Sentinel-Node-Driven Personalized Radiation Techniques Ranging from Partial Breast Irradiation to Regional Nodal Radiation after Breast-Conserving Surgery

Background: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by whole breast irradiation (WBI) has become the standard of care for treating patients with early-stage breast cancer. Recently, various radiation techniques followed by BCS have been reported. We have been investigating “personalized radiotherapy after BCS” ranging from accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) to WBI with regional nodal irradiation (RNI) based on the axillary node status. In this study, we compared different cohorts that received personalized radiotherapy. Method: Of 317 consecutive patients who underwent BCS followed by radiotherapy since November 2007, 187 who received APBI and 122 who received WBI were analyzed. Results: The local-only recurrence rate was 1.1% in the APBI group and 3.3% in the WBI group, and the regional-only recurrence rate was 1.1% for APBI and 0.8% for WBI. Conclusions: The clinical efficacy of APBI for local control after BCS was comparable to that of WBI ± RNI. Although this study was based on a small number of patients with a short follow-up period, the feasibility of breast-conserving therapy using multicatheter brachytherapy to achieve acceptable clinical outcomes was demonstrated.

Analysis on Common Compatibility Contraindications of Breviscapine for Injection

[Objectives]To analyze the common compatibility contraindications of breviscapine for injection,and to provide references for clinical rational drug use.[Methods]The pH distribution of the combined drugs in the report on the compatibility contraindications of breviscapine for injection and was analyzed.[Results]Breviscapine for injection may become turbid or precipitated when mixed with drugs whose pH are lower;it can make the liquid discoloration in a strong alkaline solution.[Conclusions]Breviscapine for injection should not be combined with drugs whose pH are lower,especially drugs with pH lower than 4.2.Breviscapine for injection should not be used with drugs with strong alkaline.It is recommended to use Breviscapine for injection separately.

The power of alternative assessments (AAs)

This article starts by discussing the potential disadvantages of traditional assessment towards young English as a Second Language(ESL)learners within the American public school education system.In response to such disadvantages,researchers’call for the implementation of alternative assessments(AAs)is therefore introduced along with the various benefits of AAs.However,the current mainstream education policy in the US,namely No Child Left Behind(NCLB)Policy,is still largely based on the tra ditional ways of testing,making policy-oriented implementation of AAs on large scales remarkably difficult.After careful analysis,the author points out several implications concerning how,under such an existing policy of NCLB,can practitioners effectively accommodate young ESL learners by applying the power of AAs.

上海虹桥机场近30年大气能见度变化特征

本文利用虹桥机场1986年至2016年近30年的历史观测资料,运用等级分析法、Ridit中值分析法、累积百分率法等统计方法,从年际变化、季节变化、日变化等多时间尺度分析大气能见度。结果表明:虹桥机场大气能见度近30年能见度均值上升了2 km,冬季能见度最低为6.9 km,夏季能见度最高为8.5 km。综合等级分析法、Ridit中值分析法、累积百分率法等统计方法,均发现虹桥机场近30年大气能见度为好转趋势,其中在1986-2003年期间能见度波动下降,2004年后逐步好转,并在2008年后超过近30年总体平均水平。