Discrimination geochemical interaction effects on mineralization at the polymetallic Glojeh deposit,NW Iran by interative backward quadratic modeling

The physico-chemical exchanges between hydrothermal fluids and the host rock are usually controlled by elemental interaction effects.A criterion-based backward elimination approach applies the iterative regression analysis and analysis of variance to investigate the geochemical features of the polymetallic Glojeh(Au-Ag-CuPb-Zn)deposit in NW Iran.A statistical definition of the elemental interaction effects(X(i-j)^2,Xi×Xj)could elucidate the relationship between variables and the performance of a full quadratic polynomial model(QPM).The model optimization procedure was carried out by the removal of insignificant predictors(P value 95%CL)based on R^2(pred.)criterion.In order to straighten the convergent trend with R^2 and R^2(adj.),R^2(pred.)gradually increased from 0%to 77.8%by 15-steps optimization.The miniature-scale geochemical changes indicate double ordinal Au(Ag,Pb)and Au(Ag,Zn)interactions within the vein and host rock,in QPM.Results show that the Au(Pb-Zn)commonly presents ordinal effect at the vein and disordinal interaction at the host rock.This ordinal-disordinal interaction revealed that elements Pb and Zn have similar geochemical features during mineralization.In addition,Akima's polynomial contour map confirms the results from Pb-Zn interaction effects by dependency tracing between Au-Pb-Zn at different populations.However,it is noteworthy that Pb and Zn occur together in the second phase of Pb-Zn-Cu±(Ag±Cd)sulfide mineralization at Glojeh,which implies intergrowth and interaction of Pb-Zn on Au concentration.Pb and Zn demonstrate relatively high mobility and are generally concentrated in the near surface zones.Nb is an immobile element during alteration and high content Hg zone is mainly restricted to narrow stripes above ore vein and veinlets.

Quadratic Dissipation Effect on the Moonpool Resonance

This paper adopted a semi-analytical method based on eigenfunction matching to solve the problem of sharp resonance of cylindrical structures with a moonpool that has a restricted entrance. To eliminate the sharp resonance and to measure the viscous effect, a quadratic dissipation is introduced by assuming an additional dissipative disk at the moonpool entrance. The fluid domain is divided into five cylindrical subdomains, and the velocity potential in each subdomain is obtained by meeting the Laplace equation as well as the boundary conditions. The free-surface elevation at the center of the moonpool, along with the pressure and velocity at the restricted entrance for first-order wave are evaluated. By choosing appropriate dissipation coefficients, the free-surface elevation calculated at the center of the moonpool is in coincidence with the measurements in model tests both at the peak period and amplitude at resonance. It is shown that the sharp resonance in the potential flow theory can be eliminated and the viscous effect can be estimated with a simple method in some provided hydrodynamic models.

Study on Quadratic Effect Assessment of Vulnerability of Military Aircraft Under Multiple Hits

Under the conditions of multiple hits and quadratic effects,the aircraft vulnerability assessment method is proposed by means of kill-tree diagram and state transition matrix.Four instances of the quadratic effects are investigated:non-redundant components to non-redundant components,non-redundant to redundant,redundant to non-redundant and redundant to redundant.The application of the proposed method to the calculation of quadratic effects is also studied.

Potassium tantalate niobate crystals:Efficient quadratic electro-optic materials and their laser modulation technology

Electro-optic(EO)crystals are important material for all-solid-state laser technology,which can be used to fabricate various laser modulators,such as EO switches,laser deflectors,and optical waveguide.The improvements in new high-efficiency EO crystal materials have held great significance to the development of laser technology.Potassium tantalate niobate(KTN)is a popular multifunctional crystal because of its remarkable and excellent quadratic EO effect.KTN EO modulation technology offers numerous advantages,such as high efficiency,good stability,a quick response time,and inertia-free characteristics.In this paper,we summarize the research progress of KTN series crystals systemically,including the theoretical exploration on quadratic EO effect,solid-melt crystal growth technique,comprehensive physical characterization,new physical effect and mechanisms exploration,new EO devices development and design.The EO modulation technique based on the Kerr effect of KTN series crystal offers obvious advantages in reducing the drive voltage and device size,which could better meet the developmental needs of future lasers with a wide wavelength,miniaturization,and integration.This may provide theoretical guidance and an experimental basis for the design and development of new EO crystal devices and promote the development of laser technology.

High-speed 2 × 2 silicon-based electro-optic switch with nanosecond switch time

A 2 × 2 electro-optic switch is experimentally demonstrated using the optical structure of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer （MZI） based on a submicron rib waveguide and the electrical structure of a PIN diode on silicon-on-insulator （SOI）. The switch behaviour is achieved through the plasma dispersion effect of silicon. The device has a modulation arm of 1 mm in length and cross-section of 400 nm×340 nm. The measurement results show that the switch has a VπLπ figure of merit of 0.145 V.cm and the extinction ratios of two output ports and cross talk are 40 dB, 28 dB and -28 dB, respectively. A 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 90 MHz and a switch time of 6.8 ns for the rise edge and 2.7 ns for the fall edge are also demonstrated.

Coupled thermal-optic effects and electrical modulation mechanism of birefringence crystal with Gaussian laser incidence

We study the Gaussian laser transmission in lithium niobate crystal（LiNbO3） by using the finite element method to solve the electromagnetic field＇s frequency domain equation and energy equation. The heat generated is identified by calculating the transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave in the birefringence crystal, and the calculated value of the heat generated is substituted into the energy equation. The electromagnetic wave＇s energy losses induced by its multiple refractions and reflections along with the resulting physical property changes of the lithium niobate crystal are considered.Influences of ambient temperature and heat transfer coefficient on refraction and walk-off angles of O-ray and E-ray in the cases of different incident powers and crystal thicknesses are analyzed. The E-ray electrical modulation instances, in which the polarized light waveform is adjusted to the rated condition via an applied electrical field in the cases of different ambient temperatures and heat transfer coefficients, are provided to conclude that there is a correlation between ambient temperature and applied electrical field intensity and a correlation between surface heat transfer coefficient and applied electrical field intensity. The applicable electrical modulation ranges without crystal breakdown are proposed. The study shows that the electrical field-adjustable heat transfer coefficient range becomes narrow as the incident power decreases and wide as the crystal thickness increases. In addition, it is pointed out that controlling the ambient temperature is easier than controlling the heat transfer coefficient. The results of the present study can be used as a quantitative theoretical basis for removing the adverse effects induced by thermal deposition due to linear laser absorption in the crystal, such as depolarization or wave front distortion, and indicate the feasibility of adjusting the refractive index in the window area by changing the heat transfer boundary conditions in a wide-spectrum laser.

弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞对妇科腹腔镜全子宫切除术后镇痛的影响

目的 探讨弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞对妇科腹腔镜全子宫切除术后镇痛的效果。方法选择择期行腹腔镜全子宫切除术患者100例,年龄35~64岁,BMI 18~28 kg/m^(2),ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字表法将患者分为两组:弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞联合全麻组(AL)和全麻组(CG),每组50例。AL组给予0.375%罗哌卡因40 ml行弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞联合全身麻醉。CG接受常规气管插管全身麻醉。记录手术时间、瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚总用量,术后2、12、24和48 h静息和活动(翻身)时VAS疼痛评分、术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数,头晕、恶心呕吐、呼吸抑制、瘙痒等麻醉相关不良反应发生情况。结果 与CG组比较,AL组瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚总用量、术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数明显减少(P<0.05),术后2、12、24和48 h静息和活动时VAS疼痛评分明显降低(P<0.05),头晕、恶心呕吐、瘙痒等麻醉相关不良反应发生率明显降低(P<0.05)。两组手术时间差异无统计学意义。结论 弓状韧带上腰方肌阻滞能够提高腹腔镜全子宫切除术的麻醉效果,减少麻醉和镇痛药物用量,减轻术后疼痛,减少不良反应。

Predictive active control of building structures using LQR and artificial intelligence

This study presents a neural network-based model for predicting linear quadratic regulator(LQR)weighting matrices for achieving a target response reduction.Based on the expected weighting matrices,the LQR algorithm is used to determine the various responses of the structure.The responses are determined by numerically analyzing the governing equation of motion using the state-space approach.For training a neural network,four input parameters are considered:the time history of the ground motion,the percentage reduction in lateral displacement,lateral velocity,and lateral acceleration,Output parameters are LQR weighting matrices.To study the effectiveness of an LQR-based neural network(LQRNN),the actual percentage reduction in the responses obtained from using LQRNN is compared with the target percentage reductions.Furthermore,to investigate the efficacy of an active control system using LQRNN,the controlled responses of a system are compared to the corresponding uncontrolled responses.The trained neural network effectively predicts weighting parameters that can provide a percentage reduction in displacement,velocity,and acceleration close to the target percentage reduction.Based on the simulation study,it can be concluded that significant response reductions are observed in the active-controlled system using LQRNN.Moreover,the LQRNN algorithm can replace conventional LQR control with the use of an active control system.

The Fundamental Mechanism for the Collision/Pressure Induced Optic Effect

In this work, the fundamental mechanism regarding the collision and pressure induced optic effect is elucidated. Based on the concept of the collision-relaxation/the pressure-release induced optic effect put forth here, a new laser technology may be developed. Furthermore, our work also makes the understanding the photon involved chemical reaction become much clear and rationalized.

Maximum likelihood estimation of nonlinear mixed-effects models with crossed random effects by combining first-order conditional linearization and sequential quadratic programming

Nonlinear mixed-eirects (NLME) modek have become popular in various disciplines over the past several decades.However,the existing methods for parameter estimation imple-mented in standard statistical packages such as SAS and R/S-Plus are generally limited k) single-or multi-level NLME models that only allow nested random effects and are unable to cope with crossed random effects within the framework of NLME modeling.In t his study,wc propose a general formulation of NLME models that can accommodate both nested and crassed random effects,and then develop a computational algorit hm for parameter estimation based on normal assumptions.The maximum likelihood estimation is carried out using the first-order conditional expansion (FOCE) for NLME model linearization and sequential quadratic programming (SCJP) for computational optimization while ensuring positive-definiteness of the estimated variance-covariance matrices of both random effects and error terms.The FOCE-SQP algorithm is evaluated using the height and diameter data measured on trees from Korean larch (L.olgeiisis var,Chang-paienA.b) experimental plots aa well as simulation studies.We show that the FOCE-SQP method converges fast with high accuracy.Applications of the general formulation of NLME models are illustrated with an analysis of the Korean larch data.

互射式三阵元超声波传感器的二次相关测风方法

针对现有的超声波测风仪测量精度不高、受环境温湿度及阴影效应等因素影响较大等问题,提出了一种基于二次相关的互射式三阵元超声波测风方法.所提方法采用三阵元互射式阵列结构并结合二次相关的时延估计算法进行超声波传播时间测量,进而根据超声波传播时间与风速风向的关系得到风速风向值.所提方法具有较强的噪声抑制能力,而且可减小阴影效应及消除温湿度对风速风向测量的影响.通过模拟仿真实验以及搭建的互射式三阵元超声波测风系统对所提方法进行了有效性验证和实测数据验证.实验结果表明,与正交对射式测量方法、阵列式测风方法以及基于一次相关的互射式三阵元测风方法相比,所提方法具有更高的测风精度.在实测实验中风速测量的相对误差为2.38%、风向测量的误差为2.3°,基本达到了超声波测风的技术要求.

混联Ⅰ型惯容系统基于李鸿晶谱的地震响应分析

针对设有混联Ⅰ型惯容系统的耗能结构基于李鸿晶谱的响应分析较为繁琐的问题,提出求解地震响应的简明封闭解法,并研究了惯容系统基本参数对减震性能的影响。首先,建立惯容系统和结构之间的微分型本构关系,并运用复模态法和虚拟激励法获得结构系列响应的统一解。其次,将结构系列响应的功率谱密度函数精确转化为复特征值及结构自振频率平方和表示的二次分解式,进而获得响应0阶~2阶谱矩的简明封闭解。最后,通过数值算例验证了所提方法的正确性及计算的高效性,对惯容系统参数的研究表明,当惯容系数和阻尼系数越大,结构减震效果越好,而刚度系数对结构的减震效果取决于惯容系统名义圆频率与结构自振圆频率的比值,当两者比值为0.9时减震效果最好。

The effect of conductor loss on half-wave voltage and modulation bandwidth of electro-optic modulators

In this paper, we theoretically deduce the expressions of half-wave voltage and 3-dB modulation bandwidth in which conductor loss is taken into account. The results suggest that it will affect the theoretical values of half-wave voltage and bandwidth as well as the optimized electrode's dimension whether considering the conductor loss or not. As an example, we present a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) type polymer waveguide amplitude modulator. The half-wave voltage increases by 1 V and the 3-dB bandwidth decreases by 30% when the conductor loss is taken into account. Besides, the effects of impedance mismatching and velocity mismatching between microwave and light wave on the half-wave voltage, and 3-dB bandwidth are discussed.

三元混合纳米流体(TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)-MoS_(2)/煤油)流过旋转圆盘时的二次热辐射和Cattaneo-Christov模型

本文研究了Cattaneo-Christov模型(C-C模型)和对流边界条件下的二次热辐射对三元混合纳米流体(TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)-MoS_(2)/煤油)流过旋转圆盘过程的影响,并研究了Darcy-Forchheimer多孔介质和吸入/注射的影响。比较分析了三元混合纳米流体(TiO_(2)-SiO_(2)-MoS_(2)/煤油)与混合纳米流体(TiO2-SiO2/煤油)。通过von Karman转换将偏微分方程集合转变为常微分方程,并通过MATLAB中的bvp4c函数对其求解。图表结果反映了径向、切向速度和传热速度的变化。讨论了各种参数的影响,包括磁场、Forchheimer数、孔隙率参数、滑移参数、辐射参数、热弛豫、混合对流、吸入/注射、Biot数、发热/热吸收、体积分数。发现较高的辐射值和热弛豫参数可以提高传热速率。本研究将对使用纳米流体的学科领域具有一定的参考价值,如运输过程、旋转的机械系统、协同旋转的涡轮系统、增强型油回收系统、医疗等。

基于神经阻滞时间、生命体征及镇痛效果分析肋下腰方肌阻滞麻醉在腹腔镜子宫切除术中效果

目的:探讨肋下腰方肌阻滞麻醉对腹腔镜子宫切除术患者神经阻滞时间、生命体征及镇痛效果。方法:将2020年10月13日-2022年6月8日于本院进行腹腔镜子宫切除术的82例患者随机分为观察组及对照组各41例,对照组采用常规全身麻醉,观察组在对照组基础上联用罗哌卡因超声引导下双侧肋下腰方肌阻滞。分析两组干预前后生命体征,对比两组神经阻滞时间、舒芬太尼用量、镇静镇痛情况、麻醉恢复情况及不良反应。结果:两组干预后心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)水平较干预前均有所上升,但观察组HR(76.38±4.14次/分)、MAP(9.95±0.57 kPa)水平低于对照组(80.98±4.63次/分、10.77±1.63 kPa)(均P<0.05),神经阻滞时间(5.36±2.05 min)与对照组(5.49±2.10 min无差异(P>0.05);观察组舒芬太尼用量(97.68±6.21μg)低于对照组(140.16±6.79μg),视觉疼痛模拟评分(2.24±0.29分)、Ramsay评分(2.81±0.30分)及镇痛泵按压数(3.23±0.46次)优于对照组(4.63±0.75分、2.24±0.16分、6.08±0.78次),自主呼吸恢复时间(5.10±0.72 min)、拔管时间(9.23±0.85 min)、苏醒时间(10.89±1.26 min)均少于对照组(6.00±0.71 min、10.45±1.54 min、12.04±1.45 min),总不良反应发生率(22.0%)低于对照组(43.9%)(均P<0.05)。结论:肋下腰方肌阻滞麻醉对腹腔镜子宫切除术患者生命体征、镇痛镇静效果及麻醉恢复情况均有一定积极作用,且安全性较高。

相邻结构间设置黏弹性阻尼器的风荷载响应分析

在两相邻结构间设置黏弹性阻尼器能够有效降低结构在风荷载下的动力响应。选取广义Maxwell模型为黏弹性阻尼器计算模型,提出了一种相邻结构间设置黏弹性阻尼器的耗能减振结构风振响应的解析解法。首先,根据广义Maxwell黏弹性阻尼器构造图推导出微分型本构关系,并将其与两相邻结构的运动方程组进行耦合;其次,运用复模态法将相邻结构的响应(位移、速度、层间位移和层间速度)表示为一阶线性方程组合,并基于虚拟激励法获得上述响应的统一形式的频域解;然后,基于频响函数二次分解法,获得了基于Davenport的风速谱,并考虑空间相关性结构响应方差的解析解;最后,通过算例与虚拟激励法计算结果对比验证了所提方法的正确性,并分析了阻尼器在相邻结构风振控制中的减振效果。

消除光学渐晕的FPGA实时校正系统

光学渐晕效应存在于大部分光学成像系统,严重影响成像质量。如何有效改善光学渐晕效应是航天光学遥感器设计的要点。采用辐射定标方法量化成像系统中光学渐晕效应的影响,并获得校正系数。采用多项式拟合方法对校正系数进行优化,拟合后校正系统减少约3个数量级,大大降低了对嵌入式系统存储资源的需求。通过多项式拟合方法有效减少了校正系数,对光学渐晕效应改善效果良好,校正前相机的非均匀性误差为13.2%,校正后非均匀性误差降至3.8%,满足一般成像系统对响应非均匀性的要求。该方法校正系数少,适合在基于FPGA处理器中实现,实时性强,资源占用少,具有工程实用价值。

Discrete spatial solitons formed in periodically poled lithium niobate by electro-optical effect

We report the numerical observation of discrete spatial solitons in a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide array by applying an electrical field through electro-optical effect. We show that discrete spatial soliton can be controlled by applied voltage in the periodically poled lithium niobate.

外源水杨酸、脯氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸对盐胁迫下水稻产量的影响

水杨酸(SA)、脯氨酸(Pro)和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)在植物生长发育以及抵御逆境胁迫中起重要作用。为了研究三者复配对盐胁迫下水稻产量是否具有协同增效作用,本文采用三元二次通用旋转组合设计,建立了SA、Pro和GABA复配剂与盐胁迫下水稻产量之间的数学模型,通过频数分析获得SA、Pro与GABA复配优化组合方案。结果表明,二次模型拟合较好,对盐胁迫下水稻产量的影响程度为SA>GABA>Pro,SA与GABA,Pro与GABA之间交互作用对盐胁迫下水稻产量有显著影响。模拟寻优获得提高盐胁迫下水稻产量10%以上的最佳复配组合为SA 0.44~0.51mmol L–1、Pro 27.63~31.20 mmol L–1、GABA 3.55~4.28 mmol L–1。外源SA、Pro与GABA单剂和复配剂对盐敏感品种牡丹江30的调控作用大于耐盐品种龙稻5号。SA或Pro与GABA复配对盐胁迫下水稻产量的影响具有协同作用,而SA与Pro复配效果与品种耐盐性差异有关。SA、Pro和GABA三者复配效果优于两两复配,任意单剂与其他2种外源物质复配对水稻产量的影响均存在协同作用。