Pulse Skipping Modulated Buck Converter - Modeling and Simulation

Modeling and simulation results of a pulse skipping modulated buck converter for applications involving a source with widely varying voltage conditions with loads requiring constant voltage from full load down to no load is presented. The pulses applied to the switch are blocked or released on output voltage crossing a predetermined value. The regulator worked satisfactorily over a wide input voltage range with good transient response but with higher ripple content. Input current spectrum indicates a good EMI performance with crowding of components at audio frequency range for the se-lected switching frequency.

基于BUCK恒流电路的LED光源调节控制技术研究

为了提高气溶胶激光雷达(ALD)的测量精准度,设计一套模拟光源来校准ALD的接收系统。将BUCK电路和嵌入式控制系统相结合,提出了一种高准确性、低功耗的ALD校准光源调节控制技术。首先,设计了LED光源的控制系统和LED恒流驱动的控制电路结构;其次,根据继电反馈控制和Ziegler Nichols(Z-N)法设计了LED工作电流的比例、积分和微分(PID)自整定算法;最后,通过实验验证了控制电路具有低功耗、高准确性的特点。

Carrier dynamic overlapping switching frequency optimal pulse width modulation method for modular multilevel converters

Modular multilevel converters(MMCs) operate in the low modulation index region in many applications.However, when utilized at the low modulation index region, large harmonics appear in the output voltage, which degrade the performance of the MMC. To improve the harmonic characteristic in the low modulation index, the carrier dynamic overlapping switching frequency optimal pulse width modulation(CDOSFOPWM) method is proposed for the MMC here. The whole modulation index region is divided into three regions: high modulation index region, middle modulation index region, and low modulation index region. The carrier amplitude, carrier overlap ratio, and frequency of triangular carriers are chosen dynamically according to the modulation index region of the modulation signals, to achieve the optimal harmonic characteristic in the whole modulation index region and maintain the switching loss. The number of on-state submodules(SMs) can be calculated by CDOSFOPWM, and the selection of SMs is performed by a reducing switching frequency voltage balancing algorithm. Finally, the proposed method is verified by simulation and experimental results.

High Performance Control of Matrix Converter Fed Induction Motor Drive System

Matrix converter fed motor drive is superior to pulse width modulation inverter drives since it not only provides bi-directional power flow,sinusoidal input/output currents,unity input power factor,but also allows a compact design due to the lack of DC-link capacitors for energy storage.In this paper,model and control of matrix converter fed induction motor drive system are analyzed.A combined control strategy is simplified and improved,which realizes space vector pulse width modulation of matrix converter and rotor flux oriented vector control technique for induction motor drive simultaneously.This control strategy combines the advantages of matrix converter with the good drive performance of vector control technique.Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Design of low-power high-frequency digital controlled DC-DC switching power converter

This paper models a low-power high-frequency digitally controlled synchronous rectifier （SR） OUCK converter. The converter is a hybrid system with three operation modes. Digital PID controler is used. Key problems such as quantization resolution of digital pulse-width modulation （DPWM） and steady-state limit cycles of digital control switching model power supply （SMPS） are discussed, with corresponding solutions presented. Simulation of a digital control synchronous buck is performed with a fixed-point algorithm. The results show that the described approach enables high-speed dynamic performance.

The Usage of the Digital Controller in Regulating Boost Converter

This paper proposes the modeling and simulation technique to analyze and design a Boost converter using generalized minimum variance method with discrete-time quasi-sliding mode to adjust the converter switch through a pulse width modulation (PWM), so as to enhance a stable output voltage. The control objective is to maintain the sensed output voltage stable, constant and equal to some constant reference voltage (8 volt) in the load resistance variation (24, 48, 240) Ω and input voltage variation (20, 24, 28) volt circumstances. This control strategy is very appropriate for the digitally controlled power converter and for the system requirement accomplishment, resulting high output voltage accuracy. The performance degradation in practical implementation can be expected due to noise, PWM nonlinearities, and components imperfection. The digital simulation using MATHLAB/Simulink is performed to validate the functionality of the system.

A General Approach for Direct Conversion of Single Phase AC to AC Converter for Induction Heating System

This paper signifies the study of modeling and simulation of a single phase matrix converter for induction heating system. The working principle and the control method, using PID are revealing in detail. The performance of the system is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink environment with pulse width modulation switching strategy by varying the duty cycle. PID control is employed to obtain the better performance for a specified input supply for various output frequencies. The proposed control strategy of AC to AC converter has been discussed with a wide range of operating frequencies and results in low Total Harmonic Distortion.

A Dual-Mode Step-up DC/DC Converter IC with Current-Limiting and EMI Reduction Techniques

This paper presents a novel dual-mode step-up （boost） DC/DC converter. Pulse-frequency modulation （PFM） is used to improve the efficiency at light load. This converter can operate between pulse-width modulation （PWM） and pulse-frequency modulation. The converter will operate in PFM mode at light load and in PWM mode at heavy load. The maximum conversion efficiency of this converter is 96%. The conversion efficiency is greatly improved when load current is below 100 mA. Additionally, a soft-start circuit and a variable-sawtooth frequency circuit are proposed in this paper. The former is used to avoid the large switching current at the start up of the converter and the latter is utilized to reduce the EMI of the converter.

抑制级联H 桥变换器共模电压的简化SVPWM 策略

为解决传统空间矢量调制策略难以拓展至高电平数级联H桥多电平变换器,以及抑制级联H桥多电平变换器调制策略实现过程中产生的共模电压的问题,本文提出一种简化空间矢量调制策略。该策略基于α'β'坐标系,通过判断空间矢量所处区域,得出其边界开关状态,再引入修正参数K对边界开关状态进行修正,以此提高策略的快速性并完成共模电压抑制。仿真和实验结果表明该策略实现简单,可以将级联H桥多电平变换器共模电压抑制在最小变化范围内。

高频链矩阵变换器直接功率反步控制策略

针对高频链矩阵变换器(HFLMC)电路前后级耦合导致系统动态性能和鲁棒性降低的问题,提出一种基于直接功率的非线性反步控制策略(BS-DPC)。首先,建立HFLMC非线性数学模型和有功、无功功率动态模型,分析双极性电流空间矢量调制策略;然后,在考虑系统不确定性情况下引入2个解耦控制分量,设计直流输出电流和无功功率反步控制器,实现电池不同工况下输出电流参考值的快速跟踪控制;最后,根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明HFLMC闭环系统全局渐进稳定性,并对比传统PI直接功率控制和BS-DPC策略。仿真和实验结果表明,所提BS-DPC策略控制HFLMC提高了输出电流的动态性能和电网波动及直流滤波电感变化下的鲁棒性,响应时间减少了约78%,网侧THD降低了0.98%。

一种新型三电平变换器中点电压平衡调制策略

在大功率轨道交通装备领域中,三电平变换器因具有众多优点,在实际中得到广泛应用,但是也存在中点电压不平衡这一固有问题。为解决三电平中点箝位(NPC)型变换器存在的中点电压不平衡问题,减少输出相电流畸变情况,提高系统运行稳定性,文章提出了一种基于分析中点电荷量的双自由度新型中点电压平衡调制策略。该调制策略首先从数学分析的角度介绍了三电平变换器直流侧中点电压不平衡问题的原因;之后分析了在空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术中,电压矢量输出序列对中点电压的影响;最后基于上述分析结果,改进传统的电压矢量输出序列,并基于改进序列的特点提出了一种新的双自由度中点电压平衡调制策略,通过双自由度的平衡因子调节作用时间。理论上,所提出的新型调制策略具有更多可控电荷量,相较于传统方法具有更良好的控制效果;仿真和试验结果验证了所提的新型调制策略对中点电压的控制效果具有更好的快速性和稳定性。综上所述,文章所提的新型双自由度调制策略可更有效解决三电平变换器存在的中点电压不平衡问题。

A low noise high efficiency buck DC-DC converter with sigma-delta modulation

Some research efforts to improve the efficiency and noise performance of buck DC-DC converters are explored.A carefully designed power MOSFET driver,including a dead time controller,discontinuous current mode（DCM） controller and gate width controller,is proposed to improve efficiency.Instead of PWM modulation, sigma-delta modulation is introduced into the feedback loop of the converter to move out the clock-referred harmonic spike.The proposed converter has been designed and fabricated by a 0.35μm CMOS process.Measured results show that the peak efficiency of the converter can reach 93%and sigma-delta modulation suppresses the harmonic spike by 30 dB over PWM modulation.

基于互补PWM控制的Buck/Boost双向变换器在超级电容器储能中的应用

超级电容器等快速储能技术在短时大功率应用中具有较好的技术经济性,非常适宜于微型电网运行过程中的瞬时功率平衡控制。提出超级电容器通过Buck/Boost双向变换器与脉宽调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)逆变器相连的储能主电路结构,以实现功率的双向调节并提高超级电容器利用率。为解决直流母线电压易受PWM逆变器工作状态切换而波动的问题,采用互补PWM控制技术,分析其特点及其在提高系统运行稳定性与动态响应的优势;建立互补PWM控制的Buck/Boost双向变换器的小信号模型,应用电压电流双闭环与功率前馈相结合的方法以抑制直流母线电压波动;针对直流母线负载电流不易测量的问题,提出采用最小拍观测器的方法对负载电流进行虚拟测量。仿真和实验证实了该方法的有效性。

断续导通模式下Buck变换器的混沌分析及其滑模控制

为了分析工作在断续导通模式下的Buck变换器因负载变化而产生的分岔现象,首先建立了闭环脉宽调制Buck变换器的离散迭代映射,基于此映射绘制了输出电压随负载变化的分岔图,然后利用MATLAB仿真绘制了输出电压、电感电流波形及相应的相图,与分岔图相互印证并直观地反映了系统以倍周期分岔至混沌的过程。为了保证变换器工作的稳定性,根据滑模控制的基本思想,采用了自适应滞环调制策略,使系统稳定工作在单周期态。仿真结果表明,用滑模变结构法可以有效地避免因负载变化所产生的混沌态,使控制过程具有良好的动态响应特性及鲁棒性,且算法简单,易于实现。

断续导电模式Buck变换器双脉冲跨周期调制技术

提出一种新的控制开关功率变换器的调制技术:双脉冲跨周期调制(dual pulse skipping modulation,DPSM)技术。不同于脉冲跨周期调制(pulse skipping modulation,PSM)技术采用单控制脉冲实现输出稳压,DPSM技术把单控制脉冲扩展为双控制脉冲,可克服PSM控制的开关功率变换器存在较大输出电压纹波的缺点。以工作在断续导电模式(discontinuous conduction mode,DCM)下的Buck变换器为例,说明DPSM技术的工作原理和控制规律。仿真和实验结果表明,有着良好瞬态性能的DPSM Buck变换器与PSMBuck变换器相比具有较低输出纹波,与脉冲序列(pulsetrain,PT)控制Buck变换器相比具有较宽的负载可调范围。

前馈型电压模式控制Buck变换器

在比例控制电压模式结构基础上,结合Buck变换器给出了一种新的控制方式,将输入电压与电容电流采样之和的积分作为PWM环节的动态载波信号,输入电压的前馈确保了比例控制下系统的稳态无差以及良好的抗输入电压扰动能力,电容电流反馈则改善了系统抗负载跳变能力。然后基于系统小信号模型,理论分析了系统的控制性能,并给出了控制参数的选取。整个控制结构简单,参数设计简便,最后仿真和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。

Buck三电平变换器

提出一种Buck三电平变换器 ,该变换器中开关管的电压应力为输入电压的一半 ,采用交错控制方式 ,可以大大减小输出滤波器的大小 ,详细分析Buck三电平变换器的工作原理 ,分析该变换器的输入输出特性 ,讨论主要参数的设计 ,提出一种使输入分压电容电压均衡的方法 ,并进行实验验证。

高速磁浮背靠背三电平ANPC变流器中点电压偏移机理与协同控制策略

高速磁浮交通牵引变流器采用24 MVA背靠背三电平有源中点钳位拓扑,其中两台整流器和两台逆变器共用直流母线。该文分析整流侧和逆变侧在不同功率因数下中点电压(neutral point voltage,NPV)偏移机理及不同电压矢量对NPV的具体影响。据此,针对高速磁浮逆变器并联和串联两种模式,建立NPV偏移模型,得到在调制比和功率因数同时变化时NPV的可控区域。为在全速范围保证NPV平衡,提出一种基于平移调制波的协同控制策略。为减轻整流器功率因数和调制比对NPV的影响,采用一种具有相电压半波对称性的载波脉宽调制,并证明其具备NPV自平衡能力。仿真和硬件在环实验表明,所提策略具有NPV恢复到平衡状态所需时间短、可控范围大等优点,可在高速磁浮全速工况下保证NPV平衡。

一种半周期SVPWM控制的三相双向双Buck/Boost变流器

三相AC/DC变流器广泛应用于中高功率场合,传统的三相桥式拓扑上下桥臂功率管直接相连,存在直通问题,需要在驱动信号中加入死区,导致大量低次谐波的产生。三相双Buck/Boost拓扑克服了上下桥臂的直通问题,无需设置死区,大大减小了交流侧的电流谐波。分析三相双Buck/Boost变流器的工作模态,定义半周期冗余开关信号,论证屏蔽冗余开关信号的必要性,讨论整流、逆变双向切换及半周期控制的过零畸变问题,并提出改进的半周期双向空间矢量脉宽调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)控制策略,通过仿真与实验验证理论分析的正确性。