Robustness and precision evaluation of the form error of micro-structured surfaces using real coded genetic algorithm

To obtain the form error of micro-structured surfaces robustly and accurately, a form er- ror evaluation method was developed based on the real coded genetic algorithm （RCGA）. The meth- od employed the average squared distance as the matching criterion. The point to surface distance was achieved by use of iterative method and the modeling of RCGA for the surface matching was also presented in detail. Parameter selection for RCGA including the crossover rate and population size was discussed. Evaluation results of series simulated surfaces without form error show that this method can achieve the accuracy of root mean square deviation （ Sq ） less than 1 nm and surface pro- file error （ St ） less than 4 nm. Evaluation of the surfaces with different simulated errors illustrates that the proposed method can also robustly obtain the form error with nano-meter precision. The e- valuation of actual measured surfaces further indicates that the proposed method is capable of pre- cisely evaluating micro-structured surfaces.

The development of real time data driving multi-axis linkage and synergic movement control system of 3D variable cross-section roll forming machine

The three dimensional variable cross-section roll forming is a kind of new metal forming technology which combines large forming force,multi-axis linkage movement and space synergic movement,and the sequential synergic movement of the ganged roller group is used to complete the metal sheet forming according to the shape of the complicated and variable forming part data.The control system should meet the demands of quick response to the test requirements of the product part.A new kind of real time data driving multi-axis linkage and synergic movement control strategy of 3D roll forming is put forward in the paper.In the new control strategy,the forming data are automatically generated according to the shape of the parts,and the multi-axis linkage movement together with cooperative motion among the six stands of the 3D roll forming machine is driven by the real-time information,and the control nodes are also driven by the forming data.The new control strategy is applied to a 48axis 3D roll forming machine developed by our research center,and the control servo period is less than 10ms.A forming experiment of variable cross section part is carried out,and the forming precision is better than±0.5mm by the control strategy.The result of the experiment proves that the control strategy has significant potentiality for the development of 3D roll forming production line with large scale,multi-axis ganged and synergic movement.

集成式轴承状态实时监测系统设计

为了满足航空发动机高速轴承状态实时监测的迫切需求,研制了一种基于以太网传输的集成式多通道同步在线监测系统。系统集成了电涡流传感器前置器和IEPE加速度支持单元,满足了35~4400 MHz范围内感应探头激励和IEPE供电需求,实现转速和振动传感信号高精度采集,并通过硬件抗混叠滤波和滑动滤波算法抑制轴承的杂散干扰。试验结果表明:系统在0~9000 r/min范围内保持架转速测量误差小于2 r/min,相对误差小于0.1%,振动灵敏度为200 mV/g,实时性能好,实现轴承状态的实时在线监测。

数字孪生驱动的巷道自动成形截割虚拟调试方法研究

针对目前巷道自动成形截割控制调试周期长、调试成本大、安全风险大、成形质量难以评价等问题,提出了一种数字孪生驱动的巷道自动成形截割虚拟调试方法。采用基于即时外观建图(RTAP−MAP)技术重建巷道三维环境,构建掘进机控制系统模型,形成虚拟调试环境,并利用虚拟传感器技术实现物理空间到虚拟环境状态的精准映射。针对难以量化评估断面成形质量的问题,确立了巷道自动成形截割性能评价方法,以断面成形截割控制过程在数据传输中心的记录为基础,主要对断面成形精度、截割效率与油缸开关次数、硬岩切割调整、超挖欠挖4个评价指标进行计算,从而为深度学习算法的迭代优化提供精准反馈信号,并提出了一种融合强化学习的自动截割控制策略,以提高自动化作业的适应性和精确度。为验证该虚拟调试方法的有效性和准确性,搭建了掘进机自动控制实验平台,并将虚拟调试系统应用于掘进巷道成形截割自动控制程序中。虚拟仿真结果表明:①被调试软件在控制关键点位处的X,Y,Z轴定位误差的最大值分别为74.8,72.93,123.67 mm,说明虚拟调试方法的定位精度达到性能要求。②虚拟样机与物理样机轨迹基本一致,说明该调试方法实现了对物理空间的映射。应用结果表明:①强化学习控制器在虚拟掘进测试中适应了复杂环境,将虚拟传感器输入有效转换为精准控制指令,验证了模拟−现实迁移训练的可行性。通过处理掘进精度和避免超欠挖的实时反馈,控制器学习并优化了策略。②优化后的断面成形截割控制性能得到了提升,根据数据库中控制量时间戳的记录,用时126 s,较优化前耗时减少了8 s。③优化后截割部末端轨迹跟踪最大误差为6.0 mm,较优化前降低了0.3 mm,避免了截割轨迹抖动导致的欠挖,同时使得轨迹和断面更加平滑。

矩阵式函数迭代惯导解算的FPGA实现

惯性导航解算的目的是处理陀螺仪和加速度计的输出信号,以获取运动物体的姿态、速度和位置信息。函数迭代惯导解算方法(iNavFIter)将运动不可交换性误差降低到了计算机截断误差水平,但计算负担是经典双子样算法的10倍左右。为了提高计算效率,提出了iNavFIter-M算法,将函数迭代惯导解算重新编排为矩阵向量形式,并在硬件FPGA上实现了iNavFIter-M算法的IP核。数值结果表明:所设计的iNavFIter-M算法IP核实现了1000Hz采样率下的高精度实时计算。

实时温度和磨粒条件下氟橡胶密封圈摩擦磨损特性研究

橡胶密封件的磨损失效严重影响了其使用寿命,而井下钻进时地层温度导致的密封件力学性能衰减和岩屑侵入导致的材料磨损失效都是加剧橡胶密封件失效的重要因素。为探讨氟橡胶(FKM)密封件在实时温度环境和磨粒条件共同作用下的磨损失效机制,通过模拟井下实际工况,研究实时温度对氟橡胶密封件力学性能的影响,开展实时温度下氟橡胶密封件与SS304钢配副的磨粒磨损实验,探究橡胶力学性能变化导致温度和磨粒条件下FKM/SS304配副接触形式转变的原因,并分析氟橡胶密封件磨损机制变化以及对摩擦因数、磨损量以及配副表面磨损形貌等的影响。结果表明:氟橡胶硬度、弹性模量等力学性能指标在实时温度升高至60℃时发生明显衰退,力学性能的衰退使密封副之间的接触形式由三体接触转变为二体接触;橡胶表面磨损形貌由60℃之前的三体磨损导致的凹坑转变为二体磨损时的表面材料剥离,金属表面磨损形貌也由犁沟为主转变为划痕损伤;橡胶磨屑形貌也因磨损机制变化逐渐转变成条状磨屑。研究结果为井下钻进机具密封件材料的选择及性能优化提供依据。

卷烟滤棒成型加工区域集控系统实现

针对滤棒成型作业区分散、设备种类多、制造厂家和数量多、接口协议复杂且不统一以及海量数据变量难识别等问题,设计并开发了基于OPC UA架构和实时内存数据库的就地滤棒加工区数采和监控系统。自主开发OPC服务器,实现了滤棒成型主、辅设备的实时数据采集,并通过高效内存数据库服务器对生产及设备信息进行海量存储,进而实现了对滤棒成型车间生产过程信息的全面、准确迁移集成,以及对滤棒生产、产量、质量、机台效率、设备状态等信息的可视化区域集控。

柱形装药土介质爆炸成坑效应的数值模拟研究

本文指出在爆炸案件中,为便于携带、掩人耳目,犯罪分子采用的炸药包装物常为瓶、罐等柱形物体;土体是爆炸现场的常见介质,土介质爆炸成坑效应的研究对爆炸案的现场重建等技术工作具有重要意义。为了研究柱形装药土介质爆炸成坑效应,通过量纲分析得出了一定条件下炸坑比例直径、炸坑比例深度是柱体比例半径和比例埋深的二元函数,并通过LS-DYNA模拟了不同柱体比例半径、比例埋深的爆炸成坑过程,根据模拟实验数据拟合出了该函数关系,最终得到了爆炸抛掷作用直径、炸坑真实深度与装药半径、炸药埋深之间的关系。

Plato’s Dialectic and Marx’s Value-Form Analysis

The comparison of Plato's description of the dialectic in his Republic with Marx's analysis of the value form in The Capital reveals certain common features striking to the reader.How is this possible?The paper discusses the grounds of possibility of such a comparison focusing on two levels:firstly,a ground of historical comparability and,secondly,a ground of systematic comparability.Based on these two grounds,the argument highlights two of the common features that can be found in both thinkers,namely the dialectic as a process of complete separation of the intellect from sense perception and as a process that supersedes the form of hypothesis of scientific thinking.

Hierarchy of mesenchymal stem cells: Comparison of multipotentmesenchymal stromal cells with fibroblast colony forming units

The organization of the compartment of mesenchymal stem cells is still obscure. Two types of human stromal precursor cells are known. Both of them are analyzed in in vitro system: mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells (MMSC) and fibroblast colony forming units (CFU-F). The aim of this study was to compare the main characteristics of MMSC and CFU-F derived from the bone marrow of 24 healthy donors. Growth and differentiation parameters, as well as relative expression levels of different genes were analyzed in MMSC and CFU-F. MMSC were cultivated for 5 passages. CFU-F concentration was determined for each bone marrow sample. The data obtained demonstrated the heterogeneity and hierarchical organization of both studied populations of stromal precursor cells-MMSC and CFU-F. These two types of stromal precursor cells turned to be different in most parameters studied. Altogether MMSC seemed to be more immature cells than CFU-F and took up the higher position in hierarchical tree of mesenchymal stem cells. The rate of differentiation and proliferative potential decreased with the donor’s age in both populations MMSC and CFU-F.

虚拟现实技术在通信设备实时监测中的应用

在监测通信设备的过程中,由于通信设备状态数据自身具有多维属性,导致监测结果与实际情况的差异较大,为此,提出虚拟现实技术在通信设备实时监测中的应用研究。在通信设备状态数据采集阶段,构建了包含监测传感模块、处理器模块以及监测信号收发模块的采集结构,并利用虚拟现实图像转换器将采集的信号转换为三维立体形式;在测试结果中,设计方法对于通信设备的监测结果不受参数变化程度以及实际参数状态的影响,对应的监测结果与实际情况始终一致。

《民法典》第229条(法律文书导致物权变动)诉讼评注

《民法典》除以平等主体之间的社会和经济生活为要件,还包含程序要素。“程序构成要件→实体权利配置”的规范构造既呈现于《民事诉讼法》,也出现在《民法典》中。《民法典》第229条是实体/程序交错的典型例证。无论是人民政府的征收决定,还是人民法院、仲裁机构的法律文书,均体现出行政权和司法权等国家公权力对物权秩序的介入,对此应坚持谦抑性原则。征收决定导致物权变动之标准时应充分考虑补偿到位。法律文书范围的厘清亦应贯彻谦抑性,即在法律文书的三大类别与三个层次的体系定位后,将直接导致物权变动的法律文书限定为形成性文书。在“有权请求人民法院或者仲裁机构”“请求人民法院撤销”“请求人民法院分割”等形成诉权典型表述的基础上,直接导致物权变动的法律文书应考虑公示公信原则和第三人权益保护的实体内核,参酌虚假诉讼之程序规制,坚持以法院形成判决为原则,避免虚假诉讼/仲裁对民事法律关系造成不可逆的消极影响。

求解四元数矩阵方程A^(H)XA=B的基于矩阵半张量积的新方法

四元数线性系统在控制理论和工程中有广泛的应用。利用矩阵半张量积对四元数矩阵方程进行研究,提出四元数矩阵的一种实向量表示并研究其性质。结合实向量表示与矩阵半张量积,给出四元数矩阵方程A^(H)XA=B的极小范数Hermitian解的存在条件及通解表达式,并且给出相应算法。数值实验证明了实向量表示方法的可行性。

On the Identification and Discovery Logic of Realmeconomics

So long as economics is regarded as a science,its mission should be to discover and explain the patterns and phenomena of the world as other scientific disciplines do.Economics is also a theoretical paradigm structure with which humankind comprehends the real world.As far as its identification and discovery functions are concerned,economics aims to identify and appraise the economic value(value of exchange)of the nonmaterial form of material existence(things)in price or various forms of price.The object of economic research can be expanded to the identification and evaluation of nonmaterial existence.Nonmaterial existence also has its material form(physical carrier)and nonmaterial form.Various applied disciplines have derived from economics to form a system of management science.Though having exceeded certain limitations,such applied disciplines are still subject to the commitments of economic paradigms.Most problems of identification and evaluation facing economics are related to“relational existence,”which takes the forms of intra-domain relationship(and realm state),inter-realm relationship(interactions between various realms),and realms within a realm(multi-tier realm).Change in the commitment of economic paradigms,i.e.the commitment to introduce the realm paradigm into the structure of macro-paradigm aims to overcome the isolation and narrowness of traditional economic paradigms,so that economics becomes tolerant of more important factors and more capable of identifying,evaluating,and explaining the real world.By broadening the horizon of economics,the realm paradigm explores a greater“blue ocean”for the academic research of economics.Only a world perceived as consisting of realm economies with different characteristics is a realistic and sustainable one.Economics must develop a logical system of identification and evaluation commensurate with the realm paradigm to discover and explain the economic patterns and complex phenomena in the real world.A historic task of China’s economics community in academic innovation is to transform paradigms,enhance the identification and discovery functions and explanatory power of economics,and restore the scientific nature of economics.

实对称矩阵标准形的一些应用

每个实对称矩阵都正交相似于一个对角矩阵.这是矩阵代数里最基本的定理之一.本文中给出这个定理的两个证明,运用这个定理处理樊畿不等式,Hadamard不等式,以及实二次型的正、负惯性指数等问题,求解几类实对称矩阵的特征值.本研究的处理方式和证明方法对理解矩阵代数的相关经典内容也许是有帮助的.

全国地震形变数据空间应用管理平台的设计与实现

通过分析传统纸质线划点之记、场地图、地质断裂活动构造图及台站观测环境等地震资料存在查阅繁琐、表达形式单一和信息量匮乏的诸多弊端,给出了“全国地震数据空间应用管理平台”的整体设计思路与功能模块实现过程,同时基于倾斜摄影测量与结构运动恢复技术(SfM),以典型跨断层场地为例,对现有二维平面地震数据构建了厘米级高分辨率三维实景模型,并将其植入该管理平台。使用效果表明:地震资料实景三维表达不但还原了外业实地监测场景和断裂产状等信息,还可提取观测曲线、活动构造定量参数,给相关科研工作者带来了全新的使用体验,更为我们传统会商提供了一种新型的会商模式。

物权变动型形成判决的效力及其实现

《民法典》第229条仅规定了物权变动型民事形成判决的内涵与效力,较为抽象。该效力牵涉两大问题:一是形成力具有的物权变动效果存在与公信制度、判决类型理论及法官路径依赖之间的适用阻碍,难以实现;二是按照“形成诉讼—形成判决—形成力”的逻辑推论,形成力具有的对世效能够约束所有人,但是对世效的范围在实践中应受到限制,此制约因素却并不明晰。为了破解症结,首先,厘定物权变动型形成判决形成力的效力边界,具化对世效的限缩情形;其次,探索促进形成力实现的有效举措,通过诉之合并、法官释明以及执行的延长救济制度为效力实现提供路径保障。

高大模板支撑系统实时安全监测关键技术研究与应用

随着现代建筑中高大模板支撑结构的广泛应用,引入实时安全监测技术成为提高施工安全性和减少事故风险的必然选择。通过数值模拟研究高大支模的受力变形和破坏机理,明确评估高大支模工作状态的监测参数。借助自动化和信息化手段,建立高支模实时监测警报系统,集成了高支模数值模拟、现场实时监测等成套技术。该系统能够自动化监测、实时分析传送和自动报警,主动发现和解决潜在安全隐患,提高监测的准确性和及时性。此外,通过巡视检查作为补充方法,进一步提高监测预警的有效性。通过实际工程证明,该系统能够保障工程安全进行,促进工程施工安全管理的进一步改进和发展。

KDF2滤棒成型机增塑剂控制系统的设计与实现

【目的】解决KDF2滤棒成型机运行过程中存在质量风险等问题,基于自动化技术设计一种KDF2滤棒成型机增塑剂控制系统。【方法】针对主机增塑剂施加系统本身设计存在的缺陷,结合信息化手段和PLC软件编程技术,将流量监测失效、人为误操作、刷辊电机故障三因素纳入检测范围,实现增塑剂施加全过程的多方位实时检测,当增塑剂施加中断或施加量不够时,系统能准确判断并报警停机。【结果】以会泽卷烟厂的KDF2滤棒成型机为对象进行测试,2021―2022年KDF2滤棒成型机增塑剂控制系统共发出报警停机12次,经核实无误报和漏报,可准确判断增塑剂施加中断和施加量偏少的问题,检测准确率达到100%。【结论】该技术可为保障KDF2滤棒成型机的硬度指标提供支持。

第三人持有不动产交付执行之困境及其化解

不动产交付执行是一种特定形式的执行,目标是将不动产的占有转移给权利人。只有占有不动产的主体才能承担剥夺占有的义务,第三人物理上持有不动产是造成不动产交付执行困境的重要原因。不动产占有的公示性、阻断持有主体变化的困难、拍定后交付权利义务的不清晰、执行力原则上的相对性等共同作用引发了不动产交付执行的困境。由于执行力相对效的力度不足,执行力绝对效要求对特定不动产的任何占有人都可实施强制执行,不限于执行依据载明的主体,亦不限于可以被变更、追加为被执行人的主体。构建我国对第三人持有的不动产交付执行的体系需要结合执行力相对效与绝对效的方案,交错适用执行力绝对效与执行力相对效,如此才能在确保执行正当性的基础上,实现执行债权人的权利。