Low-Power Operational Amplifier for Real-Time Signal Processing System of Micro Air Vehicle

A low-power complementary metal oxide semiconductor（CMOS） operational amplifier （op-amp） for real-time signal processing of micro air vehicle （MAV） is designed in this paper.Traditional folded cascode architecture with positive channel metal oxide semiconductor（PMOS） differential input transistors and sub-threshold technology are applied under the low supply voltage.Simulation results show that this amplifier has significantly low power,while maintaining almost the same gain,bandwidth and other key performances.The power required is only 0.12 mW,which is applicable to low-power and low-voltage real-time signal acquisition and processing system.

Real-Time Traffic Signal Timing for Urban Road Multi-Intersection

this paper develops a real-time traffic signal timing model which is to be integrated into a single intersection for urban road, thereby solving the problem of traffic congestion. We analyze the current situation of the traffic flow with release matrix firstly, and then put forward the basic models to minimize total delay time of vehicles at the intersection. The optimal real-time signal timing model (non-fixed cycle and non-fixed split) is built with the Webster split optimal model. At last, the simulated results, which are compared with conventional model, manifest the promising properties of proposed model.

Real-Time Discrete Adaptive Control of Robot Arm Based on Digital Signal Processing

A discrete model reference adaptive controller of robot arm is obtained by integrating the reduced dynamic model of robot, model reference adaptive control （MRAC） and digital signal processing （DSP） computer system into an electromechanical system. With the DSP computer system, the control signal of each joint of the robot arm can be processed in real time and independently. The simulation and experiment results show that with the control strategy, the robot achieved a good trajectory following precision, a good decoupling performance and a high real-time adaptivity.

Real-time measurement of high rotational projectile axial acceleration based on 2-axis acceleration sensor

The real-time measurement principle of high rotational projectile＇s angular velocity based on 2-axis acceleration sensor and the axial acceleration measurement error caused by the installation error are discussed.The 2-axis acceleration sensor is applied to measure the high rotational projectile＇s angular velocity and the measurement value of axial acceleration,the axial acceleration of the high rotational projectile equals the measurement value of axial acceleration subtracting the centrifugal acceleration component,so that the high-accuracy real-time measurement of axial acceleration is realized.The memory test has confirmed the strike tally of the theoretical analysis and the test result.The measurement technique can satisfy the high-accuracy measurement of the high rotational projectile axial acceleration in the self-determination course correction fuze projectile.

Simulation of large-scale numerical substructure in real-time dynamic hybrid testing

A solution scheme is proposed in this paper for an existing RTDHT system to simulate large-scale finite element （FE） numerical substructures. The analysis of the FE numerical substructure is split into response analysis and signal generation tasks, and executed in two different target computers in real-time. One target computer implements the response analysis task, wherein a large time-step is used to solve the FE substructure, and another target computer implements the signal generation task, wherein an interpolation program is used to generate control signals in a small time-step to meet the input demand of the controller. By using this strategy, the scale of the FE numerical substructure simulation may be increased significantly. The proposed scheme is initially verified by two FE numerical substructure models with 98 and 1240 degrees of freedom （DOFs）. Thereafter, RTDHTs of a single frame-foundation structure are implemented where the foundation, considered as the numerical substructure, is simulated by the FE model with 1240 DOFs. Good agreements between the results of the RTDHT and those from the FE analysis in ABAQUS are obtained.

A Novel Method for Real-Time Monitoring of Channel Siltation Based on Bistatic Scattering Theory

Monitoring the thickness changes of channel siltation is paramount in safeguarding navigation and guiding dredging, This paper presents a novel method for realizing the field monitoring of channel siltation in real time. The method is based on the bistatic scattering theory and concerned more with the receiving and processing of multipath signal at high-frequency and small grazing angle. By use of the multipath propagation structure of underwater acoustic channel, the method obtains the silt thickness by calculating the relative time delay of acoustic signals between the direct and the shortest bottom reflected paths. Bistatic transducer pairs are employed to transmit and receive the acoustic signals, and the GPS time synchronization technology is introduced to synchronize the transmitter and receiver, The WRELAX （Weighted Fourier transforul and RELAX） algorithm is used to obtain the high resolution estimation of muhipath time delay. To examine the feasibility of the presented method and the accuracy and precision of the developed system, a series of sea trials are conducted in the southwest coast area of Dalian City, north of the Yellow Sea. The experimental results are compared with that using high-resolution dual echo sounder HydroBoxTM, and the uncertainty is smaller than ＋ 0.06 m. Compared with the existing means for measuring the silt thickness, the present method is innovative, and the system is stable, efficient and provides a better real-time performance. It especially suits monitoring the narrow channel with rapid changes of siltation.

Real-Time Maqam Estimation Model in Max/MSP Configured for the Nāy

Automatic maqam estimation is considered significant toward improving multimedia live music performances and automatic accompaniment. This contribution proposed a real-time maqam estimation model developed in the visual programming language MAX/MSP and configured for the nāydukah. The model’s design stood on basic formulas of Arab music maqamat as explained in theory and applied in practice. The model consisted of different layers of competition;the first was for the identification of the instant tonic of the melodic figure, and the second was for the recognition of its identifying E (E, E half-flat and E flat). Those two competitions were used to estimate the maqam in real-time. Then, accumulated estimation results were used to estimate the maqam in longer durations;five-second and full duration. The model was evaluated using professionally performed nāy improvisations. Results reflected a success in estimating all the studied maqamat when the full improvisation was considered. In addition, results were very good for real-time and five-second estimation where average estimation confidence was 75.98% and 80.04%, respectively.

Acceleration of optical coherence tomography signal processing by multi-graphics processing units

A multi-GPU system designed for high-speed,real-time signal processing of optical coherencetomography(OCT)is described herein.For the OCT data sampled in linear wave numbers,themaximum procesing rates reached 2.95 MHz for 1024-OCT and 1.96 MHz for 2048-OCT.Data sampled using linear wavelengths were re-sampled using a time-domain interpolation method and zero-padding interpolation method to improve image quality.The maximum processing rates for1024-OCT reached 2.16 MHz for the time-domain method and 1.26 MHz for the zero-paddingmethod.The maximum processing rates for 2048-0CT reached_1.58 MHz,and 0.68 MHz,respectively.This method is capable of high-speed,real-time processing for O CT systems.

Implementation of GPR Signals De-Noising Based on DSP

An important issue of ground-penetrating radar （GPR） signals analysis is de-noising thai is the guarantee of acquiring good detecting effect. The paper illustrates a successful application of digital single processor （DSP） based on wavelet shrinkage algorithm. In order to realize real-time GPP, signals analysis, some key issues are discussed such as the realization of fast wavelet transformation, the selection of CPU chip and the optimization of data movement. Experimenial results show that the DSP based application not only basically meets the real-time requirement of GPP, signals analysis, but also assures the quality of the GPR signals analysis.

基于云计算的农业机器人远程实时控制系统研究

首先,介绍了农业机器人软硬件平台,建立了其移动模型;然后,基于云计算设计了远程实时控制系统;最后,实现了农业机器人远程实时控制和通信系统,操作人员可以通过遥操作实现对该机器人的远程控制。实验结果表明:农业机器人能够按照操作指令从起点A行走到终点B,且系统具有延迟低、灵活性较好等优点,具备一定的可靠性和可行性。

羟基红花黄色素A通过调控环氧合酶2/前列腺素E_(2)信号通路减轻大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤

目的观察羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)对环氧合酶2(COX-2)/前列腺素E_(2)(PGE_(2))信号通路的影响,探讨HSYA对脑缺血再灌注损伤(CIRI)的保护机制。方法90只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(S组)、手术组(CIRI组)、HSYA组和塞来昔布组(C组),HSYA组进一步分为HSYA低剂量组(HSYA-L组)、HSYA中剂量组(HSYA-M组)和HSYA高剂量组(HSYA-H组),每组15只。线栓法制备脑缺血再灌注损伤模型。各组大鼠于术前30 min腹腔注射给药,HSYA各组分别给予HSYA 10、15、25 mg/kg,C组给予塞来昔布40 mg/kg,S组和CIRI组给予等量的生理盐水。各组大鼠模型制作苏醒后立刻进行神经功能学评分,再灌注24 h时进行脑梗死体积检测,同时Nissl染色观察神经细胞损伤,Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测COX-2 mRNA和蛋白的变化,ELISA检测PGE_(2)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素(IL)-1β的变化。结果与S组比较,CIRI组神经功能学评分显著升高(P<0.05),脑梗死体积显著增加(P<0.05),神经细胞损伤较重,数目显著降低(P<0.05),COX-2 mRNA和蛋白的表达显著增多,同时PGE_(2)、TNF-α和IL-1β的表达也显著增多(P<0.05);与CIRI组比较,HSYA组及C组神经功能学评分明显降低(P<0.05),脑梗死体积明显减少(P<0.05),神经细胞损伤减轻,数目明显增加(P<0.05),COX-2 mRNA和蛋白及PGE_(2)、TNF-α和IL-1β的表达均明显下降(P<0.05),且HSYA各组之间及HSYA-L组和HSYA-M组与C组比较差异均较显著(P<0.05),而HSYA-H组与C组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论HSYA减轻缺血性脑卒中再灌注损伤可能与抑制COX-2/PGE_(2)信号通路有关。

微小RNA-199a-5p保护大鼠脑缺血后血-脑屏障完整性

目的探讨微小RNA(miR)-199a-5p保护脑缺血后血-脑屏障(BBB)完整性的机制。方法通过SPF级成年雄性SD大鼠建立永久性大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)模型,48只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、MCAO+miR-199a-5p组和MCAO+miR-199a-5p阴性对照组,每组12只。应用Ludmila Belayev 12分评分法评估大鼠的神经行为学表现;采用Evans蓝染色检测脑缺血后BBB的完整性;免疫荧光染色检测脑缺血后细胞凋亡;Western blotting技术检测claudin-5、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶调节亚基2(PIK3R2)、p-Akt、Akt和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)-A的蛋白表达;利用Real-time PCR检测脑缺血半暗带、梗死区miR-199a-5p、claudin-5及VEGF-A表达水平。结果MiR-199a-5p mimic干预增强MCAO大鼠本体感觉和运动能力。MiR-199a-5p降低脑缺血后PIK3R2的表达,激活Akt信号通路,并增加缺血半暗带中claudin-5和VEGF-A的表达。此外,miR-199a-5p减轻了脑缺血后的炎症。MiR-199a-5p降低脑缺血后BBB渗透性,减少神经细胞凋亡。结论MiR-199a-5p可降低缺血性脑卒中后PIK3R2的表达,激活Akt信号通路,降低炎性细胞因子的表达,减轻缺血性脑卒中对BBB的破坏。

多通道离散量在线监测模块的设计与实现

随着工业领域电子设备集成度的不断提高,针对多类型、大数量离散量信号的实时监测需求,设计了基于FPGA与CPCI总线的多通道离散量在线监测模块。通过扩展多个传感器芯片并内嵌FPGA幅值计算程序,该模块可并行测量96路输入信号幅值。对外采用CPCI总线通用接口,可在线更新检测参数,支持后走线,理论上可扩展实现任意数量离散量信号的在线监测,克服了传统离散量测试电路体积大、测量参数固定、信号通道少的问题。经过通道一致性、实时性、可靠性测试验证,该模块测量准确,性能稳定,能够满足测试设备小型化、集成化的使用要求。

基于毫米波雷达的心房颤动检测

提出一种基于毫米波雷达的非接触式实时心房颤动检测技术。首先使用60 GHz的PCR毫米波雷达持续采集目标对象的胸部回波信号,然后通过I-Q解调生成I-Q信号,接着基于有效点相位趋势评估法提取信号相位信息并获得微动信号,再经过数字滤波提取呼吸信号和心动信号,通过特征提取获得心脏运动特征,最后基于时域房颤波特征判断房颤发生情况。本研究的创新性主要体现在:为提取更精确的信号相位信息,提出有效点相位趋势评估法;为实现实时房颤检测,提出时域房颤判别方法。实验结果表明本研究的心房颤动检测系统对临床患者的房颤检测准确率达99.2%。

基于多核DSP的星载双基FMCW SAR成像算法实现

调频连续波(frequency modulated continuous wave,FMCW)合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)降低了传感器的峰值传输功率,使系统的重量和成本最小化,被广泛应用于机载平台。将双基地构型与FMCW技术相结合,应用于星载平台,即构成星载双基地FMCW SAR。本文对距离多普勒(range-Doppler,RD)算法进行改进,建立起一种高性能的适宜星载双基地平台的FMCW SAR成像频域算法,这种算法的处理精度明显提高,成像效果更好。基于多核数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)构建适用于星载双基SAR成像算法的并行处理架构,完成软硬件设计实现。验证了所提软件架构可以满足实时成像需求,以及算法工程化实现的可行性。

自相关加权融合的高精度频率估计算法

为保证雷达对抗侦察系统在复杂电磁环境下的工作性能,提出了一种基于自相关加权融合的多段信号频率估计算法。对各段含噪信号进行自相关处理得到初相位为零、频率与原信号一致的高信噪比正弦信号,利用反余切算子构建支持度矩阵对自相关信号进行实时加权融合,在粗估计基础上建立参考信号,通过最小化误差函数求得高精度频率估计结果。仿真结果表明,相较于现有算法,本文算法在满足较低计算量的同时,不但精度明显提高,且在不同信噪比、信号长度以及信号异常等条件下均具备稳定的估计性能,为基于多传感器的雷达对抗情报侦察提供了参考。

GPS/QZSS在亚太地区实时相对定位性能分析

利用BNC(BKG NTRIP client)传输的实时观测数据,从可见卫星数、位置精度因子(position dilution of precision, PDOP)、多路径效应、信噪比和实时相对定位精度等方面对GPS和QZSS在亚太地区的定位性能进行评估和分析。结果表明,QZSS与GPS组合后,可见卫星数增加,卫星几何构型更好,可提高定位精度的可用性和可靠性;QZSS卫星多路径效应的变化规律与GPS卫星一致,且QZSS卫星各频点的多路径误差大多小于GPS卫星;GPS和QZSS卫星各频点的信噪比随高度角变化趋势基本相同;在N、E、U方向上,GPS/QZSS组合的实时相对定位精度比GPS有所提升。

基于压电振动传感器的骨折愈合状态模拟实时检测系统

为解决传统影像检查无法实时检测骨折愈合状态,以及植入式检测方法手术难度大、可能引起排斥反应的问题,设计了一种基于压电振动传感器的骨折愈合状态模拟实时检测系统。该系统主要包括5个部分:骨折愈合状态模拟、振动模块、振动信号调理模块、单片机控制模块和上位机。通过模拟环境采集骨折愈合状态的振动信号,然后通过单片机控制模块传输至上位机进行处理并实时检测。同时,对比分析朴素贝叶斯、决策树和随机森林集成学习几种不同算法在检测分类效果上的差异。结果表明,使用随机森林集成学习算法进行骨折愈合状态模拟的检测分类,响应时间不超过0.2 s,准确率达98.2%,这不仅保证了系统的实时性,而且提高了系统检测分类的准确性。

基于光纤感知参数的长距离管道清管器自动化运行实时监测系统

为解决长距离管道清管器作业时,若出现卡堵状态未能及时发现定位,导致管道不能正常输送这一问题,设计基于光纤感知参数的长距离管道清管器自动化运行实时监测系统。考虑清管器卡堵时,卡堵振动信号主要作用于管道光缆光纤上,为此,系统利用长距离管道同沟铺设的通信光缆,组建光纤振动感知网络。由光源模块对管道光缆光纤持续输入光脉冲,并使用光电探测器接收返回的光纤感知信号,将光纤感知的光信号变成电信号模式发送至PC端。使用基于PNN的清管器光纤振动信号分类器,由基于光纤感知参数的清管器定位方法,结合此信号从光源模块发射、被光电探测器接收的时间差参数,运算振动的清管器位置。实验中,该系统可实时跟踪清管器的位置,及时掌握清管器的运行状态,监测位置与实际位置仅存在0.01 m的偏差。

A new real-time algorithm of wavelet transform for detection of sudden-changing signals of power systems

With a complex wavelet function, a new real-time recursive algorithm of wavelet transform (WT) is analyzed in detail. Compared with the existing recursive algorithm in two directions, the computing time is greatly reduced in response to faults signals in power systems, and the same recursive algorithm can be generalized to other wavelet functions. With the phases and magnitudes of complex WT coefficients under the fast recursive algorithm, a method to detect faults signals of power systems is presented. Lastly, the analyzing results of some signals show that it is effective and practical for the complex wavelet and its real-time recursive algorithm to detect faults of power systems.