The mitigation of environmental and energy crises could be advanced by reclaiming platinum group precious metals(PGMs) from decommissioned air purification catalysts. However, the complexity of catalyst composition an...The mitigation of environmental and energy crises could be advanced by reclaiming platinum group precious metals(PGMs) from decommissioned air purification catalysts. However, the complexity of catalyst composition and the high chemical inertness of PGMs significantly impede this process. Consequently,recovering PGMs from used industrial catalysts is crucial and challenging. This study delves into an environmentally friendly approach to selectively recover PGMs from commercial air purifiers using photocatalytic redox technology. Our investigation focuses on devising a comprehensive strategy for treating three-way catalysts employed in automotive exhaust treatment. By meticulously pretreating and modifying reaction conditions, we achieved noteworthy results, completely dissolving and separating rhodium(Rh), palladium(Pd), and platinum(Pt) within a 12-h time frame. Importantly, the solubility selectivity persists despite the remarkably similar physicochemical properties of Rh, Pd, and Pt. To bolster the environmental sustainability of our method, we harness sunlight as the energy source to activate the photocatalysts, facilitating the complete dissolution of precious metals under natural light irradiation. This ecofriendly recovery approach demonstrated on commercial air purifiers, exhibits promise for broader application to a diverse range of deactivated air purification catalysts, potentially enabling implementation on a large scale.展开更多
Platinum(Pt)is a critical raw material for automotive catalytic converters due to its high-temperature stability,corrosion resistance and catalytic activity,whereas its limited primary resources and uneven distributio...Platinum(Pt)is a critical raw material for automotive catalytic converters due to its high-temperature stability,corrosion resistance and catalytic activity,whereas its limited primary resources and uneven distribution make it hard to meet the growing demand of platinum.Spent automotive catalyst(SAC)is currently the most important secondary resource of platinum,of which the platinum content is much higher than that of the primary platinum resources.The recovery process of platinum from spent automobile catalyst mainly consists of pretreatment followed by enrichment and refining,involving pyro-and hydrometallurgical techniques,among which enrichment and refining processes are extremely important for platinum recovery from spent automobile catalyst.This paper provides an overview of the technologies for platinum recovery from spent automotive catalyst.The emphasis is placed on the processes of enrichment and refining based on hydrometallurgical techniques.Future directions of research and development of platinum recovery from spent automobile catalyst are also proposed.展开更多
如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量...如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0211004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22176128 and 22236005)+7 种基金the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2023ZKZD50)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader (21XD1422800)Shanghai Government (22dz1205400 and 23520711100)Chinese Education Ministry Key Laboratory and International Joint Laboratory on Resource ChemistryShanghai Eastern Scholar Programthe “111 Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base on Photochemical and Energy Materials” (D18020)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering (18DZ2254200)Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis。
文摘The mitigation of environmental and energy crises could be advanced by reclaiming platinum group precious metals(PGMs) from decommissioned air purification catalysts. However, the complexity of catalyst composition and the high chemical inertness of PGMs significantly impede this process. Consequently,recovering PGMs from used industrial catalysts is crucial and challenging. This study delves into an environmentally friendly approach to selectively recover PGMs from commercial air purifiers using photocatalytic redox technology. Our investigation focuses on devising a comprehensive strategy for treating three-way catalysts employed in automotive exhaust treatment. By meticulously pretreating and modifying reaction conditions, we achieved noteworthy results, completely dissolving and separating rhodium(Rh), palladium(Pd), and platinum(Pt) within a 12-h time frame. Importantly, the solubility selectivity persists despite the remarkably similar physicochemical properties of Rh, Pd, and Pt. To bolster the environmental sustainability of our method, we harness sunlight as the energy source to activate the photocatalysts, facilitating the complete dissolution of precious metals under natural light irradiation. This ecofriendly recovery approach demonstrated on commercial air purifiers, exhibits promise for broader application to a diverse range of deactivated air purification catalysts, potentially enabling implementation on a large scale.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2108085J26)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51904003 and U1703130)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan of Anhui Province(No.2022n07020004)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization(No.CNMRCUKF2208)。
文摘Platinum(Pt)is a critical raw material for automotive catalytic converters due to its high-temperature stability,corrosion resistance and catalytic activity,whereas its limited primary resources and uneven distribution make it hard to meet the growing demand of platinum.Spent automotive catalyst(SAC)is currently the most important secondary resource of platinum,of which the platinum content is much higher than that of the primary platinum resources.The recovery process of platinum from spent automobile catalyst mainly consists of pretreatment followed by enrichment and refining,involving pyro-and hydrometallurgical techniques,among which enrichment and refining processes are extremely important for platinum recovery from spent automobile catalyst.This paper provides an overview of the technologies for platinum recovery from spent automotive catalyst.The emphasis is placed on the processes of enrichment and refining based on hydrometallurgical techniques.Future directions of research and development of platinum recovery from spent automobile catalyst are also proposed.
文摘如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。
