绝经女性OSTA指数对baPWV的影响及对外周动脉硬化的预测价值

目的探究绝经女性亚洲骨质疏松自我评估工具(OSTA)指数对其臂-踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)和外周动脉硬化的影响及预测价值。方法纳入正常体检的1138例绝经女性并收集其一般临床资料,计算OSTA指数,测量baPWV,根据baPWV数值将其分为对照组(baPWV<1400 cm/s,539例)和外周动脉硬化组(baPWV≥1400 cm/s,599例)。采用线性回归、Logistic回归分析绝经女性OSTA指数对baPWV及外周动脉硬化的影响;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价其对外周动脉硬化的预测价值。结果外周动脉硬化组OSTA指数低于对照组[-0.40(-2.20,1.00)vs.0.40(-0.60,1.40),P<0.05];单因素线性回归分析显示OSTA指数为baPWV的影响因素,经校正危险因素后,多因素线性回归分析提示OSTA指数仍影响baPWV数值(P<0.05),线性回归方程为baPWV=-27.911-39.752×OSTA+6.444×收缩压+7.008×舒张压+11.506×同型半胱氨酸+27.942×超敏C反应蛋白。Logistic回归分析提示OSTA指数增高为外周动脉硬化的保护因素(OR=0.664,95%CI:0.535~0.823,P<0.001)。ROC曲线分析提示OSTA指数以-1.25为最佳截断点,预测外周动脉硬化的曲线下面积为0.619,敏感度为36.2%,特异度为86.3%。结论在绝经女性中,OSTA指数为baPWV的影响因素,可通过OSTA指数预测baPWV数值,OSTA指数增高是外周动脉硬化的保护因素。

Ankle-brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity are risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes

The incidence of ischemic stroke in patients with diabetes is increasing. While brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （BaPWV） and ankle-bra- chial index （ABI） are known to be associated with ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, whether these measures predict the risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease in diabetic patients remains unclear. 117 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. According to the results of head magnetic resonance imaging, the patients were divided into a diabetes-only group （n = 55） and a diabetes and ischemic stroke group （n = 62）. We then performed ABI and BaPWV examinations for all patients. Compared with the diabe- tes-only group, we found decreased ABI and increased BaPWV in the diabetes and ischemic stroke group. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that BaPWV and ABI were risk factors for ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings indicate that decreased ABI and increased BaPWV are objective indicators of increased risk of ischemic stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Serum Calcium Level is Associated with Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Middle-aged and Elderly Chinese

Objective To study the relation between serum calcium level and elevated BaPWV in Chinese subjects. Methods The relation between serum calcium level and elevated BaPWV was studied in 9 615 subjects. The mean value of left and right BaPWV was analyzed. BaPWV was defined as high when it was31 752.5 cm/s （the upper quartile） either side. Results The BaPWV and its elevated percentage progressively increased across the quartiles of the serum calcium level （P〈0.05）. The prevalence of elevated BaPWV was significantly higher in subjects of the second, third and highest quartiles than in those of the lowest quartile （26.9%, 28.4%, and 33.2%vs 23.7%, P=0.0116, P=0.0004, and P〈0.0001）. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of elevated BaPWV was 1.32- fold higher in subjects of the highest quartile than in those of the lowest quartile （OR=1.32, 95%CI：1.08-1.60）. Conclusion The elevated serum calcium level is related to an elevated BaPWV and a higher risk of arterial stiffness, independent of conventional risk factors, in middle-aged and elderly Chinese subjects.

ACE、APN及baPWV预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件的价值

目的 探讨血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、脂联素(APN)及肱踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件的价值。方法 选取2019年1月—2022年2月在我院治疗的糖尿病合并高血压患者138例,随访患者发生心脑血管事件情况,分析比较发生和未发生心脑血管事件患者ACE、APN、baPWV等临床资料差异。结果 发生心血管事件患者BMI、收缩压、甘油三酯(TG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、ACE和baPWV明显高于未发生心血管事件患者,而APN明显低于未发生心血管事件(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:BMI、收缩压、ACE、APN和baPWV是患者发生心血管事件的影响因素(P<0.05)。发生冠心病、缺血性脑卒中、心源性猝死和脑出血患者性别、年龄、ACE、APN、baPWV等临床资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ACE、APN和baPWV预测心血管事件发生的ROC曲线下面积比较,其中baPWV预测价值明显高于ACE和APN(P<0.05)。结论 ACE、APN及baPWV预测糖尿病合并高血压发生心脑血管事件有较好的应用价值。

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of carotid artery atherosclerosis in the elderly

Objective Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） is widely used as a simple noninvasive measure of arterial softness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of baPWV as a predictor of the carotid artery atherosclerosis in the elderly. Methods A total of 721 elderly participants （mean ~ SD age, 70.3 -4- 5.6years） were enrolled in the current study. All participant underwent both baPWV measurement and B-mode ultrasound for the intima-media thickness. Carotid atherosclerosis （CAS） was defined as the present of carotid plaque or and/or intima media thickness for at least 1.1 mm. Results A multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that age, sex, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, smoking and LDL-C level showed a significant correlation with the presence of CAS. The odds ratios of CAS associated with a 500cm/s increase of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were 2.378 [95% confidence interval, 1.36 to 4.00, P〈0.05], 3.733 [95% confidence interval, 1.729 to 8.058, P〈0.01], 4.438 [95% confidence interval, 1.659 to 11.803, P〈0.01]. The baPWV significantly correlated with IMT by bivariate correlation analysis （r=-0.39; p=0.001）. After adjusting for factors influencing, baPWV all the same correlated with IMT （r=-0.35; p=0.001）.Conclusion These results indicate that brachial-ankle PWV is an independent predictor of CAS in the elderly.It also means that the direct measurement of arterial stiffness by this simple method may be of great help for the evaluation of carotid artherosclerosis, at least in the elderly

The value of pulse wave velocity in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease

Objective: Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve to evaluate the value of pulse wave velocity (PWV) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: By using coronary angiography as golden diagnostic standard of CHD, 218 patients were divided into both CHD group (n=121) and non-CHD group (n = 97). All these patients received PWV test. The efficacy of PWV of each artery segments in the diagnosis of CHD was evaluated by ROC curve. The sensitivity and specificity were calculated with the golden diagnostic standard of CHD. Results:The PWV of right carotid to femoral artery (Rc-f), left carotid to femoral artery (Lc-f), right radial to carotid artery (Rc-r), left radial to carotid artery (Lc-r) in CHD group were significantly higher than that of non-CHD group (9. 31±1. 75 vs 7.60±1.59, P<0. 01; 9. 02±1.71 vs 7. 52±1.50, P<0. 01; 8. 69±1. 37 vs 8. 00±1. 27, P<0. 01; 8.52±1. 03 vs 8. 03±1. 2, P<0. 01 respectively). However, the PWV of both right and left femoral to ankle artery (Rf-a and Lf-a) had no significant differences between the two groups. We then compared the area under curve (AUC) of each ROC(AUCROC) of PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f Rc-r and Lc-r to evaluate their diagnostic efficacy for CHD. We found that AUCROC of Rc-f PWV was the biggest (AUCROC = 0. 818), at the peak point of its ROC curve, the PWV was 8. 32 m/s. PWV>8. 32 m/s of Rc-f could predict the presence of CHD with a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 77%. Conclusion: The PWV of Rc-f, Lc-f, Rc-r, Lc-r are significantly higher in CHD group than that in non-CHD group, and PWV of Rc-f is the most accurate in the detection of CHD. The PWV>8. 32 m/s of RC-F is a valuable predictor of CHD.

Relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and metabolic syndrome components in a Chinese population

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between arterial stiffness, as measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV）, and the presence of the metabolic syndrome （MS） in a Chinese population. A total of 4,445 subjects were enrolled. The prevalence of MS in for the general population, males and females, respectively. our study population was 21.7%, 17.2% and 25.6% With adjustments for age, gender, cigarette smoking, heart rate, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein （LDL） cholesterol, and the use of anti-hypertensive drug, the stepwise regression analysis showed that baPWV had a significant relationship with components of MS, including systolic blood pressure （P 〈 0.001）, diastolic blood pressure （P 〈 0.001）, glucose （P 〈 0.001）, highdensity lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol （P = 0.04）, and triglycerides （P 〈 0.001）, but no relationship with waist circumference （P = 0.25）. With an increase in the number of the MS components, baPWV increased significantly both in women and men. This study indicated that the MS is indeed a risk factor for arterial stiffness. Monitoring of baPWV in patients with MS may help in identifying persons at high risk for cardiovascular disease.

Relationship between the Plasma Fibulin-1 Levels,Pulse Wave Velocity,and Vascular Age in Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

Fibulin-1(FBLN-1),an elastin-associated extracellular matrix protein,has been found in blood and may play a role in the pathophysiological processes leading to cardiovascular disease(CVD).We aimed to investigate the relationship between fibulin-1 levels and the risk of CVD by evaluating vascular age derived from the Framingham Heart Study and brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity(baPWV)in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia(AHU).In total,66 patients with AHU and 66 gender-and age-matched healthy individuals were enrolled.The plasma fibulin-1 levels were measured by immunochemistry.Patients with AHU presented significantly higher vascular age[median(interquartile range):54(22)vs.48(14)years,P=0.01]and baPWV[mean±SD:1373±223 vs.1291±177 cm/s,P=0.02]than the healthy subjects;however,no significant difference was observed in the plasma fibulin-1 level between the patients with AHU and healthy subjects[median(interquartile range):4018(3838)vs.3099(3405)ng/mL,P=0.31].A correlation between fibulin-1 levels and baPWV was observed only in patients with AHU(r=0.29,P=0.02);and there was also a suggestively statistically significant correlation between fibulin-1 levels and vascular age(r=0.22,P=0.08).However,these associations were rendered insignificant after adjustments for potential confounders.In healthy subjects,no correlation was observed between fibulin-1 levels and CVD risk.This study reveals that plasma fibulin-1 levels may reflect the CVD risk in patients with AHU,but the relationship is not robust.

Altered heart rate variability and pulse-wave velocity after spinal cord injury

BACKGROUND Heart rate variability(HRV) and pulse-wave velocity(PWV),indicators of cardiac function,are altered in patients with spinal cord injury(SCI),suggesting that autonomic cardiac function and arterial stiffness may underlie the high risk of cardiovascular complications in these patients.No study has simultaneously investigated HRV and PWV in the same patients.AIM To evaluate cardiovascular complications in SCI patients by comparing HRV and PWV between patients with and without SCI.METHODS In this cross-sectional pilot study,patients with(n = 60) and without SCI(n = 60) were recruited from December 7,2019 to January 21,2020.Each participant received a five-minute assessment of HRV and the cardiovascular system using the Medicore HRV Analyzer SA-3000 P.Differences in HRV and PWV parameters between participants with and without SCI were statistically examined.RESULTS We observed a significant difference between participants with and without SCI with respect to the standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals,square root of the mean sum of squared successive risk ratio interval differences,physical stress index,total power,very-low frequency,low frequency,high frequency,and arterial elasticity.CONCLUSION Patients with SCI have weaker sympathetic and parasympathetic activity as well as lower arterial elasticity compared to those without,suggesting that SCI may increase cardiac function loading.

Association of Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and the Dynamic Changes in Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity with All-Cause Mortality among Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese

Objective We aimed to clarify the association between estimated pulse wave velocity(ePWV)and the changes in ePWV with all-cause mortality among middle-aged and elderly Chinese.Methods Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from 2011-2018.The ePWV was calculated using an equation that included age and mean blood pressure(MBP).The ΔePWV was assessed as the difference in ePWV between the first two waves.Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association between ePWV and ΔePWV with all-cause mortality after adjustment for potential confounders.Results Of 13,116 participants during a median follow-up of 7.0 years,1,356 deaths occurred.An increased ePWV was independently associated with all-cause mortality.The hazard ratio[95% confidence interval(CI)]for participants from the 1^(st)-4^(th) quartile groups was 1.00,1.69(1.31-2.18),3.09(2.44-3.91),and 8.54(6.78-10.75),respectively.Each standard deviation(SD)increment of ePWV increased the risk of all-cause mortality by 132%.Furthermore,theΔePWV was significantly associated with a 1.28-fold(95%CI,1.18-1.38)risk of all-cause mortality per SD increment.Conclusion This cohort study provided novel evidence from a Chinese population that an increased ePWV or progression of the ePWV was independently associated with all-cause mortality,which highlighted the importance of mitigating ePWV progression in clinical practice.

Local Pulse Wave Velocity Estimation in the Carotids Using Dynamic MR Sequences

The current study presents a new protocol for local pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement using dynamic MR sequences, which have a high temporal resolution (TR < 6 ms). MR images were obtained at two positions along the common carotid artery, separated by a distance of 5 cm. In each phase of a MR series, carotid region was automatically extracted and then its area distension waveform could be obtained. Sixteen volunteers with no symptoms of cardiovascular diseases were studied. For local PWV estimation, three delay estimation principles were tested and produced the following values: intersecting tangents method (M1): 4.72 ± 1.40 m/s, second derivative method (M2): 4.94 ± 1.68 m/s and cross-correlation method (M3): 5.03 ± 1.17 m/s. The cross-correlation method showed a relative high reliability as its least standard deviation.

Predictive Value of Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and All-cause Mortality in Different Age Groups of a Chinese Community

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(cf-Pw)for assessing major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and all-cause mortality in different age groups of a Chinese community.Methods:This is an observational study which enrolled 1,325 individuals from a community in Beijing from September 2007 to October 2018.They were classified based on age into<65-year-old(n=572)and≥65-year-old(n=753)groups,and on cf-PWV into cf-PWV<12 m/s(n=501)and cf-PWV≥12 m/s(n=824)group.The incidence rates of MACE and all-cause mortality were recorded for both the groups during the follow-up period of 9.5 years.The predictive value of cf-PWV for MACE and all-cause mortality in the 2 age groups was estimated using the Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results:The baseline cf-PWV showed positive correlation with age(r=0.462,P<0.001).During the follow-up period,191 MACE and 84 all-cause mortality cases were recorded in the study population.The incidence rates of MACE(χ^(2)=27.196,P<0.001)and all-cause mortality(χ^(2)=9.473,P=0.002)were significantly higher in subjects with cf-PWV≥12 m/s than in subjects with cf-PWV<12 m/s.Cox proportional hazards regression model analyses demonstrated that cf-PWV was an independent risk factor in the<65-year-old group for MACE(hazard ratio:1.310;95%confidence interval:1.007-1.560;P=0.038)and all-cause mortality(hazard ratio:1.412;95%confidence interval:1.133-1.936;P=0.005)after adjusting for several risk factors.However,both univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that cf-PWV was not an independent risk factor for MACE or all-cause mortality in the≥65-year-old group(P>0.05).Conclusion:cf-PWV,a measure of arterial stifness,emerged as an independent risk factor for MACE and all-cause mortality insubjectsbelow65yearsofage.

Correlations between ultrasonic pulse wave velocities and rock properties of quartz-mica schist

Physico-mechanical properties are critically important parameters for rocks. This study aims to examine some of the rock properties of quartz-mica schist（QMS） rocks in a cost-effective manner by establishing correlations between non-destructive and destructive tests. Using simple regression analysis, good correlations were obtained between the pulse wave velocities and the properties of QMS rocks. The results were further improved by using multiple regression analysis as compared to those obtained by the simple linear regression analysis. The results were also compared to the ones obtained by other empirical equations available. The general equations encompassing all types of rocks did not give reliable results of rock properties and showed large relative errors, ranging from 23% to 1146%. It is suggested that empirical correlations must be investigated separately for different types of rocks. The general empirical equations should not be used for the design and planning purposes before they are verified at least on one rock sample from the project site, as they may contain large unacceptable errors.

原发性高血压患者baPWV与PRC、PAC、ARR的相关性研究

目的探讨原发性高血压(essential hypertension,EH)患者臂踝脉搏波传导速度(brachial and ankle pulse wave conduction velocity,baPWV)与血浆肾素浓度(plasmaren in concentration,PRC)、血浆醛固酮浓度(plasma aldosterone concentration,PAC)及醛固酮/肾素(aldosterone to renin ratio,ARR)的相关性。方法随机收集2021年3~4月参与云南省安宁市“中国居民心血管病及其危险因素监测”项目的研究对象208例,根据有无EH将研究对象分为非EH组和EH组,分别采集两组的基本资料、血生化、PRC、PAC、ARR及baPWV等指标。采用Spearman相关性分析评价EH患者baPWV与PRC、PAC、ARR的相关性。结果两组体重指数(bogymass index,BMI)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)、PRC、ARR、baPWV比较,差异均有统计学意义。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,baPWV与PRC(r=-0.148,P=0.131)、PAC(r=0.095,P=0.333)均无相关性,而baPWV与ARR(r=0.095,P=0.027)呈正相关。结论EH患者baPWV与PRC、PAC无显著相关性,与ARR呈正相关,ARR可作为动脉粥样硬化的预测指标和影响因素。

甘油三酯-葡萄糖乘积指数与动脉硬化进展的回顾性队列研究

目的:胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)与动脉硬化和不良心血管病事件均存在密切关联。甘油三酯-葡萄糖(triglyceride-glucose,TyG)指数可作为评估IR的有效指标。本研究旨在探讨Ty G指数与动脉硬化进展风险的关系。方法:本研究为回顾性队列研究。选取2012年1月至2022年12月在中南大学湘雅三医院健康管理医学中心参加健康体检次数≥2且完成动脉硬化检测的成年人作为研究对象,收集其临床资料。TyG指数采用公式ln(甘油三酯×空腹血糖/2)计算。基线TyG指数分别以连续变量和四分位数的分类变量为自变量评价。动脉硬化进展采用臂踝脉搏波传导速度(brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity,baPWV)的年变化速率和新发动脉僵硬度增加为因变量评价。通过线性回归模型和Cox比例风险回归模型,探索TyG指数是否为动脉硬化进展的独立风险因素。根据年龄、性别、体重指数,以及是否合并2型糖尿病、高血压和高脂血症进行亚组分析,以确定TyG指数和动脉硬化进展之间的关联特征。结果:共纳入4971名研究对象,随访时间为(3.01±1.98)年。随访期间,baPWV的年变化速率为(24.94±81.15)cm/s,共计278例为新发动脉僵硬度增加。在全面校正混杂因素后,自变量为连续变量时,基线Ty G指数与baPWV的年变化速率(β=17.5,95%CI 9.00~25.94,P<0.001)和新发动脉僵硬度增加[风险比(hazard ratio,HR)=1.43,95%CI 1.18~1.74,P<0.001]呈独立正相关。自变量为分类变量时,与第1四分位数组相比,第2、3、4四分位数组的baPWV年变化速率依次增加,新发动脉僵硬度增加的风险也依次增高(均P<0.05)。年龄≥45岁、男性、BMI<28 kg/m2、高血压病、无高血压病、无2型糖尿病和无高脂血症亚组中,基线TyG指数(连续和分类变量)与新发动脉僵硬度增加具有明显关联(均P<0.05),各亚组均不存在显著的交互作用(均P>0.05)。结论:TyG指数与动脉硬化进展风险增加独立相关,可用作体检人群动脉硬化进展风险的评估指标。

基于声辐射力脉冲成像的诊断模型对胆道闭锁患儿肝纤维化的应用价值

目的分析基于声辐射力脉冲成像(ARFI)定量参数建立的无创诊断模型对胆道闭锁患儿肝纤维化的诊断价值。方法回顾性收集100例接受ARFI检查并行肝门-空肠吻合术(Kasai’s)治疗及肝组织活检的胆道闭锁患儿,男42例,女58例,平均年龄(68.79±8.79)d。根据活检病理结果分为肝纤维化组(71例)和非肝纤维化组(29例)。依据Metavir分级标准将肝纤维化分为5级:F0(29例)、F1(31例)、F2(24例)、F3(11例)、F4(5例)。2组临床资料和ARFI定量参数的比较采用t检验或χ^(2)检验;采用单因素方差分析比较肝纤维化不同分级间的剪切波速度(SWV)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响胆道闭锁患儿发生肝纤维化的独立危险因素,并构建基于ARFI定量参数的无创诊断模型。采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评价模型的诊断效能,计算其曲线下面积(AUC)。结果肝纤维化组血清中性粒细胞(NEUT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、层黏蛋白(LN)、透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-Col)浓度,以及SWV均高于非肝纤维化组(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,SWV、血清TBIL及LN、HA、PCⅢ、Ⅳ-Col浓度高是影响胆道闭锁患儿发生肝纤维化的危险因素(均P<0.05)。基于SWV的无创诊断模型诊断胆道闭锁患儿发生肝纤维化的最佳临界值为1.75 m/s,敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值、AUC分别为93.15%、70.09%、90.25%、88.80%、0.922。结论基于ARFI定量参数建立的无创诊断模型,可较为准确地诊断出胆道闭锁患儿是否存在肝纤维化,且具有较高的应用价值。

肥胖儿童臂-踝脉搏波传导速度影响因素分析

目的:探索肥胖儿童臂-踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)的改变,并分析其影响因素。方法:选择2021年6月至2022年10月于苏州大学附属儿童医院内分泌遗传代谢科及儿童保健科就诊的94例肥胖儿童和57例体检健康儿童。比较两组BMI、性别、年龄、血尿酸、血脂、空腹血糖和胰岛素、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(cIMT)、baPWV、BMI的Z分数(Z-BMI)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)等的差异。比较肥胖儿童中高血压组和正常血压组、青春期组和青春期前组baPWV的差异。采用多重线性回归分析baPWV的影响因素。结果:肥胖儿童的baPWV慢于健康儿童(P=0.036)。肥胖儿童中,高血压组的baPWV快于正常血压组,青春期组快于青春期前组(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示DBP和HOMA-IR是肥胖儿童baPWV的影响因素,B(95%CI)为10.959(4.745~17.173)和3.416(0.771~6.061)。结论:肥胖儿童baPWV与血压、HOMA-IR、青春期有关。

基于超极速脉搏波技术定量评估高血压患者颈动脉脉搏波速度指数的影响因素

目的基于超极速脉搏波(ufPWV)技术定量评估高血压患者颈动脉脉搏波速度指数(PWVI)的影响因素。方法选择2018年1月至2022年8月于江苏省中医院南京中医药大学附属医院行ufPWV检测的健康成年人121名为建模组,另招募208例高血压患者为试验组。收集所有受试者的一般资料、体格检查、实验室检查与ufPWV影像学检查结果,建模组利用多元逐步线性回归分析得出理论的弹性指标方程,然后利用该方程计算PWVI进一步分析各动脉粥样硬化危险因素对PWVI的影响。结果根据建模组得出理论的弹性方程为收缩终末脉搏波速度(PWVES)(m/s)=0.083×年龄(岁)+0.036×平均动脉压(mmHg)+0.681×性别(女=0,男=1)+0.164,据此将试验组分为弹性衰退组(n=115,PWVI≥0)及弹性正常组(n=93,PWVI﹤0),两组患者性别、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、空腹血糖、吸烟史比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),PWVI的增加与TC(r=0.251,P=0.006)、LDL(r=0.401,P﹤0.01)水平呈显著正相关,与HDL(r=-0.247,P﹤0.01)水平呈显著负相关。结论基于ufPWV技术检测动脉弹性指标PWV-ES及其计算所得的PWVI可以作为评估高血压患者动脉粥样硬化弹性衰退进展的无创且可靠的评估手段。

臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度与发生恶性肿瘤的关系

目的探讨臂踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与发生恶性肿瘤的关系。方法采用横断面研究方法,研究对象为参加2010至2017年健康体检且同时参加baPWV检测的开滦集团职工(41404例)。按照baPWV水平将观察对象分为3组,分别为baPWV<1400 cm/s、1400 cm/s≤baPWV<1800 cm/s和baPWV≥1800 cm/s。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析不同baPWV分组与恶性肿瘤的关系。结果观察对象年龄(48.1±12.1)岁,男性占71.9%。baPWV<1400 cm/s、1400 cm/s≤baPWV<1800 cm/s、baPWV≥1800 cm/s组发生恶性肿瘤比例分别为0.58%、0.77%、0.92%。多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示,校正混杂因素:年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、空腹血糖、平均动脉压、腰围、体重指数、总胆固醇和C-反应蛋白,与baPWV<1400 cm/s组比较,1400≤baPWV<1800 cm/s和baPWV≥1800 cm/s组观察对象发生恶性肿瘤的OR(95%CI)值分别为1.17(1.06~1.30)、1.47(1.28~1.70)(P<0.01)。结论动脉硬化与发生恶性肿瘤有关联。

各年龄段人群血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶与外周动脉硬化的相关性分析

目的:研究各年龄段人群血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)与外周动脉硬化的相关性。方法:以体检人群为研究对象,收集一般临床资料,采用免疫化学发光法测定血清NSE浓度,通过肱-踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)评估外周动脉硬化;根据年龄将研究人群分为3组:青年组(≤44岁)、中年组(45~59岁)和老年组(≥60岁),评估不同年龄组血清NSE水平与baPWV及外周动脉硬化的相关性。结果:共纳入7338名研究对象,青年组2847例,中年组3614例,老年组877例;各年龄组中,血清NSE浓度、收缩压、超敏C反应蛋白均为baPWV的独立影响因素(P<0.05),年龄越大,血清NSE浓度与baPWV相关性越高;各年龄组中,血清NSE浓度、心率、吸烟史、高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、肌酐、白细胞均为外周动脉硬化(baPWV≥1400 cm/s)的危险因素(P<0.05);青年组及中年组中,高密度脂蛋白是外周动脉硬化的保护因素(P<0.05)。按NSE浓度四分位数进一步将各组研究人群分为4组,校正分析影响外周动脉硬化的因素。结果提示,与Q1组相比,除青年组外,中年组及老年组发生外周动脉硬化的OR值均随NSE浓度梯度递增而逐步递增(P<0.05)。结论:各年龄组人群中,baPWV数值随血清NSE浓度增加而增加,NSE是外周动脉硬化的独立危险因素,随着NSE浓度梯度递增,中年及老年人群发生外周动脉硬化的风险也逐步递增。