Strong hetero-interface interaction in 2D/2D WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures for highly-efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation

Green hydrogen is urgently required for sustainable development of human beings and rational construction of heterostructures holds great promising for photocatalytic hydrogen generation.Herein,2D/2D WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures with strong hetero-interface interaction and abundant contact were constructed via an impregnation-annealing strategy.Efficient charge transfer from ZnIn_(2)S_(4) to WSe_(2)was evidenced by transient absorption spectroscopy in crafted heterostructures owing to the tight and2D face-to-face contact.As a result,the prepared WSe_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4) heterostructures exhibited boosted photocatalytic performance and a highest hydrogen evolution rate of 3.377 mmol/(g h)was achieved with an apparent quantum yield of 45.7%at 420 nm.The work not only provides new strategies to achieve efficient 2D/2D heterostructures but also paves the way for the development of green hydrogen in the future.

盆底2D/4D超声在老年女性盆腔脏器脱垂诊断中的价值研究

目的:探讨盆底2D/4D超声在老年女性盆腔脏器脱垂(POP)诊断中的应用价值。方法:选取2020年1—12月郑州市妇幼保健院确诊的64例老年女性POP患者作为研究组,另选取同期医院体检的64例健康老年女性作为健康对照组,均接受盆底2D/4D超声检查,比较两组受试者超声检查参数,分析各参数对老年女性POP的诊断价值。结果:研究组患者的膀胱颈移动长度(Mu)、尿道膀胱后角(Ar、As)、膀胱颈至耻骨联合中点间的距离值(Br、Bs)、膀胱颈旋转角度(θ)值均显著高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.309、4.855、5.053、6.449、6.364、6.524,P<0.05)。研究组患者静息状态、缩肛状态、Valsava运动时的肛提肌前后径、横径、面积均显著大于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.632、 9.467、 22.657,P<0.05)。盆底2D超声对老年女性POP的诊断准确性为69.5%,特异性为73.4%,灵敏性为65.6%,阳性预测值为71.2%,阴性预测值为68.1%;盆底4D超声对老年女性POP的诊断准确性为78.1%,特异性为81.2%,灵敏性为75.0%,阳性预测值为80.0%,阴性预测值为76.5%。盆底2D/4D超声对老年女性POP的诊断准确性为94.5%,特异性为93.8%,灵敏性为95.3%,阳性预测值为93.8%,阴性预测值为95.2%。结论:盆底2D/4D超声可清晰显示老年女性POP患者的盆底结构,为老年女性POP诊断、手术方案确定及预后评估提供直观的影像学依据。

川党参的化学成分及其与磷酸二酯酶4D2的分子对接研究

采用硅胶柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶以及反相高效液相色谱法等对川党参的乙酸乙酯和石油醚部位进行分离纯化,并通过^(1)H NMR和^(13)C NMR等波谱技术进行结构鉴定.利用Sybyl X 2.1.1软件,以Total score值为评价标准,评价川党参化学成分与磷酸二酯酶4D2(PDE4D2)的结合作用.利用Pymol和Discovery Studio 2017 R2 Client软件分析PDE4D2与化合物之间的相互作用力.结果从乙酸乙酯和石油醚部位分离出12个化合物,分别鉴定为mangnostellin D(1)、(7S,8S)-3-methoxy-3',7-epoxy-8,4'-oxyneoligna-4,9,9,'-triol(2)、isolariciresinol(3)、curcasinlignan B(4)、(4E,12Z)-threo-tetradeca-4,12-diene-8,10-diyne-1,6,7,14-tetraol(5)、(-)-(7R,8S,7'E)-3',4-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-8,4'-oxyneoligna-7'-ene-7,9,9'-triol(6)、tetradeca-4E,8E,12E-triene-10-yne-1,6,7-triol(7)、lobetyol(8)、1-α-linoleoylglycerol(9)、glycerol 1-(9,12,15-octadecatrienoate)(10)、3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基-苯丙酮(11)、syringic acid ethyl ester(12);其中化合物1、4、10、11和12为首次从该植物中分离得到;分子对接结果表明化合物1、2、5和化合物6与PDE4D2有较好的结合活性.

Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and testosterone in men

Aim: To investigate the relationship between 2D:4D and testosterone in men attending an infertility clinic and men drawn from the general population. Methods: Data on 2D:4D and testosterone from two samples were collected: (1) 43 men attending an infertility clinic, and (2) 51 men drawn from the general population without regard to fertility. Results: In sample (1) there were negative associations between 2D:4D and testicular function, and men with lower 2D:4D in their right compared to left hand had higher testosterone levels than men with higher 2D:4D in their right compared to left hand. Sample (2) showed no significant associations between 2D:4D or side differences in 2E>:4D and testosterone. Conclusion: Adult levels of testosterone may be related to aspects of 2D:4D in samples which contain men with compromised testicular function, but not in men from normative samples. Associations between 2D:4D and fertility-associated traits probably arise from early organisational effects of testosterone rather than from activational effects of current testosterone.

盆底2D/4D超声在女性前盆腔功能障碍性疾病诊断中的应用价值

目的:探究盆底二维(2D)/四维(4D)超声在女性前盆腔功能障碍性疾病诊断中的应用价值。方法:选择2019年7月-2021年9月于我院行盆底超声检查的100例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行盆底2D/4D超声检查。对比两种超声检查下静息状态下、最大Valsalva动作下肛提肌盆底超声参数,分析两种超声检查的诊断价值,并计算一致性。结果:盆底2D超声及盆底4D超声检查在静息状态下、最大Valsalva动作下裂孔横径、裂孔面积、裂孔纵径、肛提肌夹角对比中,均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。盆底4D超声在前盆腔功能障碍性疾病诊断中诊断价值均高于盆底2D超声(P<0.05)。kappa检验显示:盆底2D超声检查一致性尚可(kappa值=0.535,P=0.000);盆底4D超声检查一致性良好(kappa值=0.891,P=0.000)。结论:相比于盆腔2D超声检查,盆腔4D超声在女性前盆腔功能障碍性疾病诊断中应用价值较高,可在动态图像下观察盆腔情况,为临床诊疗提供可靠的参考,值得推广应用。

Comparison of 2D and 4D Flow MRI Measurements for Hemodynamic Evaluation of the Fontan Palliation

Background:The assessment of Fontan circuit’sflow is traditionally evaluated by multiple through-plane phase-contrast MRI acquisitions(2Dflow),while recently,a single volumetric 4D-flow MRI acquisition is emerging as a comprehensive tool for the hemodynamic evaluation in congenital heart diseases.Purpose:To compare 2D and 4D-flow MRI measurements in patients after Fontan palliation and to evaluate parameters affecting potential dis-agreement.Methods:39 patients after Fontan palliation(23 males,age 22±11 years)who underwent cardiac MRI with 2D and 4D-flow MRI acquisition were included in the study.In all patients,bloodflow quantification in the Fontan circuit and aorta by 2Dflow and by 4Dflow MRI acquisition blinding to the 2D results was per-formed.The agreement between 2D and 4D-flow MRI was calculated as the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The mean absolute differences between 4D and 2Dflows were analyzed using linear regression models.Results:4D-flow MRI acquisition time was slightly lower than 2D(7.6±1.8 min vs.9.4±3.3 min,p=0.03).Flow was slightly predominant in the right pulmonary artery(58%of total pulmonaryflow).Conduit/tunnel-pul-monary arteriesflow accounted for 60%of the Fontan circuit.Agreement between 2D and 4D was overall good-to-excellent from ICC:0.81795%CI:0.637–0.907 to 0.93295%CI:0.866–0.965.There was no significant influ-ence of evaluated parameters on the agreement on 4D and 2Dflow.Conclusions:4D-flow MRI represents a valid tool in Fontan’sflow quantification.Further larger studies are needed to confirm our results and to evaluate the impact of advanced 4D-flow MRI parameters on the prognostic stratification in patients after Fontan palliation.

Photocatalytic seawater splitting by 2D heterostructure of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3) decorated with plasmonic Au for hydrogen evolution under visible light

Photocatalytic H_(2) evolution from seawater splitting presents a promising approach to tackle the fossil energy crisis and mitigate carbon emission due to the abundant source of seawater and sunlight on the earth.However,the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting remains a formidable challenge.Herein,a 2D/2D ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/WO_(3)(ZIS/WO_(3))heterojunction nanostructure is fabricated to efficiently separate the photoinduced carriers by steering electron transfer from the conduction band minimum of WO_(3) to the valence band maximum of ZIS via constructing internal electric field.Subsequently,plasmonic Au nanoparticles(NPs)as a novel photosensitizer and a reduction cocatalyst are anchored on ZIS/WO_(3) surface to further enhance the optical absorption of ZIS/WO_(3) heterojunction and accelerate the catalytic conversion.The obtained Au/ZIS/WO_(3) photocatalyst exhibits an outstanding H_(2) evolution rate of 2610.6 or 3566.3μmol g^(-1)h~(-1)from seawater splitting under visible or full-spectrum light irradiation,respectively.These rates represent an impressive increase of approximately 7.3-and 6,6-fold compared to those of ZIS under the illumination of the same light source.The unique 2D/2D structure,internal electric field,and plasmonic metal modification together boost the photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of Au/ZIS/WO_(3),making it even comparable to H_(2) evolution from pure water splitting.The present work sheds light on the development of efficient photocatalysts for seawater splitting.

Z型异质结1D/2D g-C_(3)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)的构建及可见光催化降解甲基橙

以三聚氰胺和3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑为原料,通过直接热聚合法制备1D/2D g-C_(3)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)异质结光催化材料。通过XRD,XPS,SEM等表征手段对光催化材料的晶型、化学组成、形貌以及光电化学性质等进行表征。以甲基橙(MO)为目标污染物,500 W氙灯作为可见光光源,研究1D/2D g-C_(3)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)异质结光催化材料的光催化活性,同时通过活性物质捕捉实验和电子顺磁共振波谱(e1ectron spin resonance,ESR)表征研究体系的活性物质。结果表明:一维g-C_(3)N_(5)纳米棒和二维g-C_(3)N_(4)纳米片的无序堆叠增加了活性位点的数量,g-C_(3)N_(5)与g-C_(3)N_(4)之间Z型异质结的形成,提高其对可见光的吸收强度和光谱范围,抑制了光电子-空穴的复合,g-C_(3)N_(5)与g-C_(3)N_(4)相似的π-π^(*)共轭体系的相互叠加降低了电荷转移的传质阻力,提高了其光催化活性。可见光照射30 min,20 mg的1D/2D g-C_(3)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化材料对50 mL浓度为10 mg/L的MO溶液几乎降解完全,反应的表观速率常数为0.14836 min^(-1),循环使用5次后,1D/2D g-C_(3)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化材料对MO的光催化降解率为92.2%,这说明其具有良好的稳定性。活性物质捕捉实验和ESR表征表明:1D/2D g-C_(2)N_(5)/g-C_(3)N_(4)光催化材料光催化降解MO体系的主要活性物质是·O_(2)^(-)和h^(+),且MO的光催化降解反应是一个复杂的断键和氧化过程。

血清Sestrin2及sSema4D水平对冠状动脉慢血流现象的预测作用

目的分析血清应激诱导蛋白2(Sestrin2)及可溶性信号素4d(sSema4D)水平与冠状动脉慢血流现象(CSFP)的关系及其预测CSFP的价值。方法选取2020年2月—2022年11月赤峰学院附属医院心内科行冠状动脉造影检查未见明显病变但存在CSFP的患者40例为CSFP组,无冠状动脉狭窄和无CSFP的患者40例为非CSFP组。所有患者均行心肌梗死溶栓试验(TIMI),检测血清Sestrin2及sSema4D水平,Pearson分析血清Sestrin2、sSema4D与TIMI的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析影响CSFP发生的危险因素,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清Sestrin2及sSema4D预测CSFP的价值。结果CSFP组血清Sestrin2、sSema4D水平均高于非CSFP组(t/P=21.058/<0.001、22.299/<0.001)。CSFP组平均TIMI帧数高于非CSFP组(t/P=15.140/<0.001),TIMI血流分级≤2级比例高于非CSFP组(Z/P=80.000/<0.001)。CSFP组血清Sestrin2、sSema4D水平均与平均TIMI帧数呈正相关(r/P=0.442/<0.001、0.316/<0.001)。男性、血管疾病、高Sestrin2、高sSema4D是CSFP的危险因素[OR(95%CI)=2.784(1.386~5.594)、2.038(1.086~3.823)、1.702(1.113~2.605)、1.531(1.070~2.192)];血清Sestrin2、sSema4D单独及二者联合预测CSFP的AUC分别为0.707、0.753、0.873,二者联合优于各自单独预测价值(Z/P=3.047/<0.001、2.402/0.012)。结论CSFP患者血清Sestrin2、sSema4D水平均增高,且与TIMI分级增加和CSFP的发生有关。

The relationship between the ratio of second fingers to fourth fingers （2D：4D） and the inheritance of athletic ability

This paper summarizes the ratio of 2D and 4D to the inheritance of athletic ability： 2D： 4D has been stereotypes before birth, and the mother＇s uterus testosterone concentration there is a negative correlation between the relationship, Testosterone concentration affects the development of the right hemisphere and spatial visual ability of the brain, thus affecting athletic ability. The mitochondrial genome （mtDNA） polymorphism is directly related to motor activity and has a high maternal genetic trait. Athlete mothers have higher testosterone, and their children have athletic advantages. 2D： 4D and mtDNA have good genetic markers, which are of great significance and prospect for the study of their inheritance of motor ability.

雄激素受体基因CAG、GGN重复片段多态性与指长比(2D∶4D)的关联性

目的探讨雄激素受体(AR)基因CAG、GGN重复片段多态性与指长比之间的关联性。方法研究对象来自宁夏医科大学2011级健康学生共685例,男性294例,平均年龄(20.02±1.28)岁,女性391例,平均年龄(19.25±1.55)岁。用ABI 3730XL测序仪测定AR基因的(CAG)n及(GGN)n重复数目,照片打好点后用电子游标卡尺对指长比进行测定。2D∶4D经均值±2标准差筛选,用独立样本t检验检测2D∶4D在男性与女性个体中的分布差异。用四分位法筛选出较低(Q1)与较高(Q3)2D∶4D。用相关分析检验AR基因中CAG和GGN两个多态性位点与2D∶4D的关联性。结果女性右手、左手及左右手平均2D∶4D均高于男性(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.01),但DR-L2D∶4D的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。AR CAG/GGN重复多态性与男性右手及左手2D∶4D无关联性(P>0.05),但CAG重复多态性与Q1 DR-L及Q3平均2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.280,P<0.05,r=0.274,P<0.05)。女性较短CAG等位基因与Q3平均2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.337,P<0.05),女性较长CAG等位基因与Q3右手及DR-L2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.238,P<0.05;r=0.175,P<0.05),女性平均CAG等位基因与Q3平均2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.236,P<0.05)。女性较长GGN等位基因与女性右手2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.204,P<0.05),女性平均GGN等位基因与Q3平均2D∶4D存在关联性(r=0.225,P<0.05)。结论 AR基因CAG与GGN重复片段多态性可能与指长比存在关联性,联合运用四分位法与相关分析可能是揭示AR多态性与指长比关联性的一种更好的方法。

经会阴2D结合4D超声对女性产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的评价

目的:评价经会阴2D结合4D超声对女性产后盆底功能障碍性疾病的价值,为临床提供科学的理论参考。方法:选取2019年6月—2020年5月我院收治的100例女性盆底功能障碍性疾病患者作为研究对象,将其视为观察组。另纳入同期接受体检,结果显示盆底正常的100例女性视为对照组。比较两组经会阴超声检查各指标,分析2D、4D、2D联合4D的诊断效能。结果:在各检查指标方面,观察组均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2D联合4D检查的准确性、敏感度、特异度分别为92.00%(92/100)、93.10%(54/58)、90.48%(38/42),均显著高于各单项检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经会阴2D结合4D超声用于女性产生盆底功能障碍性疾病的诊断,能够通过检测各指标清晰地观察盆底结构,具有较高的诊断效能,值得临床推广及应用。

(4d+1)-正则图中的2d-因子

设d是一个正整数 ,G是一个 (4d +1 ) -正则图 .证明了若图G不含d +4条割边 ,则G有2d 因子 .进而说明上述结果是最好的 .

The association and underlying mechanism of the digit ratio(2D:4D)in hypospadias

The second-to-fourth digit(2D:4D)ratio is thought to be associated with prenatal androgen exposure.However,the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and hypospadias is poorly understood,and its molecular mechanism is not clear.In this study,by analyzing the hand digit length of 142 boys with hypospadias(23 distal,68 middle,and 51 proximal)and 196 controls enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Hospital(Shanghai,China)from December 2020 to December 2021,we found that the 2D:4D ratio was significantly increased in boys with hypospadias(P<0.001)and it was positively correlated with the severity of the hypospadias.This was further verified by the comparison of control mice and prenatal low testosterone mice model obtained by knocking out the risk gene(dynein axonemal heavy chain 8[DNAH8])associated with hypospadias.Furthermore,the discrepancy was mainly caused by a shift in 4D.Proteomic characterization of a mouse model validated that low testosterone levels during pregnancy can impair the growth and development of 4D.Comprehensive mechanistic explorations revealed that during the androgen-sensitive window,the downregulation of the androgen receptor(AR)caused by low testosterone levels,as well as the suppressed expression of chondrocyte proliferation-related genes such as Wnt family member 5a(Wnt5a),Wnt5b,Smad family member 2(Smad2),and Smad3;mitochondrial function-related genes in cartilage such as AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and nuclear respiratory factor 1(Nrf-1);and vascular development-related genes such as myosin light chain(MLC),notch receptor 3(Notch3),and sphingosine kinase 1(Sphk1),are responsible for the limitation of 4D growth,which results in a higher 2D:4D ratio in boys with hypospadias via decreased endochondral ossification.This study indicates that the ratio of 2D:4D is a risk marker of hypospadias and provides a potential molecular mechanism.

指长比(2D∶4D)与精神分裂症关系的Meta分析

目的分析指长比(2D∶4D)与精神分裂症之间的关系。方法检索国内外数据库,收集自开库以来公开发表的2D∶4D与精神分裂症间关系的病例-对照研究文献,采用RevMan 5.3软件对筛选纳入的9项研究中相关数据进行Meta分析。纳入文献间统计学异质性的评估,以漏斗图评估纳入文献的发表偏倚。结果精神分裂症患者男性右手2D∶4D高于健康对照组(SMD=0.22,95%CI=0.02~0.42,P=0.03);男性左手(SMD=-0.17,95%CI=-0.46~0.12,P=0.25)、女性左手(SMD=0.06,95%CI=-0.21~0.32,P=0.69)、女性右手(SMD=0.09,95%CI=-0.17~0.34,P=0.51)的2D∶4D在精神分裂症与对照组间差异均无统计学意义。结论右手2D∶4D与男性精神分裂症相关;未发现男性左手、女性双手的2D∶4D与该病存在关联。

2D 2.5D 3D以及4D之间的差异

２Ｄ２．５Ｄ３Ｄ以及４Ｄ之间的差异［美国］Ａ．ＫｅｉｔｈＴｕｒｎｅｒ有人提议，一名研究地理学的地质学家也应该是一名化学家，其实，许多地质学家和化学家具有共同的特征：也就是他们都对自己的标本的化学组成感兴趣。地质学家尤其对他们的样本所在的位置感兴趣，样...

手指比值(2D∶4D)与精神分裂症的关系研究

目的探究食指和无名指长度的比值(2D∶4D)在精神分裂症患者和健康人群中的差异,并分析精神分裂症患者手指比值(2D∶4D)与精神症状的相关性。方法选取2019年7月至2020年8月芜湖市第四人民医院收治的136名精神分裂症患者作为患者组,同期招募在该医院工作、学习及就诊患者家属148名健康人群作为对照组,利用Adobe Photoshop CC 19.1.3软件对两组被试者的手指照片进行测量,并采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)对精神分裂症患者的精神症状进行评定。比较两组被试者间手指比值的差异,采用Pearson相关分析患者组手指比值与精神症状的关联性。结果患者组右手的2D∶4D比值小于对照组;在不同性别中,患者组男性左右手的2D∶4D比值均大于对照组,患者组女性左右手的2D∶4D比值均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组右手的2D∶4D比值大于左手,其中男性左右手的2D∶4D比值小于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而患者组左右手的2D∶4D比值,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者的左右手的2D∶4D比值与PANSS总分及各症状因子得分均不存在相关性(P>0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者的2D∶4D比值与其精神症状不存在相关性,但是存在异于健康人群的2D∶4D比值,这可能是精神分裂症的一个提示。

Development of Bioimplants with 2D, 3D, and 4D Additive Manufacturing Materials

Over the past 30 years,additive manufacturing(AM)has developed rapidly and has demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications.AM is a materials-oriented manufacturing technology,since the solidification mechanism,architecture resolution,post-treatment process,and functional application are based on the materials to be printed.However,3D printable materials are still quite limited for the fabrication of bioimplants.In this work.2D/3D AM materials for bioimplants are reviewed.Furthermore,inspired by Tai Chi,a simple yet novel soft/rigid hybrid 4D AM concept is advanced to develop complex and dynamic biological structures in the human body based on 4D printing hybrid ceramic precursor/ceramic materials that were previously developed by our group.With the development of multi-material printing technology,the development of bioimplants and soft/rigid hybrid biological structures with 2D/3D/4D AM materials can be anticipated.

2D：4D与文理科思维的相关性的调查

旨在考察人的2D：4D与文理科思维是否相关，通过对来自广东不同学校的352名学生问卷和测量，并对数据信息进行相关性分析和回归分析，发现中学生的手指比率与文理科思维不存在显著的相关关系，而大学生则存在显著相关；经过总体统计，发现手指比率文理科思维也存在显著的相关性。

半滑舌鳎Cs-UBE2D4基因的克隆、表达模式及启动子活性

泛素-蛋白酶体系统作为重要的蛋白质修饰途径,参与多个生物学过程,其中泛素结合酶E2作为关键酶可以决定泛素化对靶蛋白的影响。为了探究泛素结合酶E2在半滑舌鳎雌性性腺发育中的作用,本研究克隆了半滑舌鳎Cs-UBE2D4基因的开放阅读框ORF,检测了该基因在不同组织和不同发育阶段性腺中的表达模式;构建了其启动子报告基因载体(pGL3-Cs-UBE2D4)并进行了启动子活性分析。Cs-UBE2D4开放阅读框为360 bp,编码119个氨基酸,含有保守的泛素结合酶E2结构域。荧光定量PCR结果显示,Cs-UBE2D4在雌鱼的各组织中广泛表达,其中在卵巢和肝脏中表达量较高,而在雄鱼中几乎检测不到表达;在卵巢各发育阶段中,该基因的表达量从90日龄开始上调,6月龄达到峰值,之后开始下调,在1.5龄时表达量最低,在3龄时表达量有所回升,其中6月龄表达量为90日龄表达量的1.97倍。双荧光素酶活性检测结果显示,Cs-UBE2D4启动子具有较强的转录活性。本实验将为进一步开展Cs-UBE2D4基因对半滑舌鳎卵巢发育和性别调控相关机制的研究提供理论依据。