为确定黑龙江省某养殖场因呼吸道症状急性死亡病猪的致病菌,并探究其主要生物学特性,本研究采集病死猪内脏组织,通过细菌分离、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S r RNA基因的PCR扩增、测序、系统进化树的构建对分离菌进行种属鉴定;通过微量肉...为确定黑龙江省某养殖场因呼吸道症状急性死亡病猪的致病菌,并探究其主要生物学特性,本研究采集病死猪内脏组织,通过细菌分离、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S r RNA基因的PCR扩增、测序、系统进化树的构建对分离菌进行种属鉴定;通过微量肉汤稀释法分析该菌对8类10种抗生素的敏感性;通过Illumina PE150对细菌全基因组测序,采用ResFinder软件分析分离菌的耐药基因,并分析耐药基因与耐药表型的相关性。利用VFanalyzer软件、BLASTN比对分离菌的毒力基因。结果显示,该菌株在10%脱纤维羊血平板培养基上培养24 h后形成表面光滑具有β-溶血环的单菌落;革兰氏染色结果显示呈蓝紫色短棒状杆菌;生化鉴定结果显示该分离菌的生化特性与化脓隐秘杆菌符合。16S r RNA基因的PCR结果显示,扩增到1397 bp的目的基因序列,与GenBank中序列比对结果显示该菌株与已报道的化脓隐秘杆菌同源性高达99%。16S r RNA基因系统进化树分析结果显示分离菌与辽宁沈阳的牛源化脓隐秘杆株TZQ 01株处于同一分支,与日本的猪源分离株NIAH13531处于较近分支,以上结果可确定该分离菌为化脓隐秘杆菌,并将其命名为FY-4-Z-1。药敏试验结果显示,该菌株对头孢菌素类的头孢噻呋,青霉素类的青霉素、阿莫西林,大环内酯类的红霉素,截短侧耳素类的泰妙菌素等抗生素敏感,对四环素类的四环素,氨基糖苷类的链霉素耐药。利用组装软件SPAdes对获得的全基因组测序数据组装后获得了分离菌全基因组草图,结果显示分离菌基因组大小为2399.961 kb;耐药基因分析结果显示,该菌株基因组包含3种耐药基因,分别是氨基糖苷类的ant(6)-la、大环内脂类的erm(X)、四环素类的tet(W)耐药基因,其中在化脓隐秘杆菌中首次检测到ant(6)-la基因。该菌株对四环素和链霉素的药敏试验结果与其耐药基因检测结果相符,而红霉素敏感表型可能与其耐药基因erm(X)的移码突变有关。利用BLASTN和VFanalyzer软件进行毒力基因检测,结果显示共检测到8个已知毒力基因和24个候选毒力相关基因。本实验进一步丰富了猪源化脓隐秘杆菌的相关研究,为规模化猪场化脓隐秘杆菌病的防治提供了重要的参考依据和用药指导。展开更多
Background: Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus) is an important Gram-positive human pathogen affected the upper respiratory tract, such as the tonsils and pharynx, and is also induces post-infection disease...Background: Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus) is an important Gram-positive human pathogen affected the upper respiratory tract, such as the tonsils and pharynx, and is also induces post-infection diseases such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. This study aim to isolate Streptococcus pyogenes from children with pharyngitis and to evaluate the molecular identification of S. pyogenes compared with conventional methods. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on total of 200 throat swab samples which were collected from children with pharyngitis referred to Wad medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital and Wad medani ENT hospital from January to November 2021. Demographic and clinical data were collected by questionnaire. Throat swabs were tested with the standard microbiological techniques to isolated Group A streptococcus (GAS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to all GAS isolates using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Additionally, PCR was used to identify Spy 1258 gene of isolated bacteria. Results: From all throat swab samples screened, 51 isolates (25.5%) were identified as GAS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that all the GAS isolates were sensitive to Penicillin and Azithromycin. Sensitivity to Erythromycin, Gentamicin, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin and Cephalexin were 88.2%, 86.3%, 45.1%, 41.2%, 13.7%, respectively. Based on PCR identification of Spy 1258 gene the percentage of isolated bacteria was 21%. Conclusion: The rate of isolated Streptococcus pyogenes was 25.5% by conventional methods and 21% by PCR. The bacteria were sensitive to Penicillin and Azithromycin. The Spy 1258 gene was specific for detection of Streptococcus pyogenes.展开更多
Background The bacterial endotoxins test （BET） is a method used to detect or quantify endotoxins （lipo-polysaccharide,LPS） and is widely used in the quality control of parenteral medicines/vaccines and clinical di...Background The bacterial endotoxins test （BET） is a method used to detect or quantify endotoxins （lipo-polysaccharide,LPS） and is widely used in the quality control of parenteral medicines/vaccines and clinical dialysis fluid.It is also used in the diagnosis of endotoxemia and in detection of environment air quality control.Although BET has been adopted by most pharmacopoeias,result judgment algorithms （RJAs） of the test for interfering factors in the BET still differ between certain pharmacopoeias.We have evaluated RJAs of the test for interfering factors for the revision of BET described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 （CHP2010）.Methods Original data from 1 748 samples were judged by RJAs of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010,the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 2011 （JP2011）,the European Pharmacopoeia 7.0 （EP7.0）,the United States Pharmacopoeia 36 （USP36）,and the Indian Pharmacopoeia 2010 （IP2010）,respectively.A SAS software package was used in the statistical analysis.Results The results using CHP2010 and USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 had no significant difference （P=-0.7740）.The results using CHP2010 of 1 748 samples showed that 132 samples （7.6%） required an additional step; nevertheless there was no such requirement when using the other pharmacopeias.The kappa value of two RJAs （CHP2010 and EP7.0） was 0.6900 （0.6297-0.7504） indicating that the CHP2010 and other pharmacopoeias have good consistency.Conclusions The results using CHP2010 and USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 have different characteristics.CHP2010 method shows a good performance in Specificity,mistake diagnostic rate,agreement rate,predictive value for suspicious rate,and predictive value for passed rate.The CHP2010 method only had disadvantages in sensitivity compared with other pharmacopeias.We suggest that the Chinese pharmacopoeia interference test be revised in accordance with the USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 judgment model.展开更多
文摘为确定黑龙江省某养殖场因呼吸道症状急性死亡病猪的致病菌,并探究其主要生物学特性,本研究采集病死猪内脏组织,通过细菌分离、革兰氏染色、生化鉴定、16S r RNA基因的PCR扩增、测序、系统进化树的构建对分离菌进行种属鉴定;通过微量肉汤稀释法分析该菌对8类10种抗生素的敏感性;通过Illumina PE150对细菌全基因组测序,采用ResFinder软件分析分离菌的耐药基因,并分析耐药基因与耐药表型的相关性。利用VFanalyzer软件、BLASTN比对分离菌的毒力基因。结果显示,该菌株在10%脱纤维羊血平板培养基上培养24 h后形成表面光滑具有β-溶血环的单菌落;革兰氏染色结果显示呈蓝紫色短棒状杆菌;生化鉴定结果显示该分离菌的生化特性与化脓隐秘杆菌符合。16S r RNA基因的PCR结果显示,扩增到1397 bp的目的基因序列,与GenBank中序列比对结果显示该菌株与已报道的化脓隐秘杆菌同源性高达99%。16S r RNA基因系统进化树分析结果显示分离菌与辽宁沈阳的牛源化脓隐秘杆株TZQ 01株处于同一分支,与日本的猪源分离株NIAH13531处于较近分支,以上结果可确定该分离菌为化脓隐秘杆菌,并将其命名为FY-4-Z-1。药敏试验结果显示,该菌株对头孢菌素类的头孢噻呋,青霉素类的青霉素、阿莫西林,大环内酯类的红霉素,截短侧耳素类的泰妙菌素等抗生素敏感,对四环素类的四环素,氨基糖苷类的链霉素耐药。利用组装软件SPAdes对获得的全基因组测序数据组装后获得了分离菌全基因组草图,结果显示分离菌基因组大小为2399.961 kb;耐药基因分析结果显示,该菌株基因组包含3种耐药基因,分别是氨基糖苷类的ant(6)-la、大环内脂类的erm(X)、四环素类的tet(W)耐药基因,其中在化脓隐秘杆菌中首次检测到ant(6)-la基因。该菌株对四环素和链霉素的药敏试验结果与其耐药基因检测结果相符,而红霉素敏感表型可能与其耐药基因erm(X)的移码突变有关。利用BLASTN和VFanalyzer软件进行毒力基因检测,结果显示共检测到8个已知毒力基因和24个候选毒力相关基因。本实验进一步丰富了猪源化脓隐秘杆菌的相关研究,为规模化猪场化脓隐秘杆菌病的防治提供了重要的参考依据和用药指导。
文摘Background: Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus) is an important Gram-positive human pathogen affected the upper respiratory tract, such as the tonsils and pharynx, and is also induces post-infection diseases such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. This study aim to isolate Streptococcus pyogenes from children with pharyngitis and to evaluate the molecular identification of S. pyogenes compared with conventional methods. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on total of 200 throat swab samples which were collected from children with pharyngitis referred to Wad medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital and Wad medani ENT hospital from January to November 2021. Demographic and clinical data were collected by questionnaire. Throat swabs were tested with the standard microbiological techniques to isolated Group A streptococcus (GAS). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to all GAS isolates using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method according to clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines. Additionally, PCR was used to identify Spy 1258 gene of isolated bacteria. Results: From all throat swab samples screened, 51 isolates (25.5%) were identified as GAS. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that all the GAS isolates were sensitive to Penicillin and Azithromycin. Sensitivity to Erythromycin, Gentamicin, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin and Cephalexin were 88.2%, 86.3%, 45.1%, 41.2%, 13.7%, respectively. Based on PCR identification of Spy 1258 gene the percentage of isolated bacteria was 21%. Conclusion: The rate of isolated Streptococcus pyogenes was 25.5% by conventional methods and 21% by PCR. The bacteria were sensitive to Penicillin and Azithromycin. The Spy 1258 gene was specific for detection of Streptococcus pyogenes.
文摘Background The bacterial endotoxins test （BET） is a method used to detect or quantify endotoxins （lipo-polysaccharide,LPS） and is widely used in the quality control of parenteral medicines/vaccines and clinical dialysis fluid.It is also used in the diagnosis of endotoxemia and in detection of environment air quality control.Although BET has been adopted by most pharmacopoeias,result judgment algorithms （RJAs） of the test for interfering factors in the BET still differ between certain pharmacopoeias.We have evaluated RJAs of the test for interfering factors for the revision of BET described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 （CHP2010）.Methods Original data from 1 748 samples were judged by RJAs of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010,the Japanese Pharmacopoeia 2011 （JP2011）,the European Pharmacopoeia 7.0 （EP7.0）,the United States Pharmacopoeia 36 （USP36）,and the Indian Pharmacopoeia 2010 （IP2010）,respectively.A SAS software package was used in the statistical analysis.Results The results using CHP2010 and USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 had no significant difference （P=-0.7740）.The results using CHP2010 of 1 748 samples showed that 132 samples （7.6%） required an additional step; nevertheless there was no such requirement when using the other pharmacopeias.The kappa value of two RJAs （CHP2010 and EP7.0） was 0.6900 （0.6297-0.7504） indicating that the CHP2010 and other pharmacopoeias have good consistency.Conclusions The results using CHP2010 and USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 have different characteristics.CHP2010 method shows a good performance in Specificity,mistake diagnostic rate,agreement rate,predictive value for suspicious rate,and predictive value for passed rate.The CHP2010 method only had disadvantages in sensitivity compared with other pharmacopeias.We suggest that the Chinese pharmacopoeia interference test be revised in accordance with the USP36,JP2011,EP7.0,and IP2010 judgment model.
