Experimental research on shear carrying capacity of H-steel concrete composite beam with small shear span ratio

In order to investigate shear carrying capacity of H-steel concrete beam with small shear span ratio,shear test on 5 H-steel concrete composite beams with small span ratio (from 0.7 to 1.1) are reported,including test design,test scheme,test method,failure characteristics and test results. Influences of shear span ratio,web of H steel and concrete on shear carrying capacity of this kind of beam are investigated. The main components comprising shear bearing capacity are analyzed. The results show that with the shear span ratio increasing,the contribution of web of H steel and concrete on shear carrying capacity decrease. Based on test data,the calculation formula of shear carrying capacity for this beam is established by curve fitting.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Flexural Behavior of Recycled Concrete Beams Reinforced with GFRP Bars

This paper experimentally investigated the flexural behavior of reinforced recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)beams reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer(GFRP)bars.A total of twelve beams were built and tested up to failure under four-point bending.The main parameters were reinforcement ratio(0.38%,0.60%,and 1.17%),recycled aggregate replacement ratio(R=0,50%,and 100%)and longitudinal reinforcement types(GFRP and steel).The flexural capacity,failure modes,flexibility deformation,reinforcement strains and crack distribution of the tested beams were investigated and compared with the calculation models of American code ACI 440.1-R-15,Canadian code CSA S806-12 and ISIS-M03-07.The tested results indicated that the reinforcement ratio has great influence on the ultimate load,crack width and deflection of GFRP-RAC beams,the recycled aggregate replacement ratio has little influence on it.However,it was found that the reinforcement ratio has no obvious influence on the cracking load which was only related to the recycled aggregate replacement ratio.The average cracking load decreased by 5%and 15%as the recycled aggregate replacement ratio increased from 0 to 50%and 100%.For the steel-RAC beams,the ultimate load was found to be about 1/2 of the ultimate load of GFRP-RAC beam under the same condition and the trend of strain,deflection and crack width were different from GFRP-RAC beams.This is due to the different material properties of GFRP bars and steel rebar.On the other hand,the calculation results showed that ACI 440.1-R-15 and CSA S806-12 underestimated the ultimate load of GFRP-RAC beams.Moreover,the deflection prediction of GFRP-RAC beams by CSA S806-12 is relatively accurate compared with ACI 440.1-R-15 and ISIS-M03-07.As for the prediction of crack width,the results of ACI 440.1-R-15 prediction were in good agreement with the experimental results at the ultimate load,with the average value of 1.09±0.28.

Control of Progressive Collapse of the Structure Using Shear Wall

The vulnerability of reinforced concrete(RC)building systems to progres­sive collapse has turned out to be a challenging trouble for professional structural engineers so as to prevent total failure on account of nearby dam­age.The goal of this paper is to enhance the knowledge of such buildings’behavior underneath several scenarios of misplaced columns at different floor stages,and their capacity for progressive collapse.The homes had been analyzed following the guidelines for progressive collapse evalua­tion and design organized by means of the general services administration guidelines(GSA).The progressive collapse of a ten story structure sub­jected to a simplest gravity load is taken into consideration and the column has been eliminated at one place and the spread damage is evaluated.The progressive collapse study has been carried out by way of removing the column at a diagnosed crucial locations(at corner,middle and at interi­or)as in line with GSA guidelines.Static analysis is done using analysis program ETABS.For each case,the consequences were taken in terms of demand capacity ratio(DCR)at critical section,and as a result the structure has been assessed for it’s susceptible to progressive collapse.The availabil­ity of shear wall is made on the component wherein collapse occurred and DCR values are mentioned.After imparting the shear wall to the structure,the progressive collapse of the structure because of accidental load may be controlled in order that the GSA guidelines recommended DCR value would be within the range.

Experimental Shear Study on Reinforced High Strength Concrete Beams Made Using Blended Cement

With the increased application of High Strength Concrete(HSC)in construction and lack of proper guidelines for structural design in India,behavioral study of high strength concrete is an important aspect of research.Research on the behavior of HSC reinforced beams with concrete strength more than 60 MPa has been carried out in the past and is still continuing to understand the structural behavior of HSC beams.Along with the many benefits of the high strength concrete,the more brittle behavior is of concern which leads to sudden failure.This paper presents the behavior of reinforced HSC beams in shear with considering the effects of various factors like shear reinforcement ratio,longitudinal reinforcement ratio,l/d ratio(length to depth ratio),etc.Ten numbers Reinforced Concrete Beams of various sizes using concrete mix with three different w/c ratios(0.46,0.26 and 0.21)were cast for shear strength assessment.The beams were tested in simply supported condition over two fixed steel pedestals with load rate of 0.2 mm/minute in displacement control.Mid-point deflection was measured using LVDT.A comparative analysis of theoretical approaches of Euro code,extension of current IS code up to M90 and the experimental data was done to understand the behavior of beams.Shear capacities of beams without any factors of safety were used to assess the actual capacities and then was compared with the experimental capacity obtained.Results of this study can be used in the design of high strength concrete and will be more reliable in Indian continent as the regional materials and exposure conditions were considered.

GFRP筋再生混凝土梁受弯承载力研究

为研究GFRP筋再生混凝土梁(GFRP-RAC)的受弯承载力,完成了5根配GFRP筋、1根配BFRP筋和1根配钢筋的再生混凝土梁抗弯试验,分析了不同再生骨料取代率、纵筋类型以及纵筋配筋率等因素对各试验梁开裂荷载和极限承载力的影响。结果表明:再生骨料取代率对开裂荷载的影响较大,而纵筋类型及纵筋配筋率对其影响不明显;当再生骨料取代率由0增加至50%和100%时,试验梁开裂荷载分别减小了7.9%和17.3%;极限承载力受再生骨料取代率影响较小而受纵筋配筋率影响较大,当GFRP-RAC梁纵筋配筋率由0.38%提高至0.6%和1.17%时,极限荷载分别提升了17.9%和52.5%。另外,结合国内外规范对GFRP-RAC梁的受弯承载力进行对比分析,并基于试验数据和相关试验结果的回归分析,得到开裂荷载修正系数αcr,开裂荷载修正后的计算值与试验值吻合较好。

嵌入式H型钢梁柱节点受力性能研究

为解决传统标准梁柱节点施工复杂、节点强度低等一系列问题,提出一种嵌入式H型钢梁柱节点结构形式,并设计4个梁柱节点试件(1个标准现浇梁柱节点试件,3个嵌入式H型钢梁柱节点试件)进行试验研究,设置型钢翼缘宽度、剪跨比为主要参数,对4个试件的破坏形态、承载力、变形能力进行对比分析。结果表明:嵌入式H型钢梁柱节点试件的节点核心区柱端混凝土裂缝较少,裂缝分布和破坏位置基本上发生于梁端,充分满足了“强柱弱梁”的设计要求;相较于标准现浇梁柱节点试件,嵌入式H型钢梁柱节点试件峰值承载力、极限承载力、变形能力均显著提高,当型钢翼缘加宽时,试件峰值承载力和极限承载力提升较为有限,当剪跨比大于2.7时,承载力将会明显降低。

不同配筋率下钢筋混凝土板柱节点抗冲切承载力试验研究

为研究纵筋配筋率对普通钢筋混凝土板柱节点抗冲切承载力的影响,制作了4个配筋率分别为0.3%、0.7%、1.2%及1.8%的无腹筋板柱中节点并进行冲切试验,试验结果表明:随着配筋率的增加,板柱节点的初始刚度和极限承载力明显增加,试件的延性降低,破坏模式由弯曲破坏逐渐向冲切破坏转变;收集并整理了国内外269个板柱节点冲切试验的数据,通过与采用中国规范、美国规范、欧洲规范和日本规范抗冲切承载力计算公式计算结果的对比分析,进一步说明了在冲切承载力计算公式中考虑纵筋配筋率的必要性;通过对试验数据的回归分析,考虑包含纵筋配筋率在内的主要影响因素,建立了适用于钢筋混凝土无腹筋板柱抗冲切承载力的计算公式。

混合联肢PEC墙结构简化力学分析模型及承载力计算

为克服钢筋混凝土墙肢底部易发生脆性破坏的缺点,提高联肢剪力墙结构的抗震性能,采用PEC剪力墙肢代替混合联肢剪力墙结构中的钢筋混凝土剪力墙肢,形成新型混合联肢PEC墙结构.通过改变钢连梁截面尺寸、PEC墙肢宽厚比以及楼层数形成3个系列共8个模型,研究了弹性耦连比和改变弹性耦连比的方式对混合联肢PEC墙结构滞回性能和应力分布的影响.结果表明:各个系列模型滞回曲线均饱满而稳定,未出现明显捏缩现象,证明混合联肢PEC墙结构抗震性能好、耗能能力强,适用于高烈度抗震设防地区;与已有联肢墙结构研究成果一致,弹性耦连比是影响混合联肢PEC墙结构整体性能的主要因素,并不会因为实现方式不同而影响结构应力分布规律;为保证结构达极限承载能力状态时各层钢连梁均发生剪切屈服并充分发展塑性,同时避免受拉侧墙肢发生延性较差的小偏心受拉破坏,应控制弹性耦连比小于等于70%;基于有限元模型分析结果,探讨了混合联肢PEC墙结构受力机理,建立了结构简化力学分析模型,给出了极限承载力计算公式;试验及有限元模型分析结果与理论计算结果误差在15%以内,且均为理论值偏低,证明本文提出的混合联肢PEC墙结构极限承载力计算公式精度较高且偏于安全,可用于计算结构极限承载力.

HRB600钢筋钢纤维混凝土梁受弯承载力试验研究

将钢纤维掺入到HRB600高强钢筋混凝土梁中,可以有效改善HRB600高强钢筋混凝土梁的受弯力学性能。通过改变钢纤维体积率、钢纤维混凝土强度和纵筋配筋率,研究了7根HRB600钢筋混凝土梁的受弯性能,以及各试件的破坏形态、跨中挠度和纵筋应变随钢纤维体积率、钢纤维混凝土强度和纵筋配筋率的变化规律,探讨了受弯承载力的计算方法。结果表明:HRB600钢筋钢纤维混凝土梁的受弯力学性能与普通钢筋混凝土梁相似,截面应变分布符合平截面假定,受弯承载力随着钢纤维体积率、钢纤维混凝土强度以及配筋率的增加而增大,其中钢纤维掺量的提升幅度比钢纤维混凝土强度明显。普通钢筋钢纤维混凝土梁的正截面受弯承载力公式同样可用于HRB600高强钢筋钢纤维混凝土梁的受弯承载力计算,受弯承载力实测值与计算值吻合较好。

配置抗冲切钢筋的RC板柱节点受冲切承载力计算

为计算配有常用抗冲切钢筋(箍筋和栓钉)的钢筋混凝土(RC)板柱节点的受冲切承载力,结合梁斜拉破坏机理和修正压力场理论(MCFT)提出一种配有抗冲切钢筋的RC板柱节点的受冲切承载计算方法.首先根据MCFT推导出配有抗冲切钢筋的RC板柱节点的临界斜裂缝倾角计算式;然后,假定冲切破坏时临界截面周长范围内的抗冲切钢筋达到屈服强度,将临界斜裂缝倾角代入MCFT推导出板柱节点的受冲切承载力计算方法;最后,使用该方法和美国规范(ACI 318-19)方法计算62个配有抗冲切钢筋的RC板柱节点试验的冲切承载力,并分析了混凝土强度、板有效厚度、柱截面边长、抗弯钢筋配筋率及抗冲切钢筋配筋率对节点抗冲切承载力的影响.结果表明:由MCFT推导出的节点受冲切承载力计算值与试验值吻合较好,均值为0.96,变异系数为0.20;节点的冲切承载力与上述影响因素呈非线性正相关.该方法可用于配有抗冲切钢筋的RC板柱节点的受冲切承载力计算.

上硬下软层状土中锚板抗拔承载特性研究

锚板基础是一类在海工系泊系统中广泛应用的锚固基础,其特点是具有较高的承载力和稳定性。锚板的承载能力是基础设计的重要参考因素,而承载能力与土体的性质密切相关。现有关于锚板承载力的研究多集中在单一均质土层中,而对层状土尤其是上硬下软这类层状土体中的承载特性认识不足。基于数值分析,综合考虑层状土的分层性质,对锚板基础在硬黏-软黏层状土体及砂土-软黏土复合土体中的承载特性展开研究,分析锚板埋深、土层抗剪强度比、层厚比及土体性质等关键因素对锚板周围土体破坏模式和承载力的影响。结果表明:在硬黏-软黏土体中,随着抗剪强度比、层厚比的增加,极限承载力均显著增加;在砂土-软黏土体中,极限承载力同样随着层厚比的增加而增加,当下层软黏土中的锚板破坏进入局部破坏后,层厚比对承载力的影响逐渐减弱。研究可以为上硬下软层状土中锚板基础的承载力确定提供计算方法和理论参考。

高轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙的抗震性能试验研究

通过5片不同轴压比下小剪跨比剪力墙构件的低周反复荷载试验,研究了高轴压比对小剪跨比剪力墙的破坏模式、受剪承载力、延性、刚度特征及耗能能力的影响,并对加载全过程中剪力墙腹板双向钢筋的受力情况及传力机制进行分析。研究结果表明:所有构件均发生了剪切破坏,并在高轴压力作用下发生了平面外的错动;高轴压比阻碍了裂缝的产生及发展,提高了构件的受剪承载力,但在构件达到峰值荷载后,强度和刚度退化剧烈,极限位移小,提高边缘约束构件配箍率可以有限地提高构件的变形能力、延性及耗能能力,但对破坏模式、传力机制的影响不大。轴压比对构件的传力机制有着显著的影响,当轴压比较小时,桁架作用明显,水平钢筋与竖向钢筋对受剪承载力的贡献相当,均能充分发挥作用;当轴压比较高时,拱作用明显,水平钢筋未能充分发挥作用,对受剪承载力的贡献有限,竖向钢筋主要对拱作用有贡献。

混凝土深受弯构件力学性能分析与裂缝宽度检测

为保证混凝土深受弯构件的服役寿命,分析了其在载荷作用下的力学性能,并检测其裂缝宽度。在制备4种不同剪跨比的混凝土深受弯构件后,制定加载方案。然后基于有限元模型分析构件在载荷下的应力分布情况,并通过构件受剪分析模型计算混凝土深受弯构件的受剪承载力,同时利用拉压杆模型检测裂缝宽度。试验结果显示:剪跨比能够直接影响构件的力学性能。剪跨比为0.26、载荷达到600 kN左右时,跨中位移最高值为8.6 mm;剪跨比为1.04、载荷为300 kN左右时,跨中位移达到12.5 mm,构件从剪切破坏状态变化成剪弯破坏;根据构件裂缝之间的受力情况,可以准确获取裂缝最大宽度值;剪跨比较大时,构件裂缝较宽位置,大部分均位于支座附近。

采用装配式栓钉的钢-UHPC组合板的抗弯性能

为提高钢-UHPC组合结构的延性,本文提出一种采用装配式栓钉连接的钢-UHPC组合板。设计并完成了不同抗剪连接程度的组合板的抗弯性能试验,分析了组合板试件破坏形态、极限承载力、刚度、裂缝发展规律和板端滑移,并与采用焊接栓钉的钢-UHPC组合板进行了对比分析,讨论了组合板试件的可拆卸性,最后对其极限抗弯承载力和抗弯刚度进行了理论分析并推导了计算公式。结果表明:装配式栓钉连接的钢-UHPC组合板破坏模式为纵向水平剪切黏结破坏;降低栓钉间距能提高组合板的协同变形能力,从而提高组合板结构的极限承载力、弹塑性阶段的刚度和裂缝控制能力;与采用焊接栓钉连接的钢-UHPC组合板对比,其在发生较大变形的情况下钢板和UHPC板仍然可较容易地拆卸分离;推导了装配式栓钉连接的钢-UHPC组合板的极限承载力计算方法和抗弯刚度计算公式,提出了抗弯刚度计算时应对UHPC板高度进行折减,折减系数(βU)在正常使用阶段建议为0.85,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。本文研究成果可为采用装配式栓钉的钢-UHPC组合板的设计和应用提供理论依据。

Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation on flexural performance of steel reinforced ultrahigh toughness cementitious composite (RUHTCC) beams

UHTCC (ultrahigh toughness cementitious composite), which is a kind of ultrahigh toughness cemen- titious composites material, exhibits pseudo strain hardening feature when subjected to tension load, and has enormous ductility and prominent crack dispersal ability. Accordingly, UHTCC can improve mechanical behavior of ordinary concrete structure especially its durability, and has been regarded as historical breakthrough to traditional cementitious materials. In this paper, the study focuses on flexure behavior of steel reinforced beam made of UHTCC. Based on the plane section assumption, along with two equilibrium equations of force and moment, the formulae to calculate the flexural load capability for the reinforced ultrahigh toughness cementitious composite (RUHTCC) beam were developed under the assumption that the compression stress- strain relationship in the UHTCC material is a bilinear model. Following this, the simplified formulae were further evolved by effective rectangle stress distribution approach in order to facilitate design of practical engineering. Two effective parameters introduced in effective rectangle approach were determined. The mathematical expressions to evaluate limited rein- forcement ratio, flexural stiffness as well as ductility index were proposed, too. Last, two series of dif- ferent reinforcement ratios of the RUHTCC beams were tested in four-point flexure loading. For com- parison purposes, ordinary RC (reinforced concrete) beams also were prepared. Both moment curva- ture curves and load mid-span displacement curves were recorded and compared with the theoretical calculations. A good agreement between them was found, which validates the proposed theoretical formulae. For ductility index, a slightly big difference between the experimental values and the calcu- lated ones exists. The experimental results show that, compared to control RC beams, the RUHTCC beam can improve both flexural capacity and ductility index, and the degree of improvement will de- crease with the increase in the reinforcement ratio. Particularly, the results also reveal that lager crack width in control beams can be greatly reduced by formation of tightly-spaced fine cracks in UHTCC, which offers more durable structures.

钢筋正截面抗弯承载力极限测试

用HRB400钢筋为纵向受拉钢筋、HPB235钢筋为纵向受压钢筋,浇筑混凝土,制备配筋率分别为0.57%、1.01%、1.58%的3种建筑钢筋试件。对试件加载,测试每组试件的抗弯承载力。结果表明:当配筋率为0.57%时,试件的跨中挠度较大,易出现疲劳和损伤,且钢筋应变较小,刚度退化较严重,正截面裂缝宽度较高;当配筋率为1.58%时,试件的抗弯承载力极限可达238.64 kN,为较高水平,且试件的正截面屈服弯矩与开裂弯矩较高,当受到较大载荷时,钢筋试件的应变水平良好。由此可见,当配筋率为1.58%时,建筑钢筋正截面抗弯承载力较好。

新型梳齿榫型钢-混凝土组合梁桥设计方法研究——典型截面与节点承载能力

为提出适用于快速施工的全预制梳齿榫型钢-混凝土组合梁设计方法。设计了其典型截面,对其抗弯承载能力和抗剪承载能力展开研究;分析了拉-剪耦合作用和箍筋配置对CL和PZ节点抗剪承载力的影响。结合AASHTO和欧洲规范,提出简化的极限抗弯承载力计算公式,基于混合截面原理提出组合梁桥的抗剪承载力计算公式,并对其进行准确性验证。发现拉拔效应会削弱节点的抗剪承载力,在相邻梳齿中应配置不少于2肢箍筋,CL节点的抗剪能力优于PZ节点。研究结果为这种新型结构总体设计提供理论依据。

小箱梁抗剪及抗弯加固措施及效果分析

改扩建工程往往面临着既有桥梁的加固,以浙江某高速改扩建项目为案例,首先分析了抗弯承载能力、抗剪承载能力、局部承压承载能力不足的原因;其次结合各自承载能力基本原理,结合规范要求,分析了加固常用方法,并对每种加固方法的原理进行了介绍;最后结合项目实际特点,介绍了所采用的方法以及加固的效果。结果表明,采用合适的加固方法可以有效解决城市高速公路桥梁的结构问题,确保了其长期安全运营。这一研究为城市基础设施的可持续发展提供了有力支持。

活性粉末混凝土盖板抗弯承载力与无损检测参数的相关性试验

为了有效预测实际工程中活性粉末混凝土(RPC)盖板开裂强度与破坏强度,收集了27块实际工程中使用的RPC盖板,测试其表面硬度、表面回弹值、超声波波速、剪压值、名义开裂强度、名义破坏强度。线性拟合了不同检测参数与名义破坏强度、名义开裂强度之间的关系。结果表明:砂浆型回弹仪测得的RPC盖板表面回弹值与名义破坏强度线性相关性较强,相关系数为0.82。实际工程中推荐使用砂浆型回弹仪测试RPC盖板表面回弹值,预测其抗弯承载力。