A NOVEL AERONAUTICAL STATIC INVERTER WITH HIGH FREQUENCY PULSE DC LINK

A new combined soft switching technique and a novel topology of aeronautical static inverter with high frequency pulse dc link are proposed in this paper, namely an electrical isolated converter can realize soft switching of two stage cascade converters. It lays technical foundation for high power density, high efficiency and low cost aeronautical static inverter. The operation and design approach of this topology are carefully analyzed and studied. The validity of this topology is verified by simulation and test.

Design of Calibration Device for Pulse Oximeter Simulator

Saturation of peripheral oxygen （SpO2） is one of the most important parameters of vital signs. Pulse oximeter based on near-infrared spectroscopy is commonly used as a non-invasive method to measure SpO2 yl. Currently, medical device manufacturers as well as metrology measurement agencies in China usually use pulse oximeter simulator as the commonly accepted functional calibration equipment for pulse oximeters. So far, no experimental protocol or devices can be used to test the accuracy and reliability of a pulse oximeter simulator. Therefore, a set of new metrology apparatus with the name of calibration device for pulse oximeter simulator have been designed in order to make a traceable system for the calibration or verification of pulse oximeter simulators. The principles and some research methods of this calibration device for pulse oximeter simulator will be discussed in this paper. Besides that, many experiments have been applied in order to guarantee the accuracy as well as traceability of this set of device.

Generation of an isolated sub-30 attosecond pulse in a two-color laser field and a static electric field

We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic generation（HHG） from a helium ion model in a two-color laser field,which is synthesized by a fundamental pulse and its second harmonic pulse.It is shown that a supercontinuum spectrum can be generated in the two-color field.However,the spectral intensity is very low,limiting the application of the generated attosecond（as） pulse.By adding a static electric field to the synthesized two-color field,not only is the ionization yield of electrons contributing to the harmonic emission remarkably increased,but also the quantum paths of the HHG can be significantly modulated.As a result,the extension and enhancement of the supercontinuum spectrum are achieved,producing an intense isolated 26-as pulse with a bandwidth of about 170.5 eV.In particular,we also analyse the influence of the laser parameters on the ultrabroad supercontinuum spectrum and isolated sub-30-as pulse generation.

Isolated sub-30-attosecond pulse generation using a multicycle two-color chirped laser and a static electric field

We present a theoretical investigation of high-order harmonic generation in a chirped two-color laser field, which is synthesized by a 10-fs/800-nm fundamental chirped pulse and a 10-fs/1760-nm subharmonic pulse. It is shown that a supercontinuum can be produced using the multicycle two-color chirped field. However, the supercontinuum reveals a strong modulation structure, which is not good for the generation of an isolated attosecond pulse. By adding a static electric field to the multicycle two-color chirped field, not only the harmonic cutoff is extended remarkably, but also the quantum paths of the high-order harmonic generation （HHG） are modified significantly. As a result, both the extension of the supercontinuum and the selection of a single quantum path are achieved, producing an isolated 23-as pulse with a bandwidth of about 170.6 eV. Furthermore, the influences of the laser intensities on the supercontinuum and isolated attosecond pulse generation are investigated.

Generation of Linear Isolated Sub-60 Attosecond Pulses by Combining a Circularly Polarized Pulse with an Elliptically Polarized Pulse

The two-color circularly polarized pulses scheme was proposed to generate isolated attosecond pulses in our previous work [Phys. Rev. A 87 （2013） 043406], while the polarization of the attosecond pulse was not investigated. We show a supplementary explanation of this scheme and present another scheme to generate linear isolated attosecond pulses by combining a circularly polarized pulse with an elliptically polarized pulse. High-order harmonic generation and quantum path control are investigated to compare these two schemes. Both schemes can obtain supercontinuum spectra plateau from about 200eV to 550eV, which belong to the water window region. It is found that the latter scheme can clearly eliminate the short quantum path and extend the harmonic plateau. A linear isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of sub-6Oas can be generated by superposing a bandwidth of 70eV.

A novel power-combination method using a time-reversal pulse-compression technique

The electromagnetic time-reversal(TR)technique has the characteristics of spatiotemporal focusing in a time-reversal cavity(TRC),which can be used for pulse compression,thus forming an electromagnetic pulse with high peak power.A time-reversed pulse-compression method in a single channel has high pulse compression gain.However,single channel pulse compression can only generate limited gain.This paper proposes a novel TR power-combination method in a multichannel TRC to obtain higher peak power based on TR pulse-compression theory.First,the TR power-combination model is given,and the crosstalk properties of the associated channel and the influence of the reversal performance are studied.Then,the power-combination performances for the TR pulse compression,such as combined signal to noise ratio(SNR)and combined compression gain,are analyzed by numerical simulation and experimental methods.The results show that the proposed method has obvious advantages over pulse-compression methods using a single channel cavity,and is more convenient for power combination.

Use of Non-Verbal Representations to Define Concept of Pulse Conditions in Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards

The standardization of terms and definitions is fundamental to all activities in the domain of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).For decades,definitions of TCM terminology relied on conventional verbal representations to differentiate between related concepts.However,the ancient Chinese is obscure and comprises a massive volume of information,making it difficult to convey the definition accurately in other languages.This article proposes a potential solution that the definition for pulse terminology can be supplemented by modern means of non-verbal representation,i.e.,using pulse waveform graphs and parameters to complete the definition of each pulse.A discussion of the challenges of obtaining reliable data is also included.

Micro-piezoelectric pulse diagnoser and frequency domain analysis of human pulse signals

Background:The theory of pulse diagnosis is to assess the physiological condition of the human body using radial pulse.However,pulses can vary markedly from person to person.Further,pulse diagnosis is difficult to learn and requires one-on-one teaching.Methods:To address this problem,we built a home-made pulse diagnoser and measured human pulses for studying the standardization of pulse diagnosis.Our pulse diagnoser was composed of a piezoelectric transducer,differential amplifier,data acquisition instrument,and a Matlab analysis program.The measured pulses were converted into electronic signals by a piezoelectric transducer and saved on a computer.The digitalized data were then refined and analyzed by fast Fourier transform for frequency analysis.Simulations were performed to assess the factors that affected the pulse,including phase shifts of reflected pulse waves (generate sub-peaks in pulses),inconsistent heart rates (deform pulse waves),the vessel stiffness (alter harmonic frequencies of the pulses),and the wave amplitudes (determined by the pulse strength).Results:By comparing a published report and our simulation findings,we characterized the pulse types and the effects of various factors,and then applied the findings to study actual pulses in patients.Three types of pulses were determined from the frequency spectrumchoppy pulse (Se mai) without apparent harmonic peaks,the harmonic frequencies of wiry pulse (Xian mai) that are non-integer multiples of the fundamental frequency,and surging pulse (Hong mai) that exhibit strong amplitudes in the spectrum of frequency.A normal pulse and a slippery pulse were differentiated by a phase shift,but not by assessing the frequency spectrum.Conclusion:These findings confirm that frequency domain analysis can avoid ambiguity arising in assessing the three types of pulses in the time domain.Further studies of other pulses in the frequency domain are required to develop a precise electronic pulse diagnoser.

基于PULSE多功能分析仪的电涡流位移传感器的检定

介绍了电涡流位移传感器的工作原理及衡量其计量性能的指标,同时利用实验室已有的中频振动标准装置,通过PULSE多功能分析仪的二次积分计算功能实现了电涡流位移传感器的灵敏度动态标定,并很直观地读取灵敏度值,提高了工作的效率,同时提高了测量结果的准确度。

Research on Strong Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Test Method by Time-frequency Combination

Many conventional methods of testing strong and pulsed electromagnetic fields,the ones used in radars for example,had deficiencies due to the difficulty in obtaining simultaneous information about the electromagnetic field's peak both in the time domain and in the frequency domain.With regard to this problem,after analyzing the time-domain and the frequency-domain characteristics of radar pulsed signals,we propose a new time-frequency combination test method based on the correction of the test parameters,as well as its correction method at different bandwidths.The test method is applied in a quick test of a high-power pulsed radar signal,and the corrected results have error less than 1 dB in both the time domain and the frequency domain,which indicates that the proposed time-frequency combined method is effective in testing strong and pulsed electromagnetic fields.

Coherent beam combining of two all‑PM thulium‑doped fiber chirped pulse amplifiers

In this paper,we report a coherent beam combining(CBC)system that involves two thulium-doped all-polarization maintaining(PM)fiber chirped pulse amplifiers.Through phase-locking the two channels via a fiber stretcher by using the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm,a maximum average power of 265 W is obtained,with a CBC efficiency of 81%and a residual phase error of λ/17.After de-chirping by a pair of diffraction gratings,the duration of the combined laser pulse is compressed to 690 fs.Taking into account the compression efficiency of 90%and the main peak energy proportion of 91%,the corresponding peak power is calculated to be 4 MW.The laser noise characteristics before and after CBC are examined,and the results indicate that the CBC would degrade the low frequency relative intensity noise(RIN),of which the integration is 1.74%in[100 Hz,2 MHz]at the maximum combined output power.In addition,the effects of the nonlinear spectrum broadening during chirped pulse amplification on the CBC efficiency are also investigated,showing that a higher extent of pulse stretching is effective in alleviating the spectrum broadening and realizing a higher output power with decent combining efficiency.

Supercontinuum generation with 15-fs pump pulses in microstructured fiber with combination core and random cladding

We demonstrate the generation of supercontinuum (SC) of over 1350 nm by injecting 790-nm, 15-fs, 74-MHz optical pulses into a 183-mm-long microstructured fiber with combination core and random cladding. The maximum total power of SC is 73 mW with 290-mW pump power from 40x microscope objective. The wavelength and power ranging in SC as well as the polarization states and waveguide modes of the visible light can be tuned by adjusting the input end of MF.In particular, white light has been observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of tunable properties in SC generation process using microstructured fiber with combination core and random cladding.

THE INVESTIGATION ON DYNAMIC FRACTURE BEHAVOUR OF MATERIALS UNDER COMPRESSIVE-SHEAR COMBINED STRESS WAVES

In this paper,an improved plate impact experimental technique is presented for studying dynamic fracture mechanism of materials,under the conditions that the impacting loading is provided by a single pulse and the loading time is in the sub-microsecond range.The impacting tests are carried out on the pressure-shear gas gun.The loading rate achieved is dK/dt～10~8 MPam^(1/2)s^(-1).With the elimination of influence of the specimen boundary,the plane strain state of a semi-infinite crack in an infinite elastic plate is used to simulate the deformation fields of crack tip. The single pulses are obtained by using the 'momentum trap'technique.Therefore, the one-time actions of the single pulse are achieved by eradicating the stress waves reflected from the specimen boundary or diffracted from the crack surfaces.In the current study,some important phenomena have been observed.The special loading of the single pulse can bring about material damage around crack tip,and affect the material behavior,such as kinking and branching of the crack propagation.Failure mode transitions from mode Ⅰ to mode Ⅱ crack are observed under asymmetrical impact conditions.The mechanisms of the dynamic crack propagation are consistent with the damage failure model.

Application of the Combined Method for Evaluating the Compressive Strength of Concrete on Site

Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and rebound hammer (RH) tests are often used for assessing the quality of concrete and estimation of its compressive strength. Several parameters influence this property of concrete as the type and size of aggregates, cement content, the implementation of concrete, etc. To account for these factors, both of the two tests are combined and their measurements are calibrated with the results of mechanical tests on cylindrical specimens cast on site and on cores taken from the existing structure in work progress at the new-city Massinissa El-Khroub Constantine in Algeria. In this study;the two tests cited above have been used to determine the concrete quality by applying regression analysis models between compressive strength of in situ concrete on existing structure and the nondestructive tests values, the combined method is used, equations are derived using statistical analysis (simple and multiple regression) to estimate compressive strength of concrete on site and the reliability of the technique for prediction of the strength is discussed for this case study.

两种波形调控方法获得单次谐波光源的研究

本文利用啁啾波形调控和双色场波形调控对单次谐波光源的产生进行了研究.结果发现:在啁啾波形调控下,单次谐波光源的调节范围在170次到370次谐波区间,能量调节范围较宽.并且,单次谐波的产生对激光脉宽和光强的要求不高.在双色场波形调控下,单次谐波光源的调节范围仅在80次到110次谐波区间,能量调节范围较窄.并且,单次谐波的产生对激光脉宽和光强的要求较高.

基于模型熵处理的泥浆脉冲信号去噪方法研究

泥浆正脉冲传输技术在石油钻探中应用非常广泛,但泥浆正脉冲信号包含大量噪声,其中泵噪声为主要噪声来源,不仅时域上完全覆盖有用信号,而且频域上存在频谱混叠。在泵噪声特性的基础上,建立了一种泵噪声状态空间模型(线性时不变模型),引入最大相关熵准则去除泵噪声的野值,利用基于熵处理的标准卡尔曼滤波对泵噪声进行重构和滤波。此外,为实时处理信号的需求,采用随机共振原则滤除泵噪声后的剩余随机噪声。同时,模拟了稳态/非稳态泵噪声状态下几种不同信噪比的含噪泥浆正脉冲信号,分析评价方案的噪声抑制能力。结果表明,该方案能够抑制甚至去除原始信号中的稳态/非稳态泵噪声,可以将信号的信噪比提高约5~24 dB。

无人机全航空时间域电磁探测组合脉冲发射技术

针对无人机平台电磁探测需求,提出一种应用于无人机全航空时间域电磁探测的双极性组合电磁脉冲发射技术,利用可调参组合脉冲实现浅表盲区压制、深浅兼顾的近地表精细探测。针对目前轻型发射系统为降低质量普遍采用的无源钳位技术存在钳位电压和介入时间不可调整的缺点,并考虑发射脉冲智能关断需求和难点,提出一种有源自适应可调钳位技术。在对发射系统的质量、体积、功耗有严格限制的条件下,突破钳位电压固定、电流脉冲关断时间不可调的局限性,通过对发射参数实时采集反馈及相应的自适应控制策略实现发射电流下降沿自适应钳位和参数优化,实现电流脉冲关断速率自适应精确调控。研制适用于无人机平台的组合脉冲电磁发射系统,并完成整体系统搭建与集成测试。研究结果表明:发射系统在满足轻量化、小型化的条件下,可以实现高质量双极性组合电磁脉冲的长时稳定高功率发射,不仅发射脉冲的峰值、占空比、周期等参数均可调,且电流脉冲关断速率可实现自适应精确可调与参数优化,满足无人机全航空时间域电磁探测系统应用要求。

基于偏振调控的脉冲时域相干分割合成技术

介绍了基于偏振调控的脉冲时域分割-相干合成技术的原理,并设计了短脉冲时域相干合成系统,搭建了实验研究平台。利用偏振分束器、延迟线和波片将重复频率为10 MHz,脉冲宽度1 ns的每个脉冲在时间上分割成4个子脉冲,子脉冲间隔2 ns,再经过类似的偏振分束器、延迟线和波片装置进行重新组合。通过对子脉冲的偏振调控并优化分割脉冲幅度分布,实验实现了四脉冲时域相干合成,合成效率达到95.65%。

非标准状态下脉压变异率评估患者容量反应性的研究进展

容量反应性是目标导向液体治疗(GDFT)的核心,脉压变异率(PPV)反映每搏输出量随呼吸的变化,能够准确评估患者的容量反应性。然而,PPV监测依赖于心肺相互作用,测量时有严格的条件限制。PPV测量的标准状态要求患者接受机械通气,潮气量至少为预测体重(PBW)8 ml/kg,同时不合并自主呼吸、低肺顺应性、心律失常、胸腔开放、腹内高压和高呼吸频率等,不完全满足上述测量条件时测得的PPV则为非标准状态下PPV。临床上多数患者不满足PPV测量的标准状态,因此如何保证非标准状态下PPV应用的有效性成为当前临床研究的热点。本文综述了PPV的原理以及非标准状态下PPV的临床应用等内容,为临床合理使用PPV监测提供参考。

近断层地震动组合斜入射下沥青混凝土面板堆石坝响应研究

西部地区水利工程多建于复杂地震断裂带附近,因此近场地震动的脉冲效应对水工建筑物所产生的影响不可忽略。近断层地震动往往由P波、SV波等共同组成,到达地表后明显带有一定角度,垂直入射假定不再适用,因此有必要开展近断层脉冲型地震动组合斜入射对沥青混凝土面板堆石坝地震响应影响的研究。基于地表二维地震动反演确定P波、SV波斜入射时程,构建近断层地震动组合斜输入模型,选取脉冲型和非脉冲型各5条地震动记录,研究近断层地震动组合斜入射对沥青混凝土面板加速度、应力和坝体永久变形的影响规律。结果表明:与地震动垂直入射相比,面板水平向加速度随P波角度的增大而增大,随SV波角度的增大而减小,竖向加速度及坝体永久变形的规律则相反;面板拉应力随着P波、SV波角度的增大而增大;近断层地震动的脉冲特性对堆石坝的响应有显著放大作用,其中面板拉应力最大增加了116%。