A computational study on the mechanism for the decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetaldehyde catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory is presented. The model employed is self-con...A computational study on the mechanism for the decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetaldehyde catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory is presented. The model employed is self-contained and it does not resort to external groups to provide protons to the various structures in the mechanism. The potential energy surface points at the intramolecular proton transfer from the amino group of the pyrimidine ring in the enamine intermediate to the enol exocyclic carbon as the rate-determining step (with a barrier of 20.55 kcal·mol–1). This value is in reasonable agreement with an estimated barrier of 24.76 kcal·mol–1, derived from the experimental rate constant (4.0 10–5 s–1) for the decarboxylation of α-lactylthiamin.展开更多
Pyruvate, a final metabolite of glycogen, is widely distributed over many kinds of tissue fluids of human bodys. The determination for its contents is of clinical importance in gynaecology. Titrimetry, colorimetry and...Pyruvate, a final metabolite of glycogen, is widely distributed over many kinds of tissue fluids of human bodys. The determination for its contents is of clinical importance in gynaecology. Titrimetry, colorimetry and chromatography are common used methods. In recent years, enzymatic mthod has proved to be one of the most important determination techniques for its simplicity and fastness. However, in some cases, the use of purified enzymes as biocatalysts yields systems with a short useful lifetime owing, to enzyme instability A tiss展开更多
目的:分别构建含有酿酒酵母丙酮酸脱羧酶基因pdc1和pdc5同源序列loxP-kanMX-loxP的质粒,敲除丙酮酸脱羧酶基因。方法:以两端含40 bp pdc1或pdc5的同源序列为引物,以pUG6质粒DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增loxP-kanMX-loxP基因敲除片段,将其分别...目的:分别构建含有酿酒酵母丙酮酸脱羧酶基因pdc1和pdc5同源序列loxP-kanMX-loxP的质粒,敲除丙酮酸脱羧酶基因。方法:以两端含40 bp pdc1或pdc5的同源序列为引物,以pUG6质粒DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增loxP-kanMX-loxP基因敲除片段,将其分别插入pMD18-T、pEASY-T3,构建表达载体pTWCL-PDC1与pTWCL-PDC5并测序,构建后的质粒利用醋酸锂转化法转化酿酒酵母H5,经筛选鉴定后进行摇瓶发酵试验。结果:分别含有1693、1672 bp目的片段pdc1-loxP-kanMX、pdc5-loxP-kanMX的质粒pTWCL-PDC1与pTWCL-PDC5构建成功,发酵试验显示重组酿酒酵母H5-01与H5-02较原始菌株的乙醇产量分别下降了14.53%与17.54%,证明pdc1或pdc5基因被敲除。结论:利用Cre-loxP重组酶技术分别敲除了酿酒酵母pdc1和pdc5基因,为后续在酿酒酵母中连续敲除pdc1和pdc5奠定了良好的技术基础。展开更多
As a new biofuel, isobutanol has received more attentions in recent years. Because of its high tolerance to higher alcohols, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has potential advantages as a platform microbe to produce isobutano...As a new biofuel, isobutanol has received more attentions in recent years. Because of its high tolerance to higher alcohols, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has potential advantages as a platform microbe to produce isobutanol. In this study, we investigated integration effects of enhancing valine biosynthesis by overexpression of ILV2 and BAT2 with eliminating ethanol formation by deletion of PDC6 and decreasing acetyl-Co A biosynthesis by deletion of LPD1 on isobutanol titers. Our results showed that deletion of LPD1 in strains overexpressing BAT2 and ILV2 increased isobutanol titer by 5.3-fold compared with control strain. Additional deletion of PDC6 in lpd1Δ strains carrying overexpressed BAT2 and ILV2 further increased isobutanol titer by 1.5 fold. Overexpression of BAT2 and ILV2 in lpd1Δ strains and pdc6Δ strains decreased ethanol titers. Glycerol titers of the engineered strains did not have greater changes than that of control strain, while their acetic acid titers were higher, perhaps due to the imbalance of cofactors in isobutanol synthesis. Our researches suggest that double-gene deletion of PDC6 and LPD1 in strains overexpressing BAT2 and ILV2 could increase isobutanol production dramatically than single-gene deletion of PDC6 or LPD1. This study reveals the integration effects of overexpression of ILV2/BAT2 and double-gene deletion of LPD1 and PDC6 on isobutanol production, and helps understanding future developments of engineered strains for producing isobutanol.展开更多
Acetoin is an important platform chemical,which has a wide range of applications in many industries.Halomonas bluephagenesis,a chassis for next generation of industrial biotechnology,has advantages of fast growth and ...Acetoin is an important platform chemical,which has a wide range of applications in many industries.Halomonas bluephagenesis,a chassis for next generation of industrial biotechnology,has advantages of fast growth and high tolerance to organic acid salts and alkaline environment.Here,α-acetolactate synthase andα-acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis 168 were co-expressed in H.bluephagenesis to produce acetoin from pyruvate.After reaction condition optimization and further increase ofα-acetolactate decarboxylase expression,acetoin production and yield were significantly enhanced to 223.4 mmol·L^(-1) and 0.491 mol·mol^(-1) from 125.4 mmol·L^(-1) and 0.333 mol·mol^(-1),respectively.Finally,the highest titer of 974.3 mmol·L^(-1)(85.84 g·L^(-1))of acetoin was accumulated from 2143.4 mmol·L^(-1)(188.6 g·L^(-1))of pyruvic acid within 8 h in fed-batch bioconversion under optimal reaction conditions.Moreover,the reusability of the cell catalysis was also tested,and the result illustrated that the whole-cell catalysis obtained 433.3,440.2,379.0,442.8 and 339.4 mmol·L^(-1)(38.2,38.8,33.4,39.0 and 29.9 g·L^(-1))acetoin in five repeated cycles under the same conditions.This work therefore provided an efficient H.bluephagenesis whole-cell catalysis with a broad development prospect in biosynthesis of acetoin.展开更多
以运动发酵单胞菌的总DNA为模板,PCR扩增Zym om onas m obilis中的乙醇脱氢酶基因(adhB)和丙酮酸脱羧酶基因(p d c)。首先进行单个基因表达,基因表达产物经SDS-PAGE电泳分析和乙醛指示平板检测,确认有酶活性后,将这2个基因串联构建多顺...以运动发酵单胞菌的总DNA为模板,PCR扩增Zym om onas m obilis中的乙醇脱氢酶基因(adhB)和丙酮酸脱羧酶基因(p d c)。首先进行单个基因表达,基因表达产物经SDS-PAGE电泳分析和乙醛指示平板检测,确认有酶活性后,将这2个基因串联构建多顺反子表达质粒pSE-p d c-adhB,转入大肠杆菌DH 5α内,得重组工程菌株。工程菌株经IPTG诱导,分别在含10%葡萄糖和10%木糖培养基中于37℃培养72 h,有乙醇产生,酒精产率分别为对照菌株21倍和5倍。展开更多
文摘A computational study on the mechanism for the decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetaldehyde catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of theory is presented. The model employed is self-contained and it does not resort to external groups to provide protons to the various structures in the mechanism. The potential energy surface points at the intramolecular proton transfer from the amino group of the pyrimidine ring in the enamine intermediate to the enol exocyclic carbon as the rate-determining step (with a barrier of 20.55 kcal·mol–1). This value is in reasonable agreement with an estimated barrier of 24.76 kcal·mol–1, derived from the experimental rate constant (4.0 10–5 s–1) for the decarboxylation of α-lactylthiamin.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Pyruvate, a final metabolite of glycogen, is widely distributed over many kinds of tissue fluids of human bodys. The determination for its contents is of clinical importance in gynaecology. Titrimetry, colorimetry and chromatography are common used methods. In recent years, enzymatic mthod has proved to be one of the most important determination techniques for its simplicity and fastness. However, in some cases, the use of purified enzymes as biocatalysts yields systems with a short useful lifetime owing, to enzyme instability A tiss
文摘目的:分别构建含有酿酒酵母丙酮酸脱羧酶基因pdc1和pdc5同源序列loxP-kanMX-loxP的质粒,敲除丙酮酸脱羧酶基因。方法:以两端含40 bp pdc1或pdc5的同源序列为引物,以pUG6质粒DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增loxP-kanMX-loxP基因敲除片段,将其分别插入pMD18-T、pEASY-T3,构建表达载体pTWCL-PDC1与pTWCL-PDC5并测序,构建后的质粒利用醋酸锂转化法转化酿酒酵母H5,经筛选鉴定后进行摇瓶发酵试验。结果:分别含有1693、1672 bp目的片段pdc1-loxP-kanMX、pdc5-loxP-kanMX的质粒pTWCL-PDC1与pTWCL-PDC5构建成功,发酵试验显示重组酿酒酵母H5-01与H5-02较原始菌株的乙醇产量分别下降了14.53%与17.54%,证明pdc1或pdc5基因被敲除。结论:利用Cre-loxP重组酶技术分别敲除了酿酒酵母pdc1和pdc5基因,为后续在酿酒酵母中连续敲除pdc1和pdc5奠定了良好的技术基础。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21206028)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(No.20121317120014)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heibei Province(No.B2013202288)the Hebei Provincial Office of Education Science and Technology Research Projects(No.q2012024)the Hebei University of Technology Outstanding Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.2012009)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of System Bioengineering of Ministry of Education of China(Tianjin University)(No.20130315)
文摘As a new biofuel, isobutanol has received more attentions in recent years. Because of its high tolerance to higher alcohols, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has potential advantages as a platform microbe to produce isobutanol. In this study, we investigated integration effects of enhancing valine biosynthesis by overexpression of ILV2 and BAT2 with eliminating ethanol formation by deletion of PDC6 and decreasing acetyl-Co A biosynthesis by deletion of LPD1 on isobutanol titers. Our results showed that deletion of LPD1 in strains overexpressing BAT2 and ILV2 increased isobutanol titer by 5.3-fold compared with control strain. Additional deletion of PDC6 in lpd1Δ strains carrying overexpressed BAT2 and ILV2 further increased isobutanol titer by 1.5 fold. Overexpression of BAT2 and ILV2 in lpd1Δ strains and pdc6Δ strains decreased ethanol titers. Glycerol titers of the engineered strains did not have greater changes than that of control strain, while their acetic acid titers were higher, perhaps due to the imbalance of cofactors in isobutanol synthesis. Our researches suggest that double-gene deletion of PDC6 and LPD1 in strains overexpressing BAT2 and ILV2 could increase isobutanol production dramatically than single-gene deletion of PDC6 or LPD1. This study reveals the integration effects of overexpression of ILV2/BAT2 and double-gene deletion of LPD1 and PDC6 on isobutanol production, and helps understanding future developments of engineered strains for producing isobutanol.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2018YFA0900200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.NSFC-21621004).
文摘Acetoin is an important platform chemical,which has a wide range of applications in many industries.Halomonas bluephagenesis,a chassis for next generation of industrial biotechnology,has advantages of fast growth and high tolerance to organic acid salts and alkaline environment.Here,α-acetolactate synthase andα-acetolactate decarboxylase from Bacillus subtilis 168 were co-expressed in H.bluephagenesis to produce acetoin from pyruvate.After reaction condition optimization and further increase ofα-acetolactate decarboxylase expression,acetoin production and yield were significantly enhanced to 223.4 mmol·L^(-1) and 0.491 mol·mol^(-1) from 125.4 mmol·L^(-1) and 0.333 mol·mol^(-1),respectively.Finally,the highest titer of 974.3 mmol·L^(-1)(85.84 g·L^(-1))of acetoin was accumulated from 2143.4 mmol·L^(-1)(188.6 g·L^(-1))of pyruvic acid within 8 h in fed-batch bioconversion under optimal reaction conditions.Moreover,the reusability of the cell catalysis was also tested,and the result illustrated that the whole-cell catalysis obtained 433.3,440.2,379.0,442.8 and 339.4 mmol·L^(-1)(38.2,38.8,33.4,39.0 and 29.9 g·L^(-1))acetoin in five repeated cycles under the same conditions.This work therefore provided an efficient H.bluephagenesis whole-cell catalysis with a broad development prospect in biosynthesis of acetoin.
文摘以运动发酵单胞菌的总DNA为模板,PCR扩增Zym om onas m obilis中的乙醇脱氢酶基因(adhB)和丙酮酸脱羧酶基因(p d c)。首先进行单个基因表达,基因表达产物经SDS-PAGE电泳分析和乙醛指示平板检测,确认有酶活性后,将这2个基因串联构建多顺反子表达质粒pSE-p d c-adhB,转入大肠杆菌DH 5α内,得重组工程菌株。工程菌株经IPTG诱导,分别在含10%葡萄糖和10%木糖培养基中于37℃培养72 h,有乙醇产生,酒精产率分别为对照菌株21倍和5倍。
