ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF URBAN LIFE IN CHINA

The quality of life is considered as the distributed degree of social resources with significance to the urban residents as a whole. There are three features about the study of the quality of life by means of objective method. First, objective methid is based on the government publication of statistics from which the information of social environment influencing people’s life can be obtained by systematic analysis. Second, as a result of social policy and planning development, the quality of life studied by objective method can provide scieatific basis for regulating and making policy. Third, the objective method emphasize that the improvement of the quality of life mainly depends on the effort from the government so as to set up a coordinatly developed environment of community.On the basis of relevant data from the 1991 Yearbook of Urban Statirtics of China published by Statistics Press of China, and using spss, the quality of urban life in China is evaluated. Seventy four cities are selected from

2010 World Expo and Urban Life Quality in Shanghai in Terms of Sustainable Development

Based on sustainable development theory and the UN's Human Development Index, this thesis puts forward what the quality of urban life implies, makes a study of the world Expo's potential influences on the urban life of Shanghai and advances the strategy and measures to strengthen the life-quality-facing urban

An empirical study of everyday life information seeking behavior of urban low-income residents in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou, China

This paper reports an investigation on everyday life information seeking behavior of urban low-income group in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou City. Empirical data were collected via in-depth interviews with low-income urban residents and were analyzed using qualitative methods. This paper discusses the research findings based on the more noticeable results of information seeking behavior among these people. Our approach touches on a focused study of such issues as what the role of information seeking in their everyday life is, what information they care about, which information channels they prefer to use, which factors influence their information seeking behavior, how difficult it is to seek the information they need, and how they use public libraries. Based on our research findings, we propose that public libraries should provide customized information services for urban low-income residents according to the unique characteristics of their information seeking behavior in everyday life.

Identity of Urban Spaces: Assessment and Evaluation

As a major symbol of civilization,the city was built by man for his security and comfort.It is not only a settlement,but also an urban development which has been identified with the spirit that has been breathed into the community.Urban identity which is also known as collective identity,has gained meaning through the content of objective manifestation and the creation of flashbacks,citizens’memories and mental associations.That is what makes urban dwellers become citizens.Although the identity of the city is a result of civic culture,it still has an influence on the process of citizenship and can also be a reason for developing criteria related to the participation and assessment of its inhabitants.According to the view that identity is a set of traits and characteristics that distinguishes the dignity of a person and a society from other individuals and communities,a city becomes characterized and independent by adhering to these criteria.Despite the importance of identity as one of the richest qualitative aspects of urban life that gives meaning and fulfilment to the human quiddity,this complicated and expanded concept has still not been seriously considered,especially in relation to urban spaces.In fact,identity in architecture and urban spaces has recently diminished,since the main focus lies on building spaces for optimized profit and not for high quality living areas.In this research paper,parameters affecting urban identity are evaluated,and strategies and guidelines to promote these parameters are finally presented.

Strategies for the Revitalization of Urban Centers: The Case Studies of Almada, Setúbal, and Batumi

Over time,urban centers begin to show signs of vulnerability and to lose their identity.These centers,often referred to as“devitalized”or“lost”urban centers,require urgent urban revitalization programs.Until today,most urban intervention actions were based on physical principles,which caused the disappearance of important dynamics of vitality and give rise to the concepts of urban renewal,rehabilitation,and requalification.These concepts create a utopian idea about the city.This article intends to define strategic guidelines that will transform a devitalized area to an area more attractive to socio-economic investment.These guidelines must meet the“right to the city”by promoting the urban center as a space of belonging,with values of citizenship,ethics,and aesthetics and that does not only focus on the functional level,but essentially social.It is against this background that some successful cases of urban revitalization actions in the medium port cities of Almada and Setúbal in Portugal and Batumi in Georgia are presented.Presenting these cases is essential for understanding the situations,methods,and strategic actions to be applied in urban revitalization.This paper gathered that obtaining creative and innovative ideas would contribute to the promotion of urban revitalization.

The Use of Self-cleaning Materials and Study Their Impact on the Quality of the Visual Appearance of Large Industrial Cities

One of the capabilities of the architecture is to respond to growing and,in some cases,varied needs of users.However,architecture and construction industry,in comparison with other sciences,have been very slow and inadequate to implement this technology despite very suitable ground for improvement.At the moment,one of the most essential discussions in this field is how to achieve qualitative understanding of construction materials.Accordingly,one of the key sections of a construction which plays a significant role in optimizing performance is shell of the building.In this article,in addition to the utilization technique of selfcleaning materials in construction industry which will result in embellishment of urban design,an attempt has also been made to present a suitable model on how to utilize these materials in order to improve the visual appearance quality of megalopolises.The technology of self-cleaning surfaces in order to increase durability and reduce costs and required time for equipment maintenance has currently become the focal point in construction industry.Now providing one answer to the question of whether will selfcleaning,purifying facades change the future of urban architecture?The main panorama of this research is to find and establish a dynamic and sustainable balance in embellishment of urban design.The necessity of research in this field as well as finding the best and most practical solution seem.To achieve all this,an analytical and descriptive research has been utilized,data has been collected by various books and national and international websites.

Key Social Determinants to Narrow the Gap between Health-adjusted Life Expectancy and Life Expectancy in Megacities

Objective Improvement in the quality of life is reflected in the narrowing of the gap between healthadjusted life expectancy(HALE)and life expectancy(LE).The effect of megacity expansion on narrowing the gap is rarely reported.This study aimed to disclose this potential relationship.Methods Annual life tables were constructed from identified death records and population counts from multiple administrative sources in Guangzhou,China,from 2010 to 2020.Joinpoint regression was used to evaluate the temporal trend.Generalized principal component analysis and multilevel models were applied to examine the county-level association between the gap and social determinants.Results Although LE and HALE in megacities are increasing steadily,their gap is widening.Socioeconomic and health services are guaranteed to narrow this gap.Increasing personal wealth,a growing number of newborns and healthy immigrants,high urbanization,and healthy aging have helped in narrowing this gap.Conclusion In megacities,parallel LE and HALE growth should be highly considered to narrow their gap.Multiple social determinants need to be integrated as a whole to formulate public health plans.

空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用

厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。

美好生活:城市数字化治理的实践逻辑——基于成都市的经验观察

城市治理逐渐向智能化、智慧化和敏捷性方向发展,同时不断融合绿色、宜居、包容等新理念。已有成果探究了美好生活的内涵、特征和建设路径,相对忽视了数字治理的生活维度,少有研究将美好生活置于城市数字化治理转型进程中予以详细分析。研究提出城市数字治理美好生活逻辑的新命题,重点揭示城市数字化治理转型过程中美好生活逻辑的实现机制。城市数字治理嵌入居民微观生活实践中,并通过改变居民个体进而改善群体生活模式和生活经验。成都市数字化治理转型过程中呈现出美好生活的逻辑转向,并通过五种机制逐步推动居民美好生活的实现,即通过政策设计机制实现高品质宜居引领市民生活方式变革、通过数字助推机制实现全链条的居民幸福美好生活、通过共建共治共享机制完善全领域的居民幸福美好生活、通过服务进阶机制健全全周期的居民幸福美好生活、通过托底与提升机制实现全覆盖的居民幸福美好生活。城市数字化治理折射出居民生活方式的全面变革,通过技术和社会的高度融合实现美好生活的建设,进而促进国家现代化。研究探索出一种具有中国特色和时代特征的城市生活治理新模式,拓展了城市治理中的生活维度,同时为相关部门建设高品质居民生活方式提供了重要启发。

日常的温暖:“为人”的公共空间

后疫情时代背景下,我国城市建设中尤其需要重视“以人为本”的规划设计,实现环境品质的精细化提升。文章针对快速建设中城市公共空间的规划设计重宏大叙事、轻日常使用的现象,通过问题和症结解析,强调公共空间营造需顺应时代发展下的新需求新动向,突出“为人”的初心,成就“日常温暖”的公共场所,并提出了“径、空、用、场”四项关键原则,即“步行力可及、空间好体验、日常多功用、场所有归属”。

马王堆导引术对城市社区老年人生活质量的影响研究

目的:通过为期4个月的实验干预,探究马王堆导引术对城市社区老年人生活质量的影响。方法:采用随机对照实验设计,将40名城市社区老年人随机分为人口统计学特征和健康状况相似的实验组和对照组。对照组不进行任何干预,实验组接受为期4个月的马王堆导引术练习干预,练习内容涵盖马王堆导引术的基本动作与呼吸方法。通过对比实验前后和组间的结果数据来评估马王堆导引术对老年人生活质量的影响效果。结果:实验干预后,实验组老年人在生理功能、生理职能、躯体疼痛、总体健康、社会功能、精神健康等维度以及生活质量(总卷)上的得分均有显著提升(P<0.05),躯体疼痛维度的得分提升尤为明显(P<0.01)。结论:马王堆导引术对城市社区老年人的生活质量具有显著的改善作用,建议进行进一步的推广和应用。

城镇居民就业质量评价及其时空演变——基于共享发展视角

本研究基于共享发展视角,构建既能体现发展性又能体现共享性的就业质量评价指标体系,对2010—2021年我国28个省份的城镇居民就业质量进行综合评价及时空演变分析。研究发现:我国城镇居民就业质量稳步上升,同时呈现出明显的空间不均衡现象。从差异变化来看,城镇居民就业质量的空间差异系数明显下降,主要原因是区域间差异的缩小。从空间相关性来看,城镇居民就业质量存在着显著但较小的正向空间自相关性,同时高值省份对周围省份的正向影响逐渐变弱,而低值省份对周围省份的负向影响有所增强。从子系统来看,发展子系统和共享子系统的协调程度有所提升,但仍存在进步的空间。从障碍因子分析来看,工作收入的平均水平和居民幸福感的差异程度是制约城镇居民就业质量提升的主要因素。

生育对女性农民工居留意愿的影响研究——基于生命历程的视角

生育是女性农民工生命历程中无法回避的话题,对其城市居留意愿有着重要的影响。基于生命历程视角,结合2017年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据,运用二元Logistic模型分析生育对女性农民工居留意愿的影响。研究发现,生育对女性农民工居留意愿有着积极促进作用。其中,代际差异呈现出倒U型的影响,0~1个孩子对女性农民工居留意愿影响不显著,而2个与3个及以上子女对女性农民工居留意愿影响显著。与子女一起流动对女性农民工居留意愿影响更强。

数字乡村建设与农村居民生活质量——基于新结构经济学视角

文章基于CGSS调查的2021年数据,探究数字乡村建设与农村居民生活质量的影响及机制作用。研究表明:数字乡村建设对农村居民生活质量具有正向促进作用,但随着经济发展水平逐步提升,数字乡村建设对农村居民生活质量的促进作用将呈现边际递减的情况;此外,数字乡村建设能够通过促进社会参与提升农村居民生活质量;同时,数字乡村建设对农村居民生活质量的影响有明显的异质性,从区域来看,东部和中部地区的促进作用最为显著。从受教育程度来看,受到高等教育的群体反而呈现负效应;进一步地,数字乡村建设与农村居民生活质量存在倒“U”型关系,也即存在最优数字乡村建设水平。偏离了最优的数字乡村建设,将会对农村居民生活质量产生负面影响。

动迁居民生活质量对支持旅游开发的影响——迁居满意度和地方依赖的作用

文章以“认知—情感—意向”关系理论为切入点,以迁居满意度为中介和地方依赖为调节,实证考察动迁居民生活质量对支持旅游开发的作用机制和边界条件。研究结果表明:动迁居民生活质量对迁居满意度和支持旅游开发有显著正向影响;迁居满意度在生活质量与支持旅游开发之间起部分中介作用;地方依赖不仅调节了迁居满意度对支持旅游开发的直接影响,还进一步调节了生活质量通过迁居满意度对支持旅游开发的间接影响。

农村电子商务发展对农村居民生活品质的影响研究

党的二十大报告指出,必须坚持在发展中保障和改善民生,鼓励共同奋斗创造美好生活,不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。基于此,本文利用省域面板数据,实证分析农村电子商务发展对农村居民生活品质的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现,农村电子商务发展对农村居民生活品质提高具有显著的促进作用,呈“自东向西”依次减弱趋势。从作用机制分析来看,数字普惠金融在农村电子商务发展与农村居民生活品质中起着重要的调节作用。另外,为进一步提高居民生活品质,本文提出加大农村电子商务发展力度、提升数字普惠金融应用、逐步缩小地区发展差距、持续监管和政策评估等相关政策建议,以供参考。

城乡居民医保整合对老年人自评健康状况和生活满意度的影响研究

背景关于医保制度改革与老年人健康状况、生活满意度三者之间的关系,尚缺乏一定的实证研究和依据。目的探讨城乡居民医保制度整合对老年人自评健康状况和生活满意度的影响。方法本研究以中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)研究为基础,选取2015年和2018年随访数据,以≥60岁且信息完整的老年人作为研究对象,提取问卷调查中的人口学信息、健康状况与功能、医疗保健与保险等内容。根据是否实施城乡居民医保制度整合分为整合组和未整合组,建立Logistic回归模型,分析城乡居民医保制度整合对老年人自评健康状况及生活满意度的影响。此外,进一步以城乡居民医保制度整合作为自变量,自评健康状况作为中介变量,生活满意度作为因变量,构建结构方程模型,进行中介效应分析。结果本研究纳入研究对象4364人,其中整合组694人(15.90%),未整合组3670人(84.10%)。整合组自评健康状况优于未整合组(20.74%vs 17.41%,P=0.038),自评健康状况更好(OR=1.281,95%CI=1.038~1.581,P=0.021)。整合组的人群生活满意度优于未整合组(94.80%vs 91.87%,P=0.009),生活满意度更高(OR=1.378,95%CI=1.037~1.831,P=0.027)。自评健康状况在城乡居民医保制度整合对生活满意度影响的作用中存在部分中介效应,效应值为0.050(P=0.043),中介效应在总效应中所占的比例为46.66%。结论城乡居民医保制度整合有利于老年人健康状况得到改善,提高老年人的生活满意度,具有积极的现实意义。未来应继续加强对城乡居民医保制度的普及,提高医保待遇水平,建立健全更加合理的筹资机制,促进农村医疗服务质量提升,进一步改善老年人健康水平。