Constitutive equations of 1060 pure aluminum based on modified double multiple nonlinear regression model

In order to study the work-ability and establish the optimum hot formation processing parameters for industrial 1060 pure aluminum, the compressive deformation behavior of pure aluminum was investigated at temperatures of 523?823 K and strain rates of 0.005?10 s?1 on a Gleeble?1500 thermo-simulation machine. The influence rule of processing parameters (strain, strain rate and temperature) on flow stress of pure aluminum was investigated. Nine analysis factors consisting of material parameters and according weights were optimized. Then, the constitutive equations of multilevel series rules, multilevel parallel rules and multilevel series &parallel rules were established. The correlation coefficients (R) are 0.992, 0.988 and 0.990, respectively, and the average absolute relative errors (AAREs) are 6.77%, 8.70% and 7.63%, respectively, which proves that the constitutive equations of multilevel series rules can predict the flow stress of pure aluminum with good correlation and precision.

Pure quasi-P wave equation and numerical solution in 3D TTI media

Based on the pure quasi-P wave equation in transverse isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis （VTI media）, a quasi-P wave equation is obtained in transverse isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis （TTI media）. This is achieved using projection transformation, which rotates the direction vector in the coordinate system of observation toward the direction vector for the coordinate system in which the z-component is parallel to the symmetry axis of the TTI media. The equation has a simple form, is easily calculated, is not influenced by the pseudo-shear wave, and can be calculated reliably when δ is greater than ε. The finite difference method is used to solve the equation. In addition, a perfectly matched layer （PML） absorbing boundary condition is obtained for the equation. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results with forward modeling prove that the equation can accurately simulate a quasi-P wave in TTI medium.

Modified Equation of State for Pure Compounds

Proposed new cubic equation of state is more accurate than others in result and simple in form. The equation has been tried with 23 pure compounds including both polar and non-polar compounds. Experimental values of these compounds collected from various journals were compared with proposed model and found to be more accurate than other widely used cubic equations of state like SRK and Peng Robinson. The form of current EOS best suits to PVT data and total error is almost halved for a set of experimental data in the most cases.

Immersed Interface Method for Fokker-Planck Equation with Discontinuous Drift

The Immersed Interface Method (IIM) is derived to solve the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation of Brownian motion with pure dry friction, which is one of the simplest models of piecewise-smooth stochastic systems. The IIM is capable of treating a discontinuity in the drift of Fokker-Planck equation and it is readily extended to the dry and viscous friction model. Analytic results of the considered model are used to confirm the effectiveness and design accuracy of the scheme.

A Principal Theorem of Normal Discretization Schemes for Operator Equations of the First Kind

The authors announce a newly-proved theorem of theirs. This theorem is of principal significance to numerical computation of operator equations of the first kind.

VTI介质修正声学近似qP波波动方程与模拟

各向异性介质中纵横波通常耦合在一起传播,纵横波解耦是地震波传播理论研究的重要内容。经典的声学近似通过设置垂向qSV波速度V_(S0)为0来解耦qP波场,但是存在退化qSV波等问题。本研究将垂向qSV波速度V_(S0)考虑成波数k_(x)、k_(z)和各向异性参数ε、δ的函数,对声学近似进行修正,推导了VTI介质修正声学近似qP波频散关系和波动方程。VTI介质修正声学近似qP波波动方程包含椭圆项和非椭圆项两部分,因此采用混合有限差分/伪谱算法进行求解,即采用有限差分法求解椭圆项、伪谱法求解非椭圆项。频散关系分析和数值示例表明,基于修正声学近似的qP波波动方程不包含退化qSV波,是纯qP波方程,与弹性波方程模拟结果吻合较好,且具有较高精度;该方程在ε≥δ和ε<δ的VTI介质中均是稳定的,并且精度高于声学近似模拟结果。

基于有限差分低秩分解策略的黏声各向异性纯qP波正演模拟方法

地下介质的黏弹性和各向异性特征会导致地震波出现相位频散和振幅衰减,如果在地震数据处理中忽略这些影响,那么成像结果会出现同相轴畸变和偏移假象。常规黏声TTI介质拟声波方程可用于模拟地震波在黏声各向异性介质中的传播特征,但存在伪横波干扰和受模型参数限制(各向异性参数ε必须大于δ)等问题。为了解决上述问题,将基于声学近似的纯qP波频散关系与常Q衰减模型相结合,推导了一种黏声TTI介质纯qP波方程。该方程包含解耦的相位频散和振幅衰减项,便于实现衰减补偿逆时偏移。基于新推导的方程,发展了有限差分低秩分解求解策略,实现了黏声TTI介质纯qP波正演模拟。数值模拟结果表明,该方程克服了黏声TTI介质拟声波方程的局限,可较为准确且稳定地模拟地震波在黏声各向异性介质中的传播过程。同时,该有限差分低秩分解求解策略继承了有限差分求解方法高效的优势,相比于传统低秩分解法具有更高的计算效率。

Pure q P-wave least-squares reverse time migration invertically transverse isotropic media and its application to field data

The anisotropic properties of subsurface media cause waveform distortions in seismic wave propagation,resulting in a negative infl uence on seismic imaging.In addition,wavefields simulated by the conventional coupled pseudo-acoustic equation are not only aff ected by SV-wave artifacts but are also limited by anisotropic parameters.We propose a least-squares reverse time migration(LSRTM)method based on the pure q P-wave equation in vertically transverse isotropic media.A fi nite diff erence and fast Fourier transform method,which can improve the effi ciency of the numerical simulation compared to a pseudo-spectral method,is used to solve the pure q P-wave equation.We derive the corresponding demigration operator,migration operator,and gradient updating formula to implement the LSRTM.Numerical tests on the Hess model and field data confirm that the proposed method has a good correction eff ect for the travel time deviation caused by underground anisotropic media.Further,it signifi cantly suppresses the migration noise,balances the imaging amplitude,and improves the imaging resolution.

Primary-transient creep and anelastic backflow of pure copper deformed at low temperatures and ultra-low strain rates

Creep and anelastic backflow behaviors of pure copper （4N Cu） with grain size dg=40 μm were investigated at low temperatures of T〈0.3Tm （Tm is melting point） and ultra-low creep rates of ε≤1×10^-10 s^-1 by a high strain-resolution measurement （the helicoid spring specimen technique）. Analysis of creep data was based on the scaling factors of creep curves instead of the conventional extrapolated steady-state creep rate. Power-law creep equation is suggested to be the best for describing the primary transient creep behavior, because the pre-parameter does not apparently change with elapsed time. The observed anelastic strains are 1/6 of the calculated elastic strains, and linear viscous behavior was identified from the logarithm plot of the anelastic strain rate versus anelastic strain （slope equals 1）. Therefore, the creep anelasticity is suggested to be due to the unbowing of there-dimensional network of dislocations.

Prediction of forming limit curve for pure titanium sheet

Commercially pure titanium（CP Ti） has been actively used in the plate heat exchanger due to its light weight, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance. However, researches for the plastic deformation characteristics and press formability of the CP Ti sheet are not much in comparison with automotive steels and aluminum alloys. The mechanical properties and hardening behavior evaluated in stress-strain relation of the CP Ti sheet are clarified in relation with press formability. The flow curve denoting true stress-true strain relation for CP Ti sheet is fitted well by the Kim-Tuan hardening equation rather than Voce and Swift models. The forming limit curve（FLC） of CP Ti sheet as a criterion for press formability was experimentally evaluated by punch stretching test and analytically predicted via Hora＇s modified maximum force criterion. The predicted FLC by adopting Kim-Tuan hardening model and appropriate yield function shows good correlation with the experimental results of punch stretching test.

Simple Procedure for Entanglement Transformation of Bipartite Pure States

An explicit procedure for transforming one bipartite entangled state into another via local operations and classical communication （LOCC） is presented. Our procedure is much simper than the previous ones in the sense that, it only involves two steps and the explicit expression of local general measurement used in the procedure can be obtained by solving a set of linear equations. Furthermore, this procedure is still applicable in high dimensional case.

A Conjecture Concerning the Pure Exponential Diophantine Equation a^x+b^y=c^z

Let a, b, c, r be fixed positive integers such that a^2 ＋ b^2 = c^r, min（a, b, c, r） 〉 1 and 2 r. In this paper we prove that if a ≡ 2 （mod 4）, b ≡ 3 （mod 4）, c 〉 3.10^37 and r 〉 7200, then the equation a^x ＋ b^y = c^z only has the solution （x, y, z） = （2, 2, r）.

基于数论的纯整数规划问题的解法研究

为避免求解纯整数规划问题过程中需要考虑松弛线性规划问题,使用数论中的不定方程理论,结合不等式方程求解的估算法提出了一种高效的纯整数规划问题的新解法。通过两个定理的推导证明新解法求解纯整数规划问题的可行性,并以纯整数规划问题为例子,分别用割平面法、分枝定界法和提出的新解法进行求解。结果表明,与割平面法、分枝定界法相比,新解法对于简单的纯整数规划问题的求解过程更简单。

圆盘滚动的动力学分析

圆盘按质量是否均匀分布可分为均质圆盘和偏心圆盘,对这2种圆盘在水平面和斜面的运动进行了简单分析.均质圆盘在接触面上做纯滚动时,摩擦力的方向与外力F的大小以及作用线到质心的距离有关;偏心圆盘在水平面和斜面滚动时会出现跳滚现象,偏心圆盘发生跳滚的角速度临界条件为√gcosφ/e,只与偏心距e和接触面倾斜角度φ有关.当偏心圆盘离开接触面时,先做加速上升运动,再做减速上升运动,最后做加速下降运动.计算了偏心圆盘离开斜面后圆心运动方程和第一次与斜面的碰撞点坐标.

PARALLEL COMPUTING METHOD OF PURE ALTERNATIVE SEGMENT EXPLICIT-IMPLICIT DIFFERENCE SCHEME FOR NONLINEAR LELAND EQUATION

The research on the numerical solution of the nonlinear Leland equation has important theoretical significance and practical value. To solve nonlinear Leland equation, this paper offers a class of difference schemes with parallel nature which are pure alternative segment explicit-implicit(PASE-I) and implicit-explicit(PASI-E) schemes. It also gives the existence and uniqueness,the stability and the error estimate of numerical solutions for the parallel difference schemes. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that PASE-I and PASI-E schemes have obvious parallelism, unconditionally stability and second-order convergence in both space and time. The numerical experiments verify that the calculation accuracy of PASE-I and PASI-E schemes are better than that of the existing alternating segment Crank-Nicolson scheme, alternating segment explicit-implicit and implicit-explicit schemes. The speedup of PASE-I scheme is 9.89, compared to classical Crank-Nicolson scheme. Thus the schemes given by this paper are high efficient and practical for solving the nonlinear Leland equation.

纯钼板坯高温塑性变形行为及本构方程

采用Gleeble?1500热模拟机,在变形温度为1 100～1 350℃、变形速率为0.01～5 s?1、变形量为60%的实验条件下,对纯钼板坯的高温塑性变形行为进行研究。结果表明:流变应力随变形温度的升高而减小,随应变速率的增大而增大;不同变形温度下流变应力之间的差值随着应变速率的增加逐渐减小;同一应变速率下,峰值应力随变形温度的升高向应变小的方向推移。采用包含Zene-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦模型,建立了纯钼板高温塑性流变应力与变形温度和应变速率之间的本构方程。依据本构方程计算出的纯钼板坯流变应力理论值与实际值的平均相对误差仅为3.68%,表明该本构方程可为纯钼热成形加工工艺的制定提供理论依据。

各向异性介质qP波传播描述Ⅰ:伪纯模式波动方程

地球介质相对于地震波波长尺度的定向非均匀性会导致波速的各向异性,进而影响地震波场的运动学与动力学特征.各向异性弹性波动方程是描述该类介质波场传播的基本工具,在正演模拟、偏移成像与参数反演中起着关键作用.为了面向实际应用构建灵活、简便的各向异性波场传播算子,人们一直在寻求简化的各向异性波动方程.本文借鉴各向异性弹性波波型分离思想,通过对平面波形式的弹性波方程(即Christoffel方程)实施一种代表向波矢量方向投影的相似变换,推导出了一种适应任意各向异性介质、运动学上与原始弹性波方程完全等价,在动力学上突出qP波的新方程,即qP波伪纯模式波动方程.文中以横向各向同性(TI)介质为例,给出了相应的qP波伪纯模式波动方程及其声学与各向同性近似,并在此基础上开展了正演模拟和逆时偏移试验,展示了这种描述各向异性波场传播的新方程的特点与优势.

渐开线非圆齿轮的齿廓曲线数学模型

对于给定的非圆齿轮节曲线,借助于共轭齿条建立齿廓曲线的数学模型。根据渐开线齿轮齿廓成形原理,当共轭齿条分度线在非圆齿轮节曲线上作纯滚动,齿条的齿廓便在齿轮上包络出齿轮的齿廓。因此,首先建立了共轭齿条的数学模型和节曲线纯滚动模型,而后用啮合方程将这两个模型结合起来,经坐标变换后便在齿轮坐标系中获得了非圆齿轮齿廓曲线的数学模型。进一步用计算机图形仿真的方法获得椭圆齿轮的渐开线齿廓曲线图形,验证了该模型的正确性和有效性。该模型为非圆齿轮的加工刀具设计、数控加工程序设计以及轮齿强度分析等提供了基础。

工业纯钛TA1热压缩变形行为及本构方程

为了实现工业纯钛TA1的数值模拟,制定合理的自由锻工艺参数,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟实验机对工业纯钛TA1在变形温度为700、800、900和950℃和应变速率为0.01、0.1、1和5 s-1条件下的流变应力行为进行研究,最大变形程度为真应变0.7。结果表明:工业纯钛TA1在热压缩变形过程中,出现了动态回复与再结晶;流变应力随温度的升高而降低,随变形速率的减小而降低;在高的变形温度与低的应变速率下,工业纯钛TA1容易出现软化;求得了热变形激活能(Q)和双曲正弦形式的Arrhenius本构方程。

各向异性介质qP波传播描述Ⅱ:分离纯模式标量波

在各向异性地震波场中,qP波与qS波常常是耦合在一起的.多分量地震数据处理中一个关键环节就是波型分离(即模式解耦),以纵波成分为主的常规单分量地震数据的成像则需要合理描述标量qP波的传播算子.本文作者曾构建了在运动学上同弹性波动方程等价,动力学上突出标量qP波的伪纯模式波动方程.为了彻底消除qS波残余,本文根据波矢量与qP波偏振矢量之间的偏差,提出从伪纯模式波场提取纯模式标量qP波的方法.数值分析展示了投影偏差算子在波数域和空间域的特征.基于不同复杂程度理论模型的试验结果表明,联合"伪纯模式传播算子"与"投影偏差校正"可为各向异性介质分离模式波场传播过程提供一种简便的描述工具.