三聚吡啶类缓蚀阻垢双效药剂的实验及理论研究

通过阻垢率和缓蚀效率测试考察了三聚吡啶双效药剂的缓蚀、阻垢性能,运用电化学测试技术,结合密度泛函理论和分子动力学模拟计算,探讨了其缓蚀和阻垢机理。结果表明,在油田模拟水溶液中,该药剂对碳钢的缓蚀效率高达79.32%,对CaCO_(3)的阻垢效率为93.47%。随着药剂浓度的增大,自腐蚀电位不断正移,极化电阻RP逐渐增大,自腐蚀电流密度显著降低,三聚吡啶的缓蚀作用机理为“几何覆盖效应型”缓蚀剂,其中阳极吸附阻滞作用更为明显。三聚吡啶分子结构中的吡啶环和Br原子位置的LUMO和HOMO轨道较强,其为三聚吡啶分子与Ca^(2+)螯合阻垢和碳钢表面吸附缓蚀的活性位点;烷基链长对APMC分子与真空中Ca^(2+)的螯合强度不具有显著影响,但随着烷基链长增大,其与Ca^(2+)的螯合阻垢倾向降低,与Fe(110)表面的吸附缓蚀倾向显著增大。

在Diels-Alder反应中一种新的二烯──1─(2-丁二烯基)吡啶溴化物

１－（３－二无氧化硫杂环戊－３－烯基）吡啶溴化物（４）作为新的带正电荷的二烯（６）的稳定的前体，它与一些缺电子的亲双烯体发生［４＋２］环加成反应。

Efficient Synthesis of Spiro[furan-3,3＇-indoline] Derivatives via Reactions of Pyridinium Salts with Isatinylidene Acetoacetates

An efficient synthetic procedure for the functionalized spiro[furan-3,3＇-indoline] derivatives was successfully developed by domino reactions of N-phenacylpyridinium bromides or N-ethoxycarbonylmethylenepyridinium bro- mide with isatinylidene acetoacetate in the presence of triethylamine in ethanol at room temperature. The mecha- nism included sequential Michael addition of the in situ generated pyridinium ylide and intramolecular substitution of enolate.