The paper introduces one design idea that making use of SCM to control Real-timely the dynamic compensation of reactive power.Firstly,design one Circuit to Sample the voltage and current,and by these datas we can easi...The paper introduces one design idea that making use of SCM to control Real-timely the dynamic compensation of reactive power.Firstly,design one Circuit to Sample the voltage and current,and by these datas we can easily calculate the power factor,and Voltage controller in the microcontroller to determine whether input the compensation capacitance according to the size of power factor,the paper also analyzes the principle of capacitance compensation and calculation method. Dynamic compensation for the entire process is quick and accurate.展开更多
Frequent occurrence of large-scale cascading trip-off of wind turbine raises the concern about the decision process of ordered control of reactive power compensation devices. The theory of fuzzy multi-attribute decisi...Frequent occurrence of large-scale cascading trip-off of wind turbine raises the concern about the decision process of ordered control of reactive power compensation devices. The theory of fuzzy multi-attribute decision making is adopted to ascertain the action sequence of reactive power compensation devices. First, a set of evaluation indexes including control sensitivity, regulation margin, response time, response level and cost is set up, and fuzziness of the proposed qualitative indexes is introduced to make them comparable to the proposed quantitative indexes. Then a method to calculate fuzzy weight of each index is put forward for evaluating relative importance of the proposed indexes. Finally, the action sequence of reactive power compensation devices is determined through the theory of fuzzy compromise decision making. The case study shows that the proposed method is effective to obtain the action sequence of reactive power compensation device which correspond to experience.展开更多
This article investigates the power quality enhancement in power system using one of the most famous series converter based FACTS controller like IPFC (Interline Power Flow Controller) in Power Injection Model (PIM). ...This article investigates the power quality enhancement in power system using one of the most famous series converter based FACTS controller like IPFC (Interline Power Flow Controller) in Power Injection Model (PIM). The parameters of PIM are derived with help of the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm. In general, a sample test power system without FACTs devices has generated more reactive power, decreased real power, more harmonics, small power factor and poor dynamic performance under line and load variations. In order to improve the real power, compensating the reactive power, proficient power factor and excellent load voltage regulation in the sample test power system, an IPFC is designed. The D-Q technique is utilized here to derive the reference current of the converter and its D.C link capacitor voltage is regulated. Also, the reference voltage of the inverter is arrived by park transformation technique and its load voltage is controlled. Here, a sample 230 KV test power system is taken for study. Further as the conventional PI controllers are designed at one nominal operating point they are not competent to respond satisfactorily in dynamic operating conditions. This can be circumvented by a Fuzzy and Neural network based IPFC and its detailed Simulink model is developed using MATLAB and the overall performance analysis is carried out under different operating state of affairs.展开更多
An integrated laser diode driver(LDD) driving an edge-emitting laser diode was designed and fabricated by 0.35 μm BiCMOS technology. This paper proposes a scheme which combines the automatic power control loop and te...An integrated laser diode driver(LDD) driving an edge-emitting laser diode was designed and fabricated by 0.35 μm BiCMOS technology. This paper proposes a scheme which combines the automatic power control loop and temperature com-pensation for modulation current in order to maintain constant extinction ratio and average optical power. To implement tem-perature compensation for modulation current,a novel circuit which generates a PTAT current by using the injecting base current of a bipolar transistor in saturation region,and alternates the amplifier feedback loop(closed or not) to control the state of the current path is presented. Simulation results showed that programmed by choice of external resistors,the IC can provide modu-lation current from 5 mA to 85 mA with temperature compensation adjustments and independent bias current from 4 mA to 100 mA. Optical test results showed that clear eye-diagrams can be obtained at 155 Mbps,with the output optical power being nearly constant,and the variation of extinction ratio being lower than 0.7 dB.展开更多
Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end A...Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end AC power systems have diminished.This has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVDC link.In this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is proposed.The integrated virtual inertia control of RESs is employed for system frequency regulation.Additional dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security constraints.Then,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is established.The optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization solution.Simulations are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVDC(LCC-HVDC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Controllable saturation reactors are widely used in reactive power compensation. The control system of controllable saturation reactor determines adaption speed, accuracy, and stability. First, an innovative type of c...Controllable saturation reactors are widely used in reactive power compensation. The control system of controllable saturation reactor determines adaption speed, accuracy, and stability. First, an innovative type of controllable saturation reactor is introduced. After that the control system is designed, and a self-tuning algorithm in PID controller is proposed in the paper. The algorithm tunes PID parameters automatically with different error signals caused by varied loads in power system. Then the feasibility of the above algorithm is verified by Simulink module of Matlab software. The results of simulation indicate that the control system can efficiently reduce adaption time and overshoot.展开更多
当前静止无功补偿器(static var generator,SVG)设备损耗参数仅标注额定功率下的稳态损耗,难以在不同运行状态下实现损耗的动态精细化管理。针对变电站无功补偿设备运行损耗过大的问题,在SVG动态运行损耗模型的基础上,提出一种考虑静止...当前静止无功补偿器(static var generator,SVG)设备损耗参数仅标注额定功率下的稳态损耗,难以在不同运行状态下实现损耗的动态精细化管理。针对变电站无功补偿设备运行损耗过大的问题,在SVG动态运行损耗模型的基础上,提出一种考虑静止无功补偿装置(static var compensator,SVC)损耗特征的协同经济运行策略,以提升变电站无功补偿设备的运行经济性。首先,对SVG动态运行损耗模型和SVC模型进行分析。然后,提出多台SVG协同经济运行的最优投运台数判据和实时功率分摊准则。最后,提出无功功率完全补偿和考虑无功补偿价值的变电站无功补偿设备协同经济运行策略。通过搭建Simulink仿真系统,验证了所提协同经济运行策略的有效性。展开更多
电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是新能源大规模并网、远距离外送的关键。而直流闭锁、换相失败等故障可能导致送端短时无功过剩并引发暂态过电压,危及运行安全...电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是新能源大规模并网、远距离外送的关键。而直流闭锁、换相失败等故障可能导致送端短时无功过剩并引发暂态过电压,危及运行安全。文中突破传统基于电压-电流级联控制的电流源外特性快速无功补偿装置的技术原理,提出一种应用构网型无功补偿装置(grid-forming based reactive power compensation device,GFM-RPC)抑制新能源送端暂态过电压的方法,构建基于微分-代数关系的电压动态分析模型,阐明GFM-RPC抑制暂态过电压机理,并分析GFM-RPC相比现有基于静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator,STATCOM)抑制暂态过电压方法的优势。利用仿真验证GFM-RPC抑制新能源送端暂态过电压的效果,并分析主要参数对过电压抑制效果的影响。研究表明,STATCOM这类电流源外特性的无功补偿装置在直流输电系统故障瞬间呈现出恶化电压动态的“反调”特性,而GFM-RPC能够克服这种“反调”特性,并且通过合理的参数配置可以进一步抑制电压幅值的超调量。展开更多
文摘The paper introduces one design idea that making use of SCM to control Real-timely the dynamic compensation of reactive power.Firstly,design one Circuit to Sample the voltage and current,and by these datas we can easily calculate the power factor,and Voltage controller in the microcontroller to determine whether input the compensation capacitance according to the size of power factor,the paper also analyzes the principle of capacitance compensation and calculation method. Dynamic compensation for the entire process is quick and accurate.
文摘Frequent occurrence of large-scale cascading trip-off of wind turbine raises the concern about the decision process of ordered control of reactive power compensation devices. The theory of fuzzy multi-attribute decision making is adopted to ascertain the action sequence of reactive power compensation devices. First, a set of evaluation indexes including control sensitivity, regulation margin, response time, response level and cost is set up, and fuzziness of the proposed qualitative indexes is introduced to make them comparable to the proposed quantitative indexes. Then a method to calculate fuzzy weight of each index is put forward for evaluating relative importance of the proposed indexes. Finally, the action sequence of reactive power compensation devices is determined through the theory of fuzzy compromise decision making. The case study shows that the proposed method is effective to obtain the action sequence of reactive power compensation device which correspond to experience.
文摘This article investigates the power quality enhancement in power system using one of the most famous series converter based FACTS controller like IPFC (Interline Power Flow Controller) in Power Injection Model (PIM). The parameters of PIM are derived with help of the Newton-Raphson power flow algorithm. In general, a sample test power system without FACTs devices has generated more reactive power, decreased real power, more harmonics, small power factor and poor dynamic performance under line and load variations. In order to improve the real power, compensating the reactive power, proficient power factor and excellent load voltage regulation in the sample test power system, an IPFC is designed. The D-Q technique is utilized here to derive the reference current of the converter and its D.C link capacitor voltage is regulated. Also, the reference voltage of the inverter is arrived by park transformation technique and its load voltage is controlled. Here, a sample 230 KV test power system is taken for study. Further as the conventional PI controllers are designed at one nominal operating point they are not competent to respond satisfactorily in dynamic operating conditions. This can be circumvented by a Fuzzy and Neural network based IPFC and its detailed Simulink model is developed using MATLAB and the overall performance analysis is carried out under different operating state of affairs.
基金Project (No. 2006AA01Z226) supported by the Hi-Tech Researchand Development Program (863) of China
文摘An integrated laser diode driver(LDD) driving an edge-emitting laser diode was designed and fabricated by 0.35 μm BiCMOS technology. This paper proposes a scheme which combines the automatic power control loop and temperature com-pensation for modulation current in order to maintain constant extinction ratio and average optical power. To implement tem-perature compensation for modulation current,a novel circuit which generates a PTAT current by using the injecting base current of a bipolar transistor in saturation region,and alternates the amplifier feedback loop(closed or not) to control the state of the current path is presented. Simulation results showed that programmed by choice of external resistors,the IC can provide modu-lation current from 5 mA to 85 mA with temperature compensation adjustments and independent bias current from 4 mA to 100 mA. Optical test results showed that clear eye-diagrams can be obtained at 155 Mbps,with the output optical power being nearly constant,and the variation of extinction ratio being lower than 0.7 dB.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB2402700)the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(No.52272222001J).
文摘Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end AC power systems have diminished.This has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVDC link.In this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is proposed.The integrated virtual inertia control of RESs is employed for system frequency regulation.Additional dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security constraints.Then,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is established.The optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization solution.Simulations are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVDC(LCC-HVDC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
文摘Controllable saturation reactors are widely used in reactive power compensation. The control system of controllable saturation reactor determines adaption speed, accuracy, and stability. First, an innovative type of controllable saturation reactor is introduced. After that the control system is designed, and a self-tuning algorithm in PID controller is proposed in the paper. The algorithm tunes PID parameters automatically with different error signals caused by varied loads in power system. Then the feasibility of the above algorithm is verified by Simulink module of Matlab software. The results of simulation indicate that the control system can efficiently reduce adaption time and overshoot.
文摘当前静止无功补偿器(static var generator,SVG)设备损耗参数仅标注额定功率下的稳态损耗,难以在不同运行状态下实现损耗的动态精细化管理。针对变电站无功补偿设备运行损耗过大的问题,在SVG动态运行损耗模型的基础上,提出一种考虑静止无功补偿装置(static var compensator,SVC)损耗特征的协同经济运行策略,以提升变电站无功补偿设备的运行经济性。首先,对SVG动态运行损耗模型和SVC模型进行分析。然后,提出多台SVG协同经济运行的最优投运台数判据和实时功率分摊准则。最后,提出无功功率完全补偿和考虑无功补偿价值的变电站无功补偿设备协同经济运行策略。通过搭建Simulink仿真系统,验证了所提协同经济运行策略的有效性。
文摘电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)是新能源大规模并网、远距离外送的关键。而直流闭锁、换相失败等故障可能导致送端短时无功过剩并引发暂态过电压,危及运行安全。文中突破传统基于电压-电流级联控制的电流源外特性快速无功补偿装置的技术原理,提出一种应用构网型无功补偿装置(grid-forming based reactive power compensation device,GFM-RPC)抑制新能源送端暂态过电压的方法,构建基于微分-代数关系的电压动态分析模型,阐明GFM-RPC抑制暂态过电压机理,并分析GFM-RPC相比现有基于静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator,STATCOM)抑制暂态过电压方法的优势。利用仿真验证GFM-RPC抑制新能源送端暂态过电压的效果,并分析主要参数对过电压抑制效果的影响。研究表明,STATCOM这类电流源外特性的无功补偿装置在直流输电系统故障瞬间呈现出恶化电压动态的“反调”特性,而GFM-RPC能够克服这种“反调”特性,并且通过合理的参数配置可以进一步抑制电压幅值的超调量。