid transit systems(i.e.,BRT and MRT)with an intention to attract a large number of motorcycle and car users.However,there might be uncertainties in shifting private transport users to new public transport systems,thereby risking the effectiveness of the investment in public transport.This study aims to examine the possibilities of modal shift to public transport by exploring current patterns of people’s travel behavior and anticipating their mode choice changes under policy intervention scenarios.Hanoi City,a typical motorcycle-dominated city in Asia,is selected for a case study.A stated preference survey is conducted and SP/RP mode choice models are estimated for different segments of urban transport market.It is revealed that a significant number of private transport users might still stick to motorcycle and car use despite aggressive improvements of public transport in the future.Trip chaining behavior and presence of school kid(s)in the family may prevent family members from shifting to public transport.A longer travel distance may not necessarily lead to a higher modal shift away from motorcycle.These findings would be helpful to guide policy making towards sustainable development of public transport systems and effective management of private transport in developing cities,especially whose motorcycles are rapidly increasing and being dominant.

Integrating transportation systems management and operations into the project life cycle from planning to construction： A synthesis of best practices

Guided by the federal highway administration （FHWA）, many states are promoting the implementation of transportation systems management and operations （TSM＆O） pro- grams. TSM＆O is traditionally managed by traffic engineers that focus on optimizing ef- ficiency and operations within a particular corridor utilizing common techniques such as re-timings and access modifications. With the emphasis moving towards maximizing current infrastructure, the practice of managing TSM＆O can be applied to all units and disciplines, within a transportation entity, for increased efficiency. One main reason of the stagnated integration is the lack of policies which could support the integration of TSM＆O strategies within the planning or design stages. This paper provides detailed guidance on how to apply TSM＆O strategies from the planning stages to the construction phase of any general transportation project. TSM＆O programs established around the nation are dis- cussed to understand the current initiatives underway and the best practices to create a robust and performance-based program. The developed TSM＆O project cycle process provides a detailed structure for the potential interactions between phases of a project and department staff as a key to ensure that the program achieves the highest level of opti- mization. Continuous evaluation must be undertaken by the agencies to ensure that theperformance of the system is at an optimal level. Developing performance measures, which accurately describe the objectives of the agency, is critical to ensure the plan to be brought to practice.

Operating Performance of Initial Public Offering Companies in Hong Kong

This study investigates the earnings performance of 418 initial public offerings （IPOs） listed on the stock exchange of Hong Kong. By analyzing several profitability measures of these 1PO companies from the third year prior to listing up to the fifth year post-listing, it is found that IPO companies＇ operating performances as a whole peak in the year of listing or the year preceding the listing, but exhibit a fall in post-issue profitability with the decline being most pronounced in the first financial year following the year in which the listing take place. Over 30% of these IPOs suffer a loss three years after the offerings. Deterioration of post-issue performance is found to be more severe for smaller finns, highly-geared companies, fast-growing enterprises, companies with lower ownership retention by original shareholders, and companies which have managed earnings upwards at the time of listing. These observations are consistent with the higher agency costs when firms go public and that managers have timed the issue at the peak of the companies＇ long-run performance. Further investigation confirms that IPO companies in general make use of income-increasing accruals to manage their earnings upwards in the year when they go public. The reversal of the accruals in post-issue years further exaggerates the decline in their profitability.

Potential Benefits of Increased Public Transit Ridership in Medium Sized Cities: A Case Study

At the beginning of the twentieth century, the United States was leading in the public transit sector, but following World War II, private automobiles became more affordable and gained popularity. Transportation infrastructure investments that increased road capacity further facilitated the increase in automobile use at the expense of reduced public transit ridership. With the increase of dependency on automobiles and the continuing growth of private automobile ownership and use, various problems became major challenges in big cities of USA. These include traffic congestion, air pollution, road and parking infrastructure costs, energy consumption, traffic safety, fewer mobility options for the non-drivers, and a decline in the image and use of public transit. This study uses a medium sized city, Birmingham as a case study to investigate the potential of public transit to reduce automobile trips and in turn improve the overall performance of the road network by addressing the abovementioned challenges. An agent-based simulation model was developed for the Birmingham metropolitan region using the Multi-agent Transport Simulation (MATSim) platform. Three scenarios were considered with gradually increased transit ridership to identify the benefits of increased public transit. Traffic volume, network average speed, and travel times were used as performance measures for the evaluation of the designated scenarios. Results suggest that modal shifts toward public transit and reduction in travel demand for an automobile can result in improvements in speed and travel time for all users. Therefore, investments for improving transit quality and frequency of service, as well as campaigns to improve the image of public transit and make it a mode of choice for transportation users can increase transit ridership and, in turn, improve network operations, thus are deemed worthy for medium sized cities.

公立医院设置科室运营助理的实践与思考

北京清华长庚医院基于现代组织理论,设置了科室运营管理助理岗位,系统规划了运营助理的岗位职责与运行机制、组建条件、技术路径,取得了一定的成效。但是科室运营助理的职能范围、隶属关系及其与科主任的关系等问题尚需进一步理顺,以为公立医院实现精细化运营管理和高质量发展提供经验借鉴。

北京某公立医院新院区筹备与初期运营实践

建设新院区是大型公立医院的重要发展战略之一,可以有效促进医疗资源扩容和合理布局,满足群众对优质医疗服务的需求。新院区的开办筹备和初期运营管理是其平稳运行、高质量发展的起点。本文介绍了北京某大型公立综合三甲医院新建院区开办筹备和初期运营管理的实践经验,为公立医院新院区的建设开办和多院区运营管理提供参考。

三级公立医院绩效考核背景下医院运营管理的研究

国家三级公立医院绩效考核开始于2019年,运营效率作为考核的一部分,相关的国家监测指标有9个,包含收支结构和费用控制。绩效考核是医改工作的有力抓手,也是加快现代医院管理制度建立的强劲推手。通过分析某三级甲等口腔专科医院在绩效考核背景下运营效率指标的得分情况,找出原因;并通过加强党建引领,做好医院运营管理体系架构顶层设计,加强医疗质量管理,落实医改相关政策,加强能耗管理,不断提高员工福利待遇,强化公立医院功能定位,提高医疗服务收入占比,绩效分配体现医务人员的劳动技术价值,提高运营管理能力,助推医院高质量发展。

公立医院高质量发展背景下医院运营管理工作的探索与思考

加强运营管理是公立医院高质量发展的重要内容,也是实现公立医院高质量发展的必然要求。坚持和加强党对公立医院的全面领导,建立不断完善的运营管理体系和长效机制,健全运营管理人才学习培养机制,以智慧医院建设为契机,提高医院智慧运营信息化管理水平,对公立医院高质量发展具有重要意义。

四网融合的信号系统方案研究

城市轨道交通、市域(郊)铁路和城际铁路建设均在向网络化运营推进,各种轨道交通之间的互联互通已经是工程建设必须面临的问题,而信号系统的兼容性则是实现各种轨道交通互联互通的一个基础条件。目前,CBTC系统和CTCS列控系统在各自轨道交通领域均处于统治性的市场地位,两种列控系统对土建条件的需求截然不同,由此导致工程规模、功能定位等各方面的重大差异。重点论述两种列控系统在运营能力、公交化运营等方面的差异,针对目前互联互通所面临的技术难点,提出解决方案,为后续工程设计提供一个可行的思路。

公立医院高质量发展几个相关文件的分析与思考

文章围绕国家近期对公立医院高质量发展的文件进行分析,公立医院高质量发展以建立健全现代医院管理制度为目标,坚持公益性,通过制度建设和优化工作流程,推动医院管理模式和运行方式转变,实现可持续发展。以三级公立医院绩效考核工作为抓手,坚持党建引领,充分发挥党的领导作用,坚持公益性,坚持以人民为中心,以评促改,以评促建。通过加强内部运营管理,构建运营管理组织体系,加强对医院自身物资、资产、人员、项目等核心资源的精细化管理和提高使用效率。以智慧医院建设为契机,促进业务与资源管理深度融合,增收节支,不断提升医院运行效率,助力医院高质量发展。

基于价值医疗理念的公立医院DRG运营管理策略实证研究

目的探讨基于价值医疗理念的公立医院DRG运营管理策略对医院运营的影响。方法采用类实验研究方法,从病案质量、服务产能、服务效率、医疗质量与安全、满意度以及经济性6个维度,对医院综合管理成效进行深入评价与分析。结果实施基于价值医疗理念的公立医院DRG运营管理策略后,医院的各项评价指标均有显著改善。在临床科室层面,CMI值增长,平均住院日、费用消耗指数、时间消耗指数、死亡率均有所下降,且次均费用在合理范围内波动。结论基于价值医疗理念的公立医院DRG运营管理策略能够有效提升医疗服务综合绩效,实现提质、降本、增效,为患者提供具有价值的医疗服务。

项目管理在公立医院等级评审中的应用

在各级公立医院整体医疗服务能力与综合实力评价中,等级评审是非常重要的评估方法,可以从多角度、全方位了解医院运行和管理情况,在此基础上对医院总体情况进行评估,医院的整体服务能力体现更加全面。随着医改的深入以及公立医院高质量发展的新要求,各级医院开始运用项目管理对院内各项事务进行管理。淮安某大型公立医院将项目管理方法应用于医院等级评审,从项目启动、项目计划、项目执行与监管到项目结束,结合各种管理工具,使得工作计划更有系统性、目标更明确、项目执行更有重点、团队更有凝聚力,最终顺利完成医院等级评审全过程,为公立医院高质量发展提供新思路。

公立医院智慧运营管理信息化建设实现路径

当前公立医院智慧运营管理信息化建设面临诸多挑战,包括技术应用不足、管理体系滞后等问题。因此,有必要深入研究公立医院智慧运营管理信息化建设的实现路径,为其提供指导和支持。本文旨在探讨公立医院智慧运营管理信息化建设的实现路径,通过对现有信息化建设的分析和总结,结合医院管理实践,提出适合公立医院的智慧运营管理信息化建设方案,以期为公立医院提升管理水平、优化服务流程提供参考和指导。