Objective: To investigate the antioxidant efficacy of oral orientin on 900 MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice.Methods: The mice were randomly allotted into 5 groups consisting...Objective: To investigate the antioxidant efficacy of oral orientin on 900 MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice.Methods: The mice were randomly allotted into 5 groups consisting of 7 mice each. The deionised water and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations(RF-EMR) groups were administered with deionised water while orientin was administered to the RF-EMR + low dose of orientin group(10 mg/kg), RF-EMR + high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg) and high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg). All the groups except deionised water and high dose groups were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation for 28 consecutive days(1 h/day). Learning and memory was assessed via the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Activities of lipid prexidation and antioxidant enzymes were measured using kits.Results: Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation caused impairment in learning and memory and reduced activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, increased lipoperoxidation and corticosterone concentration as well as histopathological aberrations in the hippocampal tissues. Conversely, orientin alleviated learning and memory deficit, improved the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and mitigated brain lipoperoxidation and neuronal degeneration in mice exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Conclusions: Orientin alleviates learning and memory impairment due to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in mice by improving antioxidant defence mechanism and may be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for improving the antioxidant system of people living in radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-prone environment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is dec...BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is declining due to refinement of radiation delivery techniques, CRP remains one of the major complications of pelvic radiation therapy and significantly affects patient quality of life.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is an emerging treatment modality for eradicating abnormal vasculature associated with CRP. However, questions remain regarding CRP pathophysiology and optimal disease management.AIM To study feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) for investigating subsurface vascular alterations in CRP and response to RFA treatment.METHODS Two patients with normal rectum and 8 patients referred for, or undergoing endoscopic RFA treatment for CRP were imaged with a prototype ultrahighspeed optical coherence tomography(OCT) system over 15 OCT/colonoscopy visits(2 normal patients, 5 RFA-na?ve patients, 8 RFA-follow-up visits). OCT and OCTA was performed by placing the OCT catheter onto the dentate line and rectum without endoscopic guidance. OCTA enabled depth-resolved microvasculature imaging using motion contrast from flowing blood, withoutrequiring injected dyes. OCTA features of normal and abnormal microvasculature were assessed in the mucosa and submucosa. Blinded reading of OCTA images was performed to assess the association of abnormal rectal microvasculature with CRP and RFA treatment, and rectal telangiectasia density endoscopic scoring.RESULTS OCTA/OCT images are intrinsically co-registered and enabled depth-resolved visualization of microvasculature in the mucosa and submucosa. OCTA visualized normal vascular patterns with regular honeycomb patterns vs abnormal vasculature with distorted honeycomb patterns and ectatic/tortuous microvasculature in the rectal mucosa. Normal arterioles and venules < 200 μm in diameter versus abnormal heterogenous enlarged arterioles and venules > 200μm in diameter were visualized in the rectal submucosa. Abnormal mucosal vasculature occurred in 0 of 2 normal patients and 3 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients,while abnormal submucosal vasculature occurred more often, in 1 of 2 normal patients and 5 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients. After RFA treatment, vascular abnormalities decreased, with abnormal mucosal vasculature observed in 0 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits and abnormal submucosal vasculature observed in only and 2 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits.CONCLUSION OCTA visualizes depth-resolved microvascular abnormalities in CRP, allowing assessment of superficial features which are endoscopically visible as well as deeper vasculature which cannot be seen endoscopically. OCTA/OCT of the rectum can be performed in conjunction with, or independently from endoscopy.Further studies are warranted to investigate if OCTA/OCT can elucidate pathophysiology of CRP or improve management.展开更多
Chronic radiation proctitis is a complication that occurs in patients who receive radiation therapy for pelvic malignancies. The common presentation is with rectal bleeding, but also rectal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus an...Chronic radiation proctitis is a complication that occurs in patients who receive radiation therapy for pelvic malignancies. The common presentation is with rectal bleeding, but also rectal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus and even passage of mucus can occur. The optimal treatment of bleeding due to radiation proctitis remains unclear. Among various therapeutic options, medical management is generally ineffective and surgical intervention has a high incidence of morbidity. Promising advances have been made in endoscopic therapy, including argon plasma coagulation (APC), formalin application as well as new techniques such as radio-frequency ablation and cryoablation. APC is a safe, highly effective and long-lasting therapy in patients with rectal bleeding associated with radiation proctitis. It has been shown that several sessions of APC reduce the rate of bleeding and therefore the blood transfusion requirements. Moreover, the effect of treatment is long lasting. However, best results are achieved in patients with mild to moderate radiation proctitis, leaving space for alternative treatments for patients with more severe disease. In patients with severe or refractoryradiation proctitis intra rectal formalin application is an appropriate treatment option. Radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation have shown efficacy as alternative methods in a limited number of patients with refractory chronic radiation proctitis.展开更多
Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) is a troublesome complication of pelvic radiotherapy. The most common presentation is rectal bleeding. CRP symptoms interfere with daily activities and decrease quality of life. Rect...Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) is a troublesome complication of pelvic radiotherapy. The most common presentation is rectal bleeding. CRP symptoms interfere with daily activities and decrease quality of life. Rectal bleeding management in patients with CRP represents a conundrum for practitioners. Medical therapy is ineffective in general and surgical approach has a high morbidmortality. Endoscopy has a role in the diagnosis,staging and treatment of this disease. Currently available endoscopic modalities are formalin,potassium titanyl phosphate laser,neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser,argon laser,bipolar electrocoagulation(BiCAP),heater probe,band ligation,cryotherapy,radiofrequency ablation and argon plasma coagulation(APC). Among these options,APC is the most promising.展开更多
Chronic radiation proctopathy occurs in 5%-20% of patients following pelvic radiotherapy. Although many cases resolve spontaneously,some lead to chronic symptoms including diarrhea,tenesmus,urgency and persistent rect...Chronic radiation proctopathy occurs in 5%-20% of patients following pelvic radiotherapy. Although many cases resolve spontaneously,some lead to chronic symptoms including diarrhea,tenesmus,urgency and persistent rectal bleeding with iron deficiency anemia requiring blood transfusions. Treatments for chronic radiation proctitis remain unsatisfactory and the basis of evidence for various therapies is generally insuff icient. There are very few controlled or prospective trials,and comparisons between therapies are limited because of different evaluation methods. Medical treatments,including formalin,topical sucralfate,5-amino salicylic acid enemas,and short chain fatty acids have been used with limited success.Surgical management is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic therapy using modalities such as the heater probe,neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser,potassium titanyl phosphate laser and bipolar electrocoagulation has been reported to be of some benef it,but with frequent complications.Argon plasma coagulation is touted to be the preferred endoscopic therapy due to its eff icacy and safety profile.Newer methods of endoscopic ablation such as radiofrequency ablation and cryotherapy have been recently described which may afford broader areas of treatment per application,with lower rate of complications.This review will focus on endoscopic ablation therapies,including such newer modalities,for chronic radiation proctitis.展开更多
Background:This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and toxicity between small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and those treated with radiofrequency...Background:This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and toxicity between small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and those treated with radiofrequency ablation(RFA).Methods:We searched databases for relevant clinical studies.The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival(OS)at 1 and 2 years,freedom from local progression(FFLP)rate at 2 years,and complications.Results:Five cohorts from 5 retrospective studies and 4,814 patients with HCC were included.Pooled OS at 2 years was significantly lower for SBRT than for RFA[odds ratio(OR):0.63;95%confidence interval(CI):0.51-0.79;P<0.0001],but the pooled FFLP rate at 2 years was higher for SBRT than for RFA(OR:1.66;95%CI:1.05-2.61;P=0.03).In addition,there was no significant difference in the local and liver toxicities of the two treatments.The contradictory conclusion between the OS and FFLP outcome may be attributed to the difference in radiological dose and location,but there were no uniform criteria to illustrate the radiological dose and location in the included studies.Conclusions:SBRT had a higher local control ratio but poorer prognosis than RFA in patients with small HCC.The local toxicity was comparable in both treatments.Further trials should be designed with uniform standards for SBRT and RFA treatments.展开更多
目的:观察介入治疗定位膜在腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术体表定位中的作用。方法:行腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术病人100例,按照随机数字表法分为使用新型定位膜(A组)及使用传统定位(B组)方法,各50例,比较两组病人在透视引导下管状位穿刺成功...目的:观察介入治疗定位膜在腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术体表定位中的作用。方法:行腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术病人100例,按照随机数字表法分为使用新型定位膜(A组)及使用传统定位(B组)方法,各50例,比较两组病人在透视引导下管状位穿刺成功率、体表定位时透视次数、所使用的时间,病人接受电离辐射的剂量及治疗并发症。结果:两组穿刺成功率均为100%。平均每人透视次数A组4.26±0.49、B组6.62±1.43次;所使用的时间为A组48.20±4.10秒,B组106.60±13.51秒;接受电离辐射的剂量A组为30.00±3.15 m Gy,B组60.16±9.04 m Gy,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),均无严重并发症。结论:使用新型介入治疗定位膜可有效减少透视次数、减少操作的时间,减少病人及医师接受的电离辐射剂量。展开更多
目的:探讨4G手机射频电磁辐射阴囊暴露对成年大鼠睾丸的直接影响。方法:30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组及暴露组,建立阴囊局部暴露模型,暴露组接受6 h/d的辐射,共150 d。分析精液质量和生精上皮变化;检测抗氧化酶-过氧化物水平及血-睾屏障蛋...目的:探讨4G手机射频电磁辐射阴囊暴露对成年大鼠睾丸的直接影响。方法:30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组及暴露组,建立阴囊局部暴露模型,暴露组接受6 h/d的辐射,共150 d。分析精液质量和生精上皮变化;检测抗氧化酶-过氧化物水平及血-睾屏障蛋白的表达。结果:与对照组相比,暴露组精子浓度(6.39±0.82 vs 4.74±0.87)(×10^(7)/ml)、活率(62.11±8.82 vs 41.44±7.33)(%)、总活力(55.71±7.39 vs 36.22±6.36)(%)及正常形态精子百分率(84.89±5.11 vs 70.78±8.11)(%)明显降低(P<0.05);暴露组Johnsen评分明显减低(8.38±0.98 vs 6.11±1.56,P<0.05),Coentino评分明显增高(1.36±0.21 vs 1.81±0.34,P<0.05);暴露组MDA水平明显上升(P<0.05),SOD、GSH及CAT水平明显下降(P<0.05);暴露组Occludin、ZO-1、CAR及N-Cadherin水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:4G手机射频电磁辐射阴囊局部暴露可直接导致成年睾丸损伤、血-睾屏障紊乱及精子质量下降,造成大鼠生育力下降。展开更多
文摘Objective: To investigate the antioxidant efficacy of oral orientin on 900 MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in mice.Methods: The mice were randomly allotted into 5 groups consisting of 7 mice each. The deionised water and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations(RF-EMR) groups were administered with deionised water while orientin was administered to the RF-EMR + low dose of orientin group(10 mg/kg), RF-EMR + high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg) and high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg). All the groups except deionised water and high dose groups were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation for 28 consecutive days(1 h/day). Learning and memory was assessed via the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Activities of lipid prexidation and antioxidant enzymes were measured using kits.Results: Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation caused impairment in learning and memory and reduced activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, increased lipoperoxidation and corticosterone concentration as well as histopathological aberrations in the hippocampal tissues. Conversely, orientin alleviated learning and memory deficit, improved the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and mitigated brain lipoperoxidation and neuronal degeneration in mice exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Conclusions: Orientin alleviates learning and memory impairment due to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in mice by improving antioxidant defence mechanism and may be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for improving the antioxidant system of people living in radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-prone environment.
基金Supported by facility supports of the VA Boston Healthcare System,NIH grants R01-CA075289-21(JGF and HM)Air Force Office of Scientific Research contract FA9550-15-1-0473(JGF)
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is declining due to refinement of radiation delivery techniques, CRP remains one of the major complications of pelvic radiation therapy and significantly affects patient quality of life.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is an emerging treatment modality for eradicating abnormal vasculature associated with CRP. However, questions remain regarding CRP pathophysiology and optimal disease management.AIM To study feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) for investigating subsurface vascular alterations in CRP and response to RFA treatment.METHODS Two patients with normal rectum and 8 patients referred for, or undergoing endoscopic RFA treatment for CRP were imaged with a prototype ultrahighspeed optical coherence tomography(OCT) system over 15 OCT/colonoscopy visits(2 normal patients, 5 RFA-na?ve patients, 8 RFA-follow-up visits). OCT and OCTA was performed by placing the OCT catheter onto the dentate line and rectum without endoscopic guidance. OCTA enabled depth-resolved microvasculature imaging using motion contrast from flowing blood, withoutrequiring injected dyes. OCTA features of normal and abnormal microvasculature were assessed in the mucosa and submucosa. Blinded reading of OCTA images was performed to assess the association of abnormal rectal microvasculature with CRP and RFA treatment, and rectal telangiectasia density endoscopic scoring.RESULTS OCTA/OCT images are intrinsically co-registered and enabled depth-resolved visualization of microvasculature in the mucosa and submucosa. OCTA visualized normal vascular patterns with regular honeycomb patterns vs abnormal vasculature with distorted honeycomb patterns and ectatic/tortuous microvasculature in the rectal mucosa. Normal arterioles and venules < 200 μm in diameter versus abnormal heterogenous enlarged arterioles and venules > 200μm in diameter were visualized in the rectal submucosa. Abnormal mucosal vasculature occurred in 0 of 2 normal patients and 3 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients,while abnormal submucosal vasculature occurred more often, in 1 of 2 normal patients and 5 of 5 RFA-na?ve patients. After RFA treatment, vascular abnormalities decreased, with abnormal mucosal vasculature observed in 0 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits and abnormal submucosal vasculature observed in only and 2 of 8 RFA-follow-up visits.CONCLUSION OCTA visualizes depth-resolved microvascular abnormalities in CRP, allowing assessment of superficial features which are endoscopically visible as well as deeper vasculature which cannot be seen endoscopically. OCTA/OCT of the rectum can be performed in conjunction with, or independently from endoscopy.Further studies are warranted to investigate if OCTA/OCT can elucidate pathophysiology of CRP or improve management.
文摘Chronic radiation proctitis is a complication that occurs in patients who receive radiation therapy for pelvic malignancies. The common presentation is with rectal bleeding, but also rectal pain, diarrhea, tenesmus and even passage of mucus can occur. The optimal treatment of bleeding due to radiation proctitis remains unclear. Among various therapeutic options, medical management is generally ineffective and surgical intervention has a high incidence of morbidity. Promising advances have been made in endoscopic therapy, including argon plasma coagulation (APC), formalin application as well as new techniques such as radio-frequency ablation and cryoablation. APC is a safe, highly effective and long-lasting therapy in patients with rectal bleeding associated with radiation proctitis. It has been shown that several sessions of APC reduce the rate of bleeding and therefore the blood transfusion requirements. Moreover, the effect of treatment is long lasting. However, best results are achieved in patients with mild to moderate radiation proctitis, leaving space for alternative treatments for patients with more severe disease. In patients with severe or refractoryradiation proctitis intra rectal formalin application is an appropriate treatment option. Radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation have shown efficacy as alternative methods in a limited number of patients with refractory chronic radiation proctitis.
文摘Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) is a troublesome complication of pelvic radiotherapy. The most common presentation is rectal bleeding. CRP symptoms interfere with daily activities and decrease quality of life. Rectal bleeding management in patients with CRP represents a conundrum for practitioners. Medical therapy is ineffective in general and surgical approach has a high morbidmortality. Endoscopy has a role in the diagnosis,staging and treatment of this disease. Currently available endoscopic modalities are formalin,potassium titanyl phosphate laser,neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser,argon laser,bipolar electrocoagulation(BiCAP),heater probe,band ligation,cryotherapy,radiofrequency ablation and argon plasma coagulation(APC). Among these options,APC is the most promising.
文摘Chronic radiation proctopathy occurs in 5%-20% of patients following pelvic radiotherapy. Although many cases resolve spontaneously,some lead to chronic symptoms including diarrhea,tenesmus,urgency and persistent rectal bleeding with iron deficiency anemia requiring blood transfusions. Treatments for chronic radiation proctitis remain unsatisfactory and the basis of evidence for various therapies is generally insuff icient. There are very few controlled or prospective trials,and comparisons between therapies are limited because of different evaluation methods. Medical treatments,including formalin,topical sucralfate,5-amino salicylic acid enemas,and short chain fatty acids have been used with limited success.Surgical management is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic therapy using modalities such as the heater probe,neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser,potassium titanyl phosphate laser and bipolar electrocoagulation has been reported to be of some benef it,but with frequent complications.Argon plasma coagulation is touted to be the preferred endoscopic therapy due to its eff icacy and safety profile.Newer methods of endoscopic ablation such as radiofrequency ablation and cryotherapy have been recently described which may afford broader areas of treatment per application,with lower rate of complications.This review will focus on endoscopic ablation therapies,including such newer modalities,for chronic radiation proctitis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant no.81570591 and the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province under grant no.LGF19H030017。
文摘Background:This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and toxicity between small hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)and those treated with radiofrequency ablation(RFA).Methods:We searched databases for relevant clinical studies.The primary outcomes of interest were overall survival(OS)at 1 and 2 years,freedom from local progression(FFLP)rate at 2 years,and complications.Results:Five cohorts from 5 retrospective studies and 4,814 patients with HCC were included.Pooled OS at 2 years was significantly lower for SBRT than for RFA[odds ratio(OR):0.63;95%confidence interval(CI):0.51-0.79;P<0.0001],but the pooled FFLP rate at 2 years was higher for SBRT than for RFA(OR:1.66;95%CI:1.05-2.61;P=0.03).In addition,there was no significant difference in the local and liver toxicities of the two treatments.The contradictory conclusion between the OS and FFLP outcome may be attributed to the difference in radiological dose and location,but there were no uniform criteria to illustrate the radiological dose and location in the included studies.Conclusions:SBRT had a higher local control ratio but poorer prognosis than RFA in patients with small HCC.The local toxicity was comparable in both treatments.Further trials should be designed with uniform standards for SBRT and RFA treatments.
文摘目的:观察介入治疗定位膜在腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术体表定位中的作用。方法:行腰椎背根神经节脉冲射频术病人100例,按照随机数字表法分为使用新型定位膜(A组)及使用传统定位(B组)方法,各50例,比较两组病人在透视引导下管状位穿刺成功率、体表定位时透视次数、所使用的时间,病人接受电离辐射的剂量及治疗并发症。结果:两组穿刺成功率均为100%。平均每人透视次数A组4.26±0.49、B组6.62±1.43次;所使用的时间为A组48.20±4.10秒,B组106.60±13.51秒;接受电离辐射的剂量A组为30.00±3.15 m Gy,B组60.16±9.04 m Gy,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),均无严重并发症。结论:使用新型介入治疗定位膜可有效减少透视次数、减少操作的时间,减少病人及医师接受的电离辐射剂量。
文摘目的:探讨4G手机射频电磁辐射阴囊暴露对成年大鼠睾丸的直接影响。方法:30只SD大鼠随机分为对照组及暴露组,建立阴囊局部暴露模型,暴露组接受6 h/d的辐射,共150 d。分析精液质量和生精上皮变化;检测抗氧化酶-过氧化物水平及血-睾屏障蛋白的表达。结果:与对照组相比,暴露组精子浓度(6.39±0.82 vs 4.74±0.87)(×10^(7)/ml)、活率(62.11±8.82 vs 41.44±7.33)(%)、总活力(55.71±7.39 vs 36.22±6.36)(%)及正常形态精子百分率(84.89±5.11 vs 70.78±8.11)(%)明显降低(P<0.05);暴露组Johnsen评分明显减低(8.38±0.98 vs 6.11±1.56,P<0.05),Coentino评分明显增高(1.36±0.21 vs 1.81±0.34,P<0.05);暴露组MDA水平明显上升(P<0.05),SOD、GSH及CAT水平明显下降(P<0.05);暴露组Occludin、ZO-1、CAR及N-Cadherin水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:4G手机射频电磁辐射阴囊局部暴露可直接导致成年睾丸损伤、血-睾屏障紊乱及精子质量下降,造成大鼠生育力下降。
