An experimental analysis on the turnover time of railway freight transportation based on the impact strength of factors

Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.

On the tunneling time of arbitrary continuous potentials and the Hartman effect

This paper obtains a generalized tunneling time of one-dimensional potentials via time reversal invariance. It also proposes a simple explanation for the Hartman effect using the useful concept of the scattered subwaves.

Inverse problem of quadratic time-dependent Hamiltonians

Using an algebraic approach, it is possible to obtain the temporal evolution wave function for a Gaussian wavepacket obeying the quadratic time-dependent Hamiltonian(QTDH). However, in general, most of the practical cases are not exactly solvable, for we need general solutions of the Riccatti equations which are not generally known. We therefore bypass directly solving for the temporal evolution wave function, and study its inverse problem. We start with a particular evolution of the wave-packet, and get the required Hamiltonian by using the inverse method. The inverse approach opens up a new way to find new exact solutions to the QTDH. Some typical examples are studied in detail. For a specific timedependent periodic harmonic oscillator, the Berry phase is obtained exactly.

Benchmarking of two three-dimensional numerical models in time/space domain to predict railway-induced ground vibrations

In the last 30 years,the scientific community has developed and proposed different models and numerical approaches for the study of vibrations induced by railway traffic.Most of them are formulated in the frequency/wave number domain and with a 2.5D approach.Three-dimensional numerical models formulated in the time/space domain are less frequently used,mainly due to their high computational cost.Notwithstanding,these models present very attractive characteristics,such as the possibility of considering nonlinear behaviors or the modelling of excess pore pressure and non-homogeneous and non-periodic geometries in the longitudinal direction of the track.In this study,two 3D numerical approaches formulated in the time/space domain are compared and experimentally validated.The first one consists of a finite element approach and the second one of a finite difference approach.The experimental validation in an actual case situated in Carregado(Portugal)shows an acceptable fitting between the numerical results and the actual measurements for both models.However,there are some differences among them.This study therefore includes some recommendations for their use in practical soil dynamics and geotechnical engineering.

Relativistic algorithm for time transfer in Mars missions under IAU Resolutions: an analytic approach

With tremendous advances in modem techniques, Einstein＇s general rela- tivity has become an inevitable part of deep space missions. We investigate the rela- tivistic algorithm for time transfer between the proper time - of the onboard clock and the Geocentric Coordinate Time, which extends some previous works by including the effects of propagation of electromagnetic signals. In order to evaluate the implicit algebraic equations and integrals in the model, we take an analytic approach to work out their approximate values. This analytic model might be used in an onboard com- puter because of its limited capability to perform calculations. Taking an orbiter like Yinghuo-1 as an example, we find that the contributions of the Sun, the ground station and the spacecraft dominate the outcomes of the relativistic corrections to the model.

基于P波到时拾取的分析法与遗传算法联合定位方法与应用

针对岩石力学震源定位问题,提出了一种在P波到时精确拾取的基础上通过分析法过滤异常到达传感器和遗传算法(genetic algorithms,简称GA)求解联合定位方法,并将其应用于岩石材料的破裂面定位以及采矿工程中。为了消除传感器到时精度、传统迭代法及迭代初值选择对定位的影响,基于时频分析的改进长短时窗(short-term average/long-term average,简称STA/LTA)法拾取P波到时,求解不同传感器组合分析解的逻辑概率密度函数过滤异常到达,引入遗传算法对到达清晰的震源进行定位。通过断铅、含夹层组合煤岩单轴压缩试验及定点爆破试验对该方法进行验证。结果表明:在对信号预先带通滤波后进行变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)精确滤波的基础上结合改进STA/LTA法可以大幅提升到时拾取精度;通过分析法过滤异常到达对定位精度的影响,结合具有全局性、不受初值影响的遗传算法对震源定位,应用于岩石材料试验以及采矿工程中可以较准确的对震源进行定位,该方法较传统迭代法、线性定位法等更具有工程实际应用价值。

基于希尔伯特变换的电网络约束关系研究

为了研究电压波动条件下的电网络约束关系,文章基于希尔伯特变换,构建了供电电压存在波动下线性时不变负载上电压、电流的解析信号模型,推导出了以解析信号表征线性时不变电网络的拓扑约束和元件约束关系,将相量法思想拓展至对供电电压波动下线性时不变电网络响应特性的分析与求解。仿真验证结果表明,供电电压存在波动条件下,文中所建立的基于希尔伯特变换的电网络约束关系,不仅物理意义清晰、表征简明,而且正确、好用。文章所建立的电网络约束关系,能够为供电电压波动条件下电网络中线性时不变负载上电压电流关系的建模、仿真分析与计算提供指导。

适用于一般时变荷载情况的一维固结解析解

现有的一维渗流固结解析解只适用于特定的荷载类型,如矩形分布荷载和三角形分布荷载,而工程实际中常见的是更为一般的荷载分布形式,而且荷载往往是随时间而变化的。为更好地便于工程应用,结合前人研究工作,本文在一定的假设基础上,采用理论分析方法明确了一维渗流固结问题对应的基本微分方程和相应的边界条件,然后采用特征函数法,推导出更为一般的随时间变化的荷载分布形式下一维固结解析解,并且对解析解进行编程求解。最后将新解析解与已有的特定荷载类型下的解析解进行对比,结果表明采用新解析解能够快速准确地得出一般时变荷载作用下的一维固结解析解,值得在工程应用中加以推广。

应用型本科院校专职教师绩效考核评价体系构建及应用

员工绩效考核是人力资源管理的重要手段。随着高校人事制度的改革深化,现有绩效考核评价体系已不能满足现代教育发展需求,设置科学合理的绩效考核体系对于提升学校整体管理水平具有重要的意义。现综合运用熵权法和层次分析法确定绩效考核各指标的权重,并以豫章师范学院物流教研室专职教师绩效考核为例,从绩效考核角度对各教师工作量进行了分析和评价。

The analytical transfer matrix method for quantum reflection

In this paper, the analytical transfer matrix method （ATMM） is applied to study the properties of quantum reflection in three systems： a sech2 barrier, a ramp potential and an inverse harmonic oscillator. Our results agree with those obtained by Landau and Lifshitz [Landau L D and Lifshitz E M 1977 Quantum Mechanics （Non-relativistic Theory） （New York： Pergamon）], which proves that ATMM is a simple and effective method for quantum reflection.

ANALYSIS OF A CONTINUOUS TIME SM[K]/PH[K]/1/FCFS QUEUE:AGE PROCESS,SOJOURN TIMES,AND QUEUE LENGTHS

This paper studies a continuous time queueing system with multiple types of customers and a first-come-first-served service discipline. Customers arrive according to a semi-Markov arrival process and the service times of individual types of customers have PH-distributios. A GI/M/1 type Markov process for a generalized age process of batches of customers is constructed. The stationary distribution of the GI/M/1 type Markov process is found explicitly and, consequently, the distributions of the age of the batch in service, the total workload in the system, waiting times, and sojourn times of different batches and different types of customers are obtained. The paper gives the matrix representations of the PH-distributions of waiting times and sojourn times. Some results are obtained for the distributions of queue lengths at departure epochs and at an arbitrary time. These results can be used to analyze not only the queue length, but also the composition of the queue. Computational methods are developed for calculating steady state distributions related to the queue lengths, sojourn times, and waiting times.

考虑不对称饱和的电机径向电磁力解析建模

由于内置式永磁同步电机磁饱和特性的存在,使得解析分析电机运行过程中定子所受的径向电磁力缺乏系统有效的方法,不利于在前期设计开发阶段进行电机电磁振动和噪声的抑制。针对内置式永磁同步电机转子不对称磁饱和的问题提出了一种电磁力的解析计算模型。通过将绕组函数法与等效磁路法相结合,推导了考虑电磁饱和情况下的电机磁动势。利用卡特系数计算了电机的等效气隙磁导。通过磁势乘磁导法建立气隙磁场模型,并结合Maxwell应力方程最终建立了电机径向电磁力的解析模型。最终通过有限元法验证了该模型的准确性。该模型能够反应电磁力与电机各结构参数的关系,有利于在设计阶段快速改进电机结构来抑制电机电磁振动和噪声。

Analytical Solutions of System of Non-Linear Differential Equations in the Single-Enzyme, Single-Substrate Reaction with Non-Mechanism-Based Enzyme Inactivation

A closed form of an analytical expression of concentration in the single-enzyme, single-substrate system for the full range of enzyme activities has been derived. The time dependent analytical solution for substrate, enzyme-substrate complex and product concentrations are presented by solving system of non-linear differential equation. We employ He’s Homotopy perturbation method to solve the coupled non-linear differential equations containing a non-linear term related to basic enzymatic reaction. The time dependent simple analytical expressions for substrate, enzyme-substrate and free enzyme concentrations have been derived in terms of dimensionless reaction diffusion parameters ε, λ1, λ2 and λ3 using perturbation method. The numerical solution of the problem is also reported using SCILAB software program. The analytical results are compared with our numerical results. An excellent agreement with simulation data is noted. The obtained results are valid for the whole solution domain.

圆柱壳振动声辐射Jacobi-Ritz时域半解析法及特性分析

针对圆柱壳结构瞬态声振特性分析研究不足,结合Newmark-β积分法和Kirchhoff时域边界积分方程,提出一种圆柱壳受迫振动声辐射Jacobi-Ritz时域半解析法。基于一阶剪切变形理论和微元法思想,建立了圆柱壳振动声辐射分析模型,采取Jacobi多项式和Fourier级数表示轴向和周向位移容许函数,基于Rayleigh-Ritz法和Newmark-β积分法计算圆柱壳的受迫振动时域响应,在此基础上,基于Kirchhoff积分方程求解辐射噪声时域响应,分析圆柱壳受迫振动声辐射特性。与有限元方法/边界元方法数值结果对比表明,该方法具备收敛性好、精度高等优点,圆柱壳结构声振响应峰值随边界条件的刚度变弱存在左移现象,振动声辐射响应随厚度的增加呈现下降趋势;当随机载荷峰值频率与结构固有频率接近时,结构声振响应出现强特征线谱。

Modeling and RTM for arbitrary-order pure acoustic wave equation in VTI media using normalized pseudo-analytical method

The conventional pseudo-acoustic wave equations（PWEs） in vertical transversely isotropic（VTI）media may generate SV-wave artifacts and propagation instabilities when anisotropy parameters cannot satisfy the pseudo-acoustic assumption. One solution to these issues is to use pure acoustic anisotropic wave equations, which can produce stable and pure P-wave responses without any SVwave pollutions. The commonly used pure acoustic wave equations（PAWEs） in VTI media are mainly derived from the decoupled P-SV dispersion relation based on first-order Taylor-series expansion（TE）, thus they will suffer from accuracy loss in strongly anisotropic media. In this paper, we adopt arbitrary-order TE to expand the square root term in Alkhalifah＇s accurate acoustic VTI dispersion relation and solve the corresponding PAWE using the normalized pseudoanalytical method（NPAM） based on optimized pseudodifferential operator. Our analysis of phase velocity errors indicates that the accuracy of our new expression is perfectly acceptable for majority anisotropy parameters. The effectiveness of our proposed scheme also can be demonstrated by several numerical examples and reverse-time migration（RTM） result.

基于SEA的常规导弹封锁机场跑道作战效能分析的系统建模和解析

为快速分析解决常规导弹封锁机场跑道的作战效能,提出了一种基于系统效能分析(SEA)方法的作战效能分析方法。构建了基于SEA方法的常规导弹封锁机场跑道作战效能分析的框架结构和解析模型;结合导弹武器作战攻防体系对抗的特点,给出了封锁把握程度分布密度的计算方法并验证了模型的计算精度,该精度可满足实际作战需求。分析了抛撒子母弹分段切割机场跑道的封锁作战特点,运用成爆弹威力环“切割”跑道的思想,通过判断母弹落点与被“切割”跑道之间的几何关系,确定有利弹着区,在此基础上建立了刻画封锁把握程度的跑道失效概率的解析模型;为了构建反映机场跑道封锁与反封锁对抗过程的封锁时间计算模型,将跑道封锁时间划分为跑道损毁情况判定时间、确定跑道抢修方案时间、排爆作业时间和弹坑修复时间4个部分。构建了排爆作业和弹坑修复阶段作业时间的计算模型,以及封锁时间性能度量的解析模型。对封锁时间性能度量的概率密度函数进行了统计推断。研究结果为后续运用SEA方法进行常规导弹封锁机场跑道作战效能分析奠定了基础。

换流阀冷却控制系统的时滞稳定性分析

换流阀冷却系统是直流输电工程的重要设备,冷却水温度控制的稳定性直接影响换流阀的安全运行。首先介绍了换流阀冷却系统的原理及温度控制策略,被控对象采用带纯滞后环节的一阶惯性环节等效。为减少额外引入的时滞影响,提出冷却系统温度控制测点位置的改进方案。针对PI控制下的一阶时滞系统稳定性问题,推导出基于奈奎斯特准则的解析法,得出系统保持鲁棒稳定的时滞常数稳定域,同时分析了系统稳定裕度和控制器参数的稳定域。仿真和实验验证了解析法分析换流阀冷却控制系统时滞稳定性的有效性。

统计静态时序分析方法综述

随着纳米技术的进步,工艺参数波动给电路性能带来的不确定性愈发明显,成为影响集成电路设计的主要因素之一。为了对先进工艺下超大规模集成电路更准确地进行时序分析,现代计算机辅助设计工具通过概率分布来表征电路的时序行为,并提出了统计静态时序分析(Statistical static timing analysis,SSTA)的方法。为了提高SSTA的速度,各种各样的方法及模型被陆续提出来。本文对快速蒙特卡洛仿真法、离散数值法、查找表法、解析法这四类SSTA的加速方法展开研究并对其性能进行分析,介绍了SSTA最新的研究方向并对各种时序分析方法进行总结展望。

基于实时信息的智能变电站二次设备状态综合评价

智能变电站二次设备的实时状态信息可以通过设备自检信息数据实现在线监测和网络分析,从而能够深入分析二次设备的状态信息。为了对变电站二次设备状态进行有效的评估,基于环境信息实时监测信息,建立了二次设备健康状况综合评价模型。采用层次分析法(AHP)和熵权法主观权重与客观权重结合的方法来减少权重偏差。针对传统加权过程中重要信息容易被淹没的缺点,提出了重要信息触发权重融合和权重修正的机制,来保证评价结果的准确性。将模糊隶属度的状态评价结果转化为评价分数,确定相应的状态等级,进而完成了对二次设备状态的准确评价。对4种二次继电保护设备进行状态评价与结果分析,验证了所提综合状态评价模型的合理性。

基于深度学习的电网安全态势感知方法

为了提高电网的安全性,实现电网的可持续运行,引入深度学习神经网络,对电网安全态势感知方法开展设计研究,以此提出一种全新的安全态势感知方法。本文利用电网安全态势评估指标,结合各类电网环境因素,对电网的变化趋势进行预测;明确电网安全态势评估指标及其相关表述含义后,对电网安全态势进行风险量化、划分安全风险等级,构建基于深度学习的电网安全态势预测模型,并验证安全态势感知预测结果。通过真实电网算例的方式,验证本文提出的安全态势感知方法能够实现电网安全等级的精准预测。