Shaoma Zhijing granule for children with tic disorders: A rapid health technology assessment

Objective:To rapidly assess the effectiveness,safety,economy,and applicability of Shaoma Zhijing granule(SZG)for the treatment of children with tic disorders(TD),and provide currently available best evidence for decision-makers of health policies.Methods:We conducted a rapid health technology assessment(RHTA)to explore the value of SZG.A systematic literature search in eight literature databases and on three clinical trial registration platforms was performed.The literature was screened according to eligibility criteria.The screening process and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers,and the quality of the literature was also assessed.The results were summarized,analyzed,and presented in tables or figures.Results:A total of five randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study,of which one was published in English(in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)and four in Chinese journals.The overall risk of bias for the five RCTs was evaluated as“some concerns.”SZG monotherapy or in combi-nation with tiapride was better than tiapride alone in improving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and tic symptoms,with a daily cost of¥67.50e107.22.Adverse events were mainly related to the digestive,respiratory,and neurological systems,but all were mild.Conclusion:Overall,the current RHTA of published,peer-reviewed literature has located a small body of evidence evaluating the use of SZG for the treatment of TD in children.SZG has effects on improving TCM syndromes and tic symptoms;the daily cost is¥67.50e107.22;and all adverse events are mild.High-quality studies with long-term follow-up should be conducted,so as to provide local evidence and consistently guide and improve scientific decision-making.

Research on Nanofabrication Technology of Micro-/Nano-Stereo Rapid Prototyping of PCVD

At present, the most common micro/nano-scale fabri ca tion processes include the plane silicon process based on IC technology, stereo silicon process, LIGA, quasi-LIGA based on near ultra violet deep lithography, MEMS, energy beam etching and micro/nano-machining, etc. A common problem for t hese processes is the difficulty to fabricate arbitrary form for 3-dimensional micro/nano-parts, devices or mechanisms. To develop advanced MEMS manufacturin g technology, and to achieve fabrication of true 3-dimensional parts, devices or mechanisms, this paper proposes a nanofabrication technology for rapid proto typing of 3-dimensional parts, using plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD). This process can be describes as follows: A laser beam is produced by a low power, quasi molecule laser. It enters the vac uum chamber through a window, and is focused on with the substrate surface. A ga s in the chamber is ionized by the laser beam to produce PCVD on the substrate s urface, and forms a particle of the size of Ф100 nm (its thickness is about 100 nm). When the laser beam moves along X-axis, many particles form a line. Then the laser beam moves one step in Y-axis to form a new line. A plane is complete d by many lines. Then the substrate moves in Z-axis to form new plane. Eventu ally, many planes form a 3-dimensional component. Using available CAD/CAM softw are with this process, rapid prototyping of complex components can be achieved. A nanometer precision linear motor, such as that described in Chinese national p atent (patent No. ZL 98 2 16753.9), can be used to obtain the nanometer precisio n movements in the process. The process does not require mask, can be used for v arious rapid prototyping materials, to obtain high fabrication precision (its sc ale precision is 15 nm), and larger ratio of height to width of micro/nano-stru cture. It can find widespread applications in the fabrication of micro-mechani sm, trimming IC, and fabricating minilens, etc.

Research Progress on Rapid Breeding Technology of Anoectochilus roxburghii Seedlings

As a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine,Anoectochilus roxburghii has the cooling and detoxifying effects,and can nourish yin to reduce pathogenic fire,and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In this paper,we summarized the research progress in detail about the biological characteristics,resource distribution,composition,medicinal value and rapid seedling breeding technology concerning the rare Chinese herbal medicine A. roxburghii,in order to provide a reference for the in-depth study and rational development and utilization of A.roxburghii.

Overview of Research on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology of Pholidota

The genus Pholidota has good medicinal value,and is often over-excavated by humans.Coupled with its low natural reproduction rate,Pholidota is almost endangered.This paper summarized the tissue culture and rapid propagation technology of Pholidota in recent years,aiming to provide key technical support for resource protection and development of Pholidota and preliminary foundation and technical support for follow-up related research.

Online Fashion Retailer Bonobos Selects Gerber Technology's YuniquePLM^(TM) Industry-Tailored Software to Support Rapid Growth and Fast-Paced Product Innovation

Tolland,Connecticut,USA-Gerber Technology,a business unit of Gerber Scientific, Inc.(NYSE:GRB) and a world leader in automated CAD/CAM and PLM solutions for the apparel and flexible materials industry,announces that fast-growing internet retailer Bonobos,Inc. has selected the YuniquePLM product

The Controlled-releasing Drug Implant based on the Three Dimensional Printing Technology: Fabrication and Properties of Drug Releasing in vivo

Three dimensional （3D） printing technology was utilized to fabricate a new type of drug implant with complicated architectures, employing levofloxacin （LVFX） and rifampicine （RFP） as model drugs. The prepared drug implant prototype consists of a doublelayer structure, of which the upper region is a reservoir system containing RFP and the lower region is a matrix one containing LVFX. The release test in vivo revealed that LVFX was released in the early stage; no RFP was detected until 8th day; both of them continuously released more than 6 weeks. Therefore, 3D printing technology provides a precise and feasible method to fabricate a controlled-releasing drug implant with complicated architectures and this drug implant may present a new strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of bone diseases such as combined bone infections and bone tuberculosis in the near future.

A review of intelligent ore sorting technology and equipment development

Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore use and enhances the economic benefits of enterprises but also increases the ore grade and lessens the grinding cost and tailings production.However,long-term research on intelligent ore sorting equipment found that the factors affecting sorting efficiency mainly include ore information identification technology,equipment sorting actuator,and information processing algorithm.The high precision,strong anti-interference capability,and high speed of these factors guarantee the separation efficiency of intelligent ore sorting equipment.Color ore sorter,X-ray ore transmission sorter,dual-energy X-ray transmission ore sorter,X-ray fluorescence ore sorter,and near-infrared ore sorter have been successfully developed in accordance with the different characteristics of minerals while ensuring the accuracy of equipment sorting and improving the equipment sorting efficiency.With the continuous improvement of mine automation level,the application of online element rapid analysis technology with high speed,high precision,and strong anti-interference capability in intelligent ore sorting equipment will become an inevitable trend of equipment development in the future.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,transientγneutron activation analysis,online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques will promote the development of ore sorting equipment.In addition,the improvement and joint application of additional high-speed and high-precision operation algorithms(such as peak area,principal component analysis,artificial neural network,partial least squares,and Monte Carlo library least squares methods)are an essential part of the development of intelligent ore sorting equipment in the future.

地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的快速卫生技术评估

目的:快速评价地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的有效性、安全性和经济性,旨在为临床药物选择和决策提供循证依据。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、SinoMed、万方数据、国内外卫生技术评估(HTA)机构官方网站及相关数据库,收集地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的HTA报告、系统评价/Meta分析和药物经济学研究,检索时限均为建库起至2023年9月。资料提取和质量评价后,对纳入研究的结果进行描述性分析。结果:共纳入9篇系统评价(Meta分析)、2篇药物经济学研究。Meta分析文献质量偏低,经济学研究质量较好。有效性方面,与无治疗相比,地诺孕素可以显著降低术后复发率、盆腔疼痛(VAS)评分,提高妊娠率及有效率;地诺孕素与促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)、复方口服避孕药(COC)在复发率方面疗效相当;在复发率、妊娠率方面,地诺孕素优于达那唑,孕三烯酮以及米非司酮。安全性方面,与安慰剂对比,地诺孕素阴道出血、头痛的发生率显著增高,骨质丢失情况无差异;地诺孕素阴道出血发生率显著高于GnRHa,但潮热、骨质丢失的发生率低于GnRHa。经济性方面,与GnRHa比较,地诺孕素更具有成本-效益优势;而与COC比较,地诺孕素不具有经济性。结论:地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症具有良好的有效性和安全性;经济性优于GnRHa,但劣于COC。

新工科背景下混合式教学改革研究与实践

为满足新工科背景下对人才培养提出的新要求,以《逆向工程与快速成型技术》课程为例,针对课程教学中存在的问题,从课程内容重构、教学模式构建、评价体系完善三方面开展教学改革,并以典型工程案例开展“线上线下+理虚实”多元混合的教学新模式。结果表明,该教学模式有助于培养学生的创新应用能力,可为高职同类课程的教学改革提供借鉴和参考。

替雷利珠单抗一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的快速卫生技术评估

目的评价替雷利珠单抗(TIS)一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的有效性、安全性和经济性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed数据库和卫生技术评估(HTA)相关网站,搜集TIS一线治疗晚期NSCLC的HTA报告、系统评价/Meta分析和药物经济学研究,检索时限均从建库至2024年4月30日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和质量评价,并采用定性描述方法进行快速卫生技术评估。结果共纳入9篇文献,包括系统评价/Meta分析7篇,药物经济学研究2篇。有效性方面,与化疗(CT)相比,TIS+CT可提高晚期NSCLC患者的无进展生存期(PFS)和客观缓解率(ORR),可提高任何程序性细胞死亡受体配体-1(PD-L1)表达情况、伴或不伴肝转移、年龄≥65岁或<65岁、有吸烟病史的晚期NSCLC患者的PFS;与CT相比,TIS+CT可提高晚期非鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS,可提高PD-L1≥50%的晚期非鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS;与CT相比,TIS+CT可提高PD-L1为1%~49%、PD-L1≥50%、男性、年龄≥65岁、有吸烟史、ECOG评分1分、ⅢB期和Ⅳ期晚期鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS。安全性方面,与卡瑞利珠单抗+CT和阿替利珠单抗+贝伐珠单抗+CT相比,TIS+CT可降低严重不良反应发生率。经济学方面,对于无表皮生长因子受体突变和渐变淋巴瘤激酶重排的非鳞状NSCLC,与CT相比,TIS+CT在中国具有一定的成本-效果优势。亚组分析结果显示,在PD-L1表达≥50%、肝转移和有吸烟史的非鳞状NSCLC患者中,一线TIS+CT方案的生存益处更大。结论TIS+CT一线治疗晚期NSCLC具有较好的有效性、安全性和经济性。

美国定向能机动近程防空计划进展分析

美国定向能机动近程防空(directed energy maneuver-short range air defense,DE M-SHORAD)计划通过击伤、摧毁或压制旋转翼无人机、固定翼无人机以及火箭弹、火炮炮弹、迫击炮弹(rockets,artillery and mortar,RAM)等威胁目标,为机动部队提供伴随防空,对抗新兴威胁,属于美国陆军防空反导现代化的优先项目之一。首先介绍了DE M-SHORAD研制计划;其次详细分析了系统结构,并由系统参数评估了系统的作战性能;最后梳理了系统的研制进展。通过综合分析可知,DE M-SHORAD系统采用最佳组件,通过快速原型方法实现激光武器系统在装甲车上的集成;为降低技术风险,该计划在发展方式上分为两个阶段,首先集成、测试2 kW~5 kW机动实验型高能激光器(mobile experimental high-energy laser,MEHEL),然后再研制50 kW级的多任务高能激光器(multi-mission high-energy laser,MMHEL)。经计算可得:MEHEL和MMHEL对无人机的最大射程分别约为0.77 km、4.8 km。

动态病例情景结合快速评估转盘在出血评估技术工作坊中的应用

目的评价快速评估转盘应用于工作坊的培训模式对提高专科护士出血评估技术的效果。方法选取2022年1—12月在广州某三甲医院妇产科培训基地参加脱产专科培训的65名护士为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=32)和研究组(n=33)。对照组在基于临床真实改编案例的工作坊进行实践练习,研究组在此基础上应用快速评估转盘练习评估技术,应用柯氏4级评估模式(反应、学习、行为和结果)对两组培训效果进行评价。结果研究组对培训形式、效果及总体满意度均高于对照组,出血量的评估效率及液体复苏的掌握率均明显高于对照组,且评估时间缩短至(8.82±2.13)min,两组间差异有统计学意义(t=8.38,P<0.05)。结论研究组学员对于快速评估转盘在出血评估技术工作坊的应用满意度较高,认为能显著提高对出血量的评估效率及液体复苏的掌握率,有一定的临床推广价值。

中医适宜技术在骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者快速康复的应用研究

目的观察中医适宜技术在骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者快速康复中的应用,为中医特色护理提供一定参考。方法本次研究对骨外科接受手术治疗的120例骨折患者进行观察,顺利完成手术,术后“四诊”辨证分型,确定“气虚血瘀证”。随后使用红与绿随机摸球的方式,将患者分入2个临床组别。对照组60例,予以系统护理;在此基础上,观察组60例,予以中医适宜技术。术前及术后1周对视觉模拟评分(VAS)、匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估,对比2组术后胃肠功能恢复及并发症。结果干预后2组VAS评分、PSQI评分、SAS评分和SDS评分低于干预前(P<0.05);干预后观察组VAS评分、PSQI评分、SAS评分和SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组的首次排气时间、首次排便时间、首次进食时间和住院时间高于观察组,有统计意义(P<0.05)。对照组的总并发症率15.00%高于观察组3.33%,有统计意义(P<0.05)。结论中医适宜技术对于骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者具有快速康复的效果,有助于缩短恢复时间,提高睡眠质量和情绪状态,减轻术后疼痛及并发症。

基于边缘计算的施工大气污染感知技术

当前建筑行业在倡导节能减排和绿色施工的背景下,施工现场的大气污染物快速感知系统建设不断推进,为提高施工建设过程中对于现场环境监测的管理力量,通过结合BIM与IoT的技术特点,提出了基于边缘计算的施工大气污染物快速感知系统,对边缘计算功能进行了开发,实现了边缘网关多协议接入和转换、数据预处理与计算等功能,提升了系统快速感知能力。

噬菌体Pu29特性分析及其在沙门氏菌磁分离富集中的应用

以1株鸡白痢沙门氏菌噬菌体Pu29为研究对象,全面分析其生物学及基因组特性,将其作为识别元件,建立基于噬菌体Pu29的沙门氏菌磁分离富集技术。该噬菌体属于轮状病毒属(Roufvirus),具有二十面体的头部和不可收缩的长尾部。Pu29具有较宽的宿主谱,15min时对宿主细胞的吸附率为88.67%,潜伏期为30min,裂解期为180 min,裂解量为115.74 PFU/cell。同时Pu29具有较好的耐热性(30~60℃)和pH值耐受性(pH 4~11)。Pu29基因组由45715bp(GC含量46.08%)和81个开放阅读框组成,包括18个具有已知功能的阅读框,不携带编码毒性或抗性因子的基因。通过酰胺反应将噬菌体Pu29与羧基化的纳米磁珠偶联制备探针PhagePu29-MBs。使用25μg探针与沙门氏菌在37℃孵育20min时,对沙门氏菌的捕获效率最高可达到83.93%,最低捕获细菌浓度为45CFU/mL。采用透射电镜观察到PhagePu29-MBs能够特异性地捕获沙门氏菌。在加标样品中,PhagePu29-MBs分离富集沙门氏菌的捕获效率最高能达到92.92%。该方法分离富集沙门氏菌的时间大约为30min。因此,本研究基于噬菌体Pu29建立了一种快速、特异性强的沙门氏菌磁分离方法,可为基于噬菌体快速分离富集食源性病原菌奠定研究基础。

粮食质量安全快速检测标准体系与技术研究进展

简述了我国粮食质量安全快速检测标准体系的现状、存在的问题和发展趋势,以及检测技术的发展现状。未来的粮食质量安全快速检测技术将在高通量快速检测、视觉化定量检测和智能成套化检测方面高速发展,这对于快速筛查病原与污染物、提高检测效率、降低检测成本、促进粮食产业发展和维护公共健康等具有重要作用。同时,对于完善粮食质量安全快速检测标准体系而言,快速检测技术必将给粮食质量安全的监测体系提供强有力的支撑,不仅能够保障消费者的饮食健康,还能提升我国粮食管理的整体水平,促进粮食产业的发展并提高国际竞争力。

瓶内处理技术结合快速LC-MS提高利培酮血药浓度测定效率

目的 评估“瓶内处理”(Bottle-in)技术结合快速LC-MS的方法学特性,并验证其对治疗药物监测技术自动化和标准化的促进作用。方法 选择利培酮及其主要代谢物9-羟利培酮作为研究对象,针对两种血样前处理技术——Bottle-in技术与实验室现行的常规处理(RP)技术,建立并验证相应的LC-MS检测方法。实验设计遵循CLSI EP9-A3指南,对60例服用利培酮的患者血液样本应用两种方法进行利培酮和9-羟利培酮浓度的测定,并记录样本的报告时间。采用Spearman相关性分析、Passing-Bablok回归分析、Bland-Altman一致性检验以及医学决定水平(MDL)预期偏倚分析,对两种方法的检测结果进行相关性和差异性评价。结果 两种前处理技术下的LC-MS方法在测定利培酮和9-羟利培酮血药浓度时,均满足方法学验证的标准。在60例患者的样本中,两组结果均未出现异常值,显示出强烈的相关性(P<0.01)。Passing-Bablok回归模型显示了良好的线性关系。Bland-Altman一致性检验结果表明,两者具有高度一致性。MDL预期偏倚分析进一步证实,两种检测方法的结果未出现显著性偏倚,预期偏倚值(Bc)均在可接受的偏倚限值范围内。Bottle-in技术较RP技术在前处理时间上可节约66.67%,结合快速LC-MS技术对12例患者样本进行检测,全流程检出时间上Bottle-in组较RP组能缩短12.50%的时长。结论 Bottle-in技术凭借其高效的前处理方式,提高了药物监测技术自动化和标准化,可作为替代RP技术的一种有效方法,成为现代临床药学监测中的一项重要进展。

基于高光谱成像技术烟叶田间高效氯氟氰菊酯用量的快速检测技术研究

为了能够有效预防烟叶田间用药过量所产生的农药残留危害,加强烟叶生产过程中的农药用量管控,研究了不同用量高效氯氟氰菊酯处理下的田间鲜烟叶高光谱曲线特征并构建了预测模型。应用可见—近红外高光谱成像系统(400~900 nm)采集不同浓度(CK、1∶2000,1∶1000,1∶350)的高效氯氟氰菊酯处理24 h后的鲜烟叶样本的高光谱图像。使用4种常用的光谱预处理方法进行数据预处理,分别采用连续投影法(SPA)、竞争性自适应重加权采样法(CARS)进行数据降维,最后分别构建了最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)和随机森林(RF)模型预测模型。结果表明:(1)光谱数据经二阶导数(D2)预处理后,LSSVM和RF模型的准确率均达到100%,经一阶导数(D1)预处理后,RF测试集准确率也达到100%;(2)SPA特征选择数量少于CARS,其中D1预处理后经SPA特征选择的波长数量最少;(3)综合考虑模型复杂度和稳定性,最终选择D1-SPA-RF为最优预测模型,选择11个特征波长,测试集准确率为97.70%。基于高光谱图像的D1-SPA-RF模型预测性能优异,可用于烟叶田间高效氯氟氰菊酯用量的快速检测。

常见食源性病原菌的快速检测技术研究进展

食源性病原菌广泛存在于自然环境中,可通过肉类、海产品、奶制品等多种媒介传播,引起食源性疾病的发生。目前检测食源性病原菌的方法主要以平板培养辅以生化鉴定和血清型鉴定为主,检测的周期较长,效率较低,因此建立快速、精准的食源性病原菌检测方法对常见病原菌的现场检测及疾病的快速诊断尤为重要。本文对近年来常见食源性病原菌的快速检测方法进行了概述,主要包括免疫学检测手段、分子生物学检测方法和生物传感器检测技术,比较其优缺点,着重介绍了可以实现现场检测与实时检测的新兴技术:核酸-微流控检测技术,以期为常见食源性病原菌的预防与检测提供相关理论参考。

激光散射法微生物快速培养系统临床应用专家共识

激光散射法微生物快速培养系统是一种新型微生物培养系统,可提高培养敏感性并大幅加快病原菌的检出速度。为了探究激光散射法微生物快速培养系统的临床应用价值,针对阳性血培养物、尿液、无菌体液样本,分析该系统在病原微生物快速培养、鉴定和药敏中的检测流程、影响因素以及临床应用情况,中国医学装备协会检验医学分会组织相关专家组成专家组,经进行讨论指导后最终形成“激光散射法微生物快速培养系统临床应用专家共识”,以促进激光散射法微生物快速培养系统在临床中的科学合理应用。