Strong light （800μmol photons/m^2 per s）-induced bleaching of the pigment in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ reaction center （PSII RC） under aerobic conditions （in the absence of electron donors or acceptors） was s...Strong light （800μmol photons/m^2 per s）-induced bleaching of the pigment in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ reaction center （PSII RC） under aerobic conditions （in the absence of electron donors or acceptors） was studied using high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）, absorption spectra, 77K fluorescence spectra and resonance Raman spectra. Changes in pigment composition of the PSII RC as determined by HPLC after light treatment were as follows： with Increasing illumination time chlorophyll （Chl） a and β-carotene （β-car） content decreased. However, decreases in pheophytin （Pheo） could not be observed because of the mixture of the Pheo formed by degraded chlorophyll possibly. On the basis of absorption spectra, it was determined that, with a short time of illuminatlon, the initial bleaching occurred maximally at 680 nm but that with Increasing Illumination time there was a blue shift to 678 nm. It was suggested that P680 was destroyed Initially, followed by the accessory chlorophyll. The activity of P680 was almost lost after 10 mln light treatment. Moreover, the bleaching of Pheo and β-car was observed at the beginning of illumination. After Illumination, the fluorescence emission Intensity changed and the fluorescence maximum blue shifted, showing that energy transfer was disturbed. Resonance Raman spectra of the PSII RC excited at 488.0 and 514.5 nm showed four main bands, peaking at 1 527 cm^-1 （υ101）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 006 cm^-1 （υ3）, 966 cm^-1 （υ4） for 488.0 nm excitation and 1 525 cm^-1 （υ1）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 007 cm^-1 （υ3）, 968 cm^-1 （υ4） for 514.5 nm excitation. It was confirmed that two spectroscopically different β-car molecules exist In the PSII RC. After light treatment for 20 mln, band positions and bandwidths were unchanged. This indicates that carotenoid configuration Is not the parameter that regulates photoprotectlon in the PSII RC.展开更多
Early events of charge separation in reaction centers (RCs) of bacterial photosynthesis are modeled by kinetic equations with time-dependent rate constants. An illustrative case of regular motion along a “slow” coor...Early events of charge separation in reaction centers (RCs) of bacterial photosynthesis are modeled by kinetic equations with time-dependent rate constants. An illustrative case of regular motion along a “slow” coordinates leading to oscillations in the kinetics is examined. Different schemes of charge separation are investigated. A good fitting of experimental kinetics of native Rba. sphaeroides RCs is achieved in the five states model P*1BAHA↔P*2BAHA↔I↔P+HA↔P+BA with two excited states BAHA and BAHA and three charge separated states I, P+HA and P+BA (P is a primary electron donor, bacteriochlorophyll dimer, BA and HA are an electron acceptor, monomeric bacteriochlorophyll and bacteriopheophytin in active A-branch, respectively). In the model only the first excited state is directly populated by optical excitation. The emission of the two excited states is assumed to be at 905 and 940 nm, respectively. The intermediate state I is assumed to absorb at 1020 nm as well as the P+HA state. The model explains the deep oscillations in the kinetics of the stimulated emission and of the absorption. In the simpler schemes without the I state or with only one excited state the accordance with the experiment is achieved at unreal parameter values. A possible nature of the I and BAHA states and a possible incoherent nature of the oscillations are discussed.展开更多
合成氨(NH_(3))的发展是现代工业进程和人类生存的基石。受氮气(N_(2))化学惰性的限制,当前的合成氨工业能源消耗高并且排放大量的二氧化碳。电化学氮气还原反应(NRR),是有望取代高能耗的Haber-Bosch(HB)合成法的一种绿色可持续的合成...合成氨(NH_(3))的发展是现代工业进程和人类生存的基石。受氮气(N_(2))化学惰性的限制,当前的合成氨工业能源消耗高并且排放大量的二氧化碳。电化学氮气还原反应(NRR),是有望取代高能耗的Haber-Bosch(HB)合成法的一种绿色可持续的合成氨工艺。然而,因氮气以及析氢竞争富反应(HER)导致电催化氮气还原极低的NH_(3)产率和能量转换效率一直是目前人工固氮领域面临的挑战。在本文中,我们报道了一种具有丰富孔结构的磷掺杂碳(PC)负载Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)纳米复合材料(h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)),在酸性和中性介质中将N_(2)高效催化转化为NH_(3)。其独特的分级多孔结构提高了表面粗糙度并加快了氮气在催化剂体相中的扩散,这有利于延长氮气在催化剂表面的停留时间以及提高活性位点的利用效率。而多组分的均匀分布可以调节电子结构并优化反应中间体的吸附行为,进而提高活性位点的本征活性。在0.1mol·L^(-1)HCI电解液中,h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在-0.2 V vs.可逆氢电极(RHE)电位下NH_(3)的产率可以达到38.7±1.2μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1),法拉第效率为19.8%±0.9%。此外;h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在0.1 mol·L^(-1)Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液中同样展现出优异的电催化氮气还原合成氨性能,NH_(3)产率及法拉第效率分别为17.1±0.8μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1)和15.g%±0.6%,明显优于PC/Zn_(3)P_(2)、C/ZnO和大多数报道的非贵金属电催化剂。这种优异的性能主要归因于多孔结构有利于传质及多组分活性位点协同效应。此外,我们采用非原位X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等表征手段对NRR测试前后h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)的组成和结构变化进行了剖析。在反应后检测到了新增的N物种信号,证明催化剂确实发生了氮气还原反应。本研究提供了一种通过同步构建传质通道并耦合不同的活性位点以协同增强NRR活性和选择性的新思路,这对加快绿色制氨工业化具有重大意义。展开更多
电解水技术是一种生产高纯氢燃料的方法,能够增强可再生能源发电系统的消纳能力.相较于质子交换膜(PEM)电解槽,碱性(ALK)电解槽可以使用非贵金属基催化电极,拥有更高的经济效益和市场占有率.然而,由于ALK电解槽处于质子稀缺环境,阴极氢...电解水技术是一种生产高纯氢燃料的方法,能够增强可再生能源发电系统的消纳能力.相较于质子交换膜(PEM)电解槽,碱性(ALK)电解槽可以使用非贵金属基催化电极,拥有更高的经济效益和市场占有率.然而,由于ALK电解槽处于质子稀缺环境,阴极氢气演化反应(HER)动力学变得更加复杂,需要快速解离水分子提供动态质子微环境.硫化钼(MoS_(2))纳米片边缘具有合适的质子吸附和演化的活性位点,是制备HER催化剂的潜力材料.但其二维基面原子由于配位饱和,显示出较弱的质子吸附能力.如何调控MoS_(2)基面以实现水解动力与质子吸附演化动力的集成,提升MoS_(2)纳米片的碱性HER活性,具有重要的科学和应用意义.本文提出了一种Co/O双原子植入策略,精准调控双活性位点及其电子结构,实现了水解离动力和质子吸附演化动力的高效耦联.首先,利用刻蚀和电沉积的两步实验法,在MoS_(2)基面上成功引入O和Co原子;随后,结合高分辨透射电镜、高角环形暗场-扫描透射电子显微镜、同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构谱等表征分析技术,精准识别了掺杂Co/O原子的位置和配位情况:O原子替换部分S原子,Co原子占据Mo原子的上方,构建出立体凸起的“O-Co-S_(2)”配位构型.催化在线的原位表征分析结果表明:该独特的“O-Co-S_(2)”原子基序发挥着水解离与氢演化反应协同催化效应.密度泛函理论计算结果也证实了该协同机制,其中Co位点促进水的解离反应,而S位点则有助于质子的转化生成氢气.因此,Co/O掺杂MoS_(2)催化剂(Co-O@MoS_(2))表现出较好的碱性HER活性:仅需81 mV的过电位,即可达到100 mA cm^(‒2)的电流密度,Tafel斜率低至42 mV dec^(‒1),在600 mA cm^(‒2)的高电流密度测试中运行300 h活性无衰减.上述碱性HER性能不仅远高于原始的MoS_(2)纳米片,而且也领先于部分已报道结果.综上所述,本文在MoS_(2)基面上构筑了原子级协同催化活性中心,显著促进了碱性HER反应性能,为原子活化工程开发先进催化剂提供参考,在原子级基序构造、表征和功能分析方面提供借鉴.展开更多
目的探究标准化急诊预检分诊模式在区域性胸痛中心中的应用价值。方法选取2020年7月—2022年1月陆军第七十三集团军医院未实施标准化急诊预检分诊模式时间段内接诊的100例急性胸痛患者设为对照组,将2022年2月—2023年6月陆军第七十三集...目的探究标准化急诊预检分诊模式在区域性胸痛中心中的应用价值。方法选取2020年7月—2022年1月陆军第七十三集团军医院未实施标准化急诊预检分诊模式时间段内接诊的100例急性胸痛患者设为对照组,将2022年2月—2023年6月陆军第七十三集团军医院开展标准化急诊预检分诊模式后接诊的100例急性胸痛患者为研究组。对比2组患者抢救指标、临床效果、急诊工作效率以及不良反应发生情况差异。结果研究组患者的预检分诊时间[(2.03±0.21)minvs.(3.05±0.29)min]、首份心电图时间[(5.06±1.01)minvs.(6.23±1.51)min]、开放静脉通路时间[(9.11±2.01)minvs.(11.63±2.01)min]、床旁测试(point-of-care-testing,POCT)+检验报告时间[(18.98±2.65)min vs.(23.65±2.81)min]均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者的首次医疗接触(first medical contact,FMC)至经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)(FMC-to-B)[(43.20±3.65)minvs.(56.96±5.18)min]、自送到医院至接受正规治疗总时间(total time from hospital to receiving formal treatment,D-to-B)[(72.36±6.23)min vs.(110.15±13.23)min]以及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ获得时间[(21.02±2.65)minvs.(31.05±3.11)min]均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者的急诊处置时间[(10.23±2.09)min vs.(16.32±3.01)min]以及急诊候诊时间[(0.98±0.31)min vs.(3.55±0.59)min]均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者在预检分诊准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组患者出现心律失常1例,心力衰竭1例,不良反应总发生率为2.00%(2/100),显著低于对照组患者的9.00%(9/100)(P<0.05)。结论对急性胸痛患者开展标准化急诊预检分诊模式有助于提高患者预检分诊效率、改善临床治疗效果,对降低不良反应发生率具有积极意义。展开更多
The photosynthetic reaction center complex(RCC)of green sulfur bacteria(GSB)consists of the membrane-imbedded RC core and the peripheric energy transmitting proteins called Fenna–Matthews–Olson(FMO).Functionally,FMO...The photosynthetic reaction center complex(RCC)of green sulfur bacteria(GSB)consists of the membrane-imbedded RC core and the peripheric energy transmitting proteins called Fenna–Matthews–Olson(FMO).Functionally,FMO transfers the absorbed energy from a huge peripheral light-harvesting antenna named chlorosome to the RC core where charge separation occurs.In vivo,one RC was found to bind two FMOs,however,the intact structure of RCC as well as the energy transfer mechanism within RCC remain to be clarified.Here we report a structure of intact RCC which contains a RC core and two FMO trimers from a thermophilic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum at 2.9A resolution by cryo-electron microscopy.The second FMO trimer is attached at the cytoplasmic side asymmetrically relative to the first FMO trimer reported previously.We also observed two new subunits(PscE and PscF)and the N-terminal transmembrane domain of a cytochrome-containing subunit(PscC)in the structure.These two novel subunits possibly function to facilitate the binding of FMOs to RC core and to stabilize the whole complex.A new bacteriochlorophyll(numbered as 816)was identified at the interspace between PscF and PscA-1,causing an asymmetrical energy transfer from the two FMO trimers to RC core.Based on the structure,we propose an energy transfer network within this photosynthetic apparatus.展开更多
Excessive consumption of energy and resources is a major challenge in wastewater treatment.Here,a novel heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst consisting of Cu-doped graphenelike catalysts (Cu-GCD NSs) was first synthesiz...Excessive consumption of energy and resources is a major challenge in wastewater treatment.Here,a novel heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst consisting of Cu-doped graphenelike catalysts (Cu-GCD NSs) was first synthesized by an enhanced carbothermal reduction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).The catalyst exhibits excellent Fenton-like catalytic activity for the degradation of various pollutants under neutral conditions,accompanied by low H_(2)O_(2)consumption.The results of structural characterization and theoretical calculations confirmed that the dual reaction centers (DRCs) were constructed on Cu-GCD NSs surface through C-O-Cu bonds supported on zero-valent copper species,which play a significant role in the high-performance Fenton-like reaction.The pollutants that served as electron donors were decomposed in the electron-poor carbon centers,whereas H_(2)O_(2)and dissolved oxygen obtained these electrons in the electron-rich Cu centers through C-O-Cu bonds,thereby producing more active species.This study demonstrates that the electrons of pollutants can be efficiently utilized in Fenton-like reactions by DRCs on the catalyst surface,which provides an effective strategy to improve Fenton-like reactivity and reduce H_(2)O_(2)consumption.展开更多
目的比较诺氏评估量表法和国家药品不良反应监测中心判断标准在药品不良反应评价工作中的作用。分别采用两种方法评估患者服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片与肺栓塞不良反应之间的因果关系,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法分析我院1例屈螺酮炔雌醇片引...目的比较诺氏评估量表法和国家药品不良反应监测中心判断标准在药品不良反应评价工作中的作用。分别采用两种方法评估患者服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片与肺栓塞不良反应之间的因果关系,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法分析我院1例屈螺酮炔雌醇片引起肺栓塞的病例,并通过检索万方、CNKI、Pubmed数据库,收集国内外使用屈螺酮炔雌醇片后出现肺栓塞的个案报道,分别采用“诺氏评估量表法”和“国家药品不良反应监测中心药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)因果关系判断标准”评价因果关系。结果患者服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片1个月后,发生肺栓塞不良反应,经溶栓抗凝治疗后,血栓再通。所有个案报道经“诺氏评估量表法”与“国家药品不良反应监测中心ADR因果关系判断标准”评价后,发现其ADR因果关系评价结果有一定的差异性。结论屈螺酮炔雌醇片可导致肺栓塞的不良反应,临床用药时需警惕。“诺氏评估量表法”和“国家药品不良反应监测中心ADR因果关系判断标准”在药物所致ADR因果关系评价中各有利弊,临床实践中可二者结合进行评价。展开更多
文摘Strong light （800μmol photons/m^2 per s）-induced bleaching of the pigment in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ reaction center （PSII RC） under aerobic conditions （in the absence of electron donors or acceptors） was studied using high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）, absorption spectra, 77K fluorescence spectra and resonance Raman spectra. Changes in pigment composition of the PSII RC as determined by HPLC after light treatment were as follows： with Increasing illumination time chlorophyll （Chl） a and β-carotene （β-car） content decreased. However, decreases in pheophytin （Pheo） could not be observed because of the mixture of the Pheo formed by degraded chlorophyll possibly. On the basis of absorption spectra, it was determined that, with a short time of illuminatlon, the initial bleaching occurred maximally at 680 nm but that with Increasing Illumination time there was a blue shift to 678 nm. It was suggested that P680 was destroyed Initially, followed by the accessory chlorophyll. The activity of P680 was almost lost after 10 mln light treatment. Moreover, the bleaching of Pheo and β-car was observed at the beginning of illumination. After Illumination, the fluorescence emission Intensity changed and the fluorescence maximum blue shifted, showing that energy transfer was disturbed. Resonance Raman spectra of the PSII RC excited at 488.0 and 514.5 nm showed four main bands, peaking at 1 527 cm^-1 （υ101）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 006 cm^-1 （υ3）, 966 cm^-1 （υ4） for 488.0 nm excitation and 1 525 cm^-1 （υ1）, 1 159 cm^-1 （υ2）, 1 007 cm^-1 （υ3）, 968 cm^-1 （υ4） for 514.5 nm excitation. It was confirmed that two spectroscopically different β-car molecules exist In the PSII RC. After light treatment for 20 mln, band positions and bandwidths were unchanged. This indicates that carotenoid configuration Is not the parameter that regulates photoprotectlon in the PSII RC.
文摘Early events of charge separation in reaction centers (RCs) of bacterial photosynthesis are modeled by kinetic equations with time-dependent rate constants. An illustrative case of regular motion along a “slow” coordinates leading to oscillations in the kinetics is examined. Different schemes of charge separation are investigated. A good fitting of experimental kinetics of native Rba. sphaeroides RCs is achieved in the five states model P*1BAHA↔P*2BAHA↔I↔P+HA↔P+BA with two excited states BAHA and BAHA and three charge separated states I, P+HA and P+BA (P is a primary electron donor, bacteriochlorophyll dimer, BA and HA are an electron acceptor, monomeric bacteriochlorophyll and bacteriopheophytin in active A-branch, respectively). In the model only the first excited state is directly populated by optical excitation. The emission of the two excited states is assumed to be at 905 and 940 nm, respectively. The intermediate state I is assumed to absorb at 1020 nm as well as the P+HA state. The model explains the deep oscillations in the kinetics of the stimulated emission and of the absorption. In the simpler schemes without the I state or with only one excited state the accordance with the experiment is achieved at unreal parameter values. A possible nature of the I and BAHA states and a possible incoherent nature of the oscillations are discussed.
文摘合成氨(NH_(3))的发展是现代工业进程和人类生存的基石。受氮气(N_(2))化学惰性的限制,当前的合成氨工业能源消耗高并且排放大量的二氧化碳。电化学氮气还原反应(NRR),是有望取代高能耗的Haber-Bosch(HB)合成法的一种绿色可持续的合成氨工艺。然而,因氮气以及析氢竞争富反应(HER)导致电催化氮气还原极低的NH_(3)产率和能量转换效率一直是目前人工固氮领域面临的挑战。在本文中,我们报道了一种具有丰富孔结构的磷掺杂碳(PC)负载Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)纳米复合材料(h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)),在酸性和中性介质中将N_(2)高效催化转化为NH_(3)。其独特的分级多孔结构提高了表面粗糙度并加快了氮气在催化剂体相中的扩散,这有利于延长氮气在催化剂表面的停留时间以及提高活性位点的利用效率。而多组分的均匀分布可以调节电子结构并优化反应中间体的吸附行为,进而提高活性位点的本征活性。在0.1mol·L^(-1)HCI电解液中,h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在-0.2 V vs.可逆氢电极(RHE)电位下NH_(3)的产率可以达到38.7±1.2μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1),法拉第效率为19.8%±0.9%。此外;h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)在0.1 mol·L^(-1)Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液中同样展现出优异的电催化氮气还原合成氨性能,NH_(3)产率及法拉第效率分别为17.1±0.8μg·h^(-1)·mgcat^(-1)和15.g%±0.6%,明显优于PC/Zn_(3)P_(2)、C/ZnO和大多数报道的非贵金属电催化剂。这种优异的性能主要归因于多孔结构有利于传质及多组分活性位点协同效应。此外,我们采用非原位X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等表征手段对NRR测试前后h-PC/Zn_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)/Zn_(2)P_(2)O_(7)的组成和结构变化进行了剖析。在反应后检测到了新增的N物种信号,证明催化剂确实发生了氮气还原反应。本研究提供了一种通过同步构建传质通道并耦合不同的活性位点以协同增强NRR活性和选择性的新思路,这对加快绿色制氨工业化具有重大意义。
文摘电解水技术是一种生产高纯氢燃料的方法,能够增强可再生能源发电系统的消纳能力.相较于质子交换膜(PEM)电解槽,碱性(ALK)电解槽可以使用非贵金属基催化电极,拥有更高的经济效益和市场占有率.然而,由于ALK电解槽处于质子稀缺环境,阴极氢气演化反应(HER)动力学变得更加复杂,需要快速解离水分子提供动态质子微环境.硫化钼(MoS_(2))纳米片边缘具有合适的质子吸附和演化的活性位点,是制备HER催化剂的潜力材料.但其二维基面原子由于配位饱和,显示出较弱的质子吸附能力.如何调控MoS_(2)基面以实现水解动力与质子吸附演化动力的集成,提升MoS_(2)纳米片的碱性HER活性,具有重要的科学和应用意义.本文提出了一种Co/O双原子植入策略,精准调控双活性位点及其电子结构,实现了水解离动力和质子吸附演化动力的高效耦联.首先,利用刻蚀和电沉积的两步实验法,在MoS_(2)基面上成功引入O和Co原子;随后,结合高分辨透射电镜、高角环形暗场-扫描透射电子显微镜、同步辐射X射线吸收精细结构谱等表征分析技术,精准识别了掺杂Co/O原子的位置和配位情况:O原子替换部分S原子,Co原子占据Mo原子的上方,构建出立体凸起的“O-Co-S_(2)”配位构型.催化在线的原位表征分析结果表明:该独特的“O-Co-S_(2)”原子基序发挥着水解离与氢演化反应协同催化效应.密度泛函理论计算结果也证实了该协同机制,其中Co位点促进水的解离反应,而S位点则有助于质子的转化生成氢气.因此,Co/O掺杂MoS_(2)催化剂(Co-O@MoS_(2))表现出较好的碱性HER活性:仅需81 mV的过电位,即可达到100 mA cm^(‒2)的电流密度,Tafel斜率低至42 mV dec^(‒1),在600 mA cm^(‒2)的高电流密度测试中运行300 h活性无衰减.上述碱性HER性能不仅远高于原始的MoS_(2)纳米片,而且也领先于部分已报道结果.综上所述,本文在MoS_(2)基面上构筑了原子级协同催化活性中心,显著促进了碱性HER反应性能,为原子活化工程开发先进催化剂提供参考,在原子级基序构造、表征和功能分析方面提供借鉴.
文摘目的探究标准化急诊预检分诊模式在区域性胸痛中心中的应用价值。方法选取2020年7月—2022年1月陆军第七十三集团军医院未实施标准化急诊预检分诊模式时间段内接诊的100例急性胸痛患者设为对照组,将2022年2月—2023年6月陆军第七十三集团军医院开展标准化急诊预检分诊模式后接诊的100例急性胸痛患者为研究组。对比2组患者抢救指标、临床效果、急诊工作效率以及不良反应发生情况差异。结果研究组患者的预检分诊时间[(2.03±0.21)minvs.(3.05±0.29)min]、首份心电图时间[(5.06±1.01)minvs.(6.23±1.51)min]、开放静脉通路时间[(9.11±2.01)minvs.(11.63±2.01)min]、床旁测试(point-of-care-testing,POCT)+检验报告时间[(18.98±2.65)min vs.(23.65±2.81)min]均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者的首次医疗接触(first medical contact,FMC)至经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)(FMC-to-B)[(43.20±3.65)minvs.(56.96±5.18)min]、自送到医院至接受正规治疗总时间(total time from hospital to receiving formal treatment,D-to-B)[(72.36±6.23)min vs.(110.15±13.23)min]以及肌钙蛋白Ⅰ获得时间[(21.02±2.65)minvs.(31.05±3.11)min]均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者的急诊处置时间[(10.23±2.09)min vs.(16.32±3.01)min]以及急诊候诊时间[(0.98±0.31)min vs.(3.55±0.59)min]均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者在预检分诊准确率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组患者出现心律失常1例,心力衰竭1例,不良反应总发生率为2.00%(2/100),显著低于对照组患者的9.00%(9/100)(P<0.05)。结论对急性胸痛患者开展标准化急诊预检分诊模式有助于提高患者预检分诊效率、改善临床治疗效果,对降低不良反应发生率具有积极意义。
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1201500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22027802,No.22222308)+2 种基金the CAS project for Young Scientists and Basic Research(No.YSBR-007)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021LLZ003)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB33000000).
基金supported by a National Natural Science Foundation of China (32100202 to J.H.C.)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China (LR22C010001 to J.H.C.)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0507700,2017YFA0504803 to X.Z.)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2018XZZX001-13 to X.Z.)。
文摘The photosynthetic reaction center complex(RCC)of green sulfur bacteria(GSB)consists of the membrane-imbedded RC core and the peripheric energy transmitting proteins called Fenna–Matthews–Olson(FMO).Functionally,FMO transfers the absorbed energy from a huge peripheral light-harvesting antenna named chlorosome to the RC core where charge separation occurs.In vivo,one RC was found to bind two FMOs,however,the intact structure of RCC as well as the energy transfer mechanism within RCC remain to be clarified.Here we report a structure of intact RCC which contains a RC core and two FMO trimers from a thermophilic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum at 2.9A resolution by cryo-electron microscopy.The second FMO trimer is attached at the cytoplasmic side asymmetrically relative to the first FMO trimer reported previously.We also observed two new subunits(PscE and PscF)and the N-terminal transmembrane domain of a cytochrome-containing subunit(PscC)in the structure.These two novel subunits possibly function to facilitate the binding of FMOs to RC core and to stabilize the whole complex.A new bacteriochlorophyll(numbered as 816)was identified at the interspace between PscF and PscA-1,causing an asymmetrical energy transfer from the two FMO trimers to RC core.Based on the structure,we propose an energy transfer network within this photosynthetic apparatus.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52070046,51808140,51838005 and 21906034)the Introduced Innovative R&D Team Project under the"Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program"of Guangdong Province (No.2019ZT08L387)the BL14W1 beamline of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF,China)。
文摘Excessive consumption of energy and resources is a major challenge in wastewater treatment.Here,a novel heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst consisting of Cu-doped graphenelike catalysts (Cu-GCD NSs) was first synthesized by an enhanced carbothermal reduction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD).The catalyst exhibits excellent Fenton-like catalytic activity for the degradation of various pollutants under neutral conditions,accompanied by low H_(2)O_(2)consumption.The results of structural characterization and theoretical calculations confirmed that the dual reaction centers (DRCs) were constructed on Cu-GCD NSs surface through C-O-Cu bonds supported on zero-valent copper species,which play a significant role in the high-performance Fenton-like reaction.The pollutants that served as electron donors were decomposed in the electron-poor carbon centers,whereas H_(2)O_(2)and dissolved oxygen obtained these electrons in the electron-rich Cu centers through C-O-Cu bonds,thereby producing more active species.This study demonstrates that the electrons of pollutants can be efficiently utilized in Fenton-like reactions by DRCs on the catalyst surface,which provides an effective strategy to improve Fenton-like reactivity and reduce H_(2)O_(2)consumption.
文摘目的比较诺氏评估量表法和国家药品不良反应监测中心判断标准在药品不良反应评价工作中的作用。分别采用两种方法评估患者服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片与肺栓塞不良反应之间的因果关系,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法分析我院1例屈螺酮炔雌醇片引起肺栓塞的病例,并通过检索万方、CNKI、Pubmed数据库,收集国内外使用屈螺酮炔雌醇片后出现肺栓塞的个案报道,分别采用“诺氏评估量表法”和“国家药品不良反应监测中心药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)因果关系判断标准”评价因果关系。结果患者服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片1个月后,发生肺栓塞不良反应,经溶栓抗凝治疗后,血栓再通。所有个案报道经“诺氏评估量表法”与“国家药品不良反应监测中心ADR因果关系判断标准”评价后,发现其ADR因果关系评价结果有一定的差异性。结论屈螺酮炔雌醇片可导致肺栓塞的不良反应,临床用药时需警惕。“诺氏评估量表法”和“国家药品不良反应监测中心ADR因果关系判断标准”在药物所致ADR因果关系评价中各有利弊,临床实践中可二者结合进行评价。
