Internal biliary diversion using appendix during liver transplantation for progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1:A case report

BACKGROUND Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1(PFIC-1)is a genetic cholestatic disease causing end-stage liver disease,which needs liver transplantation(LT).Simultaneous biliary diversion(BD)was recommended to prevent allograft steatosis after transplantation,while increasing the risk of infection.Here,an attempt was made to perform BD using appendix to prevent bacterial translocation after LT.CASE SUMMARY An 11-month-old boy diagnosed with PFIC-1 received ABO compatible living donor LT due to refractory jaundice and pruritus.His mother donated her left lateral segment with a graft-to-recipient weight ratio of 2.9%.Internal BD was constructed during LT using the appendix by connecting its proximal end with the intrahepatic biliary duct and the distal end with colon.Biliary leakage was suspected on the 5th day after transplantation and exploratory laparotomy indicated biliary leakage at the cutting surface of liver.The liver function returned to normal on the 9th day post-operation and maintained normal during the 15-month follow-up.Cholangiography at 10 months after transplantation confirmed the direct secretion of bile into colon.Computerized tomography scan(4 months and 10 months)and liver biopsy(10 months)indicated no steatosis in the allograft.No complaint of recurrent diarrhea,infection or growth retardation was reported during follow-up.CONCLUSION Internal BD using appendix during LT is effective in preventing allograft steatosis and post-transplant infection in PFIC-1 recipients.

Critical chain construction with multi-resource constraints based on portfolio technology in South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Recently, the critical chain study has become a hot issue in the project management research field. The construction of the critical chain with multi-resource constraints is a new research subject. According to the system analysis theory and project portfolio theory, this paper discusses the creation of project portfolios based on the similarity principle and gives the definition of priority in multi-resource allocation based on quantitative analysis. A model with multi-resource constraints, which can be applied to the critical chain construction of the A-bid section in the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, was proposed. Contrast analysis with the comprehensive treatment construction method and aggressive treatment construction method was carried out. This paper also makes suggestions for further research directions and subjects, which will be useful in improving the theories in relevant research fields.

Effects of Different Rainwater Diversion Patterns on Rainwater Collection Efficiency and Water Utilization Efficiency in Cornfield

Four rainwater diversion patterns including undisturbed soil ditch （T1）, slope compaction （T2）, asbestos sheet covering after compac- tion （T3） and plastic film covering after compaction （T4） were set in cornfield in arid areas of Yunnan Province, and effects of various patterns on rainwater collection efficiency, water utilization efficiency and corn yield were studied. The results shows that rainwater collection efficiency, water utilization efficiency and corn yield of the four diversion patterns presented the same trend, namely T4 〉T3 〉T2 〉T1. Overall, rainwater collection efficiencies of the four diversion patterns ranged from 41.7% to 58.7% ; compared with T1, water utilization efficiencies of T2 ,T3 and T4 increased by 34.9%, 53.5% and 92.5%, and maize yields of them improved by 1 767.0, 1 981.5 and 2 385.0 kg/hm2.

Improving Diversity with Multi-Loss Adversarial Training in Personalized News Recommendation

Users’interests are often diverse and multi-grained,with their underlying intents even more so.Effectively captur-ing users’interests and uncovering the relationships between diverse interests are key to news recommendation.Meanwhile,diversity is an important metric for evaluating news recommendation algorithms,as users tend to reject excessive homogeneous information in their recommendation lists.However,recommendation models themselves lack diversity awareness,making it challenging to achieve a good balance between the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.In this paper,we propose a news recommendation algorithm that achieves good performance in both accuracy and diversity.Unlike most existing works that solely optimize accuracy or employ more features to meet diversity,the proposed algorithm leverages the diversity-aware capability of the model.First,we introduce an augmented user model to fully capture user intent and the behavioral guidance they might undergo as a result.Specifically,we focus on the relationship between the original clicked news and the augmented clicked news.Moreover,we propose an effective adversarial training method for diversity(AT4D),which is a pluggable component that can enhance both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendation results.Extensive experiments on real-world datasets confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in improving both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.

Impact of Genetic Diversity of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains on the Dissemination of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactam Resistance Genes in Côte d’Ivoire

The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Factors Influencing Orthopedic Surgery Application, Diversity, and Trainee Experiences

Background: Women and racial and ethnic minorities remain underrepresented in orthopedic surgery. Exploring factors that draw individuals from these demographics to pursue orthopedic surgery and their experiences during training can provide valuable insights into this disparity. We aimed to quantify the current state of diversity in terms of race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation among orthopedic surgery residents and fellows, and to identify factors that influenced their decision to pursue orthopedic surgery. Methods: An institutionally validated survey was delivered via Qualtrics to national orthopedic surgery residency programs from January to April 2023. Topics addressed included gender identity, sexual orientation, racial and ethnic background, reasons for pursuing orthopedic surgery, and medical training experiences. Differences between gender and racial discrimination were assessed via Chi-square test. Results: A total of 119 orthopedic surgery residents and fellows responded. Of these, 62.2% (n = 74) identified as non-Hispanic White, 60.5% (n = 72) were male, and 86.6% (n = 103) identified as straight or heterosexual. Mentorship was cited by 79.9% (n = 95) of respondents as a critical factor in their decision to pursue orthopedic surgery. Additionally, 23% of female respondents and 4.2% of male respondents highlighted the presence of women and diverse faculty as very important. Gender identity negatively impacted the decision to pursue orthopedic surgery in 15.4% of female and 1.4% of male respondents (p = 0.004). Among underrepresented minorities (URMs), 24.4% reported negative experiences during training compared to 4.1% of non-Hispanic White participants (p = 0.002). Discrimination experiences ranged from 2.6% due to sexual orientation, 20.7% due to race and ethnicity, and 26.3% due to gender and gender identity. Conclusions: Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, and gender continues to pose significant challenges for orthopedic surgery trainees. The presence of mentors, particularly women and individuals from diverse backgrounds, remains crucial in fostering interest in orthopedic surgery among underrepresented groups. Sustained efforts are needed to create a more inclusive and supportive environment all trainees.

The mechanisms of thermal solidification agent promoting steam diversion in heavy oil reservoirs

At high cycles of steam huff&puff,oil distribution in reservoirs becomes stronger heterogeneity due to steam channeling.Thermal solidification agent can be used to solve this problem.Its solution is a lowviscosity liquid at normal temperature,but it can be solidified above 80℃.The plugging degree is up to 99%at 250℃.The sweep efficiency reaches 59.2%,which is 7.3%higher than pure steam injection.In addition,simultaneous injection of viscosity reducer and/or nitrogen foams can further enhance oil recovery.The mechanism of this technology depends on its strong plugging ability,which changes the flowing pattern of steam to effectively mobilize remaining oil.Viscosity reducer and nitrogen foams further expand the sweep range and extends the effective period.Therefore,thermal solidification agent can plug steam channeling paths and adjust steam flowing direction to significantly enhance oil recovery at high cycles of steam huff&puff.

Fracture propagation law of temporary plugging and diversion fracturing in shale reservoirs under completion experiments of horizontal well with multi-cluster sand jetting perforation

This study conducted temporary plugging and diversion fracturing(TPDF)experiments using a true triaxial fracturing simulation system within a laboratory setting that replicated a lab-based horizontal well completion with multi-cluster sand jetting perforation.The effects of temporary plugging agent(TPA)particle size,TPA concentration,single-cluster perforation number and cluster number on plugging pressure,multi-fracture diversion pattern and distribution of TPAs were investigated.A combination of TPAs with small particle sizes within the fracture and large particle sizes within the segment is conducive to increasing the plugging pressure and promoting the diversion of multi-fractures.The addition of fibers can quickly achieve ultra-high pressure,but it may lead to longitudinal fractures extending along the wellbore.The temporary plugging peak pressure increases with an increase in the concentration of the TPA,reaching a peak at a certain concentration,and further increases do not significantly improve the temporary plugging peak pressure.The breaking pressure and temporary plugging peak pressure show a decreasing trend with an increase in single-cluster perforation number.A lower number of single-cluster perforations is beneficial for increasing the breaking pressure and temporary plugging peak pressure,and it has a more significant control on the propagation of multi-cluster fractures.A lower number of clusters is not conducive to increasing the total number and complexity of artificial fractures,while a higher number of clusters makes it difficult to achieve effective plugging.The TPAs within the fracture is mainly concentrated in the complex fracture areas,especially at the intersections of fractures.Meanwhile,the TPAs within the segment are primarily distributed near the perforation cluster apertures which initiated complex fractures.

普通油茶与香花油茶杂交F_(1)代叶片表型性状遗传多样性研究

以‘岑软24号’ב香花油茶109号’杂交F_(1)代小苗为试材,采用频率分析、相关性分析和聚类分析等统计学方法,研究F_(1)代145个单株的叶片表型多样性,以期为杂交子代早期鉴定和种质筛选提供参考依据。结果表明:杂交F_(1)代9个叶片表型性状存在不同程度的变异,变异系数范围在8.77%~22.80%。9个叶片表型性状在F_(1)代的中亲优势率为-18.83%~77.14%,超亲优势率为-33.19%~62.75%,其中叶长、叶宽、叶周长、叶面积、叶绿素参考值和蓝色成分值的遗传传递力超过100%。36对相关性分析中,极显著正相关10对、极显著负相关5对、显著正相关1对、显著负相关1对。系统聚类将F_(1)代的145个单株分为4个类群,聚类结果充分反映了各类群的特征。

青藏高原隆升与环境变化驱动鸟类的遗传分化与物种形成

作为世界上海拔最高、面积最大的高原,青藏高原独特的地理和气候条件对生物多样性产生了深远的影响。本文结合青藏高原地质、气候变化的背景综述了高原鸟类物种形成模式和遗传多样性特征。首先,青藏高原的隆升对鸟类产生了显著的隔离效应,推动与周边近缘物种的遗传分化;其次,青藏高原的隆升为鸟类提供了新的栖息地,促进了物种分化;再次,高原与邻近地区鸟类的区系交流,促进了物种的迁入、形成与扩散;最后,更新世冰期循环引起的环境变导致了鸟类的冰后期扩张和第二次接触,对鸟类的遗传分化产生了重要的影响。近期,多组学方法也日益广泛的应用在青藏高原鸟类生态适应演化研究中。未来的研究应更多关注地质、气候等因素在物种分化中的作用机制,加强多组学方法的应用,关注高原物种适应的生态学机制。青藏高原作为生物多样性保护的重要区域,在全球变化背景下,需要采取有效的保护措施以维护其生态系统的稳定性和可持续性。

黄土高原退耕刺槐中龄林密度和空间结构对灌草多样性的影响

为了在理解林分密度和空间结构参数对林下灌草多样性的影响基础上科学指导黄土高原退耕还林工程早期栽植的刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)中龄林经营,于甘肃省泾川县官山林场选择了生长在残塬顶部退耕梯田相似立地上的林龄18—25 a的4个密度梯度的刺槐中龄人工林,建立了样地共12个,调查角尺度、混交度、密集度、开敞度和大小比数等林分空间结构参数,同时调查计算林下灌木、草本层的Simpson指数、Gini多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Patrick指数等林下植物多样性指标,运用Person相关性分析和灰色关联度分析探究刺槐中龄人工林密度和空间结构参数与林下灌木层和草本层植物多样性的关系,并确定主要影响因子。结果表明:(1)林下植物物种总数随林分密度增加呈先增后减的变化,在密度1300—1700株/hm^(2)时,林下植物物种总数和草本层多样性指数均达到最大。(2)林分密度主要影响刺槐林的透光性、分布格局和混交程度,密度<1300株/hm^(2)时林分透光性最好;密度1300—1700株/hm^(2)时,57%的刺槐林木呈随机分布,此时分布格局最接近天然状态;密度>2100株/hm^(2)时,林分的混交程度最高。(3)Person相关性分析表明,开敞度和灌木层Simpson指数、物种丰富度指数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),混交度和草本层物种丰富度指数、Gini指数呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。灰色关联度分析表明,当林分密度<1300、1300—1700、>1700株/hm^(2)时,影响林下灌草多样性的主要因子分别是混交度、开敞度、胸径大小比数。(4)对在研究立地条件上退耕栽植的刺槐中龄林,可将1300—1700株/hm^(2)作为考虑林下植物多样性的合理经营密度范围。可以基于研究结果,针对性地优化刺槐人工中龄林的林分密度和空间结构,促进林下灌草层发育,提高林下植物多样性和森林的多功能性。

华北落叶松人工林林下物种多样性特征研究

对河北省塞罕坝第三乡林场不同营林区的华北落叶松人工林林下物种多样性进行调查,对比分析不同营林区内林下植被组成及灌木层和草本层的物种重要值、结构特征和物种多样性指数(物种丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数),探究林下植被物种重要值及多样性指数在3个营林区内的变化差异。结果表明,3个营林区内华北落叶松人工林林下植物共116种,隶属44科86属。林下植物的科、属、种总数在3个营林区中表现一致,即母子沟最高,莫里莫次之,北岔最低。灌木层优势科均以蔷薇科居多,草本层优势科则各有不同,显示出明显的地区差异性。莫里莫营林区灌草层的指数值高于其他2个营林区,母子沟居中,北岔最低。莫里莫营林区高灌草层多样性测度指数可能反映该地区生态系统的较高健康度和韧性,而母子沟的中等多样性测度指数可能表明其生态系统正处于过渡状态,北岔营林区的低多样性测度指数暗示生态系统可能面临潜在风险。研究结果对第三乡林场不同营林区内华北落叶松人工林生态系统的健康管理提供了数据支撑。

106份白肉枇杷种质资源果实性状分析与评价

【目的】探讨白肉枇杷种质资源果实重要性状的多样性与相关性,发掘优异资源,以期为创新利用与育种亲本选择提供依据。【方法】以国家龙眼枇杷种质资源圃(福州)收集保存的白肉枇杷为试材,对单果质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径、果形指数、种子数、单粒种子质量、可溶性固形物含量、可食率等10个果实性状进行鉴定,并进行多样性、相关性和主成分分析以及不同来源地差异性分析。【结果】106份白肉枇杷种质资源10个果实性状的变异系数为9.3%~34.9%,多样性指数为2.64~2.95。不同来源地白肉枇杷种质资源果实主要性状存在差异,福建是大果优质白肉枇杷种质资源的主要来源地。相关性分析表明,单果质量与果实纵径、横径、侧径、果肉厚度、种子数、单粒种子质量均呈极显著正相关,可溶性固形物含量与单果质量、果实纵径、横径、果肉厚度、可食率呈极显著负相关,可食率与单果质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径、果形指数、果肉厚度呈极显著正相关;主成分分析表明,第一主成分贡献率达60.9%,体现果实大小性状的重要性。评价发掘出综合性状优良的种质资源8份,大果的资源3份,高可溶性固形物含量的资源9份,高可食率的资源3份,少核的资源2份。【结论】白肉枇杷种质资源果实性状多样性丰富,发掘出不同类型的优异种质资源25份。

局域与区域过程对生物多样性的影响:群落构建的饱和与开放

自MacArthur和Wilson建立岛屿生物地理学的平衡模型以来,以生物多样性为核心的群落生态学进入了范式转变的阶段,从更为广阔的视角重新审视群落构建这一决定生物多样性的核心机制。与经典群落生态学不同,新范式的群落生态学将局域群落视为一个开放的单元,认为区域群落和集合群落内部的物种扩散与迁移是平衡局域群落中物种灭绝的关键力量。局域群落的物种组成与多样性是局域过程与区域过程共同作用的产物,局域过程包括生物过滤和非生物过滤,而区域过程包含了影响物种形成的地理、历史和进化过程。局域过程与区域过程在局域群落构建中的相对重要性具有时空依赖性。文章回顾了半个世纪以来群落生态学研究范式的变化,从群落构建、物种库与群落饱和性等概念入手,系统地介绍了基于局域-区域物种丰富度关系分析区域与局域过程相对重要性的方法及其局限性,并介绍了克服这些局限性的辅助分析方法。物种库是生物地理学的基础概念,物种库的物种数量与组成记录了地理与区域尺度上历史上发生的生态与进化过程,物种库为表述区域过程的作用提供了可定量化的变量。局域群落是区域物种库所有物种的子集,局域群落构建是这一子集形成的过程与机制。局域-区域物种丰富度关系是用于比较群落构建中区域与局域过程的相对重要性的直观方法,这种关系的非线性反映了群落的饱和性。由于这种关系受到空间尺度、环境条件和群落中物种特性的影响,在判读群落是否饱和时需要结合其他理论与经验方法。对于物种均处于同一营养级的群落而言,当局域尺度足够小时,容易检测到群落的饱和性。而对于包括多个营养级的群落,局域-区域物种丰富度关系的解读需要考虑跨营养级的相互作用。环境选择与种间相互作用都是通过性状实现的,实际观测的局域群落与随机群落的功能多样性比较可以辅助判断局域过程的性质与强度。准确定义物种库是理解局域群落构建与生物多样性维持机制的前提,同时应考虑物种库的大小与功能属性,这将促进我们对群落结构与生物多样性格局的理解与认识。

金沙江中游鱼类资源变化及保护建议

为了解金沙江中游梯级水电站运行后鱼类多样性分布及资源变化,于2019、2022、2023年对金沙江中游干、支流开展了鱼类资源调查。共采集到鱼类4 193尾,375.42 kg,隶属于4目12科46属68种。采用物种生态类型与优势度划分、多样性指数评价、群落相似性分析等方法对金沙江中游鱼类资源现状进行了探讨。结果表明,优势种以细鳞裂腹鱼、短须裂腹鱼、齐口裂腹鱼、长丝裂腹鱼、麦穗鱼、棒花鱼、高体鳑鲏为主。干流鱼类资源丰富,各区段多样性指数评价等级为良、优秀;支流除水洛河、黑白水河口、漾弓江为优秀外,多样性指数评价为很差—良好之间。聚类分析表明:干流鱼类组成可划分为4组,梨园—金安桥、龙开口—观音岩、金沙和银江段各为一组;支流则可划分为5组,各组内鱼类组成差异仍较大。与历史资料对比,渔获物种类数高于2007~2008年,流水性鱼类减少,外来物种增加;产漂流性卵鱼类产卵规模变小,产卵场位置迁移,资源量下降。梯级水电站建成运行后,流水生境的减少是影响金沙江中游鱼类的主要因素。针对水电梯级的累积影响,从金沙江中游栖息地保护大局出发,提出了开展鱼类栖息地保护、优化鱼类增殖放流策略,并开展生态调度,做好外来物种危害的宣传、预警等措施及建议。

基于线粒体COⅠ基因的江苏湖泊鳙群体遗传多样性分析

为掌握江苏湖泊鳙群体的遗传资源状况,利用COⅠ基因序列研究了6个湖泊(太湖、滆湖、长荡湖、高邮湖、洪泽湖和骆马湖)鳙群体的遗传多样性及遗传结构。结果显示,在分析的630 bp COⅠ基因片段中,碱基A+T含量(55.3%)高于C+G含量(44.7%)。223条COⅠ序列检测出14个变异位点,定义9个单倍型,6个群体的单倍型多样性为0.494~0.665,核苷酸多样性为0.0009~0.0019,总体单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性分别为0.576和0.0012,具有高单倍型多样性和低核苷酸多样性的特点,表明6个湖泊鳙群体遗传多样性较低。分子方差分析结果显示,遗传变异主要来自于群体内(99.39%),总遗传分化指数为0.0061,群体间遗传分化指数为-0.0228~0.0445,遗传距离为0.0012~0.0027,表明群体间没有明显的遗传分化。单倍型系统发育树和网络结构图显示,单倍型在6个群体中混杂分布,未形成特定的湖泊分支。中性检验和歧点分布分析表明,整个鳙群体经历过显著的种群扩张。结果表明,江苏湖泊鳙群体的遗传多样性较低,遗传结构趋于同质化,需要采取措施提高鳙的遗传多样性。

南水北调西线工程水源区气象条件分析

南水北调西线工程是缓解黄河中上游地区水资源短缺的重要举措,但全球气候变化影响水源区的水资源供给和分配,目前对水源区气象特征缺乏整体的认知,其内部气象变化的时空差异和敏感性也需进一步阐明。因此,基于1961—2020年逐日气象数据对水源区降水和气温进行趋势、突变和相关性分析。结果表明:从变化趋势来看,水源区气象要素对全球气候变化响应敏感,降水量以16.14 mm/10 a的速度显著增加,接近我国平均速度的3倍;气温上升速度为0.26℃/10 a,与全国平均速度持平。从时空分布来看,水源区多年平均降水量由东南向西北递减,年内分布变差系数为0.91,降水主要集中在6—9月,占全年的72%;多年平均气温为3.62℃,呈现由北向南递增的趋势,年内气温介于-16.7与16.4℃之间。同时,水源区内部气候敏感性存在差异,降水变化敏感区为水源区靠近两河口和双江口区域,清水河、石渠和色达为气温变化敏感站;敏感站之间存在较强的相关性,其气象条件可能同时剧变,配水策略应避免风险叠加。

细菌性肺炎患者的肺部菌群结构分布研究

目的采用16S rRNA测序技术对细菌性肺炎患者和非细菌性肺炎患者的肺泡灌洗液微生物菌群的变化进行分析。方法选择2022年6月到2023年1月在泉州市第一医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院的细菌性肺炎患者20例作为研究对象,以同期非细菌性肺炎患者20例作为对照组。收集入选患者的临床资料、肺泡灌洗液。通过16S rRNA测序检测肺泡关系菌群,并进行生物学信息分析。结果肺炎组的16S rRNA测序得到OTU总数为5857,对照组的OTU为15379,Alpha多样性结果显示在肺炎组的微生物种群丰度等级降低且差异具有统计学意义,Beta多样性分析发现肺炎组和对照组样本间的差异显著。分析肺泡灌洗液的种群组成差异发现,在门、科水平20种群中发现肺炎丰度与对照组相比,益生菌丰度降低而促炎病原菌的丰度升高且差异具有统计学意义。结论细菌性肺炎患者肺泡灌洗液的微生态失衡表现为益生菌丰度降低、致病菌菌群的群落结构发生显著改变,这可能与细菌性肺炎的发生发展有关。

专项捕捞鳗苗网兼捕渔获物组成调查

于2024年1月15日—4月30日,对江苏省鳗苗专项捕捞兼捕渔获物进行调查,分析其特定海域鳗苗网渔获物组成。结果表明,鳗苗网兼捕渔获物51种,其中头足类5种,虾类14种,蟹类4种,鱼类28种,隶属于16目31科43属。对兼捕渔获物进行相对重要性指数和多样性分析表明,中国毛虾和葛氏长臂虾为优势种,尤其是3月份中国毛虾为兼捕主导物种;中国毛虾为兼捕渔获物种尾数损伤率最高的品种,凤鲚幼体是鱼类在3月份兼捕渔获物尾数损伤率最高的品种。提出,应优化鳗苗专项捕捞计划,科学合理地控制捕捞强度,加大监管执法力度,推动鳗苗捕捞规范有序开展;提高网具的选择性,推广环境友好型网具。

通州医派的起源、发展与特点

从地域性医学流派视角,阐述南通中医的传承与发展。南通地域文化具有南北交融、包容会通,崇文厚德、人文荟萃,力求精进、敢为人先的特点。在此文化背景下,通州医派得以萌起与发展,明代以来产生了一批影响较大的医家,他们在继承发展中医外科、创立理论新说、挖掘民间医药、开办中医教育等方面走在前列,独树一帜,特色明显。整理、挖掘与研究通州医派发展轨迹,梳理医家学术思想、临证经验和用药特色,对南通中医事业的发展具有重要意义。