Von Misses Pure Shear in Kirchhoff’s Plate Buckling

The pure shear strength for the all-simply supported plate has not yet been found;what is described as pure shear in that plate, is, in fact, a pure-shear solution for another plate clamped on the “Y-Y” and simply supported on the long side, X-X. A new solution for the simply supported case is presented here and is found to be only 60-percent of the currently believed results. Comparative results are presented for the all-clamped plate which exhibits great accuracy. The von Misses yield relation is adopted and through incremental deflection-rating the effective shear curvature is targeted in aspect-ratios. For a set of boundary conditions the Kirchhoff’s plate capacity is finite and invariant for bending, buckling in axial and pure-shear and in vibration.

Shear deformation and grain refinement in pure Al by asymmetric rolling

Asymmetric rolling(ASR), as one of severe plastic deformation(SPD) methods, was widely used to make ultra-fined materials with enhanced performance. Internal marks were used to show the shear deformation during asymmetric rolling with pure aluminium as a model material. Effects of reduction ratio and mismatch ratio on the shear deformation were studied. With the observed shear deformation results, equivalent strain was calculated. For lager shear deformation, rolling equipment was modified to increase friction between specimen and the rollers. Consequently, extremely fine grains with size of 500 nm are obtained in pure aluminium. With improved asymmetric rolling, the ability of grain refinement of ASR is greatly improved.

Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Adiabatic Shear Bands of Ultrafine Grained Pure Zirconium

Dynamic compression tests were carried out to investigate dynamic mechanical behavior and adiabatic shear bands in ultrafine grained(UFG)pure zirconium prepared by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)and rotary swaying.The cylindrical specimens were deformed dynamically on the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)at different strain rates of 800 to 4000s^-1 at room temperature.The temperature distribution of the shear bands was estimated on the basis of temperature rise of uniform plastic deformation stage and thermal diffusion effect.The results show that the true stress-true strain curves of UFG pure zirconium are concave upward trend of strain in range of 0.02-0.16 due to the effects of strain hardening,strain rate hardening and thermal softening.The formation of the adiabatic shear bands is the main reason of UFG pure zirconium failure.A large number of micro-voids are observed in the adiabatic shear bands,and the macroscopic cracks develop from the micro-voids coalescence.The fracture surface of UFG pure zirconium exhibits quasi cleavage fracture with the characteristic features of shear dimples and river pattern.The highest temperature within the shear bands of UFG pure zirconium is about 592 K.

Spring-Value in Kirchhoff-Love Plate: Displacement, Buckling, Pure-Shear, Vibration

The stiffness model of the finite element is applied to the Kirchhoff-love closed-form plate buckling;buckling is always in focus in plate assemblages. The useful Eigen-value solutions are unable to separate a square plate from a much weaker long one in the most commonly-used all-simply supported plate (SSSS), among others. Spring-values of the Kirchhoff-Love plate are sought;once found, displacement-factors can be determined. Comparative displacements allow an easier and better evaluation of buckling-factors, pure-shear, vibration and so are termed “buckling-displacement-factors”. In testing, many plates in mixed boundary conditions are evaluated for displacement assisted buckling-solutions, first. The displacement-factors made from fundamental Eigen-vectors, in a single-pass, are found to be within about one-percent of known elastic values. It is found that the Kirchhoff-Love plate spring and the finite-element spring, demonstrated, here, in the assemblage of beam-elements, are equivalent from the results. In either case, stiffness is first assembled, ready for any loading—transverse, buckling, shear, vibration. The simply-supported plate draws the only exact vibration solution, and so, in an additional new effort, all other results are calibrated from it;direct vibration solutions are made for comparison but such results are, hardly, better. In the process, interactive Kirchhoff-Love plate-field-sheets are presented, for design. It is now additionally demanded that the solution Eigen-vector be developable into a recognizable deflection-factor. A weaker plate cannot possess greater buckling strength, this is a check;to find stiffness the deflection-factor must be exact or nearly so. Several examples justify the characteristic buckling displacement-factor as a new tool.

Analysis of complete plasticity assumption for solid circular shaft under pure torsion and calculation of shear stress

The distribution of shear stress on the cross-section of plastic metal solid circular shaft under pure torsion yielding,the applicability of complete plastic model assumption and the shear stress formula were researched.Based on the shear stress formula of circular shaft under pure torsion in elastic stage,the formula of torque in elastic stage and the definition of yield,it is obtained that the yielding stage of plastic metal shaft under pure torsion is only a surface phenomenon of torque-torsion angle relationship,and the distribution of shear stress is essentially different from that of tensile stress when yielding under uniaxial tension.The pure torsion platform-torsion angle and the shape of torque-torsion angle curve cannot change the distribution of shear stress on the shaft cross-section.The distribution of shear stress is still linear with the maximum shear stress τs.The complete plasticity model assumption is not in accordance with the actual situation of shaft under torsion.The experimental strength data of nine plastic metals are consistent with the calculated results of the new limiting strain energy strength theory(LSEST).The traditional yield stress formula for plastic shaft under torsion is reasonable.The shear stress formula based on the plane assumption in material mechanics is applicable for all loaded stages of torsion shaft.

基于数字图像技术的致密砂岩纯剪裂缝断裂过程实验

纯剪应力状态下致密砂岩断裂过程是理解致密砂岩破坏失效机理的关键,然而在纯剪应力状态下,初始裂缝是发育扩展为I型裂缝或II型裂缝却一直有所争议。本文基于新型光学测量技术数字图像相关法和双切边压缩实验理论方法,开展了双切边压缩实验并通过数字图像相关法得到了位移和应变场。实验结果表明:双边开槽压缩实验能在槽尖(预制裂缝尖端)产生纯剪应力状态;致密砂岩试件起裂过程包含2个阶段的I型裂缝,第一阶段裂缝从槽尖起裂,第二阶段裂缝从试件中心两槽尖相连区域起裂。本文研究成果为数字图像技术应用在岩石断裂力学领域提供了新思路,对分析水力压裂中致密砂岩纯剪裂缝的演化规律有一定参考价值。

纯剪状态下蜂窝梁腹板的弹性屈曲分析

该文利用有限元软件建立正六边形孔蜂窝梁腹板在纯剪应力状态下的有限元模型,研究四边简支开孔板在纯剪状态下的屈曲模式,分析孔洞尺寸对蜂窝梁腹板屈曲临界应力的影响,提出纯剪状态下开孔板的屈曲系数计算公式,得到蜂窝梁开孔腹板在纯剪状态下的高厚比限值。研究表明,单孔板和双孔板的最大屈曲平面外位移处的连线均与水平方向呈45°,四孔板和六孔板则有2种屈曲模式;蜂窝梁腹板孔高比和距高比是影响开孔板屈曲临界应力的主要因素,建议对于剪力作用较大的蜂窝梁腹板取孔高比γ<0.5,距高比0.4<β<0.5的孔洞尺寸,使得容易实现稳定性和经济性要求;拟合的开孔板屈曲系数公式误差不超过5%,具有良好的精度。

武汉某超高层纯剪力墙结构的墙厚能效比研究

超高层纯剪力墙结构,其墙厚的选取一直是结构设计的重点和难点。论文结合国家节能减排的政策理念,创新地提出了结构墙厚设计的能效比概念,根据剪力墙结构的受力特点,详细介绍了能效比的指标选取及结果分析。

设置少量剪力墙的框架结构设计分析

以某6层办公楼为例,分析了设置少量剪力墙框架结构体系的工作原理,并给出了设计思路。这种结构体系设置的少量剪力墙主要为结构提供刚度,以满足弹性层间位移角限值,但其不能成为第一道防线,故框架结构承载力设计应采用纯框架结构和框架–剪力墙结构包络设计。

Work hardening of adhesively bonded pure copper single lap joints

To explain the reason why work hardening occurs in epoxy adhesive bonded zone of pure copper adherends after tensile shear strength testing, an elasto-plastic finite element model was established to analyze the effect of different adherends thickness of 2mm and 4mm on the shear strength as well as the level of work hardening in copper adherends of single lap joint. The numerical simulation results show that the axial or equivalent stress overrun the yield strength of the pure copper adherend is the main reason why the work hardening occurs on the bonded zone of the adherends after the shear strength testing. The elasto-plastic finite element simulation results are agreed with the experimental ones. The thicker its adherends are, the more serious the work hardening is.

On the structure of the turbulent/non-turbulent interface in a fully developed spatially evolving axisymmetric wake

In this work,we numerically study the structure of the turbulent/nonturbulent(T/NT)interface in a fully developed spatially evolving axisymmetric wake by means of direct numerical simulations.There is a continuous and contorted pure shear layer(PSL)adjacent to the outer edge of the T/NT interface.The local thickness of the PSLδ_(PSL)exhibits a wide range of scales(from the Kolmogorov scale to the Taylor microscale)and the conditional mean thickness<δ_(PSL)>I/η_(c)≈6 withη_(c)being the centerline Kolmogorov scale is the same as the viscous superlayer.In the viscous superlayer,the pure shear motions without rotation are overwhelmingly dominant.It is also demonstrated that the physics of the turbulent sublayer is closely related to the PSL with a large thickness.Another significant finding is that the time averaged area of the rotational regionA R,and the pure shear region<A_(S)>at different streamwise locations scale with the square of the wake-width b_(U)^(2).This study opens an avenue for a better understanding of the structures of the T/NT interface.

再结晶组织对TA2纯钛绝热剪切行为的影响

使用二辊轧机对TA2工业纯钛进行多道次大应变冷轧处理,制备了冷轧总变形量为70%的TA2纯钛板。通过对冷轧TA2纯钛板进行500℃加热、不同保温时间的退火处理,获得了具有不同再结晶组织的钛板。基于帽形试样和限位环变形控制技术,在分离式霍普金森压杆装置上对不同再结晶组织的试样进行动态冲击冻结实验,结合光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征试样冲击前后微观组织的变化,研究了再结晶组织对TA2纯钛绝热剪切行为的影响。结果表明,随着退火保温时间的延长,试样再结晶晶粒占比逐渐增大,晶粒分布由分散向局部聚集转变;在相同应变和应变率下,在所有试样中都观察到了绝热剪切带,再结晶晶粒占比高的试样更易诱发绝热剪切带中裂纹形核扩展。对比变形前后试样再结晶组织和几何必需位错变化,结合剪切区整体温升分析发现,再结晶晶粒作为材料软化点能够诱发剪切带的形成,而剪切带发展后期产生的绝热温升会促进剪切带内材料发生二次再结晶,提高剪切带内材料的韧性,延缓剪切裂纹的形成。

拉伸模式对介电弹性体发电机性能影响的研究

为探究介电弹性体发电机发电量与其拉伸变形的关系,采用单轴、纯剪切与双轴3种拉伸模式进行介电弹性体发电机发电性能的实验研究。分析了介电弹性体发电机在3种拉伸模式下电压、电容、电极涂覆面积与拉伸率的关系,实验研究了3种拉伸模式下介电弹性体发电机输出电压、实际产生电能、拉力与其变形量的关系及介电弹性体的破裂极限。实验和研究结果表明,双轴拉伸模式下介电弹性体的破裂极限最大,在面积变换率大于4倍时电能出现大幅度提升,可实现介电弹性体的能量密度最大化。

CFRP的剪切力阻效应

自制装置构造构件的平面纯剪切变形,将薄层状的树脂基碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)粘贴在构件的纯剪切区域表面,在弹性范围内分析了CFRP的电阻对平面纯剪切变形的响应。实验结果表明,剪应变导致单向连续碳纤维增强的CFRP的纵向电阻变化不明显,其剪切力阻效应灵敏度约为0.16;碳纤维毡增强的CFRP具有显著的剪切力阻效应,其电阻表现出随剪应变线性的可恢复的增加,其剪切力阻效应灵敏度约为2.58。结合线应变致力阻效应产生机制,并通过CFRP细观结构的分析得出,纤维的随机乱向分布及纤维搭接形态的多样性是碳纤维毡增强的CFRP存在剪切力阻效应的主要原因。

铝合金在三种应力状态下的力学性能研究及断口分析

通过对铝合金(6063)进行平板拉伸试验、带缺口的平板拉伸试验及纯剪切试验,研究了铝合金在三种应力下的力学性能.宏观试验结果发现:平板拉伸时的断裂应变大于带缺口拉伸时的断裂应变,而平板拉伸时的屈服应力及峰值应力小于带缺口拉伸时的屈服应力和峰值应力,剪切时材料的断裂剪应变远远大于平板拉伸时的断裂应变.三种应力状态下试样的断口也明显不同:缺口试样根部明显发生了颈缩现象,而且断面上存在着大量的韧窝;平板拉伸几乎没有发生颈缩现象,断面上的韧窝和剪切唇各占一定的比例;纯剪切试样断口上几乎以剪切唇为主.

伸展盆地地表热流值的模拟计算——以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例

伸展盆地的大地热流值可以认为是由地幔热流、地壳内部和盆地沉积物生热效应以及岩石圈和沉积物导热性质等多个因素综合叠加的结果。本文根据传热学理论,分析了纯剪切模式条件下伸展盆地内的地表热流值贡献的分布规律及其与伸展因子的理想关系,认为深部热源的能量、伸展因子大小、地壳浅层的生热性质以及盆地构造位置是控制盆地热流高低和展布的关键因素。结合沉积地层的导热性质、放射性元素的生热效应、岩浆底侵和火山作用等因素对大地热流的影响,对纯剪切模型进行了改进,并以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷为例,计算了研究区的现今地表热流分布,得到了与正演模拟相接近的结果,验证了该方法思路的有效性。同时对该地区幕式伸展裂陷过程中的地表热流值变化趋势进行了模拟,认为在不同的伸展裂陷幕地表热流值表现为阶段式的升高,在末期达到最大值。

介电弹性体卷形换能器设计与参数优化

为研究介电弹性体(DE)换能器在纯剪切拉伸模式下的发电特性,利用弹簧制作了具有预拉伸特性的DE卷形换能器,并结合Neo-Hooken模型建立了DE卷形换能器在纯剪切拉伸模式下的机电耦合数学模型,运用Matlab/Simulink软件建立了DE卷形换能器的纯剪切发电仿真模型,对DE卷形换能器的发电特性及不同弹簧系数对其发电特性的影响进行了仿真。对DE卷形换能器进行了实验,并与仿真结果对比。仿真与实验结果表明,DE卷形换能器发电特性优于一般拉伸模式换能器;在相同的拉伸条件及初始电压下,在预拉伸限制范围内,弹簧弹性系数越大其发电特性越好。

921A钢纯剪切帽状试件在SHPB实验中的动态变形

应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件,开展了一系列基于921A钢纯剪切帽状试件的SHPB数值模拟。结合SHPB系统应力波理论,研究不同加载速率v0(或应力脉冲σI(t))下,特别是高应变率(约106s-1)下的压杆轴向应变波形以及相应的试件动态变形特性,并对高速撞击下压杆中应变波形的适用性作了相关讨论。

921A钢纯剪切帽状试件绝热剪切变形的数值模拟

结合相关实验,通过一系列基于921A钢纯剪切帽状试件的SHPB数值模拟,研究试件的绝热剪切行为,分析试件内绝热剪切带(ASB)的产生、发展以及相应的试件温度场分布。研究发现:ASB是通过剪切区两端高温高应变的不稳定区域的扩展而形成;ASB的扩展速率与加载速率相关;在本文加载速率范围内,ASB带宽无明显变化,均为约70μm,基本与所设计的试件剪切区宽度一致;且对应所有加载速率,ASB均为形变带。

平面纯剪切大变形应变分析

本文详细分析了平面纯剪切大变形的应变情况，推导了真应变计算公式，讨论了各种公式的应用范围，并给出了部分计算结果。