Combined lumbar muscle block and perioperative comprehensive patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with butorphanol in gynecological endoscopic surgery

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery has become a common surgical approach for the clinical treatment of intra-abdominal lesions in recent years.We hypothesized that lumbar block with postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)by butorphanol after gynecological surgery under general anesthesia would be more effective than PCIA by butorphanol alone.AIM To investigate the effect of lumbar block with PCIA by butorphanol after gynecological surgery under general anesthesia.METHODS This study assessed 120 women scheduled for laparoscopic surgery at our hospital between May 2017 and May 2020.They were divided using a random number table into a research group(those who received quadratus lumborum block combined with PCIA analgesia by butorphanol)and a control group(those who received only PCIA analgesia by butorphanol),with 60 patients in each group.Demographic factors,visual analog scale scores for pain,serum inflammatory markers,PCIA compressions,Ramsay scores,and adverse events were compared between groups using a t-test,analysis of variance,orχ2 test,as appropriate.RESULTS There were no significant differences in demographic factors between groups(all P>0.05).The visual analog scale scores of the research group in the resting state 12 h and 24 h postoperatively were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).Two hours after surgery,there were no significant differences in the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,or IL-8 between groups(P>0.05).The serum tumor necrosis factor-αlevels of the research group 24 h postoperatively were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The levels of serum IL-6 and IL-8 in the study group 24 h and 48 h postoperatively were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Lumbar block with PCIA with butorphanol after gynecological surgery under general anesthesia significantly improves the analgesic effect and reduces the degree of inflammation,instances of PCIA compression,and adverse reactions.

Safety of applying midazolam-ketamine-propofol sedation combination under the supervision of endoscopy nurse with patient-controlled analgesia pump in colonoscopy

AIM To compare the results of midazolam-ketaminepropofol sedation performed by an endoscopy nurse and anaesthetist during colonoscopy in terms of patient satisfaction and safety.METHODS American Statistical Association(ASA) Ⅰ-Ⅱ 60 patients who underwent colonoscopy under sedation were randomly divided into two groups: sedation under the supervision of an anaesthetist(SSA) and sedation under the supervision of an endoscopy nurse(SSEN). Both groups were initially administered 1 mg midazolam, 50 mg ketamine and 30-50 mg propofol. Continuation of sedation was performed by the anaesthetist in the SSAgroup and the nurse with a patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) pump in the SSEN group. The total propofol consumption, procedure duration, recovery times, pain using the visual analogue scale(VAS) and satisfaction score of the patients, and side effects were recorded. In addition, the patients were asked whether they remembered the procedure and whether they would prefer the same method in the case of re-endoscopy.RESULTS Total propofol consumption in the SSEN group was significantly higher(P < 0.05) than that in the SSA group. When the groups were compared in terms of VAS score, recovery time, patient satisfaction, recall of the procedure, re-preference for the same method in case of re-endoscopy, and side effects, there were no significant differences(P > 0.05) between the two groups. No long-term required intervention side effects were observed in either group.CONCLUSION Colonoscopy sedation in ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients can be safely performed by an endoscopy nurse using PCA pump with the incidence of side effects and patient satisfaction levels similar to sedation under anaesthetist supervision.

Comparative efficacy of ketamine,lidocaine,acetaminophen,and dexmedetomidine combined with morphine patient-controlled analgesia in treating opium-addicted patients undergoing tibia fracture surgery:A randomized clinical trial

Objective:To compare the effect of ketamine,lidocaine,acetaminophen,and dexmedetomidine combined with morphine patient-controlled analgesia for opium addicts after tibial fracture surgery.Methods:This double-blind clinical trial included opium-addicted patients undergoing tibia fracture surgery.Patients were recruited and randomized to four different groups including the ketamine group,the lidocaine group,the acetaminophen group,and the dexmedetomidine group.The hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure,and arterial SaO2,alongside visual analog scale pain scores,sedation assessed by Ramsay score,nausea and vomiting,and opioid use were recorded and compared among the four groups.Results:This study included 140 patients,aged 37(32,41)years,with 92 males and 48 females,and each group had 35 patients.Dexmedetomidine-sedated subjects had the lowest blood pressure from 1 to 24 h after surgery,decreased HR at 12 and 24 h after surgery,and more satisfactory sedation(P<0.05).Notwithstanding no significant difference was noted in the pain scores,or nausea and vomiting among the groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine has a better sedation effect compared to ketamine,lidocaine,and acetaminophen for pain control,but the final choice hinges on the patients’physical condition and the anesthesiologist's preference.Clinical registration:It is registered in Iranian Registry Clinical Trial by code IRCT20141209020258N146.

Effects of oxycodone and fentanyl patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on pain, immune response and stress response after laparoscopic surgery

Objective:To study the effects of oxycodone and fentanyl patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on pain, immune response and stress response after laparoscopic surgery.Methods:Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery in Xianning Central Hospital between June 2015 and February 2017 were selected and randomly divided into oxycodone group and fentanyl group who received postoperative oxycodone and fentanyl patient-controlled intravenous analgesia respectively. 3 d after surgery and 5 d after surgery, the serum contents of pain-related transmitters, immune indexes, stress-related molecules as well as peripheral blood contents of immune cells were measured.Results: 3 d after surgery and 5 d after surgery, CRP, TNF-α, IL-8, sICAM-1, YKL-40, Cor, C-P, FT3, FT4 and HO-1 contents in serum of oxycodone group were significantly lower than those of fentanyl group whereas CD3+CD4+T cell and CD3+CD8+T cell contents in peripheral blood as well as C3 and C4 contents in serum were significantly higher than those of fentanyl group.Conclusion:oxycodone patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after laparoscopic surgery is better than fentanyl and can reduce the pain degree, inhibit the stress response and improve the immune response.

Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Oxycodone Versus Fentanyl for Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Postoperative Pain Management:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Backgroud:Intravenous opioid patient-controlled analgesia(IV-PCA)has been suggested as an effective method in postoperative pain management.There are several randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of comparison of oxycodone and fentanyl for IV-PCA in surgical patients.The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of oxycodone and fentanyl for IV-PCA in surgical patients from current data.Methods:The RCTs of oxycodone versus fentanyl for IV-PCA were gathered from PubMed,Embase,Cochrane library,CNKI and VIP data.After data extraction and quality assessment of the included RCTs,the RevMan 5.3 software was applied for meta-analysis of numerical rating scale(NRS)scores,accumulated IV-PCA consumption of oxycodone and fentanyl,patient satisfaction,postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV),and other adverse events(AEs).Results:Results reported from eight RCTs involving 600 patients are included in the meta-analysis.The NRS score at rest and upon movement of group oxycodone was significantly lower than that of group fentanyl(WMD=-3.85,95%CI-4.93^-2.76,P<0.00001;WMD=-4.31,95%CI-5.79^-2.84,P<0.00001);however,the incidence of PONV and dizziness was obviously increased in group oxycodone than in group fentanyl(OR=2.41,95%CI 1.60~3.63,P<0.0001;OR=3.69,95%CI 2.17~6.26,P<0.00001).Accumulated IV-PCA consumption in group oxycodone was less than in group fentanyl overall the 48 hours postoperatively(WMD=-12.11,95%CI-18.42^-5.80,P=0.0002).There was no significant difference in patient satisfaction between oxycodone and fentanyl(OR=0.73,95%CI 0.11~5.04,P=0.75).Conclusion:According to the evidence,this meta-analysis suggest that oxycodone for IV-PCA is superior to fentanyl in postoperative pain relief,whereas the higher incidence of PONV and dizziness was accompanied with oxycodone.Further large-scale,prospective,observational studies are needed to summarize and analyse the data to draw a fair conclusion.

Effect of buprenorphine transdermal patch combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on the serum pain-related biochemical indexes in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture

Objective:To study the effect of buprenorphine transdermal patch combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia on the serum pain-related biochemical indexes in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.Methods: A total of 92 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture who received surgical treatment in the hospital between August 2014 and January 2017 were collected and divided into control group (n=46) and observation group (n=46) according to the random number table method. The control group received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, and the observation group received buprenorphine transdermal patch combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia. Differences in serum levels of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress indexes and pain mediators of two groups of patients were measured before and 24h after surgery.Results: Differences in serum levels of inflammatory factors, oxidative stress indexes and pain mediators were not statistically significant between the two groups before surgery;24 h after surgery, serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MDA, SP, PGE2, 5-HT, HA and NPY levels of both groups of patients increased significantly while SOD, TAC and CAT levels decreased significantly, and serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, MDA, SP, PGE2, 5-HT, HA and NPY levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while SOD, TAC and CAT levels were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Buprenorphine transdermal patch combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia can effectively inhibit the expression of pain-related indexes and relieve early postoperative pain intensity in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.

正念减压联合多模式镇痛在膝/髋关节置换病人中的应用

目的:探讨正念减压联合多模式镇痛对膝/髋关节置换病人的应用效果。方法:选取2021年7月—2023年6月在我院骨关节外科行膝/髋关节置换的80例病人为研究对象,随机分为对照组和试验组各40例。对照组给予多模式镇痛,试验组给予正念减压联合多模式镇痛的镇痛方式。比较两组干预后的正念水平、焦虑情况、生活质量、关节炎症状、疼痛程度及生活质量。结果:干预后,试验组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)、数字疼痛评分表(NRS)评分低于对照组,QoR-40术后康复质量评分量表、五因素正念量表(FFMQ)、健康调查简表(SF-36)评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:正念减压联合多模式镇痛可以缓解膝/髋关节置换病人疼痛、焦虑及骨关节炎症状,提高病人正念水平及生活质量。

基于eCASH理念的镇静镇痛护理模式在重症脑外伤患者术后应用的价值研究

目的探讨基于舒适化浅镇静策略(Early Comfort Using Analgesia,Minimal Sedatives and Maximal Hu⁃mane Care,eCASH)理念的镇静镇痛护理模式在重症脑外伤患者术后应用的价值。方法随机选取2021年1月—2023年1月福建医科大学附属协和医院收治的重症脑外伤患者90例为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和镇静镇痛护理模式组,每组45例。对照组患者接受临床重症脑外伤手术患者常规护理,镇静镇痛护理模式组患者在常规护理基础上加入基于eCASH理念的镇静镇痛护理模式。对比两组患者的镇静镇痛效果、生活质量。结果干预1周后,镇静镇痛护理模式组患者疼痛行为量表的面部表情、上肢活动、呼吸机顺应性评分值均低于对照组患者(P均<0.05)。出院当日,镇静镇痛护理模式组生活质量综合评定量表中躯体功能(16.11±2.54)分、生理状态(17.74±2.04)分、心理功能(15.11±2.12)分、社会功能(16.71±2.88)分均高于对照组(t=4.580、6.548、7.450、5.838,P均<0.05)。结论基于eCASH理念的镇静镇痛护理模式应用于重症脑外伤手术患者中,可有效提高镇痛镇静效果、促进术后康复、提升生活质量。

术中多模式镇痛对终末期头颈部癌症患者开腹胃造瘘术后早期恢复质量的影响:前瞻性随机对照研究

目的评估术中多模式镇痛在终末期头颈部癌症患者开腹胃造瘘术后早期恢复中的作用。方法本研究为前瞻性、平行、随机对照研究,研究对象为2022年11月—2023年5月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院择期行开腹胃造瘘术的终末期头颈部癌症患者。按1∶1比例随机将其分为局麻组和多模式镇痛组。局麻组术中予以0.25%罗哌卡因20~30 mL局部浸润麻醉;多模式镇痛组麻醉方式为神经阻滞+静脉镇痛:在超声引导下行左侧腹横肌平面阻滞(0.25%罗哌卡因0.3 mL/kg)+双侧腹直肌鞘阻滞(每侧注射0.25%罗哌卡因0.3 mL/kg)+静脉注射羟考酮0.1 mg/kg、氟比洛芬酯1 mg/kg和地塞米松0.2 mg/kg。主要结局指标为术后24 h 15项恢复质量量表(quality of requirements⁃15,QoR⁃15)评分,次要结局指标为术后48 h QoR⁃15评分,术后不同时间点静息时与运动时疼痛数字评定量表(numerical rating scale,NRS)评分和Bruggemann舒适量表(Bruggrmann comfort scale,BCS)评分,术后首次补救镇痛时间,首次下床活动时间,首次排气时间及术后48 h内不良反应发生率。结果最终入选符合纳入与排除标准的行开腹胃造瘘术终末期头颈部癌症患者46例,其中多模式镇痛组、局麻组均为23例。两组术前QoR⁃15评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),多模式镇痛组术后24 h[(81.77±8.91)分比(71.46±7.61)分,P<0.05]、48 h[(86.26±7.92)分比(80.13±6.98)分,P<0.05]QoR⁃15评分均高于局麻组,且术后24 h QoR⁃15评分差异具有临床意义。与局麻组比较,术后6 h、24 h时,多模式镇痛组静息时与运动时NRS评分降低,舒适度BCS评分升高(P均<0.05)。相较于局麻组,多模式镇痛组术后首次补救镇痛时间延后,术后48 h内补救镇痛发生率降低,术后首次下床活动时间与术后首次排气时间均提前(P均<0.05)。多模式镇痛组、局麻组不良反应发生率分别为8.70%、13.04%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论术中多模式镇痛可减轻开腹胃造瘘术患者术后早期疼痛,提高舒适度,缩短术后下床活动时间和排气时间,继而提升术后早期恢复质量。

超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞对胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后恢复质量的影响

【目的】探究超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞对胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后恢复质量和镇痛效果的影响。【方法】本研究共纳入64例胸骨切开心脏手术患者,随机分为接受浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞使用罗哌卡因(罗哌卡因组)或生理盐水(生理盐水组)两组。主要研究指标为患者术后24 h恢复质量评分(QoR-15评分),其次为术后24 h疼痛评分和阿片药物使用情况。【结果】与生理盐水组比较,罗哌卡因组术后24 h QoR-15评分显著提高[(89.60±13.24)vs(81.18±12.78),P=0.012],静息数字疼痛评分显著降低[(3.03±0.72)vs(4.26±0.93),P<0.001],咳嗽数字疼痛评分显著降低[(4.40±0.89)vs(5.44±1.05),P<0.001]。同时,罗哌卡因组患者术后24 h阿片药物使用总量明显减少[14.15(4.95~30.00)mg vs 40.50(19.25~68.18)mg,P=0.002],补救镇痛需求亦明显减少[0.00(0.00~0.00)mg vs 0.00(0.00~100.00)mg,P=0.007]。【结论】超声引导浅层胸骨旁肋间平面阻滞可通过提升术后镇痛效果及减少阿片药物使用量,提高胸骨切开心脏手术患者术后24 h的总体恢复质量,利于术后早期康复。

智能化镇痛管理对剖宫产术后自控镇痛质量的影响

目的探讨智能化无线镇痛泵系统在剖宫产术后镇痛中的应用效果。方法选择2020年1月至2022年10月在腰硬联合阻滞麻醉下行剖宫产术的600例产妇为研究对象,按入室先后顺序将其随机分为无线镇痛泵(R)组和电子镇痛泵(A)组,每组300例。产妇术后均实施硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA),术毕R组接REHN-Ⅱ型无线镇痛泵,A组接ZZB-Ⅰ型电子镇痛泵。比较两组产妇镇痛后各时间点的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和Ramsay镇静评分(RSS)评分,镇痛期间医护人员被召回病房次数、报警处理时间、镇痛键按压次数、睡眠时间、肛门排气时间、并发症发生情况以及满意度。结果镇痛后6、12、24 h,R组的VAS评分显著低于A组(P<0.05);镇痛后6、12、24、36、48 h,两组的RSS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。R组的医护人员被召回病房次数显著少于A组,报警处理时间、肛门排气时间显著短于A组,睡眠时间显著长于A组(P<0.05)。两组的并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。R组的满意度显著高于A组(P<0.05)。结论智能化镇痛管理用于剖宫产术后自控镇痛的临床效果肯定,可以提高产妇满意度,且具有一定的优势。

盐酸氢吗啡酮镇痛泵在难治性癌痛中的应用

目的探究盐酸氢吗啡酮镇痛泵应用于难治性癌痛患者的镇痛效果。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月在浙江省肿瘤医院就诊的90例晚期难治性癌痛患者作为研究对象,使用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各45例。两组患者均给予常规癌痛护理,对照组患者给予吗啡镇痛泵治疗,观察组患者给予盐酸氢吗啡酮镇痛泵治疗。比较两组患者的疼痛缓解情况、干预前后暴发痛发作次数、睡眠质量及抑郁情况、生活质量及自我效能感评分、药物不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者镇痛总有效率、服药依从性及护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后24h、72h、7d时,两组患者暴发痛发作次数低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后24h、72h、7d时,两组患者的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评分低于干预前,干预后7d时,观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的生活质量量表中的心理、躯体、生活、社会领域评分高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组总不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸氢吗啡酮镇痛泵应用于难治性癌痛患者具有良好的疼痛缓解效果,可降低患者暴发痛发作次数,改善患者的睡眠质量和抑郁情况,提高其生活质量和自我效能感评分且安全性较好。

利多卡因静脉输注促进术后早期恢复的研究进展

外科手术后患者的恢复质量不仅影响满意度,还影响患者的预后。在以促进患者早期恢复为目标的前提下,酰胺类局麻药利多卡因在围术期静脉应用的潜在优势备受关注。静脉输注利多卡因具有镇痛、抗炎、抗肿瘤、器官保护等诸多益处,能有效改善患者预后。本研究以利多卡因在临床中静脉应用现状展开综述,探讨其在促进患者术后恢复方面的优势,简述相关作用机制及其在围术期应用的安全性。

氟比洛芬酯复合利多卡因用于妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉效果研究

目的:探讨氟比洛芬酯复合利多卡因用于妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉效果。方法:选取2020年10月至2022年10月于四川绵阳四〇四医院择期行腹腔镜手术的132例患者,采用单双号法分为对照组和联合组,各66例。麻醉诱导前10 min,对照组患者静脉注射0.9%氯化钠注射液10 mL,联合组患者双通道泵入氟比洛芬酯1.0 mg/kg+利多卡因1.0 mg/kg,术中持续输注利多卡因1.0 mg/(kg·h)至手术结束。比较两组患者术中用药剂量、脑电双频指数,术后(4、6和12 h)镇痛质量,术后12 h血清应激反应指标[肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和皮质醇(Cor)]水平及术后24 h内不良反应发生情况。结果:联合组患者瑞芬太尼、丙泊酚总用量显著低于对照组;联合组患者插管前1 min、插管后1 min及插管后5 min的脑电双频指数显著低于对照组;术后4、6和12 h,联合组患者疼痛程度评分显著低于对照组,舒适度评分显著高于对照组;术后12 h,两组患者E、NE及Cor水平均较术前显著升高,但联合组患者的E、NE及Cor水平显著低于对照组,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h内,联合组、对照组患者的不良反应总发生率分别为4.55%(3/66)、7.58%(5/66),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:氟比洛芬酯复合利多卡因预防性镇痛可有效提高妇科腹腔镜手术患者的麻醉镇痛质量,减轻机体围手术期应激反应,且使用安全。

Comparison of oxycodone and sufentanil in patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for postoperative patients:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background:Managing acute postoperative pain is challenging for anesthesiologists,surgeons,and patients,leading to adverse events despite making significant progress.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)is a recommended solution,where oxycodone has depicted unique advantages in recent years.However,controversy still exists in clinical practice and this study aimed to compare two drugs in PCIA.Methods:We performed a literature search in PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Web of Science,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,and VIP databases up to December 2020 to select specific randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing the efficacy of oxycodone with sufentanil in PCIA.The analgesic effect was the primary outcome and the secondary outcome included PCIA consumption,the Ramsay sedation scale,patients’satisfaction and side effects.Results:Fifteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis.Compared with sufentanil,oxycodone showed lower Numerical Rating Scale scores(mean difference[MD]=-0.71,95%confidence interval[CI]:-1.01 to-0.41;P<0.001;I^(2)=93%),demonstrated better relief from visceral pain(MD=-1.22,95%CI:-1.58 to-0.85;P<0.001;I^(2)=90%),promoted a deeper sedative level as confirmed by the Ramsay Score(MD=0.77,95%CI:0.35-1.19;P<0.001;I^(2)=97%),and resulted in fewer side effects(odds ratio[OR]=0.46,95%CI:0.35-0.60;P<0.001;I^(2)=11%).There was no statistical difference in the degree of patients'satisfaction(OR=1.13,95%CI:0.88-1.44;P=0.33;I^(2)=72%)and drug consumption(MD=-5.55,95%CI:-14.18 to 3.08;P=0.21;I^(2)=93%).Conclusion:Oxycodone improves postoperative analgesia and causes fewer adverse effects,and could be recommended for PCIA,especially after abdominal surgeries.Registration:PROSPERO;https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/;CRD42021229973.

Transcranial direct current stimulation efficacy in trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe,disabling pain and its deafferentation remains a challenge for health providers.Transcranial direct current stimulation is a non-invasive stimulation technique which finds new utility in managing pain.There-fore,the introduction of alternative,non-invasive,safe,and effective methods should be considered in treating patients with trigeminal neuralgia unresponsive to conventional treatment.

前锯肌浅、深层平面阻滞对乳腺癌手术围术期镇痛效果的比较

目的 观察前锯肌浅、深层平面阻滞在乳腺癌手术患者围术期的镇痛效果。方法 选择2020年8月—2022年7月择期全麻下初次行乳腺癌改良根治术60例,随机分为前锯肌浅层平面阻滞组(S组)、前锯肌深层平面阻滞组(D组)和对照组(C组),每组20例。S组与D组分别于麻醉前超声引导下识别前锯肌浅层和深层平面,并注入0.5%罗哌卡因注射液20 mL,注药后30 min利用针刺法测定痛觉减退的范围;C组直接行全身麻醉。记录3组麻醉诱导前、切皮前、切皮后3 min的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率,术中瑞芬太尼用量、出血量和手术时间;记录3组术前、术后24和48 h恢复质量,拔管即刻及术后2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h和48 h安静和咳嗽状态下视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,补救镇痛例数及不良反应、并发症发生情况。结果 S组有3例剔除,共纳入17例。S组和D组均可产生锁骨中线~腋后线、第3~6肋节段痛觉阳性区域,但均未超过前正中线;在相同节段D组阳性例数多于S组。与C组相比,S组和D组在切皮后3 min MAP和心率低,术中瑞芬太尼用量、术后12 h和24 h补救镇痛例数减少,术后24 h 15项恢复质量量表评分升高(P<0.05)。安静时,S组和D组拔管即刻、术后2 h、6 h、12 h和24 h VAS评分均低于C组(P<0.05);咳嗽时,S组拔管即刻、术后2 h和6 h VAS评分均低于C组,D组拔管即刻、术后2 h、6 h、12 h和24 h VAS评分均低于C组(P<0.05);D组术后12 h和24 h VAS评分低于S组(P<0.05)。3组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均未发生严重并发症。结论 前锯肌浅层和深层平面阻滞均能为乳腺癌手术患者提供满意的围术期镇痛,且与浅层平面阻滞相比,深层平面阻滞在超声下操作更易建立,对手术操作影响小,术后镇痛效果确切。

盐酸吗啡片动态滴定方法在肿瘤晚期患儿中的临床研究

目的探讨盐酸吗啡片动态滴定方法在肿瘤晚期患儿中的可行性及其临床效果。方法选取我院2017年10月至2020年7月收治的年龄为8~14岁的38例肿瘤晚期疼痛患儿,将其随机分为传统治疗组(传统组,n=19)和动态滴定治疗组(动态滴定组,n=19)。(1)进行组内治疗前后疼痛数字等级(NRS)评分、生活质量(QOL)评分、卡氏体能状况(KPS)评分比较;(2)进行组间治疗前、治疗后的NRS评分、QOL评分、KPS评分比较;(3)进行组间治疗后副作用比较。结果动态滴定组负滴定人数(率)较传统组多(高),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组间正滴定人数(率)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组内治疗前后NRS评分、QOL评分、KPS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),传统组与动态滴定组间治疗前、治疗后NRS评分、QOL评分、KPS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后动态滴定组胃肠道副作用发生率较传统组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间其余副作用发生情况的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论盐酸吗啡片动态滴定方法可行,和传统治疗一样能减轻肿瘤晚期患儿疼痛程度,提高患儿生活质量,增强患儿活动能力。动态滴定方法可根据患儿疼痛程度增加或减少镇痛药物剂量,且剂量减少不会导致后续镇痛治疗药物量异常增加。动态滴定方法可减少患儿镇痛治疗的胃肠道副作用,为镇痛治疗中镇痛药物减量提供了临床参考依据。

艾司氯胺酮复合罗哌卡因行硬膜外自控镇痛对剖宫产患者的影响

目的 探讨艾司氯胺酮复合罗哌卡因对行自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)剖宫产患者的影响。方法 选取在腰-硬联合麻醉下行剖宫产的足月妊娠产妇76例,随机分为K组(艾司氯胺酮)和C组(对照),每组38例。K组镇痛泵配方:艾司氯胺酮50 mg+罗哌卡因200 mg;C组镇痛泵配方:罗哌卡因200 mg。观察2组患者术后6、12、24、36、48 h静息和活动(屈髋)时的疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分。比较2组40项恢复质量评分量表(QoR-40)评分。比较2组术后不良反应发生情况。结果 K组术后24、36、48 h静息时NRS评分低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);K组术后12、24、36、48 h活动时NRS评分低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。K组术后1、2 d QoR-40评分高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。K组术后寒战、恶心呕吐发生率低于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 产妇剖宫产术后采用艾司氯胺酮复合罗哌卡因行PCEA,可优化镇痛效果,减少不良反应,提高恢复质量。

氟比洛芬酯联合地佐辛对老年全髋关节置换术患者的疗效研究

目的 探讨氟比洛芬酯联合地佐辛对老年全髋关节置换术患者应激反应和炎症因子的影响。方法 根据随机抽签法将2021年3月—2023年3月武夷山市立医院收治的130例老年全髋关节置换术患者分为观察组(n=65)与对照组(n=65)。2组均采用静脉全身麻醉,对照组以地佐辛超前镇痛,观察组采取氟比洛芬酯联合地佐辛超前镇痛。对比2组患者的术后苏醒质量、疼痛程度、应激反应指标、炎症反应指标和不良反应。结果 观察组术后2、6、12、24 h的视觉模拟评分量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)分别为(6.09±0.98)分、(4.12±0.80)分、(2.29±0.57)分、(1.26±0.33)分,低于对照组的(6.85±1.03)分、(4.79±0.85)分、(2.80±0.62)分、(1.71±0.42)分(P <0.05)。观察组术后苏醒质量指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。术后24 h,观察组应激反应肾上腺素(adrenaline,AD)、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、皮质醇(cortisol,Cor)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后24 h,观察组炎症因子白介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 老年全髋关节置换术患者采用氟比洛芬酯联合地佐辛具有良好的镇痛效果,能够提高患者苏醒质量,抑制应激反应水平,改善炎症反应,安全性良好。