Effects of erythromycin on pressure in pyloric antrum and plasma motilin and somatostatin content in dogs

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抗酸剂在功能性消化不良中的应用

胃部(上腹部)疼痛、不适、饱胀、少食即饱、恶心、胀气、胃灼热等是消化不良的常见症状.患者可以有一种也可以同时有几种上述症状.许多疾病例如胃十二指肠溃疡、胃癌、胆囊炎、胆石症、胰腺疾病、胃食管反流性疾病和肠易激综合征都可以出现消化不良的症状.有消化不良症状的人排除了上述疾病则称为功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD).1功能性消化不良的诊断最近发表的功能性胃肠道紊乱(functional gastrointestinaldisorders)的罗马Ⅱ分类体系是以症状为基础的诊断标准.

胃力治疗胃动力障碍的临床研究

目的观察中药胃力对胃动力障碍的治疗效果．方法胃动力障碍患者60例，应用胃力（主要由柴胡、厚朴、枳实、大黄、仙鹤草等12味中药组成）进行治疗，其中胃窦动力低下18例（30．0％），胃动过速8例（13．3％），胃动过缓20例（33．3％），幽门开闭异常14例（23．3％），伴肠液（胆汁）反流者16例（26．7％），胃下垂者8例（13．3％）、男32例，女28例，年龄20岁～69岁，其中30岁～59岁者42例（70％），病程1wk～2a．临床表现为饱胀50例，早饱42例，上腹痛44例，嗳气32例，便干41例．1mo1疗程，疗程结束后对患者的临床症状、胃窦动力及幽门功能的改善情况进行分析，并与吗丁啉治疗对照组比较，结果经胃力治疗1mo后，临床症状痊愈48例，好转8例，无效4例，总有效率93．3％．18例胃窦动力低下中16例转为正常，8例胃动过速中7例转为正常，20例胃动过缓中18例转为正常，14例幽门开闭异常中12例转为正常，胃动力障碍总有效率为88．3％．吗丁啉组40例，临床症状痊愈16例，好转14例，无效10例，总有效率为75．0％，两组治疗结果经统计学处理，有显著性差异（P＜0．05）．结论胃力能促进、调整胃肠动力，对胃动力障碍有良好的治疗作用．

Mechanisms mediating cholinergic antral circular smooth muscle contraction in rats

AIM: To investigate the pathway (s) mediating rat antral circular smooth muscle contractile responses to the cholinomimetic agent, bebhanechol and the subtypes of muscarinic receptors mediating the cholinergic contraction. METHODS: Circular smooth muscle strips from the antrum of Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted in muscle baths in Krebs buffer. Isometric tension was recorded. Cumulative concentration-response curves were obtained for (+)-cisdioxolane (cD), a nonspecific muscarinic agonist, at 10^-8-10^-4mol/L, in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX, 10^-7mol/L). Results were normalized to cross sectional area. A repeat concentration-response curve was obtained after incubation of the muscle for 90min wibh antagonists for M1(pirenzepine), M2(methoctramine) and M3(darifenacin) muscarinic receptor subtypes. The sensitivity to PTX was tested by the ip injection of 100mg/kg of PTX 5d before the experiment. The antral circular smooth muscles were removed from PTX-treated and non-treated rats as strips and dispersed smooth muscle cells to identify whether PTX-linked pathway mediated the contractility to bethanechol. RESULTS: A dose-dependent contractile response observed with bethanechol, was not affected by TTX. The pretreatment of rats with pertussis toxin decreased the contraction induced by bethanechol. Lack of calcium as well as the presence of the L-type calcium channel blocker, nifedipine, also inhibited the cholinergic contraction, with a reduction in responsefrom 2.5±0.4g/mm^2 to 1.2±0.4g/mm^2(P<0.05), The doseresponse curves were shifted to the right by muscarinic antagonists in the following order of affinity: darifenacin (M3)>methocramine (M2)>pirenzepine (M1). CONCLUSION: The muscarinic receptors-dependent contraction of rat antral circular smooth muscles was linked to the signal transduction pabhway(s) involving pertussis-toxin sensitive GTP-binding proteins and to extracellular calcium via L-type voltage gated calcium channels. The presence of the residual contractile response after the treatment with nifedipine, suggests that an additional pathway could mediate the cholinergic contraction. The involvement of more than one muscarinic receptor (functionally predominant type 3 over type 2) also suggests more than one pathway mediating the cholinergic contraction in rat antrum.

手术联合125I放射粒子及化疗治疗晚期幽门窦癌的临床研究

目的：探讨手术联合125I放射粒子及静脉化疗治疗晚期幽门窦癌的效果。方法分析45例晚期幽门窦癌患者资料，比较手术联合125I放射粒子及静脉化疗组（A组，23例）与静脉化疗组（B组，22例）患者营养状况、生命质量及生存时间。结果 A组从治疗后至不能经口进食时间平均10.22个月，与B组（6.32个月）相比差异有统计学意义（t＝3.765，P＝0.001），随访3个月A、B两组生命质量评分分别为（73.48±19.21）、（59.09±24.86）分，随访9个月分别为（42.17±14.55）、（32.05±21.10）分，差异均有统计学意义（t＝2.178，P＝0.035；t＝3.430，P＝0.001），随访3、9个月两组营养状况差异有统计学意义（χ2＝9.846，P＝0.020；χ2＝7.713，P＝0.049）。随访9个月，A组死亡7例，B组死亡13例，两组差异有统计学意义（χ2＝3.964，P＝0.046），随访12个月两组总体生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0.119）。结论手术联合125I放射粒子及静脉化疗可以改善晚期幽门窦癌患者营养状况，提高生命质量，在治疗后1年内延长患者生命。