Rationale and Pathway for New Industrialization in the Context of Chinese Modernization

The concepts of modernization and industrialization have different connotations that are specific to their historical backgrounds,and their theoretical innovation and development may benefit from China’s experiences.Industrialization is the cornerstone of modernization,and holds the key to its success.China’s experiences in blazing a new trail of industrialization are challenging the traditional Western theory of industrialization and deepening the connotations of Chinese modernization.New industrialization is a key entry point for steering China’s modernization drive and theoretical innovations.This paper offers an overview of the theory of Chinese modernization and its evolving trend along China’s socialist industrialization path,as well as the rationale and pathway for new industrialization in the context of Chinese modernization.As our findings suggest,the new industrialization concept has taken hold in every key aspect of Chinese modernization.When combined with the theory of Chinese modernization,the theoretical implications of new industrialization play a crucial role in propelling Chinese modernization forward along a new journey in the new era.

Smoking of Carica papaya in Nigeria:The rationale,the public health effects and policies for intervention

Psychoactive substance use is characterized by the habitual use of substances that have significant effects in altering the activities of neurotransmitters in certain regions of the brain.Consequently,these alterations manifest as cognitive,emotional,perceptual and behavioural changes in affected individuals[1].

The Global Security Initiative: Its Relevance, Rationale and Delivery

Today,our world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century.Global security landscape is becoming ever more unstable and uncertain.In the face of growing deficits in security,Chinese President Xi Jinping put forward the Global Security Initiative(GSI),offering a clear answer to the question of the times:what kind of security concept does the world need,and how can we achieve common security?It is of great significance to fully grasp the relevance of and the rationale for the GSI,and push for its strategic delivery,so as to contribute to the long-term peace and stability of the world.

Investment Promotion for Development Zones in China:Underlying Rationale and Policy Options

Development zones(DZs)have emerged as a significant policy initiative for promoting regional coordination and facilitating resources allocation.They serve as an organizational framework for fostering industrial agglomeration and driving high-quality development.DZs attract and accommodate resource factors,firms,and projects,thereby functioning as a central catalyst for economic growth.This study utilizes data collected at the“DZ,City and Countrycountry”levels through manual compilation,textual analysis,and innovation measurement.It aims to empirically examine the theoretical rationale and practical preferences for promoting business and investment in China’s DZs.This study considers several factors such as industry attribute,firm attribute,agglomeration theory,and industrial chain layout.Based on our research findings,DZs exhibit distinct preferences.First,industry attribute:DZs align with both national and regional strategic planning and adhere to the industrial endowments of the respective areas.Second,firm attribute:DZs prioritize attracting firms that are productive and innovative,and have an international presence,rather than those that primarily contribute to taxes and job creation.Third,DZs are guided by the agglomeration theory,which suggests that they prefer firms that generate strong agglomeration externalities.Lastly,DZs also consider the industrial chain layout,aiming to attract firms that not only align with their existing industrial strengths but also extend to the upstream and downstream supply chain links.These conclusions are substantiated by the performance of robustness test.The success of DZs in China can be attributed to the five key principles:Adherence to national and regional strategic planning,prioritizing the actual industrial foundation,incorporating the theory of agglomeration externalities,strengthening corporate competitiveness,and expanding industrial chains.

New Knowledge Network Evaluation Method for Design Rationale Management

Current design rationale （DR） systems have not demonstrated the value of the approach in practice since little attention is put to the evaluation method of DR knowledge. To systematize knowledge management process for future computer-aided DR applications, a prerequisite is to provide the measure for the DR knowledge. In this paper, a new knowledge network evaluation method for DR management is presented. The method characterizes the DR knowledge value from four perspectives, namely, the design rationale structure scale, association knowledge and reasoning ability, degree of design justification support and degree of knowledge representation conciseness. The DR knowledge comprehensive value is also measured by the proposed method. To validate the proposed method, different style of DR knowledge network and the performance of the proposed measure are discussed. The evaluation method has been applied in two realistic design cases and compared with the structural measures. The research proposes the DR knowledge evaluation method which can provide object metric and selection basis for the DR knowledge reuse during the product design process. In addition, the method is proved to be more effective guidance and support for the application and management of DR knowledge.

The rationale behind the four major anti-COVID-19 principles of Chinese herbal medicine based on systems medicine

As the novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and its variants continue to rage into the second year of a global pandemic,many success stories of applying Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)to treat COVID-19 patients continue to emerge from China and other part of the world.Herewith,from a systems medicine perspective,the authors analyze those experiences and categorize them into four major treatment principles:(1)focusing on eliminating toxins in the early stage of the disease,(2)tonifying deficiency of the body throughout the entire disease course,(3)treating the affected lung and intestine simultaneously based on visceral interactions,(4)cooling blood and removing blood stasis at the later stage,as well as interpret the rationale of these principles.This is helpful not only in reducing the complexity of promoting the CHM applications to enhance anti-COVID-19 efficacy,but also in ramping out the process of integrating traditional Chinese medicine with modern medical practices.

Rationale软件在英语专业学生谬误识别训练中的应用

谬误识别是批判性思维培养中的一项重要内容。比起机械识记种类繁多的谬误类型,能够正确识别论证中的各要素并分析出论证中存在的缺陷显得更为关键。文章调研了Rationale软件在辅助学生识别论证谬误中的作用。结果发现,该论证图示工具能够帮助学生深入理解论证结构,进而对论证质量进行有效评估。希望该研究对我国外语教学中思辨能力的培养具有一定的启示。

Gallbladder biliary lithotripsy:A new rationale applied to old treatment

Pure endoscopic treatment of combined cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis is possible due to the chance to use together both endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)approaches.This endotherapy permits to treat biliary stones in the main bile duct by standard ERCP and gallbladder stones by EUS-guided cholecystoduodenostomy eventually associated to intracorporeal lithotripsy to achieve optimal results.

Practice Rationale Care Model: The Art and Science of Clinical Reasoning, Decision Making and Judgment in the Nursing Process

Nurses must be enlightened that clinical reasoning, clinical decision making, and clinical judgement are the key elements in providing safe patient care. It must be incorporated and applied all throughout the nursing process. The impact of patients’ positive outcomes relies on how nurses are effective in clinical reasoning and put into action once clinical decision making occurs. Thus, nurses with poor clinical reasoning skills frequently fail to see and notice patient worsening condition, and misguided decision making arises that leads to ineffective patient care and adding patients suffering. Clinical judgment on the other hand denotes on the outcome after the cycle of clinical reasoning. Within this context, nurses apply reflection about their actions from the clinical decision making they made. The process of applying knowledge, skills and expertise in the clinical field through clinical reasoning is the work of art in the nursing profession in promoting patient safety in the course of delivering routine nursing interventions. Nurses must be guided with their sound clinical reasoning to have an optimistic outcome and prevent iatrogenic harm to patients. Nurses must be equipped with knowledge, skills, attitude and values but most importantly prepared to face the bigger picture of responsibility to care for every patient in the clinical field.

Probabilistic Rationale of Actions for Artificial Intelligence Systems Operating in Uncertainty Conditions

The approach for probabilistic rationale of artificial intelligence systems actions is proposed.It is based on an implementation of the proposed interconnected ideas 1-7 about system analysis and optimization focused on prognostic modeling.The ideas may be applied also by using another probabilistic models which supported by software tools and can predict successfulness or risks on a level of probability distribution functions.The approach includes description of the proposed probabilistic models,optimization methods for rationale actions and incremental algorithms for solving the problems of supporting decision-making on the base of monitored data and rationale robot actions in uncertainty conditions.The approach means practically a proactive commitment to excellence in uncertainty conditions.A suitability of the proposed models and methods is demonstrated by examples which cover wide applications of artificial intelligence systems.

Building a Project Memory Using Semantic Design Rationale Process

In the proposal, a construction project memory process based on the semantic annotation is presented. A project Mem-ory concerns the representation and the identification of the experience acquired during projects realization. The main feature of this approach is that the semantic annotation is used to build a continuous semantic design rationale process. We propose in this paper, a semantic traceability in four stages (identifying, structuring, annotating and integrating). The identification and the structuring phases use a model called Extended Marguerite model which fully considers the objectives of the project memory. The annotation phase exploits the results of precedent phase to prepare the final phase. Examples are presented from a case study in an Algerian firm called ENMTP. The architecture supporting the modelling engine is presented. Finally, an evaluation of the degree of the semantic annotation brought by proposed process is given.

Exploration in Ways and Rationales of Designing A Desirable Webquest

Web Quest is an advanced tool which could provide the significant scaffolding to support instructors through incorporating learning objects within systematic designs of learning activities. The focus of this article is to explore how a Webquest is designed reasonably and what rationales are implied in such a design through a case study of Webquest design for a group of ESL/EFL learners in Grade 12. The result indicates that a Webquest which is guided by the principles of constructivist problem solving, social interaction and scaffolding learning can be regarded as a desirable Webquest.

Rationale for reconsidering current regulations restricting use of hybrids in orange juice

Huanglongbing(HLB)is a disease that has devastated the Florida citrus industry,threatens the entire U.S.citrus industry,and globally is rapidly spreading.Florida’s citrus production is 90%sweet orange,which is quite sensitive to HLB.The heavy reliance on sweet orange for Florida citrus production makes the industry especially vulnerable to diseases that are damaging to this type of citrus.Furthermore,90%of Florida oranges are used in producing orange juice that is defined by a federal regulation known as the“orange juice standard”,specifying that at least 90%of“orange juice”must be derived from Citrus sinensis.Genomic analyses definitively reveal that sweet orange is not a true species,but just one of many introgression hybrids of C.reticulata and C.maxima,with phenotypic diversity resulting from accumulated mutations in this single hybrid,the“sweet orange”.No other fruit industry is limited by law to such a narrow genetic base.Fortunately,there are new citrus hybrids displaying reduced sensitivity to HLB,and in some cases they produce juice,alone or in blends,that consumers would recognize as“orange juice”.Reconsidering current regulations on orange juice standards may permit use of such hybrids in“orange juice”,providing greater latitude for commercialization of these hybrids,leading to higher-quality orange juice and a more sustainable Florida orange juice industry.

Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)was not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke within 4.5hours.Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond 4.5hours.Methods and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical trial.Patients who had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)within 4.5–24hours from last known well(including wake-up stroke and no witness stroke)and with salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volume<70mL,mismatch ratio≥1.8 and mismatch volume≥15mL)based on CT perfusion or MRI perfusion-weighted imaging(PWI)were included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical therapy.Specially,we will exclude patients who are intended for direct thrombectomy.All will be followed up for 90 days.Study outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 days.Secondary efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared with the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at 7days.Safety outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage within 36 hours and mortality at 90 days.Discussion TRACE III will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients who had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond 4.5hours.Trial registration number NCT05141305.

Intra-arterial tenecteplase during thrombectomy for acute stroke(BRETIS-TNK II):rationale and design

Background Our recent pilot study suggests intra-arterial tenecteplase(TNK)during the first pass of endovascular treatment(EVT)seems safe,may increase first-pass reperfusion and good outcome in acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)patients with large-vessel occlusion(LVO).Aims To determine the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial TNK administration during EVT in AIS-LVO patients presenting up to 24 hours from symptom onset.Sample size estimates A maximum of 380 patients are required to test the superiority hypothesis with 80%power according to a two-side 0.05 level of significance,stratified by age,gender,baseline systolic blood pressure,prestroke modified Rankin Scale(mRS),baseline National Institute of Health stroke scale,baseline ASPECTS,time from onset to groin puncture,intravenous thrombolysis before EVT,stroke territory and stroke aetiology.Design Intra-arterial TNK during thrombectomy for acute stroke(BRETIS-TNK II)study is a prospective,randomised,adaptive enrichment,open-label,blinded end point,multicentre study.Eligible AIS-LVO patients are randomly assigned into the experimental group and control group with a ratio of 1:1.The experimental group will be treated with intra-arterial infusion of TNK during EVT.The control group will be treated with standard EVT.Outcome The primary end point is a favourable outcome,defined as an mRS score of 0–2 at 90 days.The primary safety end point is symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage within 48 hours,which is defined as an increase in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of≥4 points as a result of the intracranial haemorrhage.Conclusions The results of BRETIS-TNK II will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial TNK administration during EVT in AIS patients with LVO.

Correction:Indobufen versus aspirin in acute ischaemic stroke(INSURE):rationale and design of a multicentre randomised trial

The above mentioned article is updated since it was first published.In page 458,under the title‘Patient population’,the text‘…aged 40 years or older…’is changed to‘aged 18 to 80 years…’.And in Box 1:‘Forty years to 80 years’under the title‘Inclusion criteria’is changed to‘Eighteen years to 80 years’.

Effect of three-volt moxibustion with helium-neon laser irradiation on quality of care in patients with lumbar radiculopathy spondylosis

BACKGROUND Lumbar radiculopathy spondylosis is a relatively common orthopedic disease with a high incidence rate.It most commonly occurs in the lumbar 4-5 and lumbar 5-sacral 1 vertebrae,which account for approximately 95%of cases.It mostly occurs in people aged 30-50 years old and greatly affects their quality of life.AIM To determine the effect of triple-voltage acupuncture combined with helium-neon laser irradiation on the quality of care and improvement of symptoms in patients with lumbar radiculopathy spondylolisthesis.METHODS In this study,we selected 120 patients with lumbar radiculopathy spondylosis who were treated at our hospital between June 2019 to June 2020.The patients were divided into control and observation groups according to the random number table method,with 60 patients in each group.Patients in the observation group were treated with three-volt moxibustion combined with helium-neon laser irradiation,and those in the control group were treated with lumbar traction.After 1 month of treatment,the lumbar pain scores,lumbar spine motor functions,clinical treatment effects,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups were compared.RESULTS The results showed that acupuncture combined with laser irradiation significantly improved the patients'clinical symptoms,i.e.,reduced their low back pain,significantly lower numerical rating scale pain scores in the observation group than in the control group,and better lumbar spine motility than in the control group,compared to lumbar traction.In addition,they were cared for.The treatment effectiveness rate of the observation group was 95.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(81.67%).Satisfaction with care was higher than 90 points in both groups,but the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION Our study provides a clinical rationale for the future treatment of patients with lumbar spine disease.However,further extensive research is needed for validation.

Rational Engineering of Secondary Metabolic Pathways in a Heterologous Host to Enable the Biosynthesis of Hibarimicin Derivatives with Enhanced Anti-Melanomic Activity

A 61-kb biosynthetic gene cluster(BGC),which is accountable for the biosynthesis of hibarimicin(HBM)B from Microbispora rosea subsp.hibaria TP-A0121,was heterologously expressed in Streptomyces coelicolor M1154,which generated a trace of the target products but accumulated a large amount of shunt products.Based on rational analysis of the relevant secondary metabolism,directed engineering of the biosynthetic pathways resulted in the high production of HBM B,as well as new HBM derivates with improved antitumor activity.These results not only establish a biosynthetic system to effectively synthesize HBMs-a class of the largest and most complex Type-Ⅱpolyketides,with a unique pseudo-dimeric structure-but also set the stage for further engineering and deep investigation of this complex biosynthetic pathway toward potent anticancer drugs.

Approximate solution of Volterra-Fredholm integral equations using generalized barycentric rational interpolant

It is well-known that interpolation by rational functions results in a more accurate approximation than the polynomials interpolation.However,classical rational interpolation has some deficiencies such as uncontrollable poles and low convergence order.In contrast with the classical rational interpolants,the generalized barycentric rational interpolants which depend linearly on the interpolated values,yield infinite smooth approximation with no poles in real numbers.In this paper,a numerical collocation approach,based on the generalized barycentric rational interpolation and Gaussian quadrature formula,was introduced to approximate the solution of Volterra-Fredholm integral equations.Three types of points in the solution domain are used as interpolation nodes.The obtained numerical results confirm that the barycentric rational interpolants are efficient tools for solving Volterra-Fredholm integral equations.Moreover,integral equations with Runge’s function as an exact solution,no oscillation occurrs in the obtained approximate solutions so that the Runge’s phenomenon is avoided.

Blockchain-Based Key Management Scheme Using Rational Secret Sharing

Traditional blockchain key management schemes store private keys in the same location,which can easily lead to security issues such as a single point of failure.Therefore,decentralized threshold key management schemes have become a research focus for blockchain private key protection.The security of private keys for blockchain user wallet is highly related to user identity authentication and digital asset security.The threshold blockchain private key management schemes based on verifiable secret sharing have made some progress,but these schemes do not consider participants’self-interested behavior,and require trusted nodes to keep private key fragments,resulting in a narrow application scope and low deployment efficiency,which cannot meet the needs of personal wallet private key escrow and recovery in public blockchains.We design a private key management scheme based on rational secret sharing that considers the self-interest of participants in secret sharing protocols,and constrains the behavior of rational participants through reasonable mechanism design,making it more suitable in distributed scenarios such as the public blockchain.The proposed scheme achieves the escrow and recovery of personal wallet private keys without the participation of trusted nodes,and simulate its implementation on smart contracts.Compared to other existing threshold wallet solutions and keymanagement schemes based on password-protected secret sharing(PPSS),the proposed scheme has a wide range of applications,verifiable private key recovery,low communication overhead,higher computational efficiency when users perform one-time multi-key escrow,no need for trusted nodes,and personal rational constraints and anti-collusion attack capabilities.