Study on the Biological Basis of Qi, Blood, and Vessel in Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients With Syndrome of Qi Failing to Govern Blood Based on the Theory of Qi and Blood

Objective: To investigate the biological basis of qi, blood and vessel in immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) patients with syndrome of qi failing to govern blood(SQFGB) based on traditional Chinese medicine.Methods: A total of 52 ITP patients with SQFCB were enrolled and divided into bleeding group(38 cases) and non-bleeding group(14 cases).Bleeding group was further divided into mild qi deficiency group(25 cases) and moderate/severe qi deficiency group(13 cases) based on Chinese Medicine syndrome score.20 healthy volunteer were recruited as control group.The count of platelet(PLT) was taken as the blood related indicator.The expressions of cytokines including IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, CD40 L, and TGF-β, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow, were taken as the qi related indicators.The expressions of VEGF-A, detected by Aim Plex Multiple Immunoassays for Flow and NO, NOS, and ET-1 detected by ELISA, were taken as the vessel related indicators.Results: As compared to the control group, the count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in ITP group patients with SQFCB(P<0.05).The expression levels of IL-17 A and TNF-α, taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly higher, while those of CD40 L, IL-1β, and TGF-β, also taken as the qi related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The expression levels of NO and ET-1, taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly higher, while the expression levels of NOS and VEGF-A also taken as the vessel related indicators, were significantly lower in ITP patients with SQFCB, respectively(P<0.05).The count of PLT, taken as the blood related indicator, was significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group(P<0.05).The expression levels of CD40 L and TGF-β, taken as the qi related indicators, were also significantly lower in moderate/severe group than those in mild group, respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion: The count of PLT might be the biological basis of blood.The expressions of NO, NOS, ET-1 and VEGF-A might be the biological basis of vessel.The expressions of IL-1β, IL-17 A, TNF-α, TGF-β, and CD40 L may be the biological basis of qi.The expressions of CD40 L and TGF-β could reflect the degree of qi deficiency in ITP patients based on the theory of qi and blood.

A Discussion on the Constitution Factors of Thin Endometrium Based on the Theory of Qi and Blood

Thin endometrium has been proven to be a key contributing factor leading to infertility and poor pregnancy outcomes.Increasing the thickness and capacity of thin endometrium seems to be one of the challenging issues in reproductive medicine.The states of qi and blood are closely related to uterine blood circulation.Constitution is regarded as an important basis for determining the incidence as well as distinguishing,preventing,and treating diseases in traditional Chinese medicine.Based on the theory of qi and blood,this paper discusses the constitution factors of thin endometrium and puts forward the prospect of using big data tools to investigate the correlation between qi-blood imbalance constitution and the incidence of thin endometrium,so as to explore new approaches for the prevention and treatment of thin endometrium by regulating qi and blood as well as improving the constitution condition.

Combing and exploring the origin and development of diabetic nephropathy based on the theory of collateral disorders

By searching TCM disease names"Xiao Shen","Shen Xiao"and"Xin Xiao",which are considered higher degree of coincidence with diabetic nephropathy according to study.And combined with the theory of collateral disorders,sort out the classic literature of traditional Chinese medicine and modern experts'works in chronological order.To make a preliminary exploration of the origin of diabetic nephropathy based on the theory of collateral disorders.Hope to provide reference for TCM theory and clinical research on treating diabetic nephropathy from the theory of collateral disorders in the future.

A Study on the Theories of Qi in the Middle Ming Dynasty

The revival of qi theory in the middle Ming dynasty is crucial in the development of Confucianism.In this stage,Luo Qinshun,Wang Yangming,Wang Tingxiang,and LüNan discussed issues such as the relationship between li(principle)and qi(vital energy),the relationship between xing(human nature)and qi,and gongfu(e ort)for the theory of qi. e multifaceted debates between them are relevant to the development of Neo-Confucianism and the issues of Confucianism in the Ming and Qing dynasties,demonstrating the features of mid-Ming Confucian theories of qi.A general survey of the four Confucian scholars’theories of qi,especially the transition from li–qi monism to the xing–qi connection,reveals that how to establish the unity between the universe and human nature in the theories of qi became a central concern of mid-Ming Confucianism.In addition,the gongfu for the theory of qi represented a new level of the holistic development of Ming Confucianism,though it su ered setbacks in its development.

Differentiating and Treating Gynecological Diseases based on the Theory of Collateral Diseases

The collateral disease theory is a unique component of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),which is currently applied to all kinds of diseases related to the collaterals.With the in-depth study of collaterals theory by many practitioners,its advantages in differentiating and treating gynecological diseases are gradually embodied.Based on the theory of collaterals disease,we discussed the pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation and treatment of gynecological diseases,concluded that the deficient collaterals under nourishment and the stagnant and blocked uterine collateral are the important pathogenesis of gynecological illness.Then we pointed out that invigorating the spleen and tonifying the kidney,and unblocking collateral and dissipating stasis are important treatment methods.We discussed the application of collateral disease theory in Tianjin HA's gynecology,and provided certain theoretical basis and clinical reference for the treatment of gynecologic diseases.

基于气络学说运用芪归通络口服液联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型慢性疲劳综合征的临床观察

【目的】观察基于气络学说,运用芪归通络口服液(广东省第二中医院院内制剂,由黄芪、当归、三七、赤芍、牛膝、鸡血藤、丹参、地龙等中药组成)联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型慢性疲劳综合征(chronic fatigue syndrome,CFS)的临床疗效。【方法】采用回顾性研究方法,根据治疗方法的不同将60例气虚血瘀型CFS患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组给予艾条温和灸神阙穴治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合芪归通络口服液治疗,疗程为4周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、疲劳量表-14(FS-14)评分、血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG含量及皮质醇(COR)水平的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效和安全性。【结果】(1)疗效方面,治疗4周后,观察组的总有效率为96.67%(29/30),对照组为80.00%(24/30),组间比较,观察组的临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)量表评分方面,治疗后,2组患者的中医证候积分、FS-14评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.01),且观察组对中医证候积分、FS-14评分的降低作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)实验室指标方面,治疗后,2组患者血清IgA、IgG水平以及观察组血清IgM、COR水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.01),且观察组对血清IgA、IgM、IgG及COR水平的升高作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(4)安全性方面,治疗过程中,2组患者均未发生明显不良反应。【结论】基于中医气络学说,以正虚络阻为CFS核心病机,运用补虚通络法,采用芪归通络口服液联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型CFS患者疗效确切,能明显缓解患者的临床症状,提高患者的免疫力水平,调节患者的神经-内分泌-免疫(NEI)网络。

基于毒邪与络病学说探讨免疫炎症在慢性心力衰竭中作用

慢性心力衰竭(以下简称心衰),是各种心脏疾病的终末期阶段,其发病机制与免疫炎症密切相关。免疫细胞激活后,产生大量炎症因子,损伤心肌细胞,导致心肌纤维化、心室重构等病理改变。“毒损心络”是心衰发生、发展的主要病机,贯穿心衰发展的始终,以不同的形式影响心衰的发展及预后。该文通过查阅相关文献,基于毒邪与络病学说,从免疫炎症与心衰的关系及中药防治进行系统梳理,提出心衰早期,以心气虚为主,兼心气阴虚,尚未化毒、入络;心衰中期,心气亏虚为本,痰浊、瘀血、水饮留滞络脉,有化毒、入络趋势;心衰晚期,痰、瘀、水蕴结成毒,损伤心络。中药以复方治疗为主,多具有益气温阳、化瘀利水、解毒通络之功效,通过恢复M1/M2、Th1/Th2及Th17/Treg细胞之间的动态平衡,调节促炎/抗炎因子,从根本上祛除或缓解因毒邪产生的病理状态,减轻炎症,调整心之气血阴阳,达到扶正祛邪、保护心功能的作用,为临床防治心衰提供指导。

气机升降理论内涵及不寐病辨证分型探讨

气机升降理论是“汉派李氏脑病流派”辨治不寐病的核心理论思想,基于气机升降理论将不寐病分为升降太过和升降不及两大类,根据气机运行的部位、气的多少、气机升降出入的不同形式将不寐病分为营卫不和型、脏腑气机失调型、阴阳不交型三大类型;每一类型又有各自不同亚型,共有卫阳虚不敛营阴证、卫气盛夜不入营阴证、卫气入于阴而日不得出于阳证、肝胆气机疏泄失调证、心肾气机上下相济失调证、脾升胃降枢机失调证、阳不入阴证、阳盛阴虚证、阴不潜阳证九种亚型,并表现出各自独有的临床特征。基于气机升降理论的辨证分型法补充完善了现阶段不寐病辨证分型类别,为临床诊治不寐病开拓了新思路。

Doctor Song Fuyin's Experience in Treating Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Based on Qi,Blood Essence and Spirit Syndrome Differentiation Stage Classification

The paper systematically summarizes the experience of Director Song Fuyin in treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis which is a typical emotional disease that causes obvious changes in organ morphology and endocrine and body fluid metabolism.It belongs to the category of psychosomatic diseases,and is the embodiment of a series of pathogenesis processes of qi disease,blood disease,essence disease and deformation in TCM theory.The whole course of the disease is dominated by the dialectical relationship of mutual influence,mutual control,mutual root and mutual use among the deity disease,qi disease,blood disease,essence and spiritual disease.Therefore,the treatment emphasizes the dialectical relationship based on qi,blood,essence and spirit.At the beginning,the treatment focuses on regulating qi and clearing heat and eliminating phlegm;at the middle stage,the treatment focuses on replenishing essence and promoting yang and eliminating wind and calming the deity;at the late stage,the treatment focuses on replenishing qi and eliminating phlegm and promoting collages.Flexible use of calming the spirits,regulating qi,dispersing essence,eliminating phlegm,promoting blood and other methods of stage classification treatment,can be targeted,improve the cure rate of the disease.This article aims to clarify the experience of Director Song Fuyin in treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis based on syndrome differentiation of qi,blood essence and spirit.

基于气机升降理论的针灸组方对心肾不交型失眠患者睡眠质量和睡眠进程的影响

目的探讨分析基于气机升降理论的针灸组方对心肾不交型失眠患者睡眠质量和睡眠进程的影响。方法前瞻性选取2019年1月—2021年12月收治入院的84例心肾不交型失眠患者根据随机数字表法分为治疗A组(42例)和治疗B组(42例)。治疗A组予以常规针法治疗,治疗B组患者则予以基于气机升降理论的针灸组方治疗。评估两组患者的实际睡眠总时间、PSQI量表评分、睡眠进程参数、入睡时间、日间功能障碍以及不良反应。结果干预后两组纳入患者的PSQI量表评分较干预前均有了显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的PSQI量表评分显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者的睡眠进程参数指标较干预前均有显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的总睡眠时间、睡眠效率指标显著高于治疗A组,而睡眠潜伏期、觉醒时间指标则显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者入睡时间、日间功能障碍较干预前均显著降低(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的入睡时间、日间功能障碍均显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者的实际睡眠总时间较干预前均有了显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的实际睡眠总时间显著高于治疗A组(P<0.05);两组心肾不交型失眠患者在治疗期间均未出现严重不良反应,干预方案安全性良好。治疗A组患者出现穿刺处血肿4例、穿刺处感染2例、滞针4例,总出现率为23.81%(10/42);治疗B组患者出现穿刺处血肿1例、穿刺处感染0例、滞针1例,总出现率为4.76%(2/42),且治疗B组患者的总出现率显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05)。结论基于气机升降理论的针灸组方治疗心肾不交型失眠患者,其临床干预效果显著,可有效改善患者的PSQI量表评分以及睡眠进程参数,缩短入睡时间,提高实际睡眠总时间,缓解日间功能障碍,且不良反应少。

基于络病学说“气络”“血络”理论探讨糖尿病周围神经病变

糖尿病易引发微血管病变,其中糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)为其常见的并发症之一,严重者可能出现坏疽,甚至截肢,也是致残率较高的一种糖尿病并发症。DPN属“痹证”“不仁”“痿证”“血痹”等范畴,因其病情缠绵难愈,常有瘀血阻络、络脉不通的病理改变,与络病“久、瘀、顽、杂”的病机特点基本相似。针对这一病机,笔者从“气络”“血络”理论出发,发现瘀血阻络贯穿于DPN整个病程,并且在疾病的不同阶段所呈现出的症状严重程度亦存在差异,因此应将通络治疗作为DPN治疗的核心,采用“补兼通”的治法,即一方面补气阴,养经络,另一方面活血化瘀,疏通经络。络以通为用,运用“通补为宜”的治疗法则,益气养阴荣养其络、活血化瘀疏通其络。

从肝脾论治甲状腺良性结节研究进展

甲状腺结节为常见的内分泌系统疾病,多为良性结节。西医对于甲状腺结节缺乏有效的治疗措施,对于部分病情严重的患者可进行手术治疗,但相关并发症较多。中医认为,甲状腺结节的发生与患者情志失调密切相关,而情志畅达与肝脏气机调畅密切相关,患者情志抑郁可致肝气郁结,日久使得脾胃生化功能失调,肝郁脾虚则水液输布失常,痰气瘀结于颈前而发为“瘿病”,因此,从疏肝理气、健脾利水、化痰消瘀为基本原则,治疗甲状腺结节能取得良好的效果。

扶正通络方预防子宫内膜异位症术后复发及对免疫稳态影响的研究

目的探讨扶正通络方预防子宫内膜异位症术后复发的临床疗效及对免疫稳态的影响。方法纳入2018年9月—2019年12月就诊于苏州市中医医院且腹腔镜已证实为子宫内膜异位症(ASRM分期为Ⅱ~Ⅲ期)患者85例,随机分为2组,对照组予促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRH-a)治疗3个月,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予扶正通络方口服3个月。比较2组患者治疗前后痛经VAS评分及血清肿瘤指标(CA125、CA199)、炎症因子[白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白细胞介素-17(IL-17)、白细胞介素-32(IL-32)]水平,统计2组停药6个月、12个月后复发及妊娠情况。结果治疗后2组痛经VAS评分及血清CA125、CA199、IL-10、IL-17水平均较治疗前明显下降(P均<0.05),且观察组均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05);治疗后观察组血清IL-32水平明显低于治疗前及对照组(P均<0.05),对照组治疗后IL-32水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。停药后6个月,2组复发率及妊娠率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);停药后12个月,观察组复发率明显低于对照组[10.0%(4/40)比32.5%(13/40),P<0.05],妊娠率明显高于对照组[40.0%(16/40)比12.5%(5/40),P<0.05]。结论GnRH-a联合扶正通络方可以更好地减轻子宫内膜异位症术后患者痛经症状,降低血清CA125、CA199水平,纠正术后持续存在的免疫稳态失衡,可有效减少复发,提高妊娠率,为临床预防子宫内膜异位症术后复发提供了新思路。

不同辨证体系中类风湿关节炎中医病机研究进展

类风湿关节炎属于一种以周围关节骨质损害为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病。中医学对其曾多以病因角度辨证,且多从风、寒、湿、热论治,其他辨证体系涉及较少。近年来,类风湿关节炎病机的相关研究得到广泛重视,其辨证体系和角度的探索也得到进一步拓展。该文对近年发表的有关中医治疗类风湿关节炎的文献进行梳理总结,从脏腑理论、气血津液理论及络病理论共三种辨证体系论述其论治研究进展。期望通过该文的归纳、分类与总结,为今后类风湿关节炎的病机研究和证型分类提供参考和思路。

基于正邪理论探讨Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心衰中的作用

慢性心力衰竭是多种心血管疾病的终末期阶段,心肌损伤后,免疫介导的Th17、Treg细胞在心衰的发病机制具有关键作用,通过分泌炎症因子,导致心肌纤维化、心室重塑。中医正邪理论内涵丰富,对于认识Th17/Treg细胞与心衰的发展及相互作用具有指导意义,隶属于正邪理论范畴,即Th17/Treg细胞平衡,有利于维持机体的免疫平衡,属于“正气”范畴;Th17/Treg细胞失衡可能破坏机体内环境的稳定,导致免疫异常,促进疾病的发生,属于“邪气”范畴。基于此,作者以正邪理论为切入点,从宏观、微观角度来阐述Th17/Treg细胞在慢性心力衰竭发展中的作用,提出心衰早期,正虚为主,邪实为辅;心衰中期,正虚邪实;心衰晚期,邪实为主,正虚为辅;心衰终末期,正虚为主。临床通过扶正祛邪,调整机体正邪平衡,恢复机体Th17/Treg细胞的动态平衡,以期为中医理论阐述Th17/Treg在心衰的发展作用的现代研究奠定基础,为心衰的诊治提供新的理论依据。

基于“玄府气液”理论治疗慢性难愈性溃疡

慢性难愈性溃疡是“虚”“瘀”两种致病因素相互交织、相互作用的结果,“虚”“瘀”贯穿疾病发展的始终。而“玄府开阖失司,气液代谢失调”是本病迁延难治的病机关键。刘丽芳教授综合运用煨脓生肌、阳和通玄、托里消毒诸法开玄府、调气液,令玄府开阖有司,气液代谢调和,临床疗效满意,附验案一则加以阐明。

关国华从“络气不通”辨治视网膜静脉阻塞经验探析

关国华教授临床辨治视网膜静脉阻塞思路独到。其从“络脉”角度认识视网膜血液循环系统,通过局部辨证与整体辨证结合,提出“络气不通、络脉不利”为本病基本病机,瘀血、水湿为基本病理产物,基于“络以通为用”理论,提出“和络调气”概念,灵活运用宣透、温化、活血、利湿、散结等治法遣方用药,临床常获良效。

基于络病学说浅析广泛性焦虑障碍发病与治疗

广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)在临床中越来越常见,患者除心理上持久而过度的紧张担心外,还伴随一系列躯体化症状。本文将络病学说引入广泛性焦虑障碍,从络脉网状结构与广泛性焦虑障碍症状分布、络病病机与广泛性焦虑障碍病变特点、络病证治与广泛性焦虑障碍治疗三个方面说明两者之间的相似性和关联性。基于络病学说总结出“瘀”“滞”“虚”“损”为该病病机演变的关键,气滞血瘀为初始状态,日久则向络虚不荣、络脉损伤阶段转化,呈现虚实夹杂的病理状态。因此,根据以上核心病机,治疗上应注重行滞通络法和补虚通络法的应用。

吕晓东论治肺结节经验撷菁

总结吕晓东教授运用中医药治疗肺结节的临床经验和学术思想。吕晓东教授基于阳化气,阴成形的两个基本生理功能观,考察肺结节的发生、发展的病理环节,认为肺结节形成之机理复杂,病因纷繁,为阴分邪气积聚为肺,但病性基础变化总体以阳虚为关键,病理以气滞痰瘀胶着于肺络为核心。在肺络病的指导原则下,运用扶阳抑阴、通补肺络的手段,恢复阳主阴从,一气周流,肺络调和的生理状态,从而调复肺脏的异常功能状态、消弭肺结节的病理改变,恢复身心健康的目的,临床每获良效,具有推广应用的价值。

以脉调气理论指导下的脏腑推拿治疗小儿功能性消化不良疗效研究

目的探究以脉调气理论指导下的脏腑推拿治疗小儿功能性消化不良的疗效研究。方法采用随机数字表法将黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院治未病中心2020年2月—2022年2月收治的106例功能性消化不良患儿分为观察组(53例)与对照组(53例)。对照组采用一般推拿治疗,观察组在此基础上采用“以脉调气”理论指导下的脏腑推拿治疗方法。观察两组患儿治疗前以及治疗20 d后的中医症状积分、血锌浓度水平、胃动素、胃泌素、食欲调节因子水平、尼平消化不良指数。观察两组患儿临床疗效与复发率。结果两组患儿治疗前食后腹胀、纳呆食少、大便异常和面色萎黄的证候积分对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗20 d后观察组食后腹胀、食少纳呆、面色萎黄和大便异常证候积分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗前胃动素、血锌含量、胃泌素水差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗20 d后观察组胃动素、血锌含量、胃泌素水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗前Ghrelin、NPY和Leptin水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗20 d后观察组NPY、Ghrelin浓度水平明显较对照组高,而Leptin水平明显较对照组低(P<0.05)。两组患儿治疗前NDI评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗20 d后观察组NDI评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率为90.57%(48/53),显著高于对照组[75.47%(40/53)](χ^(2)=4.283,P=0.039)。观察组复发率为3.77%(2/53)(40/53)略低于对照组9.43%(5/53),但两组复发率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.377,P=0.241)。结论“以脉调气”理论指导下的脏腑推拿能有效提高临床疗效、提升食欲、调节因子水平、提高生活质量、改善胃动素、血锌含量、胃泌素水平,值得临床推广。