Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atm...Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atmosphere. The air quality in urban areas is of a great concern for residents living in cities and represents a current issue that requires an adequate management. So that air quality policy is driven by health concerns. In this paper, we present an overview on the experience of Agadir city to establish the air quality management policy, local authority on the whole have developed a good understanding of air quality in the area. Indeed for several years, efforts have been made to monitor the air quality in this city, this translated by air quality assessment since 2006 using mobile laboratory and fixed station. Our goals in this study were to review the operation of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) making better use of available resources to improve its outcomes and make recommendations with a view to improving air quality issues. This work highlights the requirement to revise periodically the LAQM for generating priority for air quality issues within local authority and the need to implement the optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN).展开更多
From 2007-2009, National Energy and Water Research Center (NEWRC) on behalf of Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) conducted a long term baseline study of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), su...From 2007-2009, National Energy and Water Research Center (NEWRC) on behalf of Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) conducted a long term baseline study of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter 2, SO2, and 8 hour average of CO were within the acceptable levels of 400, 300 and 30,000 μg/m3 respectively, whereas the levels of O3 as 8 hour average (3) and PM10 (3) occasionally exceeded the FEA permissible limits during the study period. Seasonal variation based on three years data reveals that the highest concentration of NO2 and SO2 were during winter and for CO and O3 during summer months. Results indicate that the levels of SO2 and CO were significantly controlled and improved while the fuel combustion of Al Mirfa power plant had increased from 2007 to 2009. Dust has significantly impact on the air quality by elevated levels of PM10 exceed in several instances associated with regional sand- storm during the monitoring period.展开更多
This work aims to provide a methodology framework which allows to improve the performance and efficiency of an air quality monitoring network(AQMN).It requires to be constituted by a minimum and reliable number of mea...This work aims to provide a methodology framework which allows to improve the performance and efficiency of an air quality monitoring network(AQMN).It requires to be constituted by a minimum and reliable number of measurement sites.Nevertheless,the AQMN efficiency should be assessed over time,as a consequence of the possible emergence of new emission sources of air pollutants,which could lead to variations on their spatial distribution within the target area.PM_(10)particles data monitored by the Community of Madrid's(Spain)AQMN between 2008 and 2017 were used to develop a methodology to optimize the AQMN performance.The annual spatial distribution of average PM_(10)levels over the studied period monitored by all current stations vs those more representative was provided by a geographic information system(GIS),and the percentage of similarity between both postulates was quantified using simple linear regression(>95%).As one innovative tool of this study,the practical application of the proposed methodology was validated using PM_(10)particles data measured by AQMN during 2007 and 2018,reaching a similitude degree higher than 95%.The influence of temporal variation on the proposed methodological framework was around 20%.The proposed methodology sets criteria for identifying non-redundant stations within AQMN,it is also able to appropriately assess the representativeness of fixed monitoring sites within an AQMN and it complements the guidelines set by European legislation on air pollutants monitoring at fixed stations,which could help to tackle efforts to improve the air quality management.展开更多
Background: Ambient (outdoor) air pollution has been implicated as a major cause of acute cardiovascular and pulmonary illnesses and increased risk for acute and chronic effects after chronic exposures, including mort...Background: Ambient (outdoor) air pollution has been implicated as a major cause of acute cardiovascular and pulmonary illnesses and increased risk for acute and chronic effects after chronic exposures, including mortality and morbidity. In 2008, due to persistent health concerns about its workforce and their dependents, the US Mission in China began monitoring air quality at the US Embassy in Beijing. Subsequently, monitoring stations were also established at US consulates at Shanghai (2011), Guangzhou (2011), Chengdu (2012), and Shenyang (2013). Objectives: To determine whether there have been definable trends in air quality in these five Chinese cities. Methods: Air monitoring results from each locale for accumulated PM2.5 particulate matter were calculated hourly. Accumulated data were organized, culled using a standardized set of heuristics, and analyzed for trends. Results: China’s capital city, Beijing, experienced decreased PM2.5 from 2013 through 2015, but no significant long-term downward trend from 2008 through 2015. Shanghai has not shown any definable air quality trend since 2012. Chengdu experienced some improvement in air quality since 2013, but none discernible from 2012 through 2015. Guangzhou had generally better air quality, and a downward trend since 2012. Shenyang experienced increasingly severe air pollution from 2013 through 2015. Conclusion: There appear to have been recent tangible, though modest, improvements in air quality in three large Chinese cities: Beijing, Chengdu, and Guangzhou, but no apparent progress in Shanghai, and a worrisome decline in air quality observed in Shenyang. Despite recent progress, there is a long way to go before even the cities which show improvement reach Chinese standards.展开更多
文摘Air pollution is a major global issue with widely known harmful effects on human health and the environment. This pollution is a very complex phenomenon given the diversity of pollutants that may be present in the atmosphere. The air quality in urban areas is of a great concern for residents living in cities and represents a current issue that requires an adequate management. So that air quality policy is driven by health concerns. In this paper, we present an overview on the experience of Agadir city to establish the air quality management policy, local authority on the whole have developed a good understanding of air quality in the area. Indeed for several years, efforts have been made to monitor the air quality in this city, this translated by air quality assessment since 2006 using mobile laboratory and fixed station. Our goals in this study were to review the operation of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) making better use of available resources to improve its outcomes and make recommendations with a view to improving air quality issues. This work highlights the requirement to revise periodically the LAQM for generating priority for air quality issues within local authority and the need to implement the optimizing Air Quality Monitoring Network (AQMN).
文摘From 2007-2009, National Energy and Water Research Center (NEWRC) on behalf of Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) conducted a long term baseline study of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter 2, SO2, and 8 hour average of CO were within the acceptable levels of 400, 300 and 30,000 μg/m3 respectively, whereas the levels of O3 as 8 hour average (3) and PM10 (3) occasionally exceeded the FEA permissible limits during the study period. Seasonal variation based on three years data reveals that the highest concentration of NO2 and SO2 were during winter and for CO and O3 during summer months. Results indicate that the levels of SO2 and CO were significantly controlled and improved while the fuel combustion of Al Mirfa power plant had increased from 2007 to 2009. Dust has significantly impact on the air quality by elevated levels of PM10 exceed in several instances associated with regional sand- storm during the monitoring period.
文摘This work aims to provide a methodology framework which allows to improve the performance and efficiency of an air quality monitoring network(AQMN).It requires to be constituted by a minimum and reliable number of measurement sites.Nevertheless,the AQMN efficiency should be assessed over time,as a consequence of the possible emergence of new emission sources of air pollutants,which could lead to variations on their spatial distribution within the target area.PM_(10)particles data monitored by the Community of Madrid's(Spain)AQMN between 2008 and 2017 were used to develop a methodology to optimize the AQMN performance.The annual spatial distribution of average PM_(10)levels over the studied period monitored by all current stations vs those more representative was provided by a geographic information system(GIS),and the percentage of similarity between both postulates was quantified using simple linear regression(>95%).As one innovative tool of this study,the practical application of the proposed methodology was validated using PM_(10)particles data measured by AQMN during 2007 and 2018,reaching a similitude degree higher than 95%.The influence of temporal variation on the proposed methodological framework was around 20%.The proposed methodology sets criteria for identifying non-redundant stations within AQMN,it is also able to appropriately assess the representativeness of fixed monitoring sites within an AQMN and it complements the guidelines set by European legislation on air pollutants monitoring at fixed stations,which could help to tackle efforts to improve the air quality management.
文摘Background: Ambient (outdoor) air pollution has been implicated as a major cause of acute cardiovascular and pulmonary illnesses and increased risk for acute and chronic effects after chronic exposures, including mortality and morbidity. In 2008, due to persistent health concerns about its workforce and their dependents, the US Mission in China began monitoring air quality at the US Embassy in Beijing. Subsequently, monitoring stations were also established at US consulates at Shanghai (2011), Guangzhou (2011), Chengdu (2012), and Shenyang (2013). Objectives: To determine whether there have been definable trends in air quality in these five Chinese cities. Methods: Air monitoring results from each locale for accumulated PM2.5 particulate matter were calculated hourly. Accumulated data were organized, culled using a standardized set of heuristics, and analyzed for trends. Results: China’s capital city, Beijing, experienced decreased PM2.5 from 2013 through 2015, but no significant long-term downward trend from 2008 through 2015. Shanghai has not shown any definable air quality trend since 2012. Chengdu experienced some improvement in air quality since 2013, but none discernible from 2012 through 2015. Guangzhou had generally better air quality, and a downward trend since 2012. Shenyang experienced increasingly severe air pollution from 2013 through 2015. Conclusion: There appear to have been recent tangible, though modest, improvements in air quality in three large Chinese cities: Beijing, Chengdu, and Guangzhou, but no apparent progress in Shanghai, and a worrisome decline in air quality observed in Shenyang. Despite recent progress, there is a long way to go before even the cities which show improvement reach Chinese standards.
