Profile of Radiological Examinations in the Radiology and Medical Imaging Department of the Medical Clinic “KALALE” in Mali

Introduction: Radiology and medical imaging examinations bring together the means of acquiring and restoring images of the human body from different physical phenomena such as the absorption of X-rays, nuclear magnetic resonance, reflection of ultrasound waves or radioactivity, with which we sometimes associate optical imaging techniques such as endoscopy. The objective of our study was to study the profile of radiological examinations in the radiology and medical imaging department of the “KALALE” medical clinic. Methodology: This was a descriptive, prospective study that took place over a period of six (6) months in the radiology and medical imaging department of the “KALALE” medical clinic and the centers of health of communes III and IV of Bamako in Mali. Data collection was carried out on a survey form. The parameters studied were sociodemographic data, clinical data, radiological data. Results: We recorded 6030 radiology examinations of which 19% of the examination frequency cases came from the “KALALE” medical clinic and 81% of the cases were referrals from the reference health centers of communes III and IV. There were 1500 X-rays or 24.9% of cases including 54% cases of bone X-rays;5% of cases of skull and face X-rays;5% of cases of Intravenous Urography (IVU);4% of cases of Hysterosalpingography (HSG);3% of cases of Retrograde Ureterocystography (UCR) and 1% of cases of X-ray of the Abdomen without preparation (ASP). We found 4530 ultrasounds or 75.1% of cases. Conclusion: Medical imaging has become essential in the study of the human body and now constitutes an essential tool for the detection and treatment of most pathologies, from simple fractures to the most serious tumors.

Management of infection control and radiological protection in diagnostic radiology examination of COVID-19 cases

Since the COVID-19 outbreak,diagnostic imaging has been providing valuable radiological support for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction.Radiological staff,especially radiographers working on the front line in the battle against the COVID-19 outbreak.They are in direct contact with the patients,bearing the responsibility and pressure of both the infection prevention and control and the radiation protection.A number of relevant professionals and experts reached a consensus,which clarifies the detailed implementing rules with respective to infection control and protection of the radiation workers,disinfection of diagnostic radiology equipment and workplace,and radiological protection.The aim is to further normalize the clinical procedures of radiological staff,reduce the infection risk,especially the radiation risk to medics and patients.

Preoperative diagnosis of renal oncocytoma: case report and literature review

To differentiate renal oncocytoma from renal carcinoma, the clinical data of four patients with incidentally found renal oncocytomas were studied in this report. And additional Immunohistochemistry examinations were done to confirm diagnosis. Renal oncocytomas were found incidentally in four patients during medical examination. No characteristic changes were found in laboratory tests. Radiology examination provided the location and possibility of renal oncocytoma. History, laboratory test and radiology exanimation indicated the diagnosis of renal oncocytoma, but the final identify of renal oncocytoma need pathology examination.

Endoscopic ultrasound features of gastric schwannomas with radiological correlation:A case series report

Gastric schwannomas are rare mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.They are usually misdiagnosed as other submucosal tumors preoperatively.Experience of the imaging features of gastric schwannomas is extremely limited.In this report,we summarize the features of a series of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) images of gastric schwannomas in an effort to improve the diagnosis and differential diagnosis rate.We retrospectively reviewed the endosonographic features of four patients with gastric schwannomas and their computed tomography imaging results.Gastric schwannomas had heterogeneous hypoechogenicity or isoechogenicity,and a well-demarcated margin.The tumors originated from the fourth layer.Cystic changes and calcification were uncommon.Marginal hypoechoic haloes were observed in two patients.The results described here were different from those of previous studies.In the EUS evaluation,the internal echogenicity of gastric schwannomas was heterogeneous and low,but slightly higher than that of muscularis pro-pria.These features might help us differentiate gastric schwannomas from other submucosal tumors.Further investigation is needed to differentiate these mesenchymal tumors.

Tabu search based resource allocation in radiological examination process execution

Efficient resource scheduling and allocation in radiological examination process （REP） execution is a key requirement to improve patient throughput and radiological resource utilization and to manage unexpected events that occur when resource scheduling and allocation decisions change due to clinical needs. In this paper, a Tabu search based approach is presented to solve the resource scheduling and allocation problems in REP execution. The primary objective of the approach is to minimize a weighted sum of average examination flow time, average idle time of the resources, and delays. Unexpected events, i.e., emergent or absent examinations, are also considered. For certain parameter combinations, the optimal solution of radielogical resource scheduling and allocation is found, while considering the limitations such as routing and resource constraints. Simulations in the application case are performed. Results show that the proposed approach makes efficient use ofradiological resource capacity and improves the patient throughput in REP execution.