Systematic Research and Innovation Practice on New Concepts of Construction for Xiong'an Railway Station

As the first major transport infirastructure in Xiong'an New Area,Beijing-Xiong an Intercity Railway is an important step for China State Railway Group Co.A Ltd.to quickly implement the major strategic plan of CPC Central Committee and the State Council.for the establishment of Xiong'an New Area.Xiong'an Station with double-floor spacious waiting areas and the wonderfiul integration of overpass and station building is the first modern integrated transport hub of this kind in China.Based on the characteristics of Xiong'an Station and in the light of the relevant new theories,methods and technologies,systematic studies and innovative practices on the new concept of building up a"well-connected,filly-integrated,environmen-frindly,passenger-oriented,economically-efficient,uurally-rich,intelligent and convenient"passenger station are carried oul,which achieve good results of application and help accumulate valuable experiences for the construction of passenger stations of Chinese high-speed railways in the new era.

New-concept Design Innovation of Passenger Station Construction for Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR

Qinghe Railway Station is the largest passenger station along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR and will serve as the originating station of this line during the A 2022 Winter Olympics.It is also one of the eight major passenger stations in.Beijing.During the construction of this station,all units involved in the construction have made their effors to learn and understand the new concept of building up a“well-connected,filly-integrated,environment-friendly,passenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,inelligent and convenient”passenger station in the new era.Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR was completed and opened to traffic by the end of 2019 through exploration of new-concept design innovation for passenger station construction in the new era,which was widely praised by the general public.The paper summarizes how the new design concept of passenger station construction is innovated and implemented during the construction of Qinghe Railway Station,thus providing a reference for the future construction of passenger stations.

Analysis on Technological Innovation of Civil Engineering Construction

As an important means of human to change their living environment, building creates important wellbeing for people’s production and life, while as an important means of building construction, civil engineering plays an absolutely important role in the architectural construction. The fruitful innovation in the construction of civil engineering undoubtedly has a very important meaning and value for the development of civil engineering discipline and for the realization of human wellbeing. This paper makes analysis on several means of technological innovation of civil engineering construction, purposed to promote the practical development of civil engineering through helpful discussion and exploration.

An Integrated Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Circular Economy (CE) Model for the Management of Construction and Deconstruction Waste Based on Construction Methods

As the climate change signs become more noticeable, the concern to prioritize sustainability within the AEC industry intensifies. This particularly pertained to issues related to the demand of resources, the excessive consumption of raw materials, and the associated generated waste. Presently, the construction industry is ranked among the industries that are accountable for the global generation of solid waste and energy consumption, leading to detrimental environmental effects. Nonetheless, over the years, construction methods, technological innovations, and building practices have made considerable progress, influenced by a growing emphasis on sustainability, especially in energy conservation and in adopting the Industrialized Production layer of Construction 4.0 (i.e., modular prefabrication, 3D concrete printing, and BIM). The concept of Circular Economy (CE) has been identified as a potential solution to achieve sustainability in building construction through the design, construction, and end-of-life deconstruction processes that enhance the management of waste based on the framework that is related to reducing, reusing, and recycling. Moreover, information and data related to geolocation complement advanced digital technologies by providing a collaborative platform that supports the application of CE as a practical approach to sustainability. Thus, this study will provide a straightforward methodology for developing a model that integrates BIM and sustainable design with Circular Economy’s concept to enhance the sustainability of construction projects to minimize their waste based on various construction methods (i.e., conventional, modular, and 3D concrete printing). The proposed model interrelates tools and data for the evaluation and planning strategies for the construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) management at the design stage, including estimating the quantities of the wasted materials, quantifying the production rates of selected equipment for the waste handling (loading and hauling) at the various stages of a project as well their associated cost. The proposed model will help users to calculate the quantity of construction and deconstruction waste (CDW) during the design of buildings based on their different construction methods at the early stage by using the concept of Design for Deconstruction (DfD);sustainable construction methods;and deconstruction process for waste management, which will lead to the suitable construction method.

Technological Innovation Adoption Model for Construction Products

The construction sector is in need of further self-development due to recent innovations in technology.This is because the environmental problems which have been handled seriously all over the world in recent years,and studies related to the way of creating requirements and measures for healthy construction environments have been emphasized.For adoption of new technological construction products in that sector;a system which will encompass designers,contractors and users is required.For selection and widespread use of new technological products,the decision-making is not only sufficient but also cultural and socio-economic factors and conditions are gaining in importance.For the implementation and control of the new construction product assigned,a process of testing is required.The process of testing should be structured by allowing the use of new technological products in a system of continuous self-improvement by preventing the usage without change for a substantial amount of time.All of these processes have been examined within the scope of the doctoral thesis in model,which was developed for the adoption of technological innovation.In this study,the aim is to contribute to the creation of an appropriate adoption roadmap for constant self-renewal and self-improvement of construction environments,which are sensitive to the environment.

Risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in Sichuan-Tibet Railway construction

Safety is one of the most critical themes in any large-scale railway construction project.Recognizing the importance of safety in railway engineering,practitioners and researchers have proposed various standards and procedures to ensure safety in construction activities.In this study,we first review four critical research areas of risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in railway construction,namely,(i)risk identification methods of large-scale railway construction projects,(ii)risk management of large-scale railway construction,(iii)emergency response planning and management,and(iv)emergency response and rescue mechanisms.After reviewing the existing studies,we present four corresponding research areas and recommendations on the Sichuan-Tibet Railway construction.This study aims to inject new significant theoretical elements into the decision-making process and construction of this railway project in China.

Build the First-class Plateau Railway in the World

The construction engineering of Qinghai-Tibet railway is formidable but magnificent with very complicated geological conditions, facing “three difficult problems" of permafrost, severe coldness & oxygen deficiency and fragile ecology. All of the working staff stick to human foremost principle, upgrade construction concept, realize the management innovation, implement the legal person responsibility system for construction project, form the management system featuring in the integration of quality-environment-occupational health & safety, optimize project organization & coordination system and establish the complete & rigorous construction target system. Tackle the difficulty of permafrost relying on science and technology and the finished roadbed, bridges and tunnels are in stable condition. Carry out the basic national policies and protect geological environment, being the leading position in the construction of important and key construction projects and of demonstration significance. Insist on human foremost principle and guarantee the occupational health, creating the altitude medical miracle of “zero death of high-altitude disease, zero occurring of SARS and zero spread of plague". The construction also advances and implements “three specific requirements", that is, the train passes the plateau in fast speed, high-reliable and less maintenance of operation equipment and minimum management staff of the line.

从ChatGPT审视负责任创新:阻碍因素与转型方向

ChatGPT的勃兴再次激化了技术创新加速和社会适应水平滞后两者间的尖锐矛盾,使人类被迫面临前所未有的经济、政治、文化和环境风险,进而使有关负责任创新的呼声愈演愈烈。但作为技术伦理准则的负责任创新沿袭了熊彼特范式下基于竞争逻辑的创新,其设计的ARDR模型一方面从未在根本上调控创新较之于负责任的支配性优势,另一方面把负责任简化为线性流程,导致负责任看似获得与创新并列的地位,实则在创新蕴含的人际竞争、公司竞争、国际竞争面前屡屡沦为点缀。唯有在后熊彼特范式下依托基于共生逻辑的创新保卫负责任,才能建构起真正具备约束力的伦理准则,削弱不负责任创新赖以扩散的社会基础,使通过负责任停滞促成制度跟进变为可能。实现上述目标不仅要求各国完善内部治理,而且需要负责任的大国制定跨国人工智能治理框架,使人工智能的发展对全人类有益。

应对新信息技术变革的跨学科护理专业虚拟教研室构建路径

以生成式人工智能为代表的新一轮信息技术变革正在深刻地影响着护理实践,当前大部分护理院校进行的护理专业教育困窘于强调知识、技能的传统医科知识体系的学习环境中,许多从事高等护理教育的教师在面对培养复合型护理人才使命时,难以适应新信息技术变革对多学科、多方位复合型护理人才能力的培养要求,急需与工、理、文、信息等学科教师跨界融合,组成跨学科教学共同体。虚拟教研室的出现为实现护理专业教师与工、理、文、信息等学科专业教师跨界融合提供了重要途径。笔者从应对新信息技术变革的护理专业虚拟教研室成员的遴选模式、组织管理形式、多功能硬件平台建设、云端共享护理专业教学资源制作、教学学术活动开展、教研室文化培育、教研室内部学术规范和知识产权保护制度制定方面,对新信息技术变革背景下的跨学科护理专业虚拟教研室构建路径进行了探讨,为相关护理虚拟教研室构建提供思路。

环大学创新创业生态圈建设路径研究——以黑龙江科技大学为例

环黑龙江科技大学创新创业生态圈建设是贯彻落实“大众创业、万众创新”国家战略的需要、是引领产业振兴,落实龙江发展战略的需要、是促进城市繁荣,助力哈尔滨市创新发展的需要、是学校提升服务能力,实现高质量发展的需要,对于学校发展具有重要的战略意义。生态圈建设坚持“校城融合”理念,秉承“一核、两带、三区”空间布局,通过优化资源集聚做强创新创意策源核、校政企合作协同创新补链延链强链、校城互动创意创新辐射兴市和拉动产业振兴繁荣经济强省等建设路径,形成区域竞争优势,营造“创新创业热土”。

中医药产业技术创新联盟的构建动机及运行机制研究——以江西省为例

基于中医药在改善民生、转变经济发展方式、弘扬中华文化、建设生态文明等国家大局中日益凸显的作用,结合产业技术创新联盟在推动产业发展、突破关键共性技术这一显著特点,提出中医药产业技术创新联盟的内涵,分析联盟构建动机。以江西省为例,从全生命周期角度提出中医药产业技术创新联盟的运行机制,保障联盟的稳定发展。

上海国际科技创新中心建设成就及发展思路

加快建成具有全球影响力的科技创新中心是建设科技强国的重要支撑。总结当前上海国际科技创新中心建设的主要成就,对新形势下持续推进国际科技创新中心建设面临的主要问题和挑战进行分析,结果表明:2014年以来,上海国际科创中心建设持续快速推进,在加大研发投入、提升创新策源能力、推进关键核心技术攻关、营造创新生态、优化治理体系等方面取得了显著成就,但仍面临影响力尚有不足、一流科研机构和顶尖科研人才缺乏、领军型企业数量少、创新网络枢纽功能亟待提升等挑战。基于创新生态系统理论,未来上海国际科创中心建设的发展思路及对策、措施的进一步思考:打造具有全球竞争力的创新集群,促进创新链、产业链、资金链、人才链深度融合,营造少干扰、强服务、审慎监管的创新环境。

以科创竞赛为导向的实验室面向本科生开放模式探索与实践

实验室是高校人才培养的重要平台,是培养高校学生科技创新意识、提高学生科研能力的实践基地。实验室面向本科生开放,有助于师生开展高水平科技创新项目研究,为高水平实验室的深化发展提供契机。同时,实验室对本科生开放也有助于高水平科创竞赛项目的孵化,为学校参与高水平科创竞赛提供助力。该文探究构建以科创竞赛为导向的实验室开放模式,并以北京航空航天大学实验室开放工作为例,拓展实验室开放内涵,提出从管理模式、开放形式、激励机制三个方面构建实验室向本科生开放的实践路径,以进一步提升高校科技创新人才培养实效。

中国新型基础设施建设:统计测度及产业结构升级效应

系统梳理新基建的主要领域,重塑新基建的测度指标体系,在考察2017—2021年中国新基建水平及特征的基础上,探讨新基建对产业结构升级的影响。研究发现:党的十九大以来,中国新基建水平实现跨越式提升,有效提振了国内需求并推动了数字化转型工作;目前融合基础设施、创新基础设施是部署新基建的主要堵点和难点;随着区域协调发展战略的贯彻落实,近年来新基建的地区差距有所缓解,在区域一体化水平日益提高的基础上应进一步加强区域间的协同联动;新基建可显著促进产业结构升级,且考察期内随时间推移这种正向促进效应愈加明显。

新能源技术创新平台建设问题

在“双碳”目标背景下,应积极抢抓新能源产业发展重大机遇,大力实施创新驱动发展战略,以企业为主体、市场为导向、产业为核心,着力构建以创新链、产业链、资金链、政策链相互支撑的创新体系。文章首先概述了建设新能源技术创新平台的意义,并详细阐述了新能源技术创新平台建设目标及重点内容,分析了新能源技术创新平台业务架构,进而总结了新能源技术创新平台建设和试运行期间存在的问题:缺乏相应的考核机制、激励机制和竞争机制;平台运行经费保障能力有限;人才队伍建设有待加强。针对问题提出加强平台建设的顶层设计,完善平台运行机制;保障平台运行经费;加强人才队伍等具体对策建议。

乡村振兴战略背景下新农科实践教学基地建设研究

理论与实践相结合的培养模式是应用型人才培养的必由之路,也是新农科建设的内在要求,因此教学实践基地的建设与应用在农学类专业人才培养中起到十分重要的作用。乡村振兴是当前中国农村发展的重要战略,农学教学实践基地作为农学专业教育的重要组成部分,在乡村振兴战略背景下的建设研究具有重要意义。新农科建设对高校农科人才培养提出新标准和新要求,实践教学对新农科人才培养具有重要意义。该文阐述农学专业实践教学基地建设研究的重要意义、现状、问题及发展路径,以期为今后国内涉农高校新农科实践教学基地的科学化、合理化建设及高效利用提供理论指导。

新工科背景下模拟电子技术实验课程教学改革与实践路径研究

针对当前模拟电子技术实验课程教学中存在教学方法形式单一、实验内容设计无法适应信息技术的发展等问题,从提升大学生创新能力与意识的角度,以“三聚集、三着力”为切入点,探究新工科背景下模拟电子技术实验教学改革与实践路径,以期为推动工科实验教学的持续优化与创新实践人才培养模式提供借鉴和参考。

“两纵一横”科技创新培养模式培育大学生核心素养的实践探索

通过创建“两纵一横”模式即以纵向科技项目立项和横向科技竞赛、大学生科技活动节和科技沙龙为激励,以双师双能型教师为保障,以双创能力为培养目标的新模式。提出构建“三个体系”和搭建“两个平台”模式,鼓励学生参与国家级和省市级别的纵向项目科技立项和开发与参加国家级、省市级横向科技竞赛相结合的方式,来实现大学生科技创新能力的提升和创新精神的培养。此外,通过建立“三库+三制度”保障体系,坚持以赛促学、以赛促教和以赛促改,实现赛教全方位融合,形成师生优势互补的新态势,培养一大批实践能力强、理论知识广的应用技能型工程师,最终实现应用型本科院校培养模式从“学历提升型人才”向“职业技能型工程师”的转变。该成果在校内和校外三年来的推广与应用证明“两纵一横”创新培养模式具有可操作性和可复制性,在应用型大学建设过程中取得显著效果,发挥引领示范作用。

高校信创实验室建设探索与思考

随着信创产业的蓬勃发展,国家对高素质信创人才的需求日益迫切。但是,大多数高校尚未建设信创实验室,已建设的实验室也存在功能单一、利用率不高等问题。为适应我国信创产业发展潮流,结合信创产业当前的发展特点,提出从思想上加强信创教育,使学生了解信创产业发展的重要性和自身的社会责任;通过校企联合的方式,将信创教育有机融入传统课程,使之形成合力;鼓励教学改革,丰富信创实验室的功能。建设符合信创产业生态要求的综合性实验室,为学生提供全面的信创实践条件,从而更好地培养信创人才,为国家信创产业发展提供人才支撑。