Luminescent Enhancement of Heterostructure Organic Light-Emitting Devices Based on Aluminum Quinolines

High performance organic light-emitting devices （OLEDs） have been investigated by using fluorescent bis （2-methyl-8-quinolinolato）（para-phenylphenolato）aluminum（BAlq） as an emissive layer on the performance of multicolor devices consisting of N, N＇-bis-（1-naphthyl）-N,N＇diphenyl- 1,1＇-biphenyl-4,4＇- diamine （NPB） as hole transport layer. The results show that the performance of heterostructure blue light-emitting device composed of 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum （Alq3） as an electron transport layer has been dramatically enhanced. In the case of high performance heterostructure devices, the electroluminescent spectra has been perceived to vary strongly with the thickness of the organic layers due to the different recombination region, which indicates that various color devices composed of identical components could be implemented by changing the film thickness of different functional layers.

A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF FLUORINE-CONTAINING QUINOLINES

2-Fluoroalkyl-4-hydroxy-quinolines were easily obtained from the reactions of 2-(F-alkyl)acetates with aromatic amines in the presence of Et_3N,followed by cyclization of the intermediates with PPA.

Copper-catalyzed C(sp)-H aryl amination enables modular synthesis of quinolines and 2-quinolinones

Herein,we disclose a novel copper-catalyzed C(sp)-H aryl amination of terminal alkynes with anthranils,enabling the rapid generation of highly reactive secondary N-aryl ynamines for the modular synthesis of structurally diverse C2-substituted quinolines and 2-quinolinones.The in-situ formed carbonyl-ynamines are prone to tautomerize to carbonyl-ketenimines,which can efficiently react with a series of nucleophiles,including amines,alcohols,phenols,thiols,thiophenols,active-methylene compounds,and even water to produce various quinoline derivatives with the generation of H_(2)O as a sole and green byproduct.This method also unlocks a practical route to create various quinoline-fused heterocycles and can be successfully applied to the late-stage modification of complex molecules and the concise synthesis of bioactive targets.Mechanistic studies reveal a coppercatalyzed inner-sphere nitrene transfer process by using anthranils as novel aryl nitrene precursors.

C—F Bond Insertion into Indoles with CHBr_(2)F:An Efficient Method to Synthesize Fluorinated Quinolines and Quinolones

A mild and practical method for synthesizing fluorinated quinoline derivatives,which have a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals,materials,and organic synthesis,was described through C—F bond insertion into indoles using CHBr_(2)F.The simple conditions,readily availability of CHBr_(2)F,as well as the versatility of the transformations make this strategy very powerful in synthesizing 3-fluoroquinoline and 3-fluoroquinolone.The mechanistic studies reveal that bromofluorocarbene generated in-situ under basic condition was the key intermediate.

Simple manganese carbonyl catalyzed hydrogenation of quinolines and imines

Manganese-catalyzed hydrogenation of unsaturated molecules has made tremendous progresses recently benefiting from non-innocent pincer or bidentate ligands for manganese.Herein,we describe the hydrogenation of quinolines and imines catalyzed by simple manganese carbonyls,Mn2(CO)10 or MnBr(CO)5,thus eliminating the prerequisite pincer-type or bidentate ligands.

Nickel oxide nanoparticles catalyzed synthesis of poly-substituted quinolines via Friedlander hetero-annulation reaction

Reusable acidic nickel oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized,characterized and applied as a catalyst to convert 2-aminoaryl ketones and β-ketoesters/ketones into the corresponding quinolines in good yields with high selectivity.This could serve as a simple and convenient procedure for the Friedlander annulations.

Hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease via Nrf2

The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with NaHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.

Microwave assisted synthesis of novel Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines,acridine-1,8-diones and polyhydroquinolines bearing the tetrazolo[1,5-α]quinoline moiety and their antimicrobial activity assess

Microwave assisted efficient Hantzsch reaction via four-component coupling reactions of tetrazolo[1,5-α]quinoline-4-carbal-dehyde, dimedone/cyclohexane-1,3-dione,ethyl/methyl acetoacetate and ammonium acetate was described as the preparation of tetrazolo[1,5-α]quinoline based 1,4-dihydropyridines,acridine-1,8-diones and polyhydroquinolines.The process presented here is simple,rapid,environmentally welcoming and high yielding.All the derivatives were subjected to an in vitro antimicrobial screening against a representative panel of bacteria and fungi and results worth further investigations.

Synthesis of furo[3,2-c]- and pyrano[3,2-c]quinolines by lanthanide triflate catalyzed imino-Diels-Alder reaction

Imino Diels-Alder reaction of imines with 2,3-dihydrofuran or 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran proceeded smoothly in the presence of a catalytic amount (0.5 mol %) of ytterbium triflate to afford furo[3,2-c]- and pyrano[3,2-c] quinolines conveniently in high yield.

Electrochemical synthesis of selenocyanated imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines under metal catalyst-and chemical oxidant-free conditions

Reported herein is the first example of electrochemical selenocyanation of imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines with KSeCN under metal catalyst-and chemical oxidant-free conditions.This sustainable strategy shows a broad scope and great compatibility with functional groups,and affords synthetically and biologically important selenocyanated imidazo[1,5-a]quinolines in good to excellent yields with cheap graphite and Ni plates as the electrodes.The gram-scale synthesis was also successfully conducted,which might demonstrate the potential value of this electrochemical protocol.

^(13)C NMR STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION OFALKYL QUINOLINES AND ASSIGNMENTOF THE SPECTRAL LINES

Four monoalkyl and two dialkyl quinolines have been synthesized.They are all new compounds. The structures of the compounds have been determined by 13C NMR method and the spectral lines have been assigned by combination of calculations based on empirical additive formulae, measurements of three bond coupling constants as well as interrelation of 1H and 13C NMR spectra.

A two-step approach to 2-polyfluoroalkyl quinolines from N-aryl polyfluoroalkyl imidoyl iodides

2-Polyfluoroalkyl quinoline derivatives were synthesized from the enaminones which were obtained from the reaction of FT-aryl polyfluoroalkyl imidoyl iodides with methyl ketones.

NHC-catalyzed Redox-Neutral Aza-Benzoin Reaction of Aldehydes with Tetrahydroisoquinolines

Summary of main observation and conclusion Tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives are useful synthetic intermediates,which play an important role in the preparation of natural products,pharmaceuticals and other materials.Herein,we report an unprecedented redox-neutral aza-benzoin protocol to construct such scaffold.Upon exposure of tetrahydroisoquinolines to aromatic aldehydes in the prese nee of an NHC catalyst,the C-l acylated tetra hydroisoquinolines were obtained in moderate to good yields.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydroquinolines via One-Pot Cascade Biomimetic Reduction

of main observation and conclusion A novel and efficient protocol for the synthesis of chiral tetrahydroquinoline derivatives with excellent enantioselectivities and high yields has been developed through one-pot cascade biomimetic reduction.The detailed reaction pathway includes the acid-catalyzed and ruthenium-catalyzed formation of aromatic quinoline intermediates and biomimetic asymmetric reduction.

Assessing quinoline removal performances of an aerobic continuous moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR) bioaugmented with Pseudomonas citronellolis LV1

This study evaluated the bioaugmentation potential of a quinoline-degrading strain Pseudomonas citronellolis LV1 inoculation into activated sludge for treating quinoline wastewater, and results indicated the inoculation of LV1 in aerobic continuous MBBR could substantially improve the quinoline removal performance with an improved removal efficiency of 34% averagely when quinoline was used as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. Additionally, efficient removal of quinoline in enhanced MBBR occurred at the influent p H of 7.0–8.0, hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 24–28 h and influent quinoline concentration of 100–700 mg·L^(-1). High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that bioaugmentation could increase microbial diversity and shape the microbial community structure. Although the inoculant LV1 did not remain its dominance in stage Ⅲ, bioaugmentation indeed induced the formation of effective microbial community, and the indigenous microbes including Flavobacterium, Pseudoxanthomonas,Pseudomonas, Vermamoeba, Dyadobacter and Sphingomonas might play the key role in quinoline removal.According to the PICRUSt, the enhanced genes encoding aromatic ring-cleavage enzyme, especially for Nheterocyclic ring-cleavage enzymes, could lead to the improved removal performance of quinoline in bioaugmentation stage. Moreover, the enhanced MBBR treated well actual coking wastewater, as indicated by high removal performance of quinoline, phenol and COD.

稻壳灰负载FeCl2·2H2O:一个温和高效的多相催化剂用于Friedlnder杂成环反应合成多取代喹啉(英文)

Rice husk ash was used as a new, green, and cheap adsorbent for FeCl3. Characterization of the obtained reagent showed that rice husk ash supported FeCl2·2H2O was formed. This reagent is efficient at catalyzing the synthesis of multisubstituted quinolines by the Friedl鋘der heteroannulation of o‐aminoaryl ketones with ketones or β‐diketones under mild reaction conditions. This methodology allows for the synthesis of a broad range of substituted quinolines in high yields and with excellent regioselectivity in the absence of a solvent.

Microbial Degradation of Quinoline: Kinetics Study With Burkholderia picekttii

Objective To investigate the kinetics of quinoline biodegradation by Burkholderia pickttii, a Gram negative rod-shaped aerobe, isolated in our laboratory. Methods HPLC (Hewlett-Packard model 5050 with an UV detector) was used for the analysis of quinoline concentration. GC/MS method was used to identify the intermediate metabolites of quinoline degradation. Results The biodegradation of quinoline was inhibited by quinoline at a high concentration, and the degradation process could be described by the Haldane model. The kinetic parameters based on Haldane substrate inhibition were evaluated. The values were v = 0.44 h-1,Ks=166.7 mg/L, Ki= 650 mg/L, respectively. The quinoline concentration to avoid substrate inhibition was inferred theoretically and determined to be 329 mg/L. Conclusion The biodegradation of quinoline conforms to the Haldane inhibition model and the main intermediate metabolite of quinoline biodegradation is 2-hydroxy-quinoline.

Eleutheroside B or E enhances learning and memory in experimentally aged rats

Eleutheroside B or E, the main component of Acanthopanax, can relieve fatigue, enhance memory, and improve human cognition. Numerous studies have confirmed that high doses of acetylcholine significantly attenuate clinical symptoms and delay the progression of Alzheimer＇s disease. The present study replicated a rat model of aging induced by injecting quinolinic acid into the hippocampal CA1 region. These rats were intraperitoneally injected with low, medium and high doses of eleutheroside B or E （50, 100, 200 mg/kg）, and rats injected with Huperzine A or PBS were used as controls. At 4 weeks after administration, behavioral tests showed that the escape latencies and errors in searching for the platform in a Morris water maze were dose-dependently reduced in rats treated with medium and high-dose eleutheroside B or E. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the number of surviving hippocampal neurons was greater and pathological injury was milder in three eleutheroside B or E groups compared with model group. Hippocampal homogenates showed enhanced cholinesterase activity, and dose-dependent increases in acetylcholine content and decreases in choline content following eleutheroside B or E treatment, similar to those seen in the Huperzine A group. These findings indicate that eleutheroside B or E improves learning and memory in aged rats. These effects of eleutheroside B or E may be mediated by activation of cholinesterase or enhanced reuse of choline to accelerate the synthesis of acetylcholine in hippocampal neurons.

Anti-hepatitis C virus potency of a new autophagy inhibitor using human liver slices model

AIM: To evaluate the antiviral potency of a new antihepatitis C virus(HCV) antiviral agent targeting the cellular autophagy machinery. METHODS: Non-infected liver slices, obtained from human liver resection and cut in 350 μm-thick slices(2.7 × 106 cells per slice) were infected with cell culture-grown HCV Con1b/C3 supernatant(multiplicity of infection = 0.1) cultivated for up to ten days. HCV infected slices were treated at day 4 post-infection with GNS-396 for 6 d at different concentrations. HCV replication was evaluated by strand-specific real-time quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction. The infectivity titers of supernatants were evaluated by foci formation upon inoculation into naive Huh-7.5.1 cells. The cytotoxic effect of the drugs was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase leakage assays. RESULTS: The antiviral efficacy of a new antiviral drug, GNS-396, an autophagy inhibitor, on HCV infection of adult human liver slices was evidenced in a dosedependent manner. At day 6 post-treatment, GNS-396 EC50 was 158 nmol/L without cytotoxic effect(compared to hydroxychloroquine EC50 = 1.17 μmol/L).CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that our ex vivo model is efficient for evaluation the potency of autophagy inhibitors, in particular a new quinoline derivative GNS-396 as antiviral could inhibit HCV infection in a dosedependent manner without cytotoxic effect.