Norplant皮下埋植避孕药对妇女rRNA活性基因影响的自身对比观察

本文应用银染技术对接受Norplant皮下埋植避孕剂妇女的外周血淋巴细胞染色体核仁组织者区的rRNA分别进行用药前、后的自身对照研究。以端着丝粒染色体核仁组织者区银染粒（Ag－NOR）和核仁组织区银染联合数（Ag－AA）的观察，间接了解核糖体活性基因变化情况。观察用药前与用药后30天、180天、365天、730天、1090天的5组自身对比。结果表明：接受Norplant皮下埋植剂避孕妇女用药前、后的rRNA活性基因无显著性变化。

不良孕产夫妇核仁组织区rRNA基因活性的研究

目的 :研究不良孕产夫妇核仁组织区rRNA基因活性的特点。方法 :应用外周血淋巴细胞染色体常规制备方法和Ag -NOR银染技术 ,分析 5 2对不良孕产夫妇及 5 6对正常夫妇染色体标本 ,计数银染NOR数目。结果 :不良孕产夫妇和对照组每个细胞银染NOR均数分别为 7 2 15 0± 0 5 438、6 85 96± 0 5 96 5。统计学分析表明 ,两者有明显差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :不良孕产夫妇NORrRNA基因活性明显增高。NORrRNA基因活性增高可能通过其蛋白产物增高随体联合频率和覆盖着丝粒———动粒复合体而影响染色体的正常分离 。

氟中毒患者核仁组织区研究

目的研究氟中毒患者rRNA基因的活性。方法以高氟区24例氟中毒患者作为研究对象,以低氟区27例正常人作为对照,采用Ag-NOR技术,对NOR和近端着丝粒染色体联合进行了对比分析。结果实验组的Ag-NOR频率高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05);实验组的Ag-AA频率略低于对照组,差异没有显著性(P>0.05)。结论氟中毒患者的rRNA基因的活性明显增高。

大肠良恶性上皮核仁组成区嗜银蛋白计算机图象分析和判别诊断研究

为探讨大肠癌诊断的客观指标，本文采用电子计算机图象分析技术对大肠腺癌、腺瘤及正常肠粘膜细胞核仁组成区嗜银蛋白进行形态测量，建立了病变判别函数式。研究表明，Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ颗粒的形态参数在各病变组之间重叠较大，采用ＳＰＬＭ统计软件进行多因素判别分析建立的函数判别式虽能对大肠癌和腺瘤进行自动判别，但效果欠理想。究其原因主要是重度不典型增生的腺瘤在形态参数上与腺癌极为接近，此外，随机选择的腺瘤和腺癌病变不适于作为典型病变。进一步研究有待选择更为特征性的指标及选择具有典型形态参数改变的病例作标准，可望提高计算机自动图象诊断的准确率。

使用抗精神病药物患者的淋巴细胞银染核仁组织者区的研究

本文应用银染核仁组织者区（Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ）技术，对４０例较长期使用抗精神病药物的精神分裂症患者和２０例正常人的外周血淋巴细胞的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ数目进行比较研究。发现１～５年病程（Ⅰ组）Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ数目为６．１８±０．１５／细胞１６～１０年病程组（Ⅱ组）为６．１１０．１３／细胞；正常对照组为６．２１±０．１７／细胞。经统计学分析表明，Ⅰ０、Ⅱ组与正常对照组的Ａｇ－ＮＯＲ平均出现率无显著性差异，说明长期使用抗精神病药物对ｒＲＮＡ基因的活性无抑制作用。

Inhibition of norsolorinic acid accumulation to Aspergillus parasiticus by marine actinomycetes

Thirty-six strains of marine actinomycetes were isolated from a sample of marine sediment collected from the Yellow Sea and evaluated in terms of their inhibitory activity on the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus and the production of norsolorinic acid using dual culture plate assay and agar diffusion methods.Among them,three strains showed strong antifungal activity and were subsequently identified as Streptomyces sp.by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing analysis.The supernatant from the fermentation of the MA01 strain was extracted sequentially with chloroform and ethyl acetate,and the activities of the extracts were determined by tip culture assay.The assay results show that both extracts inhibited mycelium growth and toxin production,and the inhibitory activities of the extracts increased as their concentrations increased.The results of this study suggest that marine actinomycetes are biologically important for the control of mycotoxins,and that these bacteria could be used as novel biopesticides against mycotoxins.

Inhibitory activity of an extract from a marine bacterium Halomonas sp.HSB07 against the red-tide microalga Gymnodinium sp.(Pyrrophyta)

In recent years,red tides occurred frequently in coastal areas worldwide.Various methods based on the use of clay,copper sulfate,and bacteria have been successful in controlling red tides to some extent.As a new defensive agent,marine microorganisms are important sources of compounds with potent inhibitory bioactivities against red-tide microalgae,such as Gymnodinium sp.(Pyrrophyta).In this study,we isolated a marine bacterium,HSB07,from seawater collected from Hongsha Bay,Sanya,South China Sea.Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence and biochemical characteristics,the isolated strain HSB07 was identified as a member of the genus Halomonas.A crude ethyl acetate extract of strain HSB07 showed moderate inhibition activity against Gymnodinium sp.in a bioactive prescreening experiment.The extract was further separated into fractions A,B,and C by silica gel column chromatography.Fractions B and C showed strong inhibition activities against Gymnodinium.This is the first report of inhibitory activity of secondary metabolites of a Halomonas bacterium against a red-tide-causing microalga.

Antifouling Activities of Marine Bacteria Associated with Sponge (Sigmadocia sp.)

The present study aimed at assessing the antifouling activity of bacteria associated with marine sponges. A total of eight bacterial strains were isolated from the surface of sponge Sigmadocia sp., of them, SS02, SS05 and SS06 showed inhibitory activity against biofilm-forming bacteria. The extracts of these 3 strains considerably affected the extracellular polymeric substance producing ability and adhesion of biofilm-forming bacterial strains. In addition to disc diffusion assay, microalgal settlement assay was carried out with the extracts mixed with polyurethane wood polish and coated onto stainless steel coupons. The extract of strain SS05 showed strong microalgal settlement inhibitory activity. Strain SS05 was identified as Bacillus cereus based on its 16S rRNA gene. Metabolites of the bacterial strains associated with marine invertebrates promise to be developed into environment-friendly antifouling agents.

Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Halophilic Archaea from Three Algerian Sites

Hypersaline environments are colonized by communities of microorganisms, which developed adaptations from halotolerant to extreme halophilic lifestyles. Twenty-four halophilic archaeal strains were isolated from three Algerian hypersaline sites, including the solar salterns in Ichekaben and two natural salt lakes at Ouargla and Oran. Almost full-length 16S rRNA genes were amplified using archaeal-specific primers, sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Three isolates from the salt lake of Ouargla were affiliated to Halorubrum sp., while six isolates from Ichekaben were Natrinema sp.. The remaining strains belonged to the genus Haloarcula, which was identified in the three Algerian sites. A phylogenetic tree of Haloarcula sp. including the two copies of the 16S rRNA gene, showed that two strains group with Haloarcula hispanica, while the other 13 cluster with OHF-1/OHF-2 isolated from French commercial salt. Both Natrinema sp. and Haloarcula sp. were persistent at Ichekaben. For the six Natrinema sp. isolates, this observation correlates with their capacity to produce antimicrobial compounds, and a DNA fragment closely related to the halocin C8 gene was amplified for five strains.