The design of axial or radial swirlers typically governs a number of geometrical parameters that are determined by the desired flow field.In the meantime,the number of unknown parameters increases with the number of c...The design of axial or radial swirlers typically governs a number of geometrical parameters that are determined by the desired flow field.In the meantime,the number of unknown parameters increases with the number of concentrically mounted swirlers.The available literature is nonetheless limited,and designers are obligated to increase the number of initial assumptions.In this article,three kinds of triple swirlers are employed and simulations are performed to determine the effect of each parameter on the swirler performance.Based on the correlation provided,overlengthening the radial vane length could result in significant changes in the flow field from the jetlike pattern to a wide swirl-jet angle due to the Coanda effect.Passage width should also have the potential to alter the swirl-jet angle and velocity field at the exit of the swirler.展开更多
Background: Fracture of distal radius with involvement of the ulnar styloid process is a common clinical problem. It can be treated conservatively, usually involving wrist immobilization in plaster cast or surgically....Background: Fracture of distal radius with involvement of the ulnar styloid process is a common clinical problem. It can be treated conservatively, usually involving wrist immobilization in plaster cast or surgically. A key method of surgical fixation is external fixation by distractor. Distractor can be applied either only on the radial side or on both ulnar and radial sides. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized and comparative study of 1 year duration was conducted on 32 patients admitted in the Department of Orthopaedics of BSMC & H in the age group of 20 to 75 years old with AO types B and C distal radius fracture along with involvement of the ulnar styloid process. The parameters studied were restoration of radial length, restoration of radial angle, intracarpal step-off and palmar tilt which were statistically evaluated and Fisher’s exact test was performed. The two tailed P-value was calculated and both the groups were statistically compared. Results: In our study, 37.5% patients in Group A and 81.25% in Group B had a radial difference Table 1, Chart 1). 43.75% patients in Group A and 87.5% in Group B had radial angle Table 2, Chart 2). 31.25% in Group A and 75% had intra carpal step off Table 3, Chart 3). 62.5% had an abnormal palmar tilt in Group A while only 6.25% had an abnormal palmar tilt in Group B which is extremely statistically significant. On an average, 2 mm of distraction was required in 75% patients of Group A while only 30% patients in Group B required distraction (Table 4, Chart 4). Conclusion: In our study, the radial difference, radial angle, intra carpal step off and palmar tilt returned significantly to normal in the patients treated with distractor on radial side only when compared with distractor application on both radial and ulnar sides for distal radius fracture with ulnar styloid process involvement. Also post-operative distraction required under image intensifier was higher in the group treated with distractor on either side than those with distractor only on radial side.展开更多
为研究液压滑阀内泄漏规律,搭建了滑阀内泄漏模拟实验台,对10,16,20 mm 3种阀芯直径的滑阀正常间隙(5μm)和过大间隙(40μm)下的泄漏规律进行了试验研究。结果表明,无论在正常间隙还是过大间隙下,滑阀内泄漏都是层流,并得到了径向间隙...为研究液压滑阀内泄漏规律,搭建了滑阀内泄漏模拟实验台,对10,16,20 mm 3种阀芯直径的滑阀正常间隙(5μm)和过大间隙(40μm)下的泄漏规律进行了试验研究。结果表明,无论在正常间隙还是过大间隙下,滑阀内泄漏都是层流,并得到了径向间隙、密封长度、压差、阀芯直径等因素对泄漏量的影响规律。此外,发现由层流公式得出的理论泄漏量与实测泄漏量总会存在一定的偏差,分析得出偏差可能是由于油液温度、阀芯偏心、倾斜和流态的变化引起的。研究结果可为滑阀内泄漏量的预测、阀的设计和使用提供有益的指导和借鉴。展开更多
基金supported by Korea Electric Power Corporation through Korea Electrical Engineering and Science Research Institute(Grant 18B-022)
文摘The design of axial or radial swirlers typically governs a number of geometrical parameters that are determined by the desired flow field.In the meantime,the number of unknown parameters increases with the number of concentrically mounted swirlers.The available literature is nonetheless limited,and designers are obligated to increase the number of initial assumptions.In this article,three kinds of triple swirlers are employed and simulations are performed to determine the effect of each parameter on the swirler performance.Based on the correlation provided,overlengthening the radial vane length could result in significant changes in the flow field from the jetlike pattern to a wide swirl-jet angle due to the Coanda effect.Passage width should also have the potential to alter the swirl-jet angle and velocity field at the exit of the swirler.
文摘Background: Fracture of distal radius with involvement of the ulnar styloid process is a common clinical problem. It can be treated conservatively, usually involving wrist immobilization in plaster cast or surgically. A key method of surgical fixation is external fixation by distractor. Distractor can be applied either only on the radial side or on both ulnar and radial sides. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized and comparative study of 1 year duration was conducted on 32 patients admitted in the Department of Orthopaedics of BSMC & H in the age group of 20 to 75 years old with AO types B and C distal radius fracture along with involvement of the ulnar styloid process. The parameters studied were restoration of radial length, restoration of radial angle, intracarpal step-off and palmar tilt which were statistically evaluated and Fisher’s exact test was performed. The two tailed P-value was calculated and both the groups were statistically compared. Results: In our study, 37.5% patients in Group A and 81.25% in Group B had a radial difference Table 1, Chart 1). 43.75% patients in Group A and 87.5% in Group B had radial angle Table 2, Chart 2). 31.25% in Group A and 75% had intra carpal step off Table 3, Chart 3). 62.5% had an abnormal palmar tilt in Group A while only 6.25% had an abnormal palmar tilt in Group B which is extremely statistically significant. On an average, 2 mm of distraction was required in 75% patients of Group A while only 30% patients in Group B required distraction (Table 4, Chart 4). Conclusion: In our study, the radial difference, radial angle, intra carpal step off and palmar tilt returned significantly to normal in the patients treated with distractor on radial side only when compared with distractor application on both radial and ulnar sides for distal radius fracture with ulnar styloid process involvement. Also post-operative distraction required under image intensifier was higher in the group treated with distractor on either side than those with distractor only on radial side.
文摘为研究液压滑阀内泄漏规律,搭建了滑阀内泄漏模拟实验台,对10,16,20 mm 3种阀芯直径的滑阀正常间隙(5μm)和过大间隙(40μm)下的泄漏规律进行了试验研究。结果表明,无论在正常间隙还是过大间隙下,滑阀内泄漏都是层流,并得到了径向间隙、密封长度、压差、阀芯直径等因素对泄漏量的影响规律。此外,发现由层流公式得出的理论泄漏量与实测泄漏量总会存在一定的偏差,分析得出偏差可能是由于油液温度、阀芯偏心、倾斜和流态的变化引起的。研究结果可为滑阀内泄漏量的预测、阀的设计和使用提供有益的指导和借鉴。
