Tauopathies,diseases characterized by neuropathological aggregates of tau including Alzheimer's disease and subtypes of fro ntotemporal dementia,make up the vast majority of dementia cases.Although there have been...Tauopathies,diseases characterized by neuropathological aggregates of tau including Alzheimer's disease and subtypes of fro ntotemporal dementia,make up the vast majority of dementia cases.Although there have been recent developments in tauopathy biomarkers and disease-modifying treatments,ongoing progress is required to ensure these are effective,economical,and accessible for the globally ageing population.As such,continued identification of new potential drug targets and biomarkers is critical."Big data"studies,such as proteomics,can generate information on thousands of possible new targets for dementia diagnostics and therapeutics,but currently remain underutilized due to the lack of a clear process by which targets are selected for future drug development.In this review,we discuss current tauopathy biomarkers and therapeutics,and highlight areas in need of improvement,particularly when addressing the needs of frail,comorbid and cognitively impaired populations.We highlight biomarkers which have been developed from proteomic data,and outline possible future directions in this field.We propose new criteria by which potential targets in proteomics studies can be objectively ranked as favorable for drug development,and demonstrate its application to our group's recent tau interactome dataset as an example.展开更多
The dissemination of Chinese culture is closely related to the influence of national culture.Chinese culture readers serve as important carriers for cultivating global competence among young people and disseminating C...The dissemination of Chinese culture is closely related to the influence of national culture.Chinese culture readers serve as important carriers for cultivating global competence among young people and disseminating Chinese culture.They are also important measures to help different cultures eliminate cultural barriers.However,the current Chinese culture readers are of various kinds,seldom testing the readability and rarely taking consideration of the target readers’accessibility.Therefore,this study explores the factors affecting the readability of different Chinese culture readers from the perspective of English global localization,aiming to explore the ways and methods to enhance the dissemination of Chinese culture.Meanwhile,it conducted a survey on the target readers’competence in language learning and culture awareness.展开更多
Causality,the science of cause and effect,has made it possible to create a new family of models.Such models are often referred to as causal models.Unlike those of mathematical,numerical,empirical,or machine learning(M...Causality,the science of cause and effect,has made it possible to create a new family of models.Such models are often referred to as causal models.Unlike those of mathematical,numerical,empirical,or machine learning(ML)nature,causal models hope to tie the cause(s)to the effect(s)pertaining to a phenomenon(i.e.,data generating process)through causal principles.This paper presents one of the first works at creating causal models in the area of structural and construction engineering.To this end,this paper starts with a brief review of the principles of causality and then adopts four causal discovery algorithms,namely,PC(Peter-Clark),FCI(fast causal inference),GES(greedy equivalence search),and GRa SP(greedy relaxation of the sparsest permutation),have been used to examine four phenomena,including predicting the load-bearing capacity of axially loaded members,fire resistance of structural members,shear strength of beams,and resistance of walls against impulsive(blast)loading.Findings from this study reveal the possibility and merit of discovering complete and partial causal models.Finally,this study also proposes two simple metrics that can help assess the performance of causal discovery algorithms.展开更多
A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional G...A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional Gilbert mixer pair in commutating mode. A quadrature down-conversion mixer based on this topology is designed and optimized for an ultra high frequency RFID reader. Operating in the 915MHz ISM band, the presented quadrature mixer measures a conversion gain of 12.5dB,an IIP3 of 10dBm, an IIP2 of 58dBm, and an SSB noise figure of 17.6riB. The chip was fabricated in a 0. 18μm 1P6M RF CMOS process and consumes only 3mA of current from a 1.8V power supply.展开更多
Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for ...Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he developed.Design/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-B-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-B-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu）, as does BITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//epiphanet.uth.tme.edu/）. Bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery tools and that these are actually able to help them make experimental discoveries in the lab and in the clinic. Originality/value： This paper discusses problems and issues which were inherent in Don＇s thoughts during his life, including those which have not yet been fully taken up and studied systematically.展开更多
AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the reade...AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the readers. Gold standard findings were pre-defined by gastroenterologists. Ten gold standard ＂targets＂ were identified among the 10 cases. Readers were given a 30-min overview of Rapid Reader software and instructed to mark any potential areas of abnormalities. A software program was developed using SAS to analyze the thumbnailed findings. RESULTS： The overall sensitivity for detecting the gold standard findings was 80%. As a group, at least 5 out of 10 readers detected each gold standard finding per recording. All the gold standard targets were identified when the readers＇ results were combined. Incidental finding/false positive rate ranged between 8.2-59.8 per reader. CONCLUSION： A panel of medical students with minimal endoscopic experience can achieve high sensitivity in detecting lesions on capsule endoscopy. A group of novice readers can pre-screen recordings to thumbnail potential areas of small bowel lesions for further review. These thumbnails must be reviewed to determine the clinical relevance. Further studies are ongoing to assess other cohorts.展开更多
Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor read...Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor reader will be studied in terms of comparisons towards their reading speed,efficiency and reasons behind in the domain of psychological perspectives.展开更多
Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present ar...Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.展开更多
This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of th...This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of the WJG, to make it more interactive, and to accommodate our readers' interest, the editors ask the readers for their input regarding potential new proposed changes and new subsections listed below:(1) new subsection-selected highlights from other related Baishideng Publishing Group world series journals;(2) new subsection-challenging images of the week-a quiz with an answer and references on another page;(3) to re-introduce or restore for some issues the cover page on which selected illustration;(4) new subsection-new hypotheses, new concepts and revisiting old concepts in a short, commentary format;(5) preview of the forthcoming issue articles(title and authors);(6) suggestions submitted by the readers-new topics and initiatives; and(7) additional topic area-molecular basis of gastric/liver diseases as an additional area for articles submitted to the journal.展开更多
Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especiall...Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especially in the environment of highly intense competition of this industry.Even with the application of high technology in the news industry,the significance of the headline is enormously strengthened rather than weakened.On the one hand,the mission of the headline determines its significance.And on the other,its characteristics help to achieve the responsibility.Therefore the particular language adopted in the headline,namely "headlinese",must contain certain features which could appeal readers' attention.This paper will focus on the characteristics of the English newspaper headline and find out how it captures readers.展开更多
Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,edit...Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,editorials,commentaries,etc in different fields of emergency medicine.The content of articles could be varied in medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and pharmaceutical aspects of the subject areas.The journal also deals with basic sciences and experimental work.展开更多
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases Internat...Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,展开更多
Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in ...Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Papers cover the medical展开更多
Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Dis...Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the展开更多
基金supported by funding from the Bluesand Foundation,Alzheimer's Association(AARG-21-852072 and Bias Frangione Early Career Achievement Award)to EDan Australian Government Research Training Program scholarship and the University of Sydney's Brain and Mind Centre fellowship to AH。
文摘Tauopathies,diseases characterized by neuropathological aggregates of tau including Alzheimer's disease and subtypes of fro ntotemporal dementia,make up the vast majority of dementia cases.Although there have been recent developments in tauopathy biomarkers and disease-modifying treatments,ongoing progress is required to ensure these are effective,economical,and accessible for the globally ageing population.As such,continued identification of new potential drug targets and biomarkers is critical."Big data"studies,such as proteomics,can generate information on thousands of possible new targets for dementia diagnostics and therapeutics,but currently remain underutilized due to the lack of a clear process by which targets are selected for future drug development.In this review,we discuss current tauopathy biomarkers and therapeutics,and highlight areas in need of improvement,particularly when addressing the needs of frail,comorbid and cognitively impaired populations.We highlight biomarkers which have been developed from proteomic data,and outline possible future directions in this field.We propose new criteria by which potential targets in proteomics studies can be objectively ranked as favorable for drug development,and demonstrate its application to our group's recent tau interactome dataset as an example.
文摘The dissemination of Chinese culture is closely related to the influence of national culture.Chinese culture readers serve as important carriers for cultivating global competence among young people and disseminating Chinese culture.They are also important measures to help different cultures eliminate cultural barriers.However,the current Chinese culture readers are of various kinds,seldom testing the readability and rarely taking consideration of the target readers’accessibility.Therefore,this study explores the factors affecting the readability of different Chinese culture readers from the perspective of English global localization,aiming to explore the ways and methods to enhance the dissemination of Chinese culture.Meanwhile,it conducted a survey on the target readers’competence in language learning and culture awareness.
文摘Causality,the science of cause and effect,has made it possible to create a new family of models.Such models are often referred to as causal models.Unlike those of mathematical,numerical,empirical,or machine learning(ML)nature,causal models hope to tie the cause(s)to the effect(s)pertaining to a phenomenon(i.e.,data generating process)through causal principles.This paper presents one of the first works at creating causal models in the area of structural and construction engineering.To this end,this paper starts with a brief review of the principles of causality and then adopts four causal discovery algorithms,namely,PC(Peter-Clark),FCI(fast causal inference),GES(greedy equivalence search),and GRa SP(greedy relaxation of the sparsest permutation),have been used to examine four phenomena,including predicting the load-bearing capacity of axially loaded members,fire resistance of structural members,shear strength of beams,and resistance of walls against impulsive(blast)loading.Findings from this study reveal the possibility and merit of discovering complete and partial causal models.Finally,this study also proposes two simple metrics that can help assess the performance of causal discovery algorithms.
文摘A quadrature mixer with a shared transconductor stage is analyzed,including voltage conversion gain, linearity, noise figure, and image rejection. The analysis indicates it has better performance than a conventional Gilbert mixer pair in commutating mode. A quadrature down-conversion mixer based on this topology is designed and optimized for an ultra high frequency RFID reader. Operating in the 915MHz ISM band, the presented quadrature mixer measures a conversion gain of 12.5dB,an IIP3 of 10dBm, an IIP2 of 58dBm, and an SSB noise figure of 17.6riB. The chip was fabricated in a 0. 18μm 1P6M RF CMOS process and consumes only 3mA of current from a 1.8V power supply.
基金supported by NIH grants R01LM010817 and P01AG039347
文摘Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he developed.Design/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-B-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-B-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu）, as does BITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//epiphanet.uth.tme.edu/）. Bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery tools and that these are actually able to help them make experimental discoveries in the lab and in the clinic. Originality/value： This paper discusses problems and issues which were inherent in Don＇s thoughts during his life, including those which have not yet been fully taken up and studied systematically.
基金Supported by NIH Clinical Associate Physician(CAP)Award(Dr.Jutabha),American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research Award(Dr.Jutabha),American College of Gastroenterology Capsule Endoscopy Research Award(Dr.Jutabha),NIH General Clinical Research
文摘AIM： To determine the performance of novice readers （4^th year medical students） for detecting capsule endoscopy findings. METHODS： Ten capsule endoscopy cases of small bowel lesions were administered to the readers. Gold standard findings were pre-defined by gastroenterologists. Ten gold standard ＂targets＂ were identified among the 10 cases. Readers were given a 30-min overview of Rapid Reader software and instructed to mark any potential areas of abnormalities. A software program was developed using SAS to analyze the thumbnailed findings. RESULTS： The overall sensitivity for detecting the gold standard findings was 80%. As a group, at least 5 out of 10 readers detected each gold standard finding per recording. All the gold standard targets were identified when the readers＇ results were combined. Incidental finding/false positive rate ranged between 8.2-59.8 per reader. CONCLUSION： A panel of medical students with minimal endoscopic experience can achieve high sensitivity in detecting lesions on capsule endoscopy. A group of novice readers can pre-screen recordings to thumbnail potential areas of small bowel lesions for further review. These thumbnails must be reviewed to determine the clinical relevance. Further studies are ongoing to assess other cohorts.
文摘Reading is a very essential skill in the process of knowledge aqusition,while,effective reading ability is the outcome of the good combination of both time and skills.The differences between good readers and poor reader will be studied in terms of comparisons towards their reading speed,efficiency and reasons behind in the domain of psychological perspectives.
文摘Among the sundry studies in China on John Donne's The Flea,there has been none done from the perspective of Reader-Oriented Theory to probe into the readers' roles in the construction of meaning.The present article under Wolfgang Iser's theories,in a further pursuit of the expansion of the gestalt of such studies on the poem,aims at exploring the readers' active roles in complementing,completing and recreating the textual meaning,and differentiating the implied reader and the actual reader through the poem as well as attempting to fulfill the construction of the reading cognitive model through the interpretation of the conceit the flea.
文摘This letter proposes updating the World Journal of Gastroenterology(WJG) with several new items and subsections and seeks the readers' input for these suggested changes. In order to further enhance the scope of the WJG, to make it more interactive, and to accommodate our readers' interest, the editors ask the readers for their input regarding potential new proposed changes and new subsections listed below:(1) new subsection-selected highlights from other related Baishideng Publishing Group world series journals;(2) new subsection-challenging images of the week-a quiz with an answer and references on another page;(3) to re-introduce or restore for some issues the cover page on which selected illustration;(4) new subsection-new hypotheses, new concepts and revisiting old concepts in a short, commentary format;(5) preview of the forthcoming issue articles(title and authors);(6) suggestions submitted by the readers-new topics and initiatives; and(7) additional topic area-molecular basis of gastric/liver diseases as an additional area for articles submitted to the journal.
文摘Since the emergence of newspaper,the headline has been the necessity of a news report.The Newspaper headline which takes the crucial part in a news report has been given the responsibility to capture readers,especially in the environment of highly intense competition of this industry.Even with the application of high technology in the news industry,the significance of the headline is enormously strengthened rather than weakened.On the one hand,the mission of the headline determines its significance.And on the other,its characteristics help to achieve the responsibility.Therefore the particular language adopted in the headline,namely "headlinese",must contain certain features which could appeal readers' attention.This paper will focus on the characteristics of the English newspaper headline and find out how it captures readers.
文摘Aims and Scope World Journal of Emergency Medicine(ISSN 1920-8642,CN 33-1408/R),a quarterly journal,publishes peer-reviewed original research articles,review articles including systematic review and meta-analysis,editorials,commentaries,etc in different fields of emergency medicine.The content of articles could be varied in medical,surgical,radiological,pathological,biochemical,physiological and pharmaceutical aspects of the subject areas.The journal also deals with basic sciences and experimental work.
文摘Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International Copyright 2016,Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.comAims and Scope Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews(meta-analysis,systematic review)and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases.Papers cover the medical,surgical,
文摘Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers, reviews (meta-analysis, systematic review) and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the fields of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. Papers cover the medical
文摘Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International(HBPD INT)Copyright 2008,Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International.All rights reserved.www.hbpdint.com Aims and Scope Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International publishes peer-reviewed original papers,reviews and editorials concerned with clinical practice and research in the
