[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids ...[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids on 22 Brassica campestris materials of the main breeds in Yunnan Province,the new improved varieties in China and the core breeding materials were tested.[Result] Yunyoushuang 1,Huayou 4,Yunhuayou Early-maturing Variety No.1 and A35 showed better aphid-resistance.An optimum pesticide application strategy was to use Diyaling in sowing time,and interchangeably apply nitenpyram and imidacloprid during flowering and pod formation stages.[Conclusion] The present study had provided an important technical support for sustainable development of rape industry.展开更多
Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and ear...Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and early growth of oilseed rape,Brassica napus.Treatment with imidacloprid or thiamethoxam did not affect the cumulative germination rate,but significantly inhibited establishment potential by suppressing root system development in the cotyledon stage.However,these alterations in seedling development in the thiamethoxam-treated seeds appeared not to be detrimental as leaves developed;in contrast,for the seedlings with imidacloprid as seed treatment agent,a significantly decreased shoot/root ratio was still evident at the late two-leaf stage.After two leaves developed,chlorophyll content per leaf in the thiamethoxam treatment was significantly higher than that of the control,while chlorophyll content per leaf in the imidacloprid treatment remained close to that in the control.Most other parameters,i.e.,height,leaf area,weight of stem,leaf or root,and other growth indexes,between the treatments and the control showed no significant difference.Additionally,it was found that storage time of the treated seeds had a significant effect on cumulative germination rate.Treatment 30 d before planting significantly reduced germination relative to that of the control.All of the plants treated with neonicotinoids were shown to have significant anti-aphid characteristics that persisted until the end of the trial.展开更多
A series of experiments using open-top fumigation chambers was carried out to investi gate the effect of SO2-polluted rape on performance of the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach).Proper SO2 concentrations sig...A series of experiments using open-top fumigation chambers was carried out to investi gate the effect of SO2-polluted rape on performance of the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach).Proper SO2 concentrations significantly enhances growth and reproduction of the aphid. Nymph MRGR and adult fecundity reached their maxima at 116 nl/L and 80 nl/L of the pollutant, respectively. Potential of the population growth got fully displayed at the latter dose because the highest survival rate of the nymphs also took place at this concentration.It is suggested according to changes in the plant chemistry that this indirect effect of SO2 pollution on the turnip aphid might involve variation in content of individual key free amino acid rather than total amount of all the amino acids in the leaves induced by the air pollutant.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Supporting Project (2009BADA8B01,2010BAD01B04)Kunming Comprehensive Experimental Station,National Modern Agricultural Rape Industrial Technology System(NYCYTX-00564)Development of the Yunnan Modern Agricultural Rape Industrial Technology System~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to screen economic and environment-friendly pesticides adaptive to aphid-resistant varieties in main rape growing regions of Yunnan Province.[Method] The effects of 6 pesticides against aphids on 22 Brassica campestris materials of the main breeds in Yunnan Province,the new improved varieties in China and the core breeding materials were tested.[Result] Yunyoushuang 1,Huayou 4,Yunhuayou Early-maturing Variety No.1 and A35 showed better aphid-resistance.An optimum pesticide application strategy was to use Diyaling in sowing time,and interchangeably apply nitenpyram and imidacloprid during flowering and pod formation stages.[Conclusion] The present study had provided an important technical support for sustainable development of rape industry.
基金supported by the National Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research of Public Interests of China(201303030)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(1408085MKL65)
文摘Seed treatments with the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were evaluated to determine whether the chemicals at effective concentrations for aphid control would influence the germination and early growth of oilseed rape,Brassica napus.Treatment with imidacloprid or thiamethoxam did not affect the cumulative germination rate,but significantly inhibited establishment potential by suppressing root system development in the cotyledon stage.However,these alterations in seedling development in the thiamethoxam-treated seeds appeared not to be detrimental as leaves developed;in contrast,for the seedlings with imidacloprid as seed treatment agent,a significantly decreased shoot/root ratio was still evident at the late two-leaf stage.After two leaves developed,chlorophyll content per leaf in the thiamethoxam treatment was significantly higher than that of the control,while chlorophyll content per leaf in the imidacloprid treatment remained close to that in the control.Most other parameters,i.e.,height,leaf area,weight of stem,leaf or root,and other growth indexes,between the treatments and the control showed no significant difference.Additionally,it was found that storage time of the treated seeds had a significant effect on cumulative germination rate.Treatment 30 d before planting significantly reduced germination relative to that of the control.All of the plants treated with neonicotinoids were shown to have significant anti-aphid characteristics that persisted until the end of the trial.
文摘A series of experiments using open-top fumigation chambers was carried out to investi gate the effect of SO2-polluted rape on performance of the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach).Proper SO2 concentrations significantly enhances growth and reproduction of the aphid. Nymph MRGR and adult fecundity reached their maxima at 116 nl/L and 80 nl/L of the pollutant, respectively. Potential of the population growth got fully displayed at the latter dose because the highest survival rate of the nymphs also took place at this concentration.It is suggested according to changes in the plant chemistry that this indirect effect of SO2 pollution on the turnip aphid might involve variation in content of individual key free amino acid rather than total amount of all the amino acids in the leaves induced by the air pollutant.
