The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making ide...The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To detect Mycoplasma hyorhinis in ovarian cancer tissues and the relationship between mycoplasma infection and ovarian cancer. METHODS All specimens obtained from 109 cases with ovarian cancer were fixed in ...OBJECTIVE To detect Mycoplasma hyorhinis in ovarian cancer tissues and the relationship between mycoplasma infection and ovarian cancer. METHODS All specimens obtained from 109 cases with ovarian cancer were fixed in freshly prepared 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 4-μm sections for insitu hybridization （ISH） and then detected with immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The expressions of 16S rRNA and P37 protein from mycoplasma hyorhinis were detected respectively using ISH and IHC. SPSS 13.0 software was employed to analyze the relationship between the results of the study and clinical pathological materials. RESULTS The expression rate of mycoplasma hyorhinis 16S rRNA gene and P37 protein was 20.2% （22/109） and 43.1% （47/109 cases） in ovarian cancer tissues, respectively, but it was 0 （0/30 cases） in the normal ovarian tissues. The difference in mycoplasma infection ratio between ovarian cancer tissues and normal tissues was extremely significant （P 〈 0.001）. Anyhow, we didn＇t found any association between the mycoplasma infection and clinical pathological characters. CONCLUSION There was a mycoplasma infection in ovarian cancer tissues, which may play a role in oncogenesis of ovarian cancer.展开更多
AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolate...AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using Bsa I and MboI enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycin- resistant strains. RESULTS： Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 pg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates. Restriction enzyme analyses with Bsa I and Mbo I were able to detect the mutations. CONCLUSION： Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of Hpylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.展开更多
目的:从肠道菌群角度分析越桔提取物对HepG2肿瘤小鼠肠道菌群产生的影响。方法:建立HepG2肿瘤小鼠模型,将12只造模成功的小鼠分为模型组和剂量组,另选6只正常小鼠作为对照组。剂量组灌胃越桔提取物,其他组灌胃生理盐水,21天后收集对照...目的:从肠道菌群角度分析越桔提取物对HepG2肿瘤小鼠肠道菌群产生的影响。方法:建立HepG2肿瘤小鼠模型,将12只造模成功的小鼠分为模型组和剂量组,另选6只正常小鼠作为对照组。剂量组灌胃越桔提取物,其他组灌胃生理盐水,21天后收集对照组、模型组和剂量组小鼠粪便,经过16 s rRNA检测,分析各组alpha多样性和不同分类水平上各组的微生物结构。研究HepG2肿瘤小鼠摄入越桔提取物后肠道菌群变化。结果:剂量组Observed species、Chao、Ace和Shannon指数高于模型组和对照组,Simpson指数低于模型组和对照组;Proteobacteria菌群、Enterobacteriaceae菌群和Ruminococcus菌群在剂量组显著低于模型组。结论:表明灌胃越桔提取物可以改变致病小鼠菌群丰富度,增加有效菌群的多样性,并降低致病机体中丰富度高的菌群。越桔提取物为调节HepG2肿瘤小鼠肠道微生物的组成起到积极地作用。展开更多
The Catabacteriaceae is a new bacterial family aerobic, non-sporulating, Gram-positive coccobacillus that is with a unique member： Catabacter hongkongensis is a strictly anphylogenetically related to some clostridial...The Catabacteriaceae is a new bacterial family aerobic, non-sporulating, Gram-positive coccobacillus that is with a unique member： Catabacter hongkongensis is a strictly anphylogenetically related to some clostridial clusters. Little is known of its epidemiology and environmental distribution, but the inclusion of its 16S rRNA gene sequence in GenBank has allowed it to be detected qualitatively. As a first approach for prospective surveys, a real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） procedure to identify C. hongkongensis has been developed. The presence of Catabacteriaceae in 29 water bodies subjected to possible human or animal impact has been investigated. Four of them were positive. The results confirm that highly polluted water can contain C hongkongensis.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41006082)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20090461272)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Creative Research Groups(No.40821004)
文摘The dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum is often associated with harmful algal blooms (HABs). This species consists of many strains that differ in their ability to produce toxins but have similar morphology, making identification difficult. In this study, species-specific rRNA probes were designed for whole-cell fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to distinguish A. minutum from two phylogenetic clades. We acquired the complete SSU to LSU rDNA sequences (GenBank accession numbers JF906989-JF906999) of 11 Alexandrium strains and used these to design rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. Three ribotype-specific probes, M-GC-1, M-PC-2, and M-PC-3, were designed. The former is specific for the GC clade ("Global clade") of A. minutum, the majority of which have been found non-toxic, and the latter two are specific for the PSP (paralytic shellfish poisoning)-producing PC clade ("Pacific clade"). The specificity of these three probes was confirmed by FISH. All cells in observed fields of view were fluorescently labeled when probes and target species were incubated under optimized FISH conditions. However, the accessibility of rRNA molecules in ribosomes varied among the probe binding positions. Thus, there was variation in the distribution of positive signals in labeled cells within nucleolus and cytosol (M-GC-1, M-PC-3), or just nucleolus (M-PC-2). Our results provide a methodological basis for studying the biogeography and population dynamics of A. minutum, and providing an early warning of toxic HABs.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the Nature Science Foundation of China （No.30130190）.
文摘OBJECTIVE To detect Mycoplasma hyorhinis in ovarian cancer tissues and the relationship between mycoplasma infection and ovarian cancer. METHODS All specimens obtained from 109 cases with ovarian cancer were fixed in freshly prepared 10% neutral buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 4-μm sections for insitu hybridization （ISH） and then detected with immunohistochemistry （IHC）. The expressions of 16S rRNA and P37 protein from mycoplasma hyorhinis were detected respectively using ISH and IHC. SPSS 13.0 software was employed to analyze the relationship between the results of the study and clinical pathological materials. RESULTS The expression rate of mycoplasma hyorhinis 16S rRNA gene and P37 protein was 20.2% （22/109） and 43.1% （47/109 cases） in ovarian cancer tissues, respectively, but it was 0 （0/30 cases） in the normal ovarian tissues. The difference in mycoplasma infection ratio between ovarian cancer tissues and normal tissues was extremely significant （P 〈 0.001）. Anyhow, we didn＇t found any association between the mycoplasma infection and clinical pathological characters. CONCLUSION There was a mycoplasma infection in ovarian cancer tissues, which may play a role in oncogenesis of ovarian cancer.
基金Supported by A grant from the Ministry of Science,Technology and Innovation,Malaysia
文摘AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using Bsa I and MboI enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycin- resistant strains. RESULTS： Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 pg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates. Restriction enzyme analyses with Bsa I and Mbo I were able to detect the mutations. CONCLUSION： Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of Hpylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.
文摘目的:从肠道菌群角度分析越桔提取物对HepG2肿瘤小鼠肠道菌群产生的影响。方法:建立HepG2肿瘤小鼠模型,将12只造模成功的小鼠分为模型组和剂量组,另选6只正常小鼠作为对照组。剂量组灌胃越桔提取物,其他组灌胃生理盐水,21天后收集对照组、模型组和剂量组小鼠粪便,经过16 s rRNA检测,分析各组alpha多样性和不同分类水平上各组的微生物结构。研究HepG2肿瘤小鼠摄入越桔提取物后肠道菌群变化。结果:剂量组Observed species、Chao、Ace和Shannon指数高于模型组和对照组,Simpson指数低于模型组和对照组;Proteobacteria菌群、Enterobacteriaceae菌群和Ruminococcus菌群在剂量组显著低于模型组。结论:表明灌胃越桔提取物可以改变致病小鼠菌群丰富度,增加有效菌群的多样性,并降低致病机体中丰富度高的菌群。越桔提取物为调节HepG2肿瘤小鼠肠道微生物的组成起到积极地作用。
基金Project supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of Spain (No. CTM2005-106457-C05-05/TECNO),FPI grant from the Minis-try of Education and Science and FI grant from the Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Innovació, Universitats i Empresa de la Generalitat de Catalunya i del Fons Social Europeu
文摘The Catabacteriaceae is a new bacterial family aerobic, non-sporulating, Gram-positive coccobacillus that is with a unique member： Catabacter hongkongensis is a strictly anphylogenetically related to some clostridial clusters. Little is known of its epidemiology and environmental distribution, but the inclusion of its 16S rRNA gene sequence in GenBank has allowed it to be detected qualitatively. As a first approach for prospective surveys, a real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR） procedure to identify C. hongkongensis has been developed. The presence of Catabacteriaceae in 29 water bodies subjected to possible human or animal impact has been investigated. Four of them were positive. The results confirm that highly polluted water can contain C hongkongensis.
