An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. ...An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. The device is characterized by its high sensitivity, good reproducibility, convenience and economy. The results obtained with the instrument were significantly correlated to actual bone mineral content, This device can be used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, fluorosis, rickets and bone damages caused by cadmium.展开更多
The authors revise the latest evidence in the literature regarding managing of osteoporosis in ulcerative colitis (UC), paying particular attention to the latest tendency of the research concerning the management of b...The authors revise the latest evidence in the literature regarding managing of osteoporosis in ulcerative colitis (UC), paying particular attention to the latest tendency of the research concerning the management of bone damage in the patient affected by UC. It is wise to assess vitamin D status in ulcerative colitis patients to recognize who is predisposed to low levels of vitamin D, whose deficiency has to be treated with oral or parenteral vitamin D supplementation. An adequate dietary calcium intake or supplementation and physical activity, if possible, should be guaranteed. Osteoporotic risk factors, such as smoking and excessive alcohol intake, must be avoided. Steroid has to be prescribed at the lowest possible dosage and for the shortest possible time. Moreover, conditions favoring falling have to been minimized, like carpets, low illumination, sedatives assumption, vitamin D deficiency. It is advisable to assess the fracture risk in all UC patient by the fracture assessment risk tool (FRAX<sup>®</sup> tool), that calculates the ten years risk of fracture for the population aged from 40 to 90 years in many countries of the world. A high risk value could indicate the necessity of treatment, whereas a low risk value suggests a follow-up only. An intermediate risk supports the decision to prescribe bone mineral density (BMD) assessment and a subsequent patient revaluation for treatment. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bone densitometry can be used not only for BMD measurement, but also to collect data about bone quality by the means of trabecular bone score and hip structural analysis assessment. These two indices could represent a method of interesting perspectives in evaluating bone status in patients affected by diseases like UC, which may present an impairment of bone quality as well as of bone quantity. In literature there is no strong evidence for instituting pharmacological therapy of bone impairment in UC patients for clinical indications other than those that are also applied to the patients with osteoporosis. Therefore, a reasonable advice is to consider pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis in those UC patients who already present fragility fractures, which bring a high risk of subsequent fractures. Therapy has also to be considered in patients with a high risk of fracture even if it did not yet happen, and particularly when they had long periods of corticosteroid therapy or cumulative high dosages. In patients without fragility fractures or steroid treatment, a medical decision about treatment could be guided by the FRAX tool to determine the intervention threshold. Among drugs for osteoporosis treatment, the bisphosphonates are the most studied ones, with the best and longest evidence of efficacy and safety. Despite this, several questions are still open, such as the duration of treatment, the necessity to discontinue it, the indication of therapy in young patients, particularly in those without previous fractures. Further, it has to be mentioned that a long-term bisphosphonates use in primary osteoporosis has been associated with an increased incidence of dramatic side-effects, even if uncommon, like osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical sub-trochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures. UC is a long-lasting disease and the majority of patients is relatively young. In this scenario primary prevention of fragility fracture is the best cost-effective strategy. Vitamin D supplementation, adequate calcium intake, suitable physical activity (when possible), removing of risk factors for osteoporosis like smoking, and avoiding falling are the best medical acts.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effects of kelulut honey on bone structure and histomorphometry against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.Methods:Thirty-five male rats were used(n=7).Twenty-eight adrenalectomized rats were...Objective:To explore the effects of kelulut honey on bone structure and histomorphometry against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.Methods:Thirty-five male rats were used(n=7).Twenty-eight adrenalectomized rats were divided into four groups;each group was given normal saline 0.9%(negative control),calcium water(positive control),kelulut honey(200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day,respectively)treatment,respectively.All of them were administered with intramuscular injection of dexamethasone(120μg/kg/day)to induce osteoporosis.Seven sham operated rats were given vehicle palm olein 0.05 mL/100 g/day by intramuscular injection and 0.1 mL/kg/day orally.All the treatments were given daily for 2 month.Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress enzymes were measured.In addition,bone structural and histomorphometry analyses were also conducted.Results:Two-month glucocorticoid treatment increased the level of malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase significantly.No significant changes were found in the activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase.Bone volume/tissue volume and trabecular number were significantly reduced while trabecular separation of the femoral bones was increased which corresponded to the decreased number of osteoblast surface after two months of receiving glucocorticoid treatment.Kelulut honey treatment restored the level of superoxide dismutase and reduced malondialdehyde significantly(P<0.05).Moreover,kelulut honey increased bone volume/tissue volume,trabecular number and decreased trabecular separation significantly(P<0.05),which were further confirmed by increased osteoblast surface and decreased osteoclast surface number(P<0.05).Conclusions:Kelulut honey may have potential bone protective effect,and may be a prophylaxis against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.展开更多
目的初步探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者、骨质疏松患者以及无骨质疏松患者3者间椎体骨质的差别。方法对30例需要进行手术治疗的患者进行分组,分别为骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者组、骨质疏松患者组及无骨质疏松患者组,每组10例。在术...目的初步探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者、骨质疏松患者以及无骨质疏松患者3者间椎体骨质的差别。方法对30例需要进行手术治疗的患者进行分组,分别为骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者组、骨质疏松患者组及无骨质疏松患者组,每组10例。在术中分别取出3组患者少许椎体样本,椎体样本大小相等,不影响手术疗效的同时亦不会对患者造成不良影响,患者均表示知情同意。随后分别对取出的椎体标本进行显微计算机断层扫描术(micro-computed tomography,Micro-CT)检测,以了解及对比3组患者之间椎体骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、骨矿含量(bone mineral content,BMC)和骨小梁情况。结果骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者组对比骨质疏松患者组、无骨质疏松患者组其椎体皮质骨BMD、松质骨BMD、骨小梁BMD和总体BMD以及皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC均有明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中骨小梁BMD、皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC下降显著(P<0.01);骨质疏松患者组对比无骨质疏松患者组其椎体皮质骨BMD、松质骨BMD、骨小梁BMD和总体BMD以及皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC均有下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中骨小梁BMD下降显著(P<0.01)。结论较低的椎体BMD和BMC是椎体压缩骨折发生发展的主要原因,骨质疏松患者和暂无骨质疏松人群需要预防BMD、BMC的下降,防止骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的发生。展开更多
目的:评价X线放射吸收法(Radiographic Absorptiometry,RA)测定指骨骨密度与双能X线吸收法(Dual energy X-ray radiogrammetry,DEXA)测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度在诊断绝经后女性骨质疏松症的一致性。方法:选取65名绝经后女性,均用RA测定指...目的:评价X线放射吸收法(Radiographic Absorptiometry,RA)测定指骨骨密度与双能X线吸收法(Dual energy X-ray radiogrammetry,DEXA)测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度在诊断绝经后女性骨质疏松症的一致性。方法:选取65名绝经后女性,均用RA测定指骨骨密度和DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度,用线性回归分析比较两种方法所测的骨质量(Bone mineral density,BMD),用Bland-Altman(B-A)作图法分析比较两种方法所测T值。结果:RA测定指骨BMD与DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈BMD呈线性关系,相关系数R2分别为0.64、0.56(P<0.01)。B-A分析法显示两种方法检测T值的一致性较好。结论:RA指骨骨密度测定法可应用于绝经后女性骨质疏松症的筛查。展开更多
文摘An instrument used for quantitative assessment of trabecular structure of radius on radiograph including trabecular number and trabecular width was developed using a microdensitometer and a single-chip microcomputer. The device is characterized by its high sensitivity, good reproducibility, convenience and economy. The results obtained with the instrument were significantly correlated to actual bone mineral content, This device can be used for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, fluorosis, rickets and bone damages caused by cadmium.
文摘The authors revise the latest evidence in the literature regarding managing of osteoporosis in ulcerative colitis (UC), paying particular attention to the latest tendency of the research concerning the management of bone damage in the patient affected by UC. It is wise to assess vitamin D status in ulcerative colitis patients to recognize who is predisposed to low levels of vitamin D, whose deficiency has to be treated with oral or parenteral vitamin D supplementation. An adequate dietary calcium intake or supplementation and physical activity, if possible, should be guaranteed. Osteoporotic risk factors, such as smoking and excessive alcohol intake, must be avoided. Steroid has to be prescribed at the lowest possible dosage and for the shortest possible time. Moreover, conditions favoring falling have to been minimized, like carpets, low illumination, sedatives assumption, vitamin D deficiency. It is advisable to assess the fracture risk in all UC patient by the fracture assessment risk tool (FRAX<sup>®</sup> tool), that calculates the ten years risk of fracture for the population aged from 40 to 90 years in many countries of the world. A high risk value could indicate the necessity of treatment, whereas a low risk value suggests a follow-up only. An intermediate risk supports the decision to prescribe bone mineral density (BMD) assessment and a subsequent patient revaluation for treatment. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bone densitometry can be used not only for BMD measurement, but also to collect data about bone quality by the means of trabecular bone score and hip structural analysis assessment. These two indices could represent a method of interesting perspectives in evaluating bone status in patients affected by diseases like UC, which may present an impairment of bone quality as well as of bone quantity. In literature there is no strong evidence for instituting pharmacological therapy of bone impairment in UC patients for clinical indications other than those that are also applied to the patients with osteoporosis. Therefore, a reasonable advice is to consider pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis in those UC patients who already present fragility fractures, which bring a high risk of subsequent fractures. Therapy has also to be considered in patients with a high risk of fracture even if it did not yet happen, and particularly when they had long periods of corticosteroid therapy or cumulative high dosages. In patients without fragility fractures or steroid treatment, a medical decision about treatment could be guided by the FRAX tool to determine the intervention threshold. Among drugs for osteoporosis treatment, the bisphosphonates are the most studied ones, with the best and longest evidence of efficacy and safety. Despite this, several questions are still open, such as the duration of treatment, the necessity to discontinue it, the indication of therapy in young patients, particularly in those without previous fractures. Further, it has to be mentioned that a long-term bisphosphonates use in primary osteoporosis has been associated with an increased incidence of dramatic side-effects, even if uncommon, like osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical sub-trochanteric and diaphyseal femoral fractures. UC is a long-lasting disease and the majority of patients is relatively young. In this scenario primary prevention of fragility fracture is the best cost-effective strategy. Vitamin D supplementation, adequate calcium intake, suitable physical activity (when possible), removing of risk factors for osteoporosis like smoking, and avoiding falling are the best medical acts.
基金supported by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,Malaysia through grant FF-2017-447.
文摘Objective:To explore the effects of kelulut honey on bone structure and histomorphometry against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.Methods:Thirty-five male rats were used(n=7).Twenty-eight adrenalectomized rats were divided into four groups;each group was given normal saline 0.9%(negative control),calcium water(positive control),kelulut honey(200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day,respectively)treatment,respectively.All of them were administered with intramuscular injection of dexamethasone(120μg/kg/day)to induce osteoporosis.Seven sham operated rats were given vehicle palm olein 0.05 mL/100 g/day by intramuscular injection and 0.1 mL/kg/day orally.All the treatments were given daily for 2 month.Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress enzymes were measured.In addition,bone structural and histomorphometry analyses were also conducted.Results:Two-month glucocorticoid treatment increased the level of malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase significantly.No significant changes were found in the activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase.Bone volume/tissue volume and trabecular number were significantly reduced while trabecular separation of the femoral bones was increased which corresponded to the decreased number of osteoblast surface after two months of receiving glucocorticoid treatment.Kelulut honey treatment restored the level of superoxide dismutase and reduced malondialdehyde significantly(P<0.05).Moreover,kelulut honey increased bone volume/tissue volume,trabecular number and decreased trabecular separation significantly(P<0.05),which were further confirmed by increased osteoblast surface and decreased osteoclast surface number(P<0.05).Conclusions:Kelulut honey may have potential bone protective effect,and may be a prophylaxis against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
文摘目的初步探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者、骨质疏松患者以及无骨质疏松患者3者间椎体骨质的差别。方法对30例需要进行手术治疗的患者进行分组,分别为骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者组、骨质疏松患者组及无骨质疏松患者组,每组10例。在术中分别取出3组患者少许椎体样本,椎体样本大小相等,不影响手术疗效的同时亦不会对患者造成不良影响,患者均表示知情同意。随后分别对取出的椎体标本进行显微计算机断层扫描术(micro-computed tomography,Micro-CT)检测,以了解及对比3组患者之间椎体骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)、骨矿含量(bone mineral content,BMC)和骨小梁情况。结果骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者组对比骨质疏松患者组、无骨质疏松患者组其椎体皮质骨BMD、松质骨BMD、骨小梁BMD和总体BMD以及皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC均有明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中骨小梁BMD、皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC下降显著(P<0.01);骨质疏松患者组对比无骨质疏松患者组其椎体皮质骨BMD、松质骨BMD、骨小梁BMD和总体BMD以及皮质骨BMC、松质骨BMC和总BMC均有下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中骨小梁BMD下降显著(P<0.01)。结论较低的椎体BMD和BMC是椎体压缩骨折发生发展的主要原因,骨质疏松患者和暂无骨质疏松人群需要预防BMD、BMC的下降,防止骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的发生。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81573996(to CZQ)and 81473697(to HW)the Science and Technology Plan Program of Guangdong Province,No.2016A020226028~~
文摘目的:评价X线放射吸收法(Radiographic Absorptiometry,RA)测定指骨骨密度与双能X线吸收法(Dual energy X-ray radiogrammetry,DEXA)测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度在诊断绝经后女性骨质疏松症的一致性。方法:选取65名绝经后女性,均用RA测定指骨骨密度和DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈骨密度,用线性回归分析比较两种方法所测的骨质量(Bone mineral density,BMD),用Bland-Altman(B-A)作图法分析比较两种方法所测T值。结果:RA测定指骨BMD与DEXA测定腰椎和股骨颈BMD呈线性关系,相关系数R2分别为0.64、0.56(P<0.01)。B-A分析法显示两种方法检测T值的一致性较好。结论:RA指骨骨密度测定法可应用于绝经后女性骨质疏松症的筛查。
