Entanglement in the Quantum Phase Transition of the Half-Integer Spin One-Dimensional Heisenberg Model

We use the Bethe’s ansatz method to study the entanglement of spinons in the quantum phase transition of half integer spin one-dimensional magnetic chains known as quantum wires. We calculate the entanglement in the limit of the number of particles . We obtain an abrupt change in the entanglement next the quantum phase transition point of the anisotropy parameter ?from the gapped phase ?to gapless phase .

Fidelity spectrum:A tool to probe the property of a quantum phase

Fidelity measures the similarity between two states and is widely adapted by the condensed matter community as a probe of quantum phase transitions in many-body systems. Despite its success in witnessing quantum critical points, information about the fine structure of a quantum phase one can get from this approach is still limited. Here, we proposed a scheme called fidelity spectrum, By studying the fidelity spectrum, one can obtain information about the characteristics of a phase. In particular, we investigated the spectra in the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising model and the two- dimensional Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice. It was found that the sPectra have qualitative differences in the critical and non-critical regions of the two models. From the distributions of them, the dominating k modes in a particular phase could also be captured.

Ground-state phase diagram of the dimerizedspin-1/2 two-leg ladder

Dimerized spin-1/2 ladders exhibit a variety of phase structures,which depend on the intra-chain and inter-chain spin exchange energies as well as on the dimerization pattern of the ladder.Using the density matrix renormalization group(DMRG)algorithm,we study critical properties of the bond-alternating two-leg Heisenberg spin ladder with diagonal interaction J_(×).Two types of spin systems,staggered dimerized antiferromagnetic ladder and columnar dimerized ferro-antiferromagnetic couplings ladder,are investigated.To clarify the phase transition behaviors,we simultaneously analyze the string order parameter(SOP),the twisted order parameter(TOP),as well as a measurement of the quantum information analysis.Based on measuring this different observables,we establish the phase diagram accurately and give the fitting functions of the phase boundaries.In addition,the phase transition of cross-coupled spin ladder(in the absence of intrinsic dimerization)is also discussed.

Probing Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition of Spin-Half XXZ Chain by Quantum Fisher Information

The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition of spin-1/2 XXZ chain is reinvestigated by the quantum Fisher information.Quantum Fisher informations of the whole N sites and the partial N/3 sites display remarkably similar behaviors near the critical point.The critical exponent of quantum Fisher information is obtained as β=0.47,which is consistent with the results obtained by the concurrence and quantum discord.

Equilibrium dynamics of the sub-Ohmic spin-boson model under bias

Using the bosonic numerical renormalization group method, we studied the equilibrium dynamical correlation function C（ω） of the spin operator σz for the biased sub-Ohmic spin-boson model. The small-ω behavior C（ω） ∝ ω～s is found to be universal and independent of the bias ε and the coupling strength α（except at the quantum critical point α = αc and ε = 0）. Our NRG data also show C（ω） ∝ χ～2ω～s for a wide range of parameters, including the biased strong coupling regime（ε = 0 and α 〉 αc）, supporting the general validity of the Shiba relation. Close to the quantum critical point αc,the dependence of C（ω） on α and ε is understood in terms of the competition between ε and the crossover energy scale ω0^＊of the unbiased case. C（ω） is stable with respect to ε for ε《ε^＊. For ε 》ε^＊, it is suppressed by ε in the low frequency regime. We establish that ε^＊∝（ω0^＊）^1/θ holds for all sub-Ohmic regime 0≤s 〈 1, with θ = 2/（3s） for 0 〈 s≤1/2 and θ = 2/（1 ＋ s） for 1/2 〈 s 〈 1. The variation of C（ω） with α and ε is summarized into a crossover phase diagram on the α–ε plane.

Dynamical correlation functions of the quadratic coupling spin-Boson model

The spin-boson model with quadratic coupling is studied using the bosonic numerical renormalization group method.We focus on the dynamical auto-correlation functions CO（ω）, with the operator taken as σx, σz, and X, respectively. In the weak-coupling regime α 〈 αc, these functions show power law ω-dependence in the small frequency limit, with the powers 1 ＋ 2s, 1 ＋ 2s, and s, respectively. At the critical point α = αc of the boson-unstable quantum phase transition, the critical exponents yO of these correlation functions are obtained as yσx= yσz= 1-2s and yX=-s, respectively. Here s is the bath index and X is the boson displacement operator. Close to the spin flip point, the high frequency peak of Cσx（ω） is broadened significantly and the line shape changes qualitatively, showing enhanced dephasing at the spin flip point.

非线性相互作用引起的双模Dicke模型的新奇量子相变

量子相变是量子光学和凝聚态物理领域的一个重要课题.本文在标准双模Dicke模型的基础上引入原子-光的非线性相互作用,研究其所引起的量子相变.利用自旋相干态变分法从理论上给出有两个参量的基态能量泛函.两模光场采用四种不同的比例关系进行研究,并且在实验参数下,通过可调的原子-光的非线性相互作用参量,给出了宏观多粒子量子态的丰富结构.本文主要呈现了在蓝失谐和红失谐下,双稳的正常相、共存的正常-超辐射相和原子数反转态等丰富的基态特性.原子-光的非线性相互作用在蓝失谐可以引起标准的双模Dicke模型的正常相到超辐射相的二级量子相变.在红失谐时引起新奇的基态特性,新奇的量子相变,即反转的超辐射相到反转的正常相的二级逆量子相变.原子-光的非线性相互作用和两模光场比例不同时,对量子相变的相边界和基态物理量的值有较大影响.

自旋相干态法解Dicke模型的基态解析解

文章采用了自旋相干态的三种表达方式,利用了变分原理,求解了Dicke模型的相变点和基态能量解析表达式,这三种方法所得的结论与Holstein-Primakoff(HP)变换方法所得结论完全一致,而这三种方法有一定的普适性和优越性.

Phase Transitions Governed by the Fifth Power of the Golden Mean and Beyond

In this contribution results from different disciplines of science were compared to show their intimate interweaving with each other having in common the golden ratio φ respectively its fifth power φ5. The research fields cover model calculations of statistical physics associated with phase transitions, the quantum probability of two particles, new physics of everything suggested by the information relativity theory (IRT) including explanations of cosmological relevance, the ε-infinity theory, superconductivity, and the Tammes problem of the largest diameter of N non-overlapping circles on the surface of a sphere with its connection to viral morphology and crystallography. Finally, Fibonacci anyons proposed for topological quantum computation (TQC) were briefly described in comparison to the recently formulated reverse Fibonacci approach using the Janičko number sequence. An architecture applicable for a quantum computer is proposed consisting of 13-step twisted microtubules similar to tubulin microtubules of living matter. Most topics point to the omnipresence of the golden mean as the numerical dominator of our world.

Possible magnetic structures of EuZrO_3

A comprehensive research of the antiferromagnetic （AFM） structures of perovskite-type EuZrO3 is carried out by use of the double-time Green＇s function. Two possible types of AFM configurations are considered, and theoretical results are compared with experimental results to extract the values of parameters J1, J2, and D. The obtained exchanges are employed to calculate the magnetic susceptibility, which is then in turn compared with the experimental one. Therefore, we think that the magnetic structure of EuZrO3 may be an isotropic G-type structure or an anisotropic A-type structure.

自旋轨道耦合BEC系统中类Dicke模型的相变

本文研究了自旋轨道耦合玻色爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)系统的基态性质,并把它映射为量子光学中我们所熟悉的Dicke模型(N个二能级原子与光场的相互作用).采用自旋相干态的方法得出系统的基态能量、光子数和自旋极化随拉曼耦合强度的变化关系,从而探测了系统超辐射相和正常相之间的量子相变.

准一维混合自旋(1/2,5/2)Ising-XXZ模型的量子相干和互信息

准一维混合自旋(1/2,5/2)Ising-XXZ模型可以用来研究一些材料(如异质三金属化合物Fe-Mn-Cu)的磁性质,该研究也有助于这类材料在量子信息等领域的应用.本文利用转移矩阵法计算了该模型的量子相干和互信息,讨论了Ising作用、温度和磁场对其的影响.结果表明,在极低温度下随Ising作用的增强量子相干逐渐减小,而互信息在各向同性系统中存在一个极小值,在各向异性系统(?=4)中存在多个极小值.进一步研究发现,量子相干和互信息在量子临界点存在突变,其一阶导数在该点存在奇异行为.还研究了有限温度下的量子相干和互信息,当磁场较弱时,两者随温度的升高单调减小;当磁场较强时,热涨落与磁场的竞争使得两者随温度的升高先增大后减小.相比于量子互信息,量子相干存在于更大的磁场和温度范围内,有利于在实验中对其进行调控.

Phase transition of the frustrated antiferromagntic J1-J2-J3 spin-1/2 Heisenberg model on a simple cubic lattice

We have comprehensively investigated the frustrated J1-J2-J3 Heisenberg model on a simple cubic lattice. This model allows three regimes of magnetic order, viz., (π;π;π), (0;π;π) and (0;0;π), denoted as AF1, AF2, and AF3, respectively. The effects of the interplay of neighboring couplings on the model are studied in the entire temperature range. The zero temperature magnetic properties of this model are discussed utilizing the linear spin wave (LSW) theory, nonlinear spin wave (NLSW) theory, and Green’s function (GF) method. The zero temperature phase diagrams evaluated by the LSW and NLSW methods are illustrated, and are observed to exhibit different parameter boundaries. In certain regions and along the parameter boundaries, the possible phase transformations driven by the parameters are discussed. The results obtained using the LSW, NLSW, and GF methods are compared with those obtained using the series expansion (SE) method, and are observed to be in good agreement when the value of J2 is not close to the parameter boundaries. The ground state energies obtained using the LSW and NLSW methods are close to that obtained using the SE method. At finite temperatures, only the GF method is employed to evaluate the magnetic properties, and the calculated phase diagram is observed to be identical to the classical phase diagram. The results indicate that at the parameter boundaries, a temperature-driven first-order phase transition between AF1 and AF2 may occur along the boundary line. Along the AF1-AF3 and AF2-AF3 boundary lines, AF3 is less stable than AF1 and AF2. Our calculated critical temperature agrees with that obtained using Monte Carlo simulations and pseudofermion functional renormalization group scheme.

一维XY自旋链中双自旋比特的相干分布及其相变临界行为

本文在具有Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya(DM)相互作用的一维XY自旋链中,以双自旋比特系统为研究对象,基于Jensen-Shannon熵,研究了量子相干分布(局域相干和集体相干)及其相变临界行为。研究发现,通过改变自旋-自旋耦合作用和DM相互作用,可以有效调控局域相干与集体相干之间的相互转化。此外,局域相干和集体相干能够通过局部极值或发散的临界行为准确地表征自旋链的一阶和二阶量子相变。当一阶量子相变的探测受到自旋-自旋耦合作用和DM相互作用的干扰时,集体相干比局域相干具有更加稳定的识别效果。最后,长距离自旋对的总体相干和集体相干在表征二阶量子相变上都具有显著优势。

两模光机械系统中超冷原子的量子相变

Dicke模型(DM)用于描述单模玻色光场与多个全同二能级原子相互作用。本文利用自旋相干态变分法得到两模光机械系统中基态能量的精确解,并通过变分法求得相变点并画出基态相图,并在此基础上研究原子-场耦合强度等系统参数对基态稳定性的影响。通过稳定性讨论,我们发现:原子-光子耦合常数g和光子-声子耦合常量ζ都会对光机械系统的基态特性产生影响。当双模光腔变成单模光腔时,机械振子能诱导超辐射相的塌缩;而且当光子-声子耦合强度大时,超辐射相被完全压制,而直接出现两原子能级之间的转移;存在不稳定的非零光子态,类似于超辐射态。光机械腔中光子-声子耦合诱导的超辐射态的塌缩和复苏是不同于光腔内囚禁的BEC系统,即机械振子不存在时的情况,而双模光腔对量子相变点和相图预期也会有影响。可见,分析机械振子的对多稳性和相关的量子相变的影响是非常有意义的课题。

多光子跃迁下Rabi模型的量子相变

Rabi模型一直是近年来研究的热点,本文研究该模型在多光子跃迁下的量子相变及多稳态。通过自旋相干态变分法等效的赝自旋哈密顿量被对角化并解得了系统的能量泛函表达式,同时根据变分结果求得光子数解的情形和临界值,最后给出基于光子数解和系统稳定性相图。本文主要给出了单光子、两光子和多光子跃迁对Rabi模型量子态、多稳性和量子相变的影响。该结果有助于实验上通过调控腔频来诱导有趣的量子相变。

场的电效应和磁效应诱导的量子相变

Dicke模型中的量子相变近年来引起了人们很多的关注,而且在量子信息中有着非常重要的应用。Dicke模型研究N个二能级原子与单模电磁场相互作用,在电偶极近似下存在由正常相到超辐射相的二阶量子相变。本文运用自旋相干态（SCS）变分法不仅考虑了场的电效应而且考虑磁效应所引起的量子相变,理论上发现了该系统中不仅存在Dicke模型中的二级量子相变而且还出现一级量子相变。在实验上,我们可以通过测量平均光子数或原子布居数来验证此类量子相变的发生。