Methods to Reduce the Hypoglycemic Mortality of Alloxan in Diabetic Rabbit Model

Objective: To explore an intervention method to reduce the mortality of alloxan diabetes model, and to preliminarily analyze the mechanism of alloxan induced animal death. Methods: Healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into injection group, control group, experimental group and blank group. The single injection group was injected with 100 mg/kg alloxan once. The control group was given 5% glucose solution and 100 mg/kg alloxan was injected in two times. The experimental group was given 5% glucose solution orally, 100 mg/kg alloxan, 7 mL 0.9% NaCl intravenously and 5 mL 5% glucose intraperitoneally immediately, and blood glucose was continuously monitored, 10 mL 5% glucose intravenously and 10 mL 5% glucose intraperitoneally every 4 h in the hypoglycemic stage. The blank group does nothing. Liver and kidney tissues at different time periods were stained with HE and organ index was evaluated. Results: 1) A single injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan without any intervention resulted in 100% mortality. Before modeling, oral administration of 5% glucose solution, divided into two injections of 100 mg/kg alloxan, mortality reached 100%;A single injection of 100 mg/kg alloxan and continuous intervention of normal saline and glucose for 20 h can significantly reduce the mortality of alloxan induced diabetic rabbit model. 2) Liver and kidney tissues were damaged in different degrees at different time periods, and liver and kidney indexes were significantly increased after alloxan injection compared with the normal group, with statistical significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion: 1) Every 4 hours of hypoglycemia, 10 ml 5% glucose was injected intravenously 10 ml 5% glucose intraperitoneally. It can reduce the death rate of alloxan diabetic rabbit model and shorten the time of blood glucose measurement. 2) After the injection of alloxan, acute lesions of liver and kidney may occur in different degrees, or one of the causes of acute death of experimental animals.

Evaluation of the Effects of Cypermethrin on Female Reproductive Function by Using Rabbit Model and of the Protective Role of Chinese Propolis

对 cypermethrin 毒性的中国 propolis 的预防效果被执行卵巢和子宫组织病理学说，以及由描绘卵巢的功能，胚胎，和崽评估。Cypermethrin 在卵巢和子宫导致了 atypia，并且减少排卵地点和胚胎的数字。导致 Cypermethrin 的氧化应力在怀孕期间，减少后代的生产率以及数字和重量并且在后代增加了词法畸形性的发生。到对待 cypermethrin 的动物的 propolis 的管理减轻了导致 cypermethrin 的繁殖毒性。

Susceptibility-weighted imaging is suitable for evaluating signal strength in different brain regions of a rabbit model of acute hemorrhagic anemia

Acute hemorrhagic anemia can decrease blood flow and oxygen supply to brain, and affect its physiological function. While detecting changes in brain function in patients with acute hemorrhagic anemia is helpful for preventing neurological complications and evaluating therapeutic effects, clinical changes in the nervous systems of these patients have not received much attention. In part, this is because current techniques can only indirectly detect changes in brain function following onset of anemia, which leads to lags between real changes in brain function and their detection.

Accelerated and enhanced osteointegration of MAO-treated implants:histological and histomorphometric evaluation in a rabbit model

Microarc oxidation（MAO） has become a promising technique for the surface modification of implants. Therefore, the aims of this study were to further quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the osteointegration abilities of MAO-treated and smooth surface（SF） implants in vivo and to investigate the areas in which the superiority of MAO-treated implants are displayed. In a rabbit model,a comprehensive histomorphological, osteogenic, mineralizational, and integrative assessment was performed using light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and radiographic analyses. Compared with the SF groups, the MAO-treated groups exhibited more active contact osteogenesis, as well as distant osteogenesis, under fluorescence examination, the mineral apposition rate was found to be greater for all of the MAO-treated implants, and the osteointegration index（OI） value was greater in the MAO-treated groups at different times. In conclusion, the calcium-rich amorphous layer created by MAO provided a better environment for osteointegration, with more active contact osteogenesis, a more rapid mineral apposition rate and greater OI values.

Rabbit model of radiation-induced lung injury

Objective:To explore the feasibility of establishing an animal model of chronic radiationinduced lung injury.Methods:Twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups(the right lung irradiation group,the whole lung irradiation group and the control group).Animal model of radiation-induced lung injury was established b) highdoes radiotherapy in the irradiation groups,then all rabbits underwent CT and pathological examinations at 1.2.4.8.12.16 weeks,respectively after radiation.Results:Within 4 weeks of irradiation,some rabbits in the right lung irradiation group and whole lung irradiation group died. CT and pathological examinations all showed acute radiation pneumonitis.At 8-12 weeks after irradiation,CT scanning showed ground glass samples signs,patchy shadows and fibrotic stripes. Pathological examination showed the fibrosis pulmonary alveolar wall thickened obviously. Conclusions:The clinical animal model of chronic radiation-induced lung injury which corresponds to practical conditions in clinic can be successfully established.

An Experimental Rabbit Model of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group Ⅰ (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group Ⅱ (retinotomy) and 5 in group Ⅲ (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group Ⅰ. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.

Experimental and finite element analysis of tibial stress fractures using a rabbit model

AIM: To determine if rabbit models can be used to quantify the mechanical behaviour involved in tibial stress fracture(TSF) development.METHODS: Fresh rabbit tibiae were loaded under compression using a specifically-designed test apparatus. Weights were incrementally added up to a load of 30 kg and the mechanical behaviour of the tibia was analysed using tests for buckling, bone strain and hysteresis. Structural mechanics equations were subsequently employed to verify that the results were within the range of values predicted by theory. A finite element(FE) model was developed using cross-sectional computer tomography(CT) images scanned from one of the rabbit bones, and a static load of 6 kg(1.5 times the rabbit's body weight) was applied to represent running. The model was validated using the experimental strain gauge data, then geometric and elemental convergence tests were performed in order to find the minimum number of cross-sectional scans and elements respectively required for convergence. The analysis was then performed using both the model and the experimental results to investigate the mechanical behaviour of the rabbit tibia under compressive load and to examine crack initiation.RESULTS: The experimental tests showed that un der a compressive load of up to 12 kg, the rabbit tibia demonstrates linear behaviour with little hysteresis Up to 30 kg, the bone does not fail by elastic buckling however, there are low levels of tensile stress which predominately occur at and adjacent to the anterio border of the tibial midshaft: this suggests that fatigue failure occurs in these regions, since bone under cycli loading initially fails in tension. The FE model predic tions were consistent with both mechanics theory and the strain gauge results. The model was highly sensi tive to small changes in the position of the applied load due to the high slenderness ratio of the rabbit s tibia. The modelling technique used in the curren study could have applications in the development o human FE models of bone, where, unlike rabbit tibia the model would be relatively insensitive to very sma changes in load position. However, the rabbit mode itself is less beneficial as a tool to understand the me chanical behaviour of TSFs in humans due to the sma size of the rabbit bone and the limitations of human scale CT scanning equipment.CONCLUSION: The current modelling technique could be used to develop human FE models. However, the rabbit model itself has significant limitations in under standing human TSF mechanics.

Effect of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib on bFGF and VEGF concentrations in a rabbit retinal vein occlusion model

AIM:To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo.METHODS:After a laser induced rabbit retinal vein occlusion(RVO)model was made,0.5 mg of nintedanib was injected intravitreally in the left eye on the third day while the right eye was as a control.Intracameral samples were taken on the day before laser treatment and days 1,3,7,14,21,and 28 after treatment.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to test the bFGF and VEGF-A concentrations in the aqueous humor.RESULTS:Both bFGF and VEGF-A rose significantly on the third day after laser treatment in both eyes.In the control eye the bFGF concentration peaked on the 14th day while the VEGF-A concentration dropped rapidly soon after the third day.After nintadanib injection in the study eye,both bFGF and VEGF-A showed a significant reduction on the 4th day(7th day after laser treatment)when compared to the control eye,and kept on low level in the following several weeks.CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of nintedanib can inhibit the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the process of RVO model to a certain extent,which is expected to become a new method for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases or fibrotic diseases.

Mechanism of Chronic Stress-induced Reduced Atherosclerotic Medial Area and Increased Plaque Instability in Rabbit Models of Chronic Stress

Background： Chronic stress contributes to increased risks ofatherosclerotic diseases including heart disease, stroke, and transient ischemic attack. However, its underline mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism via which chronic stress exerts its effect on atherosclerosis （AS）. Methods： Fifty male New Zealand white rabbits were used. Aortic balloon-injury model was applied. Both social stress and physical stress methods were adopted to establish chronic stress models. The lumen stenotic degree, intimal and medial areas, maximum fibrous cap thickness, and plaque contents were measured with histological sections. Proteomic methods were applied to detect protein changes in abdominal aortas to identify the specialized mediators. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used for further verification and investigation. Results： The stress rabbits exhibited lower body weight, worse fur state, more inactivity behavior, and higher serum cortisol level. Chronic stress was significantly associated with the decreased medial area and increased plaque instability, which was manifested by thinner fibrous caps, larger lipid cores, more macrophages, and new vessels but fewer smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers. After chronic stress, the apoptosis-related genes UBE2K, BAX, b）~S, Ca.v^ase 3, Caspase 9, and P53 were upregulated, and B^Z-2/BAX was down-regulated; the angiogenesis-related genes ANG and VEGF-A were also highly expressed in atherosclerotic arteries. Conclusions： Rabbit models of chronic stress were successfully established by applying both social stress and physical stress for 8 weeks. Chronic stress can reduce AS tunica media and accelerate plaque instability by promoting apoptosis and neovascularization.

Validation of a preclinical dry eye model in New Zealand white rabbits during and following topical instillation of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate

Background : The objective of this study was to validate an animal model for dry eye during and after the administration of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate(OAS) in New Zealand white(NZW) rabbits.Methods : OAS(1%) was applied three times per day to 30 eyes of 15 healthy NZW rabbits. Sacrifice, enucleation, and lacrimal gland removal took place on days 15, 21,and 30(OAS group). A second group(n = 5) was used as control. Clinical evaluations took place on days 3, 10, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 30. The primary endpoints were:Schirmer I test, tear break-up time(TBUT), and corneal fluorescein staining. As secondary endpoints, clinical changes including intraocular pressure, and histopathology were evaluated.Results : While OAS was administered, the Schirmer I test showed a statistically significant reduction for OAS group versus control( p < 0.001), and versus basal production( p < 0.001). TBUT showed statistically significant differences between groups(days 3 and 10;p = 0.001) and versus basal values(day 3;p < 0.001). Fluorescein staining showed a statistically significant difference(day 3;p = 0.001). The most frequent clinical finding was conjunctival hyperemia(76.9% OAS vs. 20% control). For histopathology, all OAS subjects presented some degree of inflammation(86.7% minimal;13.3% mild) whereas the control presented only 30% minimal inflammation. Goblet cell density showed no difference.Conclusions : The effectiveness of the OAS dry eye model in NZW rabbits as reported in previous studies was confirmed, provided that the application of the drug is maintained throughout the intervention;it is not a viable model after OAS administration is suspended.

Evaluation of a rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

AIM: To establish a rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model for the study of rectal carcinoma. METHODS: A suspension of VX2 cells was injected into the rectum wall under the guidance of X-ray fluoroscopy. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to observe tumor growth and metastasis at different phases. Pathological changes and spontaneous survival time of the rabbits were recorded. RESULTS: Two weeks after VX2 cell implantation, the tumor diameter ranged 4.1-5.8 mm and the success implantation rate was 81.8%. CT scanning showed low-density foci of the tumor in the rectum wall, while enhanced CT scanning demonstrated asymmetrical intensification in tumor foci. MRI scanning showed a low signal of the tumor on T1-weighted imaging and a high signal of the tumor on T2-weighted imaging. Both types of signals were intensified with enhanced MRI. Metastases to the liver and lung could be observed 6 wk after VX2 cell implantation, and a large area of necrosis appeared in the primary tumor. The spontaneous survival time of rabbits with cachexia and multiple organ failure was about 7 wk after VX2 cell implantation. CONCLUSION: The rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model we established has a high stability, and can be used in the study of rectal carcinoma.

Establishment of VX2 breast carcinoma model in rabbit by injecting tumor mass suspension

Objective: To establish a stable model of VX2 breast carcinoma in rabbit and select the optimal way. Methods: Thirty female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each. Tumor cell suspensions or tumor mass suspensions were injected into breast tissues of rabbits of group A and B, respectively. Tumor blocks were surgically implanted in rabbit breasts of group C. Tumor formation rate, tumor growth rate, and tumor-bearing survival time was compared, and the histological feature of tumor was observed. Results: Models were established conveniently and successfully in rabbits received injection of tumor mass suspensions. Tumor proliferated rapidly with the biological feature of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: VX2 breast carcinoma model in rabbit was established successfully. Intramammary injection of tumor mass suspension is the best method.

Propofol Target-Controlled Infusion Modeling in Rabbits:Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis

This study aimed to establish a new propofol target-controlled infusion（TCI） model in animals so as to study the general anesthetic mechanism at multi-levels in vivo. Twenty Japanese white rabbits were enrolled and propofol（10 mg/kg） was administrated intravenously. Artery blood samples were collected at various time points after injection, and plasma concentrations of propofol were measured. Pharmacokinetic modeling was performed using Win Nonlin software. Propofol TCI within the acquired parameters integrated was conducted to achieve different anesthetic depths in rabbits, monitored by narcotrend. The pharmacodynamics was analyzed using a sigmoidal inhibitory maximal effect model for narcotrend index（NI） versus effect-site concentration. The results showed the pharmacokinetics of propofol in Japanese white rabbits was best described by a two-compartment model. The target plasma concentrations of propofol required at light anesthetic depth was 9.77±0.23 μg/m L, while 12.52±0.69 μg/m L at deep anesthetic depth. NI was 76.17±4.25 at light anesthetic depth, while 27.41±5.77 at deep anesthetic depth. The effect-site elimination rate constant（ke0） was 0.263/min, and the propofol dose required to achieve a 50% decrease in the NI value from baseline was 11.19 μg/m L（95% CI, 10.25–13.67）. Our results established a new propofol TCI animal model and proved the model controlled the anesthetic depth accurately and stably in rabbits. The study provides a powerful method for exploring general anesthetic mechanisms at different anesthetic depths in vivo.

Establishment of a chronic left ventricular aneurysm model in rabbit

ObjectivesTo 在 rabbits.MethodsAcute 为长期的左室的动脉瘤(LVA ) 的正式就职建立一个划算、可再现的过程心肌的梗塞(AMI ) 经由左的伴随物结扎在 35 只兔子被导致前面的下降(男孩) 冠的动脉和降声调符号(Cx ) 在中间的部分分叉。AMI 的开发被圣片断举起和堵塞区域的 akinesis 证实。扔的 Echocardiography，病理学的评估，和琼脂 intra 房间被利用四个星期在外科以后验证 LVA 的形成。左室的结束收缩压力(LVESP ) 和心脏舒张的压力(LVEDP ) 以前被测量，立即在以后并且在结扎以后的四个星期。室的房间， interventricular 中隔( IVS )的厚度和留下室的左室的以后的墙( LVPW )的尺寸结束心脏舒张的体积( LVEDV )，收缩体积( LVESV )，并且喷射部分( EF )被 echocardiogram.ResultsThirty (88.6%)记录兔子熬过心肌的梗塞，他们中的 26 个得了动脉瘤(83.9%)。动脉瘤的吝啬的区域是 33.4%&#x000b1；2.4% 左室。而 LVEDV， LVESV 和象到僧帽形的阀门体环的从顶的室的房间的尺寸一样的 IVS 的厚度显著地增加了， LVEF 显著地在 LVA 形成以后减少了。LVESP 立即在结扎以后落下并且在 LVA 形成以后恢复了到小程度。LVEDP 日益增多地在结扎以后增加了到 LVA 形成为止。在经历了纤维变性的 LV 的区域包括了顶，前面的墙和侧面的墙然而并非 IVS。扔的琼脂 intra 房间证明 LV 墙鼓起在男孩的 aneurysm.ConclusionsLigation 的区域是突出的，在中间的部分的 Cx 能在 33.4%&#x000b1 的吝啬的区域比率导致 LVA 的开发；2.4% 它包含顶，前面的墙和左室的侧面的墙。

A new rabbit model of implant-related biofilm infection： development and evaluation

This study is to establish a rabbit model for human prosthetic joint infection and biofiim formation. Thirty-two healthy adult rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and implanted with stainless steel screws and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） washers in the non-articular surface of the femoral lateral condyle of the right hind knees. The rabbit knee joints were inoculated with 1 mL saline containing 0, 102, 103, 104 CFU of Staphylococcus epidermidis （S. epidermidis） isolated from the patient with total knee arthroplasty （TKA） infection, respectively. On the 14th postoperative day, the UHMWPE washers from the optimal 103 CFU group were further examined. The SEM examination showed a typical biofilm construction that circular S. epidermidis were embedded in a mucous-like matrix. In addition, the LCSM examination showed that the biofilm consisted of the polysaccharide stained bright green fluorescence and S. epidermidis radiating red fluorescence. Thus, we successfully create a rabbit model for prosthetic joint infection and biofilm formation, which should be valuable for biofilm studies.

Comparison of two different laparotomy methods for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma

AIM:To compare two different laparotomy methods for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma.METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups:A and B.Group A was assigned a traditional laparotomy method(embedding tumor fragments directly into the liver with tweezers).Group B was subjected to an improved laparotomy method(injection of tumor fragments into the liver through a 15 G syringe needle).The operation time, incision length, incision infection rate, and mortality rate were compared between the two groups after laparotomy.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was performed to evaluate tumor formation rates and the characteristics of the tumors 2 wk after laparotomy.RESULTS:The mean operation times for the two groups(Group A vs Group B) were 23.2 ± 3.4 min vs 17.5 ± 2.9 min(P < 0.05); the incision length was 3.3 ± 0.5 cm vs 2.4 ± 0.6 cm(P < 0.05); and the mortality rate after 2 wk was 26.7% vs 0%(P < 0.05); all of these outcomes were significantly different between the two groups.The incision infection rates in the two groups were 6.7% vs 0%(P > 0.05), whichwere not significantly different.MRI performed after 2weeks showed that the tumor formation rates in the two groups were 90.9%vs 93.3%(P>0.05).These rates were not significantly different between the two groups.The celiac implantation rate and abdominal wall metastasis rate in the two groups were 36.4%vs 13.3%(P<0.05)and 27.2%vs 6.7%(P<0.05),respectively,which were significantly different between the two groups.CONCLUSION:The tumor formation rates were not significantly different between the two methods for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma.However,the improved method is recommended because it has certain advantages.

Establishment of a Rabbit Model of Chronic Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Application in Cardiovascular Consequences

Background： Although obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） has been recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular complications and its clinical features are well characterized, it is difficult to replicate the OSA hypoxic model in humans. We aimed to establish an experimental rabbit model for chronic OSA and to explore its application to measure blood pressure （BP）, myocardial systolic function, and oxidative stress. Methods： The rabbit model for OSA was established by repeatedly closing the airway and then reopening it. A tube specially designed with a bag that could be alternately inflated and deflated according to a predetermined time schedule, resulting in recurrent airway occlusions and chronic intermittent hypoxia （CIH） imitating OSA patterns in humans, was used. Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into obstruction, sham, and control groups, and their upper airways were alternately closed for 15 s and then reopened for 105 s in a 120-s-long cycle, for 8 h each day over 12 consecutive weeks. Before and after the experiment, the BP of each rabbit was monitored. Levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in the serum, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, malondialdehyde （MDA） and reactive oxygen species （ROS） contents, as well as Na＋-K＋-ATPase/Ca2＋-ATPase activities in cardiac muscle were examined. In addition, cardiac functional parameters were measured using echocardiography. Results： After 3 months, all rabbits in the obstruction group manifested sleepiness performance similar to that observed in OSA patients. Traces of airflow and SpO2 showed that this model mimicked the respiratory events involved in OSA, including increased respiratory effort and decreased oxygen saturation. Gradually, the BP rose each month. CIH led to obvious oxidative stress and injured myocardial systolic performance. The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α increased significantly （64.75 ± 9.05 pg/ml vs. 147.00 ± 19.24 pg/ml and 59.38 ± 8.21 pg/ml vs. 264.75 ± 25.54 pg/ml, respectively, both P 〈 0.001）. Compared with the sham and the control groups, myocardial activities of Na＋-K＋-ATPase/Ca-2＋-ATPase and SOD in the obstruction group decreased markedly, while ROS and MDA content increased. Conclusions： These results show that the rabbit model for OSA simulates the pathophysiological characteristics of OSA in humans, which implies that this animal model is feasible and useful to study the mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular consequences of OSA.

Radiosensitivity of β-elemene on rabbit VX2 renal transplant carcinoma model

Objective To investigate the effects of low dosage of β-elemene on the radiosensitivity of rabbit VX2 renal transplant carcinoma model. Methods We took the rabbit VX2 renal transplant carcinoma as the model. Experimental rabbits were divided into three groups: the control group, the radiation group, and the radiation +β-elemene (radiosensitivity) group. The change of tumor was observed by Spiral CT and B ultrasound to compare its regrowth period. The tumor was measured by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Results The tumor in radiosensitivity group was restrained obviously and the sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) of β-elemene was 1.89. Different apoptosis was observed under transmission electron microscopy. Conclusion Low dosage β-elemene can enhance the radiosensitivity of rabbit VX2 renal transplant carcinoma model and induce the apoptosis of tumor cells, but the mechanism needs further study. It promotes apoptosis in mechanisms in vitro.

Development and characterization of urethral stricture model in rabbits

目的将在兔子建立尿道的苛评的一个试验性的模型。21 只成年雄的新西兰兔子全部的方法 A 被包括进组。在静脉内的麻醉以后， urethroscopy 与小儿科的 resectoscope (F13 ) 被执行。十五个动物随机作为学习组被选择。A 1cm-long 球根的尿道的环绕的电凝法被执行到这些动物直到 mucosa 的溃疡。留下没有电凝法， 6 个动物经历了录像 urethroscopy，用作控制。在第 30 天，后退 urethrogram 和 urethroscopy 被执行评估尿道的苛评形成，组织学的考试(他和染色的天狼星红) 被做估计尿道的病理学的变化。在学习的二只兔子组织的结果死了，没有死亡发生在控制。基于 urethrogram 和 urethroscopy，在控制的兔子都不组织发达尿道的苛评，当重要苛评形成在学习组的每种情况中被观察时。组织学的检查在控制情况中显示出一个正常尿道，当在学习组的苛评地点肌肉和 submucous 组织的广泛的纤维变性与很多成纤维细胞渗入被观察时。在纤维变性织物的高骨胶原表示是由染色的天狼星红的 assayed。内视镜的电凝法能成功地导致的结论 A 1cm-long 在兔子模型的尿道的苛评形成。这个方法为尿道的苛评的基本、临床的学习提供一个理想的动物模型。

A New Model of Experimental Cerebral Infarction in New Zealand White Rabbits

To develop an easy, reproducible experimental model of cerebral infarction(CI)without craniotomy in New Zealand white rabbits,a silicone rubber cylinder embedded in a nylon suture was delivered to the middle cerebral arteries through the internal carotid artery in anesthetized animals.Rabbits were sacrificed 0.5-5 h after embolization.CI size and location were ascertained by the tripheny1-2H-tetrazoliuni chloride(TTC)staining method;cerebral blood flow(CBF)was measured prior to and after embolization.Pco2,temperature and blood pressure were monitored and kept constant.CI occurred in all rabbits after 4 h of ischemia,in 50% after 3 h and only in 33% after 2.5 h.CI did not occur within less than 2.5 h of ischemia.No correlation was found between size and location of CI and occlusion time.CBF was maximally reduced in the right MCA territory but was also reduced in both anterior cerebral arteries and left MCA territories.This model is technically easy and the retrievable embolus allows the study of reperfusion by pulling on the nylon suture.It is suitable for studying chemical and molecular changes of the ischemic cells and/or for studying neuroimage changes after ischemic stroke.