Context: Endometriosis is a pathology that directly affects the daily lives of women with frequent impairment of their quality of life. In our environment, medical, socio-cultural, financial factors and factors relate...Context: Endometriosis is a pathology that directly affects the daily lives of women with frequent impairment of their quality of life. In our environment, medical, socio-cultural, financial factors and factors related to the organization of the health care system greatly delay its diagnosis. The objectives of the present study were to determine the diagnosis delay and to assess the quality of life before surgery of women with endometriosis using the specific Endometriosis Health Profile 5 (EHP-5) questionnaire. Methods: We carried out a descriptive, observational, retrospective study in 8 medical centers in the City of Kinshasa, from January 2019 to October 2022. A total of 80 women with endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopy (16 diagnostic and 64 operative laparoscopies) and histopathology were interviewed. We used the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASMR) classification, the Endometriosis Fertility Index (EFI) score was calculated for infertile women and the EHP-5 questionnaire to assess quality of life. Our data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software 16.1 (STATA 16.1). Results: Diagnosis delay of endometriosis was on average 12 ± 4.3 years. The overall mean EHP-5 score of all patients showed a severe deterioration in quality of life (604 ± 235). A negative relationship was observed between the age of the patient, the diagnostic delay, and the alteration of the quality of life in patients over 36 years old and those with about 11 years of diagnostic delay presenting the slight alteration. Patients with a high social level had very severe quality impairment. Women on hormonal treatment, those with a history of pregnancy, childbirth, miscarriage and abortion had a slight and significant deterioration in quality of life (p 0.05). Conclusion: Despite some limitations, our preliminary study highlights that in sub-Saharan Africa, the diagnosis of endometriosis is delayed and associated with a severe alteration in quality of life. Moreover, diagnosis of endometriosis seems to be restricted to women with high social levels. Therefore, further efforts are required to develop a health policy to decrease delay for diagnosis with potential benefits on symptoms, quality of life, fertility while limiting stigma and psychological effects of this debilitating pathology.展开更多
[Objective] The aims were to explore the relationship between the contents of fruit mineral elements and quality features of the 'Fuji' apple, screen major mineral elements of the fruit affecting fruit quality featu...[Objective] The aims were to explore the relationship between the contents of fruit mineral elements and quality features of the 'Fuji' apple, screen major mineral elements of the fruit affecting fruit quality features, and set up optimum proposals of fruit mineral elements for good fruit qualities, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable orchard soil and foliar fertilizer applications to increase fruit quality and reduce the physiological diseases related to the 'Fuji' apple. [Methods] The fruit mineral elements and quality indicators of 'Fuji" apples were in- vestigated and analyzed, which were collected from the 153 commercial apple or- chards of "Fuji' apple located in 51 counties. The variable importance for projection (VlP) of partial least squares regression (PLS) method was used to analyze the model effect and weight analysis impact of the fruit mineral element contents to fruit quality, screen out major factors of fruit mineral elements influencing the different fruit qualities, and set up the regression equation of the fruit qualities and major fruit mineral elements. Linear programming was used to obtain optimum proposals of the fruit mineral elements to achieve good 'Fuji' apple qualities. [Results] The mineral elements content and quality characteristics in "Fuji' apple fruit had great differences in the different produce regions in which the maximum content of nitro- gen, iron, zinc and boron in the 'Fuji' fruit were12.06, 6.17, 7.7, and 10.08 times greater than the minimum respectively, and the differences for titratable acid and the SSC/TA ratio were 2.33 and 2.16 times respectively. The correlation analysis between the fruit mineral element contents and qualities showed that the nitrogen content of fruit had a significantly negative correlation with the soluble solid content, SSC/TA ratio and red color area, while the calcium and iron contents in the fruit were in significantly positive correlation with the soluble solid content and SSC/TA ratio. The model effect and weight analysis showed that the content of nitrogen and iron in the fruit had a greater influence on the integral fruit quality, followed by phosphorus, potassium and calcium. The variable importance for projection (VlP) technology of PLS found that the mean fruit weight was primarily affected by nitro- gen, phosphorus and potassium, and the soluble solid was primarily affected by ni- trogen, calcium and iron, while the red color area was primarily affected by nitro- gen, potassium, calcium, iron and zinc. The regression equation between fruit quality and mineral element contents showed that the mean fruit weight had a greater pos- itive effect coefficient with the content of phosphorus and potassium, and a greater negative effect coefficient with the content of nitrogen in the fruit. Moreover, the sol- uble solid had the largest negative effect coefficient with nitrogen and largest posi- tive effect coefficient with calcium and iron in the fruit. [Conclusion] The maximum content of soluble solid and titratable acid were 1.5 times more than the minimum, and nitrogen, iron, zinc and boron were 6 times more than in the 'Fuji' apple fruit in the different produce regions. Therefore, it is a key technological measure to improve the overall qualities of the "Fuji' apple by decreasing the content of nitrogen, and increasing the contents of iron, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in the fruit.展开更多
Matter-element analysis method was used to construct the comprehensive matter-element model for the evaluation of the quality of various kinds of irrigation water in Turpan City to evaluate the quality of irrigation w...Matter-element analysis method was used to construct the comprehensive matter-element model for the evaluation of the quality of various kinds of irrigation water in Turpan City to evaluate the quality of irrigation water(such as river water,spring water, Karez well water, pumped well water) in Turpan City, Xinjiang. The results showed that the quality of the irrigation water was the best in October,which was in Grade I or Grade 2; in May, the quality of some of the irrigation water became poorer to Grade II, which was easy to soil salinization; in March, the detected qualities of the water samples water from the Meiyaogou basin were all in Grade IV, which was not suitable for farmland irrigation. The comparison on the evaluation results of matter-element analysis and fuzzy evaluation method showed that the results of the 2 methods were almost consistent with each other, and showed good uniformity.展开更多
Correlations between four grain quality, 24 plant morphological traits and eight element contents of 653 accessions from Yunnan rice were analyzed. P, K, Ca and Mg contents of core collection were closely correlated t...Correlations between four grain quality, 24 plant morphological traits and eight element contents of 653 accessions from Yunnan rice were analyzed. P, K, Ca and Mg contents of core collection were closely correlated to the most plant morphological and grain quality traits, and there were highly significant correlations (P 〈0.01) among some traits including P content to number of stems and tillers, K content and amylose content, Ca content and plant height, Mg content and protein content. Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe contents of core collection were closely related to a few traits, such as Fe content and gel consistency (-0.1121^**), Zn content and seed setting rate (-0.1411^**), Cu content and number of grains per panicle (-0.1398^**), Mn content and plant height (-0.2492^**).展开更多
This study aims to investigate the effects of variable thread pitch on stress distribution in bones of different bone qualities under two different loading conditions(Vertical,and Horizontal)for a Zirconia dental impl...This study aims to investigate the effects of variable thread pitch on stress distribution in bones of different bone qualities under two different loading conditions(Vertical,and Horizontal)for a Zirconia dental implant.For this purpose,a three dimensional finite element model of the mandibular premolar section and three single threaded implants of 0.8 mm,1.6 mm,2.4 mm pitch was designed.Finite element analysis software was used to develop the model and three different bone qualities(Type II,Type III,and Type IV)were prepared.A vertical load of 200 N,and a horizontal load of 100 N was applied at the abutment surface.The von-Mises stress criterion was used to analyze the results.The crestal bony-region of the mandibular section was subjected to maximum von-Mises stresses for all bone qualities.The outcome of this study indicates that,horizontal loading had more influence on stress distribution than vertical loading,regardless of the bone qualities and pitch values.Varying the dental implant pitch does not cause any decrease in stress distribution in bone,when the bone density decreased.The study concluded that implants with minimum pitch values induced lesser stress values at the implant-bone interface.展开更多
Aiming at the discontinuous traction on contact elements of roller bearing,new concepts of sub- and micro-element are put forward. In the sub-element and micro-element,traction influence coefficient has been modified,...Aiming at the discontinuous traction on contact elements of roller bearing,new concepts of sub- and micro-element are put forward. In the sub-element and micro-element,traction influence coefficient has been modified, which is calculated by the former boundary elementmethod (BEM) with roller bearing load. Hence, three-dimensional distribution of load on rollerbearing is calculated accurately. In practice, it has been proved that this method has highercalculation accuracy. An effective numerical method is offered for analyzing load characteristics ofroller bearing to improve service longevity of roller bearing and operation efficiency of rollingmill.展开更多
This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences...This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences of these elements on chemical composition and aroma components in tobacco leaves. Results showed that there were certain relationship between contents of nutrient elements in tobacco-planting soils and contents of corresponding elements in tobacco leaves; various elements exhibited different influences on the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the actual situation of nutrient contents in soils from different tobaccoproducing areas, contents of various elements in tobacco leaves should be regulated by soil fertilization and foliar spraying, thereby improving the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.展开更多
According to "Environmental quality standard for soil" and using As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn elements as evaluation index,the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang.The results show...According to "Environmental quality standard for soil" and using As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn elements as evaluation index,the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang.The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements.The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River,Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal.There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree.Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree.展开更多
During the production of SG iron, the selection of raw materials and control of chemical composition are most important. From the very early days of SG iron production, the effects of trace elements on graphite form a...During the production of SG iron, the selection of raw materials and control of chemical composition are most important. From the very early days of SG iron production, the effects of trace elements on graphite form and matrix structure have been studied, and the allowable concentration limits for their detrimental influence has been decreased year by year, during the last fifty years. This paper has reviewed some of the suggested SG iron trace elements in the literature and in several Chinese foundries. It was found that for most SG iron castings, rare earth elements are still required to neutralize the harmful effects of trace elements and improve SG iron quality. It also found that the use of high purity and ultra-high purity base iron melts enabled integrated, safety-critical and complicated SG iron castings of varying thickness, and heavy-section, to be produced successfully. These SG iron castings have surprisingly good structures, and their mechanical and dynamic properties are vastly superior to those specified in current international SG iron standards. Further study is required on the effects of using high purity and ultra-high purity base melts on the structure and properties of SG iron.展开更多
Asynchronous machines are predominantly preferred in industrial sectors for its reliability.Power quality perturbations have a greater impact on industries;among the different power quality events,voltage fluctuations...Asynchronous machines are predominantly preferred in industrial sectors for its reliability.Power quality perturbations have a greater impact on industries;among the different power quality events,voltage fluctuations are the most common and that may cause adverse effect on machine’s operation since they are longer enduring.The article discusses a numerical technique for evaluating asynchronous motors while taking into account magnetic saturation,losses,leakage flux,and voltage drop.A 2D linear analysis involving a multi-slice time stepping finite element model is used to predict the end effects.As an outcome,the magnetic saturation and losses are estimated using amodified 2D nonlinear time-stepping finite element formulation.The method takes the electromagnetic fields at the ends of the motor into account using limited computer resources.The proposed method will greatly reduce computation timewith limited computer resources for analyzing themachine’s performance with high precision.The analyzed findings assist in preventing voltage variance issues in the power network system and provide suggestions for developing a robust system.展开更多
This paper aims to turn complex groundwater data into comprehensible information by indexing the different factors numerically comparative to the standards of World Health Organization (WHO) to produce Water Quality I...This paper aims to turn complex groundwater data into comprehensible information by indexing the different factors numerically comparative to the standards of World Health Organization (WHO) to produce Water Quality Index (WQI). Water Quality Index (WQI) has been used to assess groundwater quality and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been used to create maps representing the spatial distribution of groundwater categories in Assiut governorate, Egypt. Water Quality Index has been computed by Un-weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WQIUA) method and applied on 796 wells over eight years from 2006 to 2013. The results showed that WQIUA values for drinking purposes were high and most of them reached higher or close to 100, which indicated that the groundwater was polluted and unsafe for drinking. On the other hand, the quality index of groundwater for irrigation purposes in most of the study area ranges between 55.78 and 78.38 (poor and very poor category);this means that groundwater is moderately polluted and rather suitable for irrigation.展开更多
Background:Many original studies have shown that traditional Chinese five-element therapy(FEM-therapy)can effectively relieve anxiety,depression and quality of life.However,one published systematic review refuted this...Background:Many original studies have shown that traditional Chinese five-element therapy(FEM-therapy)can effectively relieve anxiety,depression and quality of life.However,one published systematic review refuted this conclusion.To further clarify the efficacy of FEM therapy in relieving negative emotion among cancer patients and to assess the reliability of the evidence,this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.Methods:We searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing FEM-therapy versus standard care for cancer patients,six databases(CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,and WanFang),two clinical trial registries and one gray literature database were searched from inception to October 31,2022.Two investigators independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook Version 6.1.0.The RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.Overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation).Results:25 RCTs involving 1990 patients were finally included.Two of which had high risk bias,the remaining 23 were rated as unclear risk bias.Compared with other treatments,FEM-therapy combined with conventional nursing can significantly relieve anxiety(MD=-10.33,95%CI:[-13.77,-6.88],P<0.05;very low certainty)and depression(SMD=-1.10,95%CI:[-1.41,-0.79],P<0.05;very low certainty),and can significantly increase the quality of sleep(MD=-2.92,95%CI:[-4.89,-0.95],P<0.05;low certainty).Compared with acupuncture intervention,FEM-therapy combined with acupuncture can decreased the anxiety(SMD=-0.64,95%CI:[-0.98,-0.30],P<0.05;Moderate certainty)and depression(SMD=-0.68,95%CI:[-1.00,-0.32],P<0.05;Moderate certainty).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese FEM therapy combined with other treatments are effective in alleviating negative emotions among cancer patients.In order to better improve the quality of life of cancer patients and give more reliable advice,more trials of direct comparisons are needed to inform clinical decision-making with greater confidence.展开更多
The consumption of contaminated river water can have severe effects on human health.This study aims to investigate the trace elements(TEs)content and their health risk assessment in the Badigad River Basin in the less...The consumption of contaminated river water can have severe effects on human health.This study aims to investigate the trace elements(TEs)content and their health risk assessment in the Badigad River Basin in the lesser Himalayas of Nepal.In total,44 water samples were collected from 22 different sites during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons,and 25 TEs were analyzed.Correlation matrix and principal component analysis(PCA)were used to analyze the potential relationship between the measured TEs and their source tracking.Furthermore,the water quality index(WQI),metal index(MI),and cancer index(CI)were evaluated.The TEs content in all samples were found to be within the WHO recommended guideline for drinking and domestic purposes.The dominancy order of the TEs was observed as Sr>Ba>Li>Rb>Zn>Cr>Sc>Mn>Ti>Cu>As>Ni>Co>U>V>Pb>Cs>Ga>Y>Tl>Th>Zr>Bi>Cd>Nb.The PCA analysis suggested that TEs could have natural,anthropogenic,and mixed origins.The WQI indicated that the river water is safe from a human health perspective.The MI suggested that Badigad River can be considered safer for drinking purposes,and the cancer index(CI)showed that all the reported TEs are at low-risk levels.The findings of this study could be useful for government agencies in developing more sustainable water management policies in the region.However,it is suggested that further investigations should be conducted in terms of other hydrogeochemical variables,including major ions,at spatiotemporal levels for the sustainability of the river basin.展开更多
Based on the sub-region generalized variationM principle, a sub-region mixed version of the newly-developed semi-analytical 'finite element method of lines' (FEMOL) is proposed in this paper for accurate and effic...Based on the sub-region generalized variationM principle, a sub-region mixed version of the newly-developed semi-analytical 'finite element method of lines' (FEMOL) is proposed in this paper for accurate and efficient computation of stress intensity factors (SIFs) of two-dimensional notches/cracks. The circular regions surrounding notch/crack tips are taken as the complementary energy region in which a number of leading terms of singular solutions for stresses are used, with the sought SIFs being among the unknown coefficients. The rest of the arbitrary domain is taken as the potential energy region in which FEMOL is applied to obtain approximate displacements. A mixed system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and algebraic equations is derived via the sub-region generalized variational principle. A singularity removal technique that eliminates the stress parameters from the mixed equation system eventually yields a standard FEMOL ODE system, the solution of which is no longer singular and is simply and efficiently obtained using a standard general-purpose ODE solver. A number of numerical examples, including bi-material notches/cracks in anti-plane and plane elasticity, are given to show the generally excellent performance of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper aims to assess the ways in which multi-resolution object-based classification methods can be used to group urban environments made up of a mixture of buildings, sub-elements such as car parks, roads, shades...This paper aims to assess the ways in which multi-resolution object-based classification methods can be used to group urban environments made up of a mixture of buildings, sub-elements such as car parks, roads, shades and pavements and foliage such as grass and trees. This involves using both unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) which provide high-resolution mosaic Orthoimages and generate a Digital Surface Model (DSM). For the study area chosen for this paper, 400 Orthoimages with a spatial resolution of 7 cm each were used to build the Orthoimages and DSM, which were georeferenced using well distributed network of ground control points (GCPs) of 12 reference points (RMSE = 8 cm). As these were combined with onboard RTK-GNSS-enabled 2-frequency receivers, they were able to provide absolute block orientation which had a similar accuracy range if the data had been collected by traditional indirect sensor orientation. Traditional indirect sensor orientation involves the GNSS receiver in the UAV receiving a differential signal from the base station through a communication link. This allows for the precise position of the UAV to be established, as the RTK uses correction, allowing position, velocity, altitude and heading to tracked, as well as the measurement of raw sensor data. By assessing the results of the confusion matrices, it can be seen that the overall accuracy of the object-oriented classification was 84.37%. This has an overall Kappa of 0.74 and the data that had poor classification accuracy included shade, parking lots and concrete pavements. These had a producer accuracy (precision) of 81%, 74% and 74% respectively, while lakes and solar panels each scored 100% in comparison, meaning that they had good classification accuracy.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) five-element music combined with acupoint application on perioperative sleep quality in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. METHODS: In...OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) five-element music combined with acupoint application on perioperative sleep quality in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. METHODS: In this study, a total of 122 patients with joint replacement surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were targeted from 2015 to 2018. All patients were grouped by random number table method. Among them, 61 patients with routine nursing were included in the control group. On this basis, the other 61 patients with acupoint application and TCM five-element music therapy were included as the observation group. 2 weeks later, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality in all patients. The sleep improvement of the 2 groups was evaluated, and the patient was assessed for anxiety and depression, and the curative efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After 2 weeks of nursing, the PSQI of the patients improved significantly. The PSQI of the observation group was only 6.6 ± 2.4, and the control group decreased to 9.9 ± 2.7. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the anxiety score of the observation group decreased to 4.8 ± 1.6, which was significantly lower than that of 6.9 ± 2.2 in the control group. The depression score of the observation group decreased to 4.6 ± 1.3, which was significantly lower than that of 6.8 ± 2.3 in the control group. In the control group, the negative emotion scores after nursing were better than those before nursing, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was 96.6%, and the cure rate was as high as 49.1%. The control group was 82.0%, and the cure rate was 18.0%. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of TCM five-element music with acupoint application can improve the perioperative sleep quality of patients undergoing joint replacement surgery, and it can help patients to relieve negative emotions. It is worth promoting.展开更多
文摘Context: Endometriosis is a pathology that directly affects the daily lives of women with frequent impairment of their quality of life. In our environment, medical, socio-cultural, financial factors and factors related to the organization of the health care system greatly delay its diagnosis. The objectives of the present study were to determine the diagnosis delay and to assess the quality of life before surgery of women with endometriosis using the specific Endometriosis Health Profile 5 (EHP-5) questionnaire. Methods: We carried out a descriptive, observational, retrospective study in 8 medical centers in the City of Kinshasa, from January 2019 to October 2022. A total of 80 women with endometriosis confirmed by laparoscopy (16 diagnostic and 64 operative laparoscopies) and histopathology were interviewed. We used the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASMR) classification, the Endometriosis Fertility Index (EFI) score was calculated for infertile women and the EHP-5 questionnaire to assess quality of life. Our data was entered and analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software 16.1 (STATA 16.1). Results: Diagnosis delay of endometriosis was on average 12 ± 4.3 years. The overall mean EHP-5 score of all patients showed a severe deterioration in quality of life (604 ± 235). A negative relationship was observed between the age of the patient, the diagnostic delay, and the alteration of the quality of life in patients over 36 years old and those with about 11 years of diagnostic delay presenting the slight alteration. Patients with a high social level had very severe quality impairment. Women on hormonal treatment, those with a history of pregnancy, childbirth, miscarriage and abortion had a slight and significant deterioration in quality of life (p 0.05). Conclusion: Despite some limitations, our preliminary study highlights that in sub-Saharan Africa, the diagnosis of endometriosis is delayed and associated with a severe alteration in quality of life. Moreover, diagnosis of endometriosis seems to be restricted to women with high social levels. Therefore, further efforts are required to develop a health policy to decrease delay for diagnosis with potential benefits on symptoms, quality of life, fertility while limiting stigma and psychological effects of this debilitating pathology.
基金Supported by the Special Funds for Forestry Industry Research in Public Welfare(201404720)the National Science and Technology Support Program(2014BAD16B02-3)the Science and Technology Innovation Ability Construction Projects of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science(KJCX20150403)~~
文摘[Objective] The aims were to explore the relationship between the contents of fruit mineral elements and quality features of the 'Fuji' apple, screen major mineral elements of the fruit affecting fruit quality features, and set up optimum proposals of fruit mineral elements for good fruit qualities, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable orchard soil and foliar fertilizer applications to increase fruit quality and reduce the physiological diseases related to the 'Fuji' apple. [Methods] The fruit mineral elements and quality indicators of 'Fuji" apples were in- vestigated and analyzed, which were collected from the 153 commercial apple or- chards of "Fuji' apple located in 51 counties. The variable importance for projection (VlP) of partial least squares regression (PLS) method was used to analyze the model effect and weight analysis impact of the fruit mineral element contents to fruit quality, screen out major factors of fruit mineral elements influencing the different fruit qualities, and set up the regression equation of the fruit qualities and major fruit mineral elements. Linear programming was used to obtain optimum proposals of the fruit mineral elements to achieve good 'Fuji' apple qualities. [Results] The mineral elements content and quality characteristics in "Fuji' apple fruit had great differences in the different produce regions in which the maximum content of nitro- gen, iron, zinc and boron in the 'Fuji' fruit were12.06, 6.17, 7.7, and 10.08 times greater than the minimum respectively, and the differences for titratable acid and the SSC/TA ratio were 2.33 and 2.16 times respectively. The correlation analysis between the fruit mineral element contents and qualities showed that the nitrogen content of fruit had a significantly negative correlation with the soluble solid content, SSC/TA ratio and red color area, while the calcium and iron contents in the fruit were in significantly positive correlation with the soluble solid content and SSC/TA ratio. The model effect and weight analysis showed that the content of nitrogen and iron in the fruit had a greater influence on the integral fruit quality, followed by phosphorus, potassium and calcium. The variable importance for projection (VlP) technology of PLS found that the mean fruit weight was primarily affected by nitro- gen, phosphorus and potassium, and the soluble solid was primarily affected by ni- trogen, calcium and iron, while the red color area was primarily affected by nitro- gen, potassium, calcium, iron and zinc. The regression equation between fruit quality and mineral element contents showed that the mean fruit weight had a greater pos- itive effect coefficient with the content of phosphorus and potassium, and a greater negative effect coefficient with the content of nitrogen in the fruit. Moreover, the sol- uble solid had the largest negative effect coefficient with nitrogen and largest posi- tive effect coefficient with calcium and iron in the fruit. [Conclusion] The maximum content of soluble solid and titratable acid were 1.5 times more than the minimum, and nitrogen, iron, zinc and boron were 6 times more than in the 'Fuji' apple fruit in the different produce regions. Therefore, it is a key technological measure to improve the overall qualities of the "Fuji' apple by decreasing the content of nitrogen, and increasing the contents of iron, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in the fruit.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41261030)the Key Laboratory for Oasis Ecosystem,Ministry of Education(041079)~~
文摘Matter-element analysis method was used to construct the comprehensive matter-element model for the evaluation of the quality of various kinds of irrigation water in Turpan City to evaluate the quality of irrigation water(such as river water,spring water, Karez well water, pumped well water) in Turpan City, Xinjiang. The results showed that the quality of the irrigation water was the best in October,which was in Grade I or Grade 2; in May, the quality of some of the irrigation water became poorer to Grade II, which was easy to soil salinization; in March, the detected qualities of the water samples water from the Meiyaogou basin were all in Grade IV, which was not suitable for farmland irrigation. The comparison on the evaluation results of matter-element analysis and fuzzy evaluation method showed that the results of the 2 methods were almost consistent with each other, and showed good uniformity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30260060)a grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan,China(2002C0077M).
文摘Correlations between four grain quality, 24 plant morphological traits and eight element contents of 653 accessions from Yunnan rice were analyzed. P, K, Ca and Mg contents of core collection were closely correlated to the most plant morphological and grain quality traits, and there were highly significant correlations (P 〈0.01) among some traits including P content to number of stems and tillers, K content and amylose content, Ca content and plant height, Mg content and protein content. Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe contents of core collection were closely related to a few traits, such as Fe content and gel consistency (-0.1121^**), Zn content and seed setting rate (-0.1411^**), Cu content and number of grains per panicle (-0.1398^**), Mn content and plant height (-0.2492^**).
文摘This study aims to investigate the effects of variable thread pitch on stress distribution in bones of different bone qualities under two different loading conditions(Vertical,and Horizontal)for a Zirconia dental implant.For this purpose,a three dimensional finite element model of the mandibular premolar section and three single threaded implants of 0.8 mm,1.6 mm,2.4 mm pitch was designed.Finite element analysis software was used to develop the model and three different bone qualities(Type II,Type III,and Type IV)were prepared.A vertical load of 200 N,and a horizontal load of 100 N was applied at the abutment surface.The von-Mises stress criterion was used to analyze the results.The crestal bony-region of the mandibular section was subjected to maximum von-Mises stresses for all bone qualities.The outcome of this study indicates that,horizontal loading had more influence on stress distribution than vertical loading,regardless of the bone qualities and pitch values.Varying the dental implant pitch does not cause any decrease in stress distribution in bone,when the bone density decreased.The study concluded that implants with minimum pitch values induced lesser stress values at the implant-bone interface.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50205004, No. 50075075).
文摘Aiming at the discontinuous traction on contact elements of roller bearing,new concepts of sub- and micro-element are put forward. In the sub-element and micro-element,traction influence coefficient has been modified, which is calculated by the former boundary elementmethod (BEM) with roller bearing load. Hence, three-dimensional distribution of load on rollerbearing is calculated accurately. In practice, it has been proved that this method has highercalculation accuracy. An effective numerical method is offered for analyzing load characteristics ofroller bearing to improve service longevity of roller bearing and operation efficiency of rollingmill.
文摘This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutrient elements K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe in tobacco-planting soils and tobacco leaves from six main tobacco-producing areas, and to investigate the influences of these elements on chemical composition and aroma components in tobacco leaves. Results showed that there were certain relationship between contents of nutrient elements in tobacco-planting soils and contents of corresponding elements in tobacco leaves; various elements exhibited different influences on the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco. Based on the actual situation of nutrient contents in soils from different tobaccoproducing areas, contents of various elements in tobacco leaves should be regulated by soil fertilization and foliar spraying, thereby improving the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco.
基金Supported by Project of China Geological Survey(No.1212010511209)
文摘According to "Environmental quality standard for soil" and using As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn elements as evaluation index,the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang.The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements.The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River,Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal.There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree.Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree.
文摘During the production of SG iron, the selection of raw materials and control of chemical composition are most important. From the very early days of SG iron production, the effects of trace elements on graphite form and matrix structure have been studied, and the allowable concentration limits for their detrimental influence has been decreased year by year, during the last fifty years. This paper has reviewed some of the suggested SG iron trace elements in the literature and in several Chinese foundries. It was found that for most SG iron castings, rare earth elements are still required to neutralize the harmful effects of trace elements and improve SG iron quality. It also found that the use of high purity and ultra-high purity base iron melts enabled integrated, safety-critical and complicated SG iron castings of varying thickness, and heavy-section, to be produced successfully. These SG iron castings have surprisingly good structures, and their mechanical and dynamic properties are vastly superior to those specified in current international SG iron standards. Further study is required on the effects of using high purity and ultra-high purity base melts on the structure and properties of SG iron.
基金This research was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University through the Fast-track Research Funding Program.
文摘Asynchronous machines are predominantly preferred in industrial sectors for its reliability.Power quality perturbations have a greater impact on industries;among the different power quality events,voltage fluctuations are the most common and that may cause adverse effect on machine’s operation since they are longer enduring.The article discusses a numerical technique for evaluating asynchronous motors while taking into account magnetic saturation,losses,leakage flux,and voltage drop.A 2D linear analysis involving a multi-slice time stepping finite element model is used to predict the end effects.As an outcome,the magnetic saturation and losses are estimated using amodified 2D nonlinear time-stepping finite element formulation.The method takes the electromagnetic fields at the ends of the motor into account using limited computer resources.The proposed method will greatly reduce computation timewith limited computer resources for analyzing themachine’s performance with high precision.The analyzed findings assist in preventing voltage variance issues in the power network system and provide suggestions for developing a robust system.
文摘This paper aims to turn complex groundwater data into comprehensible information by indexing the different factors numerically comparative to the standards of World Health Organization (WHO) to produce Water Quality Index (WQI). Water Quality Index (WQI) has been used to assess groundwater quality and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) has been used to create maps representing the spatial distribution of groundwater categories in Assiut governorate, Egypt. Water Quality Index has been computed by Un-weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WQIUA) method and applied on 796 wells over eight years from 2006 to 2013. The results showed that WQIUA values for drinking purposes were high and most of them reached higher or close to 100, which indicated that the groundwater was polluted and unsafe for drinking. On the other hand, the quality index of groundwater for irrigation purposes in most of the study area ranges between 55.78 and 78.38 (poor and very poor category);this means that groundwater is moderately polluted and rather suitable for irrigation.
基金supported by Shanghai Key Laboratory of Health Identification and Assessment(Grant No.21DZ2271000).
文摘Background:Many original studies have shown that traditional Chinese five-element therapy(FEM-therapy)can effectively relieve anxiety,depression and quality of life.However,one published systematic review refuted this conclusion.To further clarify the efficacy of FEM therapy in relieving negative emotion among cancer patients and to assess the reliability of the evidence,this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed.Methods:We searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing FEM-therapy versus standard care for cancer patients,six databases(CBM,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,and WanFang),two clinical trial registries and one gray literature database were searched from inception to October 31,2022.Two investigators independently screened literature,extracted data,and assessed risk of bias according to the Cochrane Handbook Version 6.1.0.The RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.Overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE(Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation).Results:25 RCTs involving 1990 patients were finally included.Two of which had high risk bias,the remaining 23 were rated as unclear risk bias.Compared with other treatments,FEM-therapy combined with conventional nursing can significantly relieve anxiety(MD=-10.33,95%CI:[-13.77,-6.88],P<0.05;very low certainty)and depression(SMD=-1.10,95%CI:[-1.41,-0.79],P<0.05;very low certainty),and can significantly increase the quality of sleep(MD=-2.92,95%CI:[-4.89,-0.95],P<0.05;low certainty).Compared with acupuncture intervention,FEM-therapy combined with acupuncture can decreased the anxiety(SMD=-0.64,95%CI:[-0.98,-0.30],P<0.05;Moderate certainty)and depression(SMD=-0.68,95%CI:[-1.00,-0.32],P<0.05;Moderate certainty).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese FEM therapy combined with other treatments are effective in alleviating negative emotions among cancer patients.In order to better improve the quality of life of cancer patients and give more reliable advice,more trials of direct comparisons are needed to inform clinical decision-making with greater confidence.
文摘The consumption of contaminated river water can have severe effects on human health.This study aims to investigate the trace elements(TEs)content and their health risk assessment in the Badigad River Basin in the lesser Himalayas of Nepal.In total,44 water samples were collected from 22 different sites during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons,and 25 TEs were analyzed.Correlation matrix and principal component analysis(PCA)were used to analyze the potential relationship between the measured TEs and their source tracking.Furthermore,the water quality index(WQI),metal index(MI),and cancer index(CI)were evaluated.The TEs content in all samples were found to be within the WHO recommended guideline for drinking and domestic purposes.The dominancy order of the TEs was observed as Sr>Ba>Li>Rb>Zn>Cr>Sc>Mn>Ti>Cu>As>Ni>Co>U>V>Pb>Cs>Ga>Y>Tl>Th>Zr>Bi>Cd>Nb.The PCA analysis suggested that TEs could have natural,anthropogenic,and mixed origins.The WQI indicated that the river water is safe from a human health perspective.The MI suggested that Badigad River can be considered safer for drinking purposes,and the cancer index(CI)showed that all the reported TEs are at low-risk levels.The findings of this study could be useful for government agencies in developing more sustainable water management policies in the region.However,it is suggested that further investigations should be conducted in terms of other hydrogeochemical variables,including major ions,at spatiotemporal levels for the sustainability of the river basin.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Nos.59525813 and 19872066)the Cardiff Advanced Chinese Engineering Centre of Cardiff University.
文摘Based on the sub-region generalized variationM principle, a sub-region mixed version of the newly-developed semi-analytical 'finite element method of lines' (FEMOL) is proposed in this paper for accurate and efficient computation of stress intensity factors (SIFs) of two-dimensional notches/cracks. The circular regions surrounding notch/crack tips are taken as the complementary energy region in which a number of leading terms of singular solutions for stresses are used, with the sought SIFs being among the unknown coefficients. The rest of the arbitrary domain is taken as the potential energy region in which FEMOL is applied to obtain approximate displacements. A mixed system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and algebraic equations is derived via the sub-region generalized variational principle. A singularity removal technique that eliminates the stress parameters from the mixed equation system eventually yields a standard FEMOL ODE system, the solution of which is no longer singular and is simply and efficiently obtained using a standard general-purpose ODE solver. A number of numerical examples, including bi-material notches/cracks in anti-plane and plane elasticity, are given to show the generally excellent performance of the proposed method.
文摘This paper aims to assess the ways in which multi-resolution object-based classification methods can be used to group urban environments made up of a mixture of buildings, sub-elements such as car parks, roads, shades and pavements and foliage such as grass and trees. This involves using both unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) which provide high-resolution mosaic Orthoimages and generate a Digital Surface Model (DSM). For the study area chosen for this paper, 400 Orthoimages with a spatial resolution of 7 cm each were used to build the Orthoimages and DSM, which were georeferenced using well distributed network of ground control points (GCPs) of 12 reference points (RMSE = 8 cm). As these were combined with onboard RTK-GNSS-enabled 2-frequency receivers, they were able to provide absolute block orientation which had a similar accuracy range if the data had been collected by traditional indirect sensor orientation. Traditional indirect sensor orientation involves the GNSS receiver in the UAV receiving a differential signal from the base station through a communication link. This allows for the precise position of the UAV to be established, as the RTK uses correction, allowing position, velocity, altitude and heading to tracked, as well as the measurement of raw sensor data. By assessing the results of the confusion matrices, it can be seen that the overall accuracy of the object-oriented classification was 84.37%. This has an overall Kappa of 0.74 and the data that had poor classification accuracy included shade, parking lots and concrete pavements. These had a producer accuracy (precision) of 81%, 74% and 74% respectively, while lakes and solar panels each scored 100% in comparison, meaning that they had good classification accuracy.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) five-element music combined with acupoint application on perioperative sleep quality in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery. METHODS: In this study, a total of 122 patients with joint replacement surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were targeted from 2015 to 2018. All patients were grouped by random number table method. Among them, 61 patients with routine nursing were included in the control group. On this basis, the other 61 patients with acupoint application and TCM five-element music therapy were included as the observation group. 2 weeks later, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality in all patients. The sleep improvement of the 2 groups was evaluated, and the patient was assessed for anxiety and depression, and the curative efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: After 2 weeks of nursing, the PSQI of the patients improved significantly. The PSQI of the observation group was only 6.6 ± 2.4, and the control group decreased to 9.9 ± 2.7. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the anxiety score of the observation group decreased to 4.8 ± 1.6, which was significantly lower than that of 6.9 ± 2.2 in the control group. The depression score of the observation group decreased to 4.6 ± 1.3, which was significantly lower than that of 6.8 ± 2.3 in the control group. In the control group, the negative emotion scores after nursing were better than those before nursing, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Comparing the 2 groups, the effective rate of sleep improvement in the observation group was 96.6%, and the cure rate was as high as 49.1%. The control group was 82.0%, and the cure rate was 18.0%. The observation group was better than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of TCM five-element music with acupoint application can improve the perioperative sleep quality of patients undergoing joint replacement surgery, and it can help patients to relieve negative emotions. It is worth promoting.