LDA-ID:An LDA-Based Framework for Real-Time Network Intrusion Detection

Network intrusion poses a severe threat to the Internet.However,existing intrusion detection models cannot effectively distinguish different intrusions with high-degree feature overlap.In addition,efficient real-time detection is an urgent problem.To address the two above problems,we propose a Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model-based framework for real-time network Intrusion Detection(LDA-ID),consisting of static and online LDA-ID.The problem of feature overlap is transformed into static LDA-ID topic number optimization and topic selection.Thus,the detection is based on the latent topic features.To achieve efficient real-time detection,we design an online computing mode for static LDA-ID,in which a parameter iteration method based on momentum is proposed to balance the contribution of prior knowledge and new information.Furthermore,we design two matching mechanisms to accommodate the static and online LDA-ID,respectively.Experimental results on the public NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets show that our framework gets higher accuracy than the others.

A survey of real-time rendering on Web3D application

Background In recent years, with the rapid development of mobile Internet and Web3D technologies, a large number of web-based online 3D visualization applications have emerged. Web3D applications, including Web3D online tourism, Web3D online architecture, Web3D online education environment, Web3D online medical care, and Web3D online shopping are examples of these applications that leverage 3D rendering on the web. These applications have pushed the boundaries of traditional web applications that use text, sound, image, video, and 2D animation as their main communication media, and resorted to 3D virtual scenes as the main interaction object, enabling a user experience that delivers a strong sense of immersion. This paper approached the emerging Web3D applications that generate stronger impacts on people's lives through “real-time rendering technology”, which is the core technology of Web3D. This paper discusses all the major 3D graphics APIs of Web3D and the well-known Web3D engines at home and abroad and classify the real-time rendering frameworks of Web3D applications into different categories. Results Finally, this study analyzed the specific demand posed by different fields to Web3D applications by referring to the representative Web3D applications in each particular field. Conclusions Our survey results show that Web3D applications based on real-time rendering have in-depth sectors of society and even family, which is a trend that has influence on every line of industry.

Real-time virtual sonography visualization and its clinical application in biliopancreatic disease

AIM:To evaluate the usefulness of real-time virtual sonography(RVS)in biliary and pancreatic diseases.METHODS:This study included 15 patients with biliary and pancreatic diseases.RVS can be used to observe an ultrasound image in real time by merging the ultrasound image with a multiplanar reconstruction computed tomography(CT)image,using pre-scanned CT volume data.The ultrasound used was EUB-8500with a convex probe EUP-C514.The RVS images were evaluated based on 3 levels,namely,excellent,good and poor,by the displacement in position.RESULTS:By combining the objectivity of CT with free scanning using RVS,it was possible to easily interpret the relationship between lesions and the surrounding organs as well as the position of vascular structures.The resulting evaluation levels of the RVS images were12 excellent(pancreatic cancer,bile duct cancer,cholecystolithiasis and cholangiocellular carcinoma)and 3 good(pancreatic cancer and gallbladder cancer).Compared with conventional B-mode ultrasonography and CT,RVS images achieved a rate of 80%superior visualization and 20%better visualization.CONCLUSION:RVS has potential usefulness in objective visualization and diagnosis in the field of biliary and pancreatic diseases.

Optimizing Real-Time Performance of 3D Virtual Mining Environment with MultiGen Creator

System optimization plays a crucial role in developing VR system after 3D modeling, affecting the system's Immersion and Interaction performance enormously. In this article, several key techniques of optimizing a virtual mining system were discussed: optimizing 3D models to keep the polygon number in VR system within target hardware's processing ability; optimizing texture database to save texture memory with perfect visual effect; optimizing database hierarchy structure to accelerate model retrieval; and optimizing LOD hierarchy structure to speed up rendering.

A State-of-the-Art Survey on Real-Time Issues in Embedded Systems Virtualization

Virtualization has gained great acceptance in the server and cloud computing arena. In recent years, it has also been widely applied to real-time embedded systems with stringent timing constraints. We present a comprehensive survey on real-time issues in virtualization for embedded systems, covering popular virtualization systems including KVM, Xen, L4 and others.

Establishment of Real-Time Quantitative PCR Method for the Determination of Transposon Copy Number in Cronobacter sakazakii

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a Real-Time quantitative PCR method for the determination of transposon copy number in C. sakazakii. [ Method ] With single-copy housekeeping gene atpD as the reference gene, recombinant plasmid containing both single-copy housekeeping gene atpD and EZ-TN5 transposon was constructed; based on the established standard curves for real-time quantitative detection of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon, copy number of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transpason in three C. sakazakii mutants was detected and the ratio was calculated. [ Result] Correlation coefficients of the standard curves for real-time quantitative detection of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon were 0. 999 and 0.998, respectively ; the ratios of copy number of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon in three C. sakazakii mutants were 0.98, 1.17 and 0.91, respectively, which indicates that EZ-TN5 transpeson in C. sakakii mutants is a single-copy. [ Conclusion] Real-time quantitative PCR method established in this study had high availability and could replace the Southern blot method to detect the copy num- ber of EZ-TN5 transposon in different bacteria.

A study of novel real-time power balance strategy with virtual asynchronous machine control for regional integrated electric-thermal energy systems

The development of regional integrated electric-thermal energy systems(RIETES) is considered a promising direction for modern energy supply systems. These systems provide a significant potential to enhance the comprehensive utilization and efficient management of energy resources. Therein, the real-time power balance between supply and demand has emerged as one pressing concern for system stability operation. However, current methods focus more on minute-level and hour-level power optimal scheduling methods applied in RIETES. To achieve real-time power balance, this paper proposes one virtual asynchronous machine(VAM) control using heat with large inertia and electricity with fast response speed. First, the coupling timescale model is developed that considers the dynamic response time scales of both electric and thermal energy systems. Second, a real-time power balance strategy based on VAM control can be adopted to the load power variation and enhance the dynamic frequency response. Then, an adaptive inertia control method based on temperature variation is proposed, and the unified expression is further established. In addition, the small-signal stability of the proposed control strategy is validated. Finally, the effectiveness of this control strategy is confirmed through MATLAB/Simulink and HIL(Hardware-in-the-Loop) experiments.

Direct immune-SCIR public-opinion propagation model based on real-time online users

Current public-opinion propagation research usually focused on closed network topologies without considering the fluctuation of the number of network users or the impact of social factors on propagation. Thus, it remains difficult to accurately describe the public-opinion propagation rules of social networks. In order to study the rules of public opinion spread on dynamic social networks, by analyzing the activity of social-network users and the regulatory role of relevant departments in the spread of public opinion, concepts of additional user and offline rates are introduced, and the direct immune-susceptible, contacted, infected, and refractory (DI-SCIR) public-opinion propagation model based on real-time online users is established. The interventional force of relevant departments, credibility of real information, and time of intervention are considered, and a public-opinion propagation control strategy based on direct immunity is proposed. The equilibrium point and the basic reproduction number of the model are theoretically analyzed to obtain boundary conditions for public-opinion propagation. Simulation results show that the new model can accurately reflect the propagation rules of public opinion. When the basic reproduction number is less than 1, public opinion will eventually disappear in the network. Social factors can significantly influence the time and scope of public opinion spread on social networks. By controlling social factors, relevant departments can analyze the rules of public opinion spread on social networks to suppress the propagate of negative public opinion and provide a powerful tool to ensure security and stability of society.

Influences of Network Delay on Quality of Experience for Soft Objects in Networked Real-Time Game with Haptic Sense

In this paper, we investigate the influences of network delay on QoE (Quality of Experience) such as the operability of haptic interface device and the fairness between players for soft objects in a networked real-time game subjectively and objectively. We handle a networked balloon bursting game in which two players burst balloons (i.e., soft objects) in a 3D virtual space by using haptic interface devices, and the players compete for the number of burst balloons. As a result, we find that the operability depends on the network delay from the local terminal to the other terminal, and the fairness is mainly dependent on the difference in network delay between the players’ terminals. We confirm that there exists a trade-off relationship between the operability and the fairness. We also see that the contribution of the fairness is larger than that of the operability to the comprehensive quality (i.e., the weighted sum of the operability and fairness). Assessment results further show that the output timing of terminals should be adjusted to the terminal which has the latest output timing to maintain the fairness when the difference in network delay between the terminals is large. In this way, the comprehensive quality at each terminal can be maintained as high as possible.

On the Integration of Dramaticity and Virtuality in English Movie Creation——Take "The Number One Player" as An Example

English movie works have a unique style.From the newly released"Number One Player",The research problem is mainly to discover the dramatic narrative style and the characteristics of virtuality.

基于虚拟电厂区间主从博弈的车网互动优化调度

为更好地挖掘电动汽车调节潜力,解决车网互动各主体的利益冲突,并克服分布式电源出力与负荷不确定性的影响,提出了基于虚拟电厂区间主从博弈的车网互动双层优化调度模型,将虚拟电厂聚合商作为上层,电动汽车用户作为下层。上层模型采用区间数描述源、荷的不确定性,以虚拟电厂聚合商的运营成本最低为优化目标,负责更新电价信息并传输至下层模型;下层模型以电动汽车用户满意度最大和成本最小为优化目标,负责求解用户充放电行为并返回至上层模型。采用融合区间可能度的改进粒子群算法,求解主从博弈最优调度结果。算例仿真表明:所提模型能够在削峰填谷的同时,统筹考虑聚合商与电动汽车用户的双边利益,并具有较好的鲁棒性。

元宇宙诉讼的认知、障碍和建构逻辑

我国现阶段诉讼数智化发展面临着诉讼平台破碎化和数据壁垒化的双重困境,元宇宙技术的体系化和虚拟化特征高度迎合我国打造全系统一体化、全时空泛在化的人民法院信息化4.0版的司法改革需求,通过整合现有数字化技术群,元宇宙诉讼能对现有的数字化司法资源进行再分配,是突破现阶段民事智能司法发展瓶颈和内卷现状的重要契机。在看到元宇宙巨大的潜在诉讼利用价值的同时也需警惕技术至上主义,未来元宇宙诉讼的构建在技术开发上应以司法人员为主导,在设计理念上秉承以人为本的指导思想,应划清人机协同的分工界限,并明确智能司法决策的责任主体以强化对技术的法律约束。

A heuristic mixed real-time task allocation of virtual utilization in multi-core processor

Multi-core processor is widely used as the running platform for safety-critical real-time systems such as spacecraft,and various types of real-time tasks are dynamically added at runtime.In order to improve the utilization of multi-core processors and ensure the real-time performance of the system,it is necessary to adopt a reasonable real-time task allocation method,but the existing methods are only for single-core processors or the performance is too low to be applicable.Aiming at the task allocation problem when mixed real-time tasks are dynamically added,we propose a heuristic mixed real-time task allocation algorithm of virtual utilization VU-WF(Virtual Utilization Worst Fit)in multi-core processor.First,a 4-tuple task model is established to describe the fixedpoint task and the sporadic task in a unified manner.Then,a VDS(Virtual Deferral Server)for serving execution requests of fixed-point task is constructed and a schedulability test of the mixed task set is derived.Finally,combined with the analysis of VDS's capacity,VU-WF is proposed,which selects cores in ascending order of virtual utilization for the schedulability test.Experiments show that the overall performance of VU-WF is better than available algorithms,not only has a good schedulable ratio and load balancing but also has the lowest runtime overhead.In a 4-core processor,compared with available algorithms of the same schedulability ratio,the load balancing is improved by 73.9%,and the runtime overhead is reduced by 38.3%.In addition,we also develop a visual multi-core mixed task scheduling simulator RT-MCSS(open source)to facilitate the design and verification of multi-core scheduling for users.As the high performance,VU-WF can be widely used in resource-constrained and safety-critical real-time systems,such as spacecraft,self-driving cars,industrial robots,etc.

能谱CT静脉期多定量参数对于实性肺结节良、恶性诊断的价值

目的探讨静脉期能谱CT多定量参数对于鉴别肺部实性结节良、恶性的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析69例经能谱CT静脉期扫描的实性肺结节患者多定量参数,包括静脉期40~90keV虚拟单能量CT值、能谱曲线斜率、碘浓度、标准碘浓度及有效原子序数。以病理检查结果作为诊断金标准,对比良、恶性实性肺结节各定量参数情况,并分析其作用于判断肺结节良、恶性的诊断效能。结果恶性实性肺结节在静脉期40~90keV虚拟单能量CT值、能谱曲线斜率、碘浓度、标准碘浓度及有效原子序数均高于良性结节(P<0.05),ROC曲线显示,静脉期40~90keV虚拟单能量CT值、能谱曲线斜率、碘浓度、标准碘浓度及有效原子序数对于实性肺结节良、恶性鉴别均有良好的诊断效能。结论静脉期能谱多定量参数能有效鉴别实性肺结节的良、恶性。

高铁线路互联互通场景下大号码道岔应答器设置方案研究

济青高铁与胶济客专在胶州北站互联互通,为满足不同线路间运输组织的需要,胶州北站设有多组42号大号码道岔,形成了连续大号码道岔的特殊场景。结合工程实际,针对该特殊场景进行分析,提出相应的应答器设置方案。方案一考虑在各大号码道岔防护信号机外方分别设置应答器;方案二、方案四考虑仅对应一组大号码道岔设置应答器;方案三考虑在第1组大号码道岔防护信号机外方再设置2组大号码道岔应答器。通过分析各方案动车组运行状态,从运输组织效率及行车安全方面进行比选,优选出场间采用虚拟信号机结合设置大号码道岔应答器的方案。经在现场实际应用,该优选方案保障了行车安全,提高了运输效率,节约了工程投资。同时,对类似胶州北站连续大号码道岔布置的特殊场景进行思考,提出合理建议以供后续工程设计参考。

完善CTC系统自动排路技术条件方案研究

列车进路自动控制(自动排路)是调度集中系统的重要功能之一。在实际运用中如果遇到因所接收的站场信息不符合技术条件导致系统无法自动排路时,只能通过人工方式完成,不仅大幅度降低运输效率,也违背了铁路运输部门优化作业环节和人员配置的发展要求。为解决自动排路技术在运用中受站场信息影响的局限性问题,从排路时机、进路序列、列车车次号3个方面提出对应的解决方案,以提高自动排路功能的可适应性。采用调整系统触发时机的方式,实现司机、调度员作业效能的提升;在站场信息中引入虚拟股道定义方式,实现无股道站场中进路序列的生成;通过改变一离去轨道区段状态信息采集方式,实现特定场景下列车车次号的自动跟踪。经测试,该方案可有效满足相应的应用需求,也为实现特定场景下自动排路功能提供参考借鉴。

Identification of chloroquine resistance Pfcrt-K76T and determination of Pfmdr1-N86Y copy number by SYBR Green I qPCR

Objective:To identify prevalence of chloroquine resistance point mutation at(Pfcrt,K76T)and(Pfindr1.N86Y) copy number variation.Methods:SYBR Green I based real time PCR was used.One hundred and thirty-three samples were analyzed for(Pfcrt,K76T) and(Pfmdr1.N86Y) copy number from dried blood spot.Parasite DNA was extracted using high pure DNA preparation kit.The amplification of DNA was done by using AccuPower 2* GreenStar '' qPCR Master mix.For quantification purpose a new primer pair was designed for 178 base pair template from complete genome sequence of Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 at NCBI.Absolute quantification method was used to determine the Pfmdr1-N86 Y copy number variations.Standard curve was built from strain3D7 gDNA since it has single copy of Pfindr1 per haploid genome.The known positive controls with single and multi-copy number of Pfindr1 gene were included in each experiment.The copy number ratio of the samples to the standard calibrator was made to obtain the fold difference among the samples with respect to copy number variation.Results:Out of 133 samples 73(54.89%) were confirmed as mutant(Pfcrt,76T) and the remaining 60(45.11%) were genotyped as wild type(Pfcrt,K76).The(Pfindr1.N86Y) copy number variation was determined for 133 clinical samples.Out of these samples 61(45.86%)had single copy and the remaining 72(54.14%) had multi-copy numbers higher than 1.5 copies per genome.Thirty-four(25.56%) multi-copies were between 1.5 and 2.5 copies per genome while 38(28.57%) were more than 2.5 copies per genome.The minimum and maximum copies per genome were 0.474 and 4.741.respectively.Conclusions:The study showed high prevalence level and fixation of Pfcrt.76 T mutation after chloroquine withdrawal.The prevalence of Pfindr1 copy number variant suggested that the presence of modulating factor for emergence of Plasmodium falciparum strains with higher copy numbers.However,the prevalence level was not statistically significant.

A New Algorithmic Approach for Detection and Identification of Vehicle Plate Numbers

This work proposes a method for the detection and identification of parked vehicles stationed. This technique composed many algorithms for the detection, localization, segmentation, extraction and recognition of number plates in images. It is acts of a technology of image processing used to identify the vehicles by their number plates. Knowing that we work on images whose level of gray is sampled with (120×180), resulting from a base of abundant data by PSA. We present two algorithms allowing the detection of the horizontal position of the vehicle: the classical method “horizontal gradients” and our approach “symmetrical method”. In fact, a car seen from the front presents a symmetry plan and by detecting its axis, that one finds its position in the image. A phase of localization is treated using the parameter MGD (Maximum Gradient Difference) which allows locating all the segments of text per horizontal scan. A specific technique of filtering, combining the method of symmetry and the localization by the MGD allows eliminating the blocks which don’t pass by the axis of symmetry and thus find the good block containing the number plate. Once we locate the plate, we use four algorithms that must be realized in order to allow our system to identify a license plate. The first algorithm is adjusting the intensity and the contrast of the image. The second algorithm is segmenting the characters on the plate using profile method. Then extracting and resizing the characters and finally recognizing them by means of optical character recogni-tion OCR. The efficiency of these algorithms is shown using a database of 350 images for the tests. We find a rate of lo-calization of 99.6% on a basis of 350 images with a rate of false alarms (wrong block text) of 0.88% by image.

原子能级粒子数热布局虚拟仿真实验的设计开发与教学实践

本虚拟仿真实验探究稀土离子热耦合能级粒子数随温度的变化规律。使学生掌握温度对原子能级粒子数的影响,并建立温度与荧光强度、荧光强度比之间的关系,深入探究温度对荧光强度和荧光强度比影响的区别和联系,加强对此部分理论知识的理解。进一步将理论知识进行实际应用,利用荧光强度比测量温度。通过本实验的学习,使学生对原子能级性质的理解更加深刻、掌握正确的荧光测试系统搭建过程,光路调节方法以及光谱数据的计算分析方法。激发了学生的学习兴趣,夯实了理论基础,并能学以致用,使学生对知识理解透彻,获得事半功倍的教学效果,仿真实验成绩优秀率达81%。

Augmented virtual environment: fusion of real-time video and 3D models in the digital earth system

An Augmented virtual environment(AVE)is concerned with the fusion of real-time video with 3D models or scenes so as to augment the virtual environment.In this paper,a new approach to establish an AVE with a wide field of view is proposed,including real-time video projection,multiple video texture fusion and 3D visualization of moving objects.A new diagonally weighted algorithm is proposed to smooth the apparent gaps within the overlapping area between the two adjacent videos.A visualization method for the location and trajectory of a moving virtual object is proposed to display the moving object and its trajectory in the 3D virtual environment.The experimental results showed that the proposed set of algorithms are able to fuse multiple real-time videos with 3D models efficiently,and the experiment runs a 3D scene containing two million triangles and six real-time videos at around 55 frames per second on a laptop with 1GB of graphics card memory.In addition,a realistic AVE with a wide field of view was created based on the Digital Earth Science Platform by fusing three videos with a complex indoor virtual scene,visualizing a moving object and drawing its trajectory in the real time.