Determining the Copy Number of Exogenous Gene in Transgenic Plant by SYBR Green Real-time Quantitative PCR

[Objective] To explore the feasibility of using SYBR Green real-time quantitative PCR technique to estimate the copy numbers of exogenous gene in a transgenic plant.[Methods] Using SYBR Green real-time quantitative PCR technique,we have determined the copy numbers of the exogenous CYCD3;1 in transgenic Arabidopsis by comparing an endogenous single copy reference gene with CYCD3;1 copy numbers in transgenic plant,meanwhile comparing CYCD3;1 copy numbers between wild plant and transgenic plant.[Results]The exogenous CYCD3;1 copy numbers calculated by this method is identical with results of traditional Southern blot analysis which is highly accurate.[Conclusion]This method is simple,effective and safe for estimating transgene copy numbers.

LDA-ID:An LDA-Based Framework for Real-Time Network Intrusion Detection

Network intrusion poses a severe threat to the Internet.However,existing intrusion detection models cannot effectively distinguish different intrusions with high-degree feature overlap.In addition,efficient real-time detection is an urgent problem.To address the two above problems,we propose a Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model-based framework for real-time network Intrusion Detection(LDA-ID),consisting of static and online LDA-ID.The problem of feature overlap is transformed into static LDA-ID topic number optimization and topic selection.Thus,the detection is based on the latent topic features.To achieve efficient real-time detection,we design an online computing mode for static LDA-ID,in which a parameter iteration method based on momentum is proposed to balance the contribution of prior knowledge and new information.Furthermore,we design two matching mechanisms to accommodate the static and online LDA-ID,respectively.Experimental results on the public NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 datasets show that our framework gets higher accuracy than the others.

Establishment of Real-Time Quantitative PCR Method for the Determination of Transposon Copy Number in Cronobacter sakazakii

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a Real-Time quantitative PCR method for the determination of transposon copy number in C. sakazakii. [ Method ] With single-copy housekeeping gene atpD as the reference gene, recombinant plasmid containing both single-copy housekeeping gene atpD and EZ-TN5 transposon was constructed; based on the established standard curves for real-time quantitative detection of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon, copy number of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transpason in three C. sakazakii mutants was detected and the ratio was calculated. [ Result] Correlation coefficients of the standard curves for real-time quantitative detection of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon were 0. 999 and 0.998, respectively ; the ratios of copy number of atpD gene and EZ-TN5 transposon in three C. sakazakii mutants were 0.98, 1.17 and 0.91, respectively, which indicates that EZ-TN5 transpeson in C. sakakii mutants is a single-copy. [ Conclusion] Real-time quantitative PCR method established in this study had high availability and could replace the Southern blot method to detect the copy num- ber of EZ-TN5 transposon in different bacteria.

Dragonair Flies Record Number of Passengers, Cargo in 2005

Dragonair flew a record number of passengers and carried a record amount of freight last year. ……

Direct immune-SCIR public-opinion propagation model based on real-time online users

Current public-opinion propagation research usually focused on closed network topologies without considering the fluctuation of the number of network users or the impact of social factors on propagation. Thus, it remains difficult to accurately describe the public-opinion propagation rules of social networks. In order to study the rules of public opinion spread on dynamic social networks, by analyzing the activity of social-network users and the regulatory role of relevant departments in the spread of public opinion, concepts of additional user and offline rates are introduced, and the direct immune-susceptible, contacted, infected, and refractory (DI-SCIR) public-opinion propagation model based on real-time online users is established. The interventional force of relevant departments, credibility of real information, and time of intervention are considered, and a public-opinion propagation control strategy based on direct immunity is proposed. The equilibrium point and the basic reproduction number of the model are theoretically analyzed to obtain boundary conditions for public-opinion propagation. Simulation results show that the new model can accurately reflect the propagation rules of public opinion. When the basic reproduction number is less than 1, public opinion will eventually disappear in the network. Social factors can significantly influence the time and scope of public opinion spread on social networks. By controlling social factors, relevant departments can analyze the rules of public opinion spread on social networks to suppress the propagate of negative public opinion and provide a powerful tool to ensure security and stability of society.

我国民航客运碳排放因子及影响因素研究

针对民航碳排放问题,对民航客运碳排放影响因素进行研究,构建飞机碳排放因子模型,选取保有量较高的典型机型进行实证研究,分析机型大小、航程、客座率、经停次数对碳排放因子的影响.研究结果表明:飞行器技术提升、客座率、平均运距、大型飞机的比例上升,我国民航客运碳排放因子呈下降趋势;仅改变航程时,碳排放因子随航程增加而下降,2 000 km航程下典型机型A330、B787、A321、B737满载且以额定巡航速度飞行的碳排放因子较800 km下降13%~22%;仅改变经停次数时,碳排放因子随经停次数增加而增大,且大型飞机经停的碳排放因子增幅更大,1 000 km航程下,A330、A321满载时经停1次碳排放因子较直达时分别增加约31%、19%;经停导致的碳排放因子上升可由经停带来的客座率提升抵消,为保持碳排放因子保持不变,大型飞机所需客座率上升的比例更高,1 500 km航程下,直达航班客座率为50%时,A330、A321机型经停1次的客座率需要分别达到62.1%、57.7%,才能使经停航班的碳排放因子与直达航班保持一致;从碳排放角度考虑,中型客机比大型客机更适合开行经停航班.

基于手机信令数据的拟建机场潜在旅客数量分析

旅客吞吐量是支撑机场可持续运营的最基础条件,也是新建机场可行性研究工作中最重要的基础数据之一。海量手机信令数据分析可掌握城市人流活动特征,特别是大范围空间移动特征,为机场旅客分析提供一种全新的数据获取技术方法。文章基于机场建设前期工作中的实际需求,提出了一种对拟建机场潜在旅客数量统计分析的方法。该方法结合手机信令数据真实性、实时性、海量性的特点,对当前进出目标城市的人群进行分类,筛选出通过航空方式出行意愿最强烈的人群,从而计算出拟建机场潜在旅客数量,为提高机场旅客吞吐量预测的准确性奠定了基础。

Identification of chloroquine resistance Pfcrt-K76T and determination of Pfmdr1-N86Y copy number by SYBR Green I qPCR

Objective:To identify prevalence of chloroquine resistance point mutation at(Pfcrt,K76T)and(Pfindr1.N86Y) copy number variation.Methods:SYBR Green I based real time PCR was used.One hundred and thirty-three samples were analyzed for(Pfcrt,K76T) and(Pfmdr1.N86Y) copy number from dried blood spot.Parasite DNA was extracted using high pure DNA preparation kit.The amplification of DNA was done by using AccuPower 2* GreenStar '' qPCR Master mix.For quantification purpose a new primer pair was designed for 178 base pair template from complete genome sequence of Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 at NCBI.Absolute quantification method was used to determine the Pfmdr1-N86 Y copy number variations.Standard curve was built from strain3D7 gDNA since it has single copy of Pfindr1 per haploid genome.The known positive controls with single and multi-copy number of Pfindr1 gene were included in each experiment.The copy number ratio of the samples to the standard calibrator was made to obtain the fold difference among the samples with respect to copy number variation.Results:Out of 133 samples 73(54.89%) were confirmed as mutant(Pfcrt,76T) and the remaining 60(45.11%) were genotyped as wild type(Pfcrt,K76).The(Pfindr1.N86Y) copy number variation was determined for 133 clinical samples.Out of these samples 61(45.86%)had single copy and the remaining 72(54.14%) had multi-copy numbers higher than 1.5 copies per genome.Thirty-four(25.56%) multi-copies were between 1.5 and 2.5 copies per genome while 38(28.57%) were more than 2.5 copies per genome.The minimum and maximum copies per genome were 0.474 and 4.741.respectively.Conclusions:The study showed high prevalence level and fixation of Pfcrt.76 T mutation after chloroquine withdrawal.The prevalence of Pfindr1 copy number variant suggested that the presence of modulating factor for emergence of Plasmodium falciparum strains with higher copy numbers.However,the prevalence level was not statistically significant.

A New Algorithmic Approach for Detection and Identification of Vehicle Plate Numbers

This work proposes a method for the detection and identification of parked vehicles stationed. This technique composed many algorithms for the detection, localization, segmentation, extraction and recognition of number plates in images. It is acts of a technology of image processing used to identify the vehicles by their number plates. Knowing that we work on images whose level of gray is sampled with (120×180), resulting from a base of abundant data by PSA. We present two algorithms allowing the detection of the horizontal position of the vehicle: the classical method “horizontal gradients” and our approach “symmetrical method”. In fact, a car seen from the front presents a symmetry plan and by detecting its axis, that one finds its position in the image. A phase of localization is treated using the parameter MGD (Maximum Gradient Difference) which allows locating all the segments of text per horizontal scan. A specific technique of filtering, combining the method of symmetry and the localization by the MGD allows eliminating the blocks which don’t pass by the axis of symmetry and thus find the good block containing the number plate. Once we locate the plate, we use four algorithms that must be realized in order to allow our system to identify a license plate. The first algorithm is adjusting the intensity and the contrast of the image. The second algorithm is segmenting the characters on the plate using profile method. Then extracting and resizing the characters and finally recognizing them by means of optical character recogni-tion OCR. The efficiency of these algorithms is shown using a database of 350 images for the tests. We find a rate of lo-calization of 99.6% on a basis of 350 images with a rate of false alarms (wrong block text) of 0.88% by image.

单线客运专线铁路速度目标值研究

单线客运专线铁路作为一种新型铁路,相关设计规范尚未发布,关于其速度目标值的研究也少有开展。以西青茶铁路、银巴支线为研究背景,首先,论证建设单线客运专线铁路的合理性;其次,结合设计实践、运营经验以及我国铁路技术装备发展水平和趋势等,采用定性与定量分析相结合的方法进行研究,提出该类型铁路适宜的速度目标值为160~200 km/h;再次,为改善理论达速比及平均旅行速度等运营指标,结合客流特征提出适用的“追踪+成对”运输组织方案;最后,通过与高速铁路、城际铁路、市域铁路进行技术特征及参数对比分析,对单线客运专线铁路的适应性进行阐述。研究成果可为类似项目决策和设计提供参考,并为制订相关设计规范提供借鉴。

考虑实时载客量的公交信号优先策略改进控制模型

传统的公交信号优先策略往往依据公交车到达交叉口时刻或公交车固定载客量,无法有效地反映公交车实际载客量影响。针对该问题,考虑公交车实时载客量,以通过交叉口所有乘客的人均延误最小为优化目标,建立了交叉口公交信号优先控制模型;将公交IC卡和GPS数据进行匹配,比对公交站点乘客上车数,推算公交站点乘客下车数,分析了公交车通过交叉口时的实时载客量;提出了公交信号优先改进策略,分析该策略下各相位延误,引入公交优先强度系数;构建了交叉口人均延误模型和公交信号优先控制模型,采用启发式搜索算法求解该模型。研究结果表明:与传统的公交信号优先策略相比,考虑实时载客量的改进绿灯延长、改进绿灯早启公交信号优先策略的周期人均延误分别降低了20.98%、18.11%。

基于出行特征的汽车客运站最高聚集人数测算研究

为实现汽车客运站最高聚集人数的准确测算,在现有客运站最高聚集人数研究成果基础上,进一步探索出行特征与旅客到站时间之间的影响机理,针对同一车站不同发车环境下的班车旅客到站时间倾向性进行统计分析,认为旅客因出行特征的不同,其到站时间存在明显差异;在保证数据获取便捷的基础上选取5个出行特征对旅客到站时间进行预测;进而构建考虑旅客到站时间差异的车站最高聚集人数计算模型,并以重庆陈家坪汽车站为例进行案例分析,验证了方法的有效性。

基于Trans-SEQICR模型的铁路客流控制研究

基于传统传染病模型、综合考虑客流流动传染和病毒传播特点,建立了TransSEQICR模型。通过对模型的平衡点、基本再生数及特征值的求解,反解铁路客流控制量。使用该模型对2022年两城市间疫情传播趋势进行模拟,对比分析不同客流控制情况下的疫情传播规模。研究结果表明,通过模型求解可得到合理的客流控制量,以此为依据可有效限制铁路客流引发的疫情传播,为铁路部门未来面对各类传染病时的运营与科学防控提供决策支持。

基于运行数据的公交客车动力系统参数优化

为使公交客车在载客量和工况多变的情况下发挥混合动力系统的节能潜力,提出了基于运行数据的混合动力客车动力系统参数优化方法。基于车联网数据,利用核主成分分析(KPCA)和粒子群优化(PSO)K均值聚类分析构建了具有代表性的某市公交客车行驶工况;针对公交客车运营中乘客人数随机变化的特点,建立基于最优拉丁超立方设计(OptLHD)的混合动力客车动力系统参数双层优化模型,内层采用Opt-LHD产生乘客人数,采用发动机最优控制策略将系统响应传递至外层优化算法。仿真结果表明,优化后的动力系统参数对不确定因素有更强的适应性,燃油消耗量较优化前平均减少9.97%。

大型客运站最高聚集人数仿真计算方法研究

铁路客运站最高聚集人数传统计算方法采用静态公式计算,忽略了车站功能布局、客流组织方案与最高聚集人数的互动影响。在研究旅客最高聚集人数形成机理的基础上,提出并证明3个规律,揭示最高聚集人数影响因素的作用规律、最高聚集人数的周期特性和出现时间;通过对15万条现场统计数据的拟合分析,提出旅客提前到站时间分布密度函数;运用车站客流组织仿真系统,研究提出车站最高聚集人数的仿真计算方法,并采用北京南站数据进行验算。结果表明,该方法可为车站方案设计、运营管理方案编制提供参考。

基于乘客多运动行为的公交客流计数判定方法

针对基于单目视觉的公交乘客人数统计判定方法不稳定、计数结果不准确的现状,结合公交车门附近乘客运动行为的复杂性和多样性,以及乘客运动行为对计数判定方法的干扰,给出一种基于乘客多运动行为分析的计数判定方法。采用轨迹聚类的方式对乘客运动行为进行分析,结合轨迹的空间特征和方向特征计算轨迹距离,并使用层次聚类方法进行聚类。分析聚类结果中每一类别所对应乘客类的运动行为,讨论各乘客类的运动行为对常用计数判定准则的影响,由此提出一种改进的公交车客流计数判定方法。利用采集的乘客上下公交车视频图像进行实验,结果表明,该方法能获得较高的统计精度和较好的稳定性。

辛烷值对现代汽油车油耗与排放影响的整车试验

辛烷值对维持汽油机的理想运转起到重要作用。该文用整车转鼓试验，研究了辛烷值对现代汽油车燃油经济性及排放的影响。5辆试验汽车分别采用缸内直喷（gasoline direct injection，GDI）与进气道喷射（port fuel injection，PFI）2种发动机和涡轮增压与自然吸气2种技术，采用研究法辛烷值（RON）为91．9～98．4的6种汽油，在新欧洲驾驶循环（NEDC）条件下进行试验。结果表明：采用先进技术的汽车，使用高辛烷值汽油时，节油效果明显：RON每提升1个单位，车辆燃油经济性可提升约1％；辛烷值较高（RON为97）时的汽车获得节油效果约为辛烷值较低（RON为93）时的2倍。提高辛烷值，可不同程度改善排放。

车底需要数最少的旅客列车始发范围优化模型

研究目的:在归纳旅客列车始发时间范围影响因素和介绍客车车底需要组数确定方法的基础上,深入分析旅客列车始发时间域与车底需要数之间的相互关系,进而建立车底需要数最少的旅客列车始发时间域优化模型,并提出传统方法与启发式方法相结合的求解算法,为确定车底需要数最少的客车开行方案提供决策依据。研究结论:(1)客车车底需要数是衡量铁路旅客列车开行方案优劣的重要指标,且会在很大程度上影响到铁路客运的运营成本和运营效益,而旅客列车始发时间域则是决定车底需要数的重要因素;(2)以车底在配属站和折返站停留总时间最少为目标建立优化模型,可得到车底需要数最少的旅客列车始发时间范围,对优化旅客列车开行方案具有一定的实际意义。

公交车调度的规划数学模型

本文根据有序样本聚类的Fisher算法 ,给出一种峰值曲线的优化方法 ,通过该方法我们得出了上行客流峰值为 5个 ,其峰值区间为 :5 :0 0 6 :0 0 ,6 :0 0 9:0 0 ,9:0 0 16 :0 0 ,16 :0 0 18:0 0 ,18:0 0 2 3:0 0 ;下行客流峰值为 5个 ,其峰值区间为 :5 :0 0 7:0 0 ,7:0 0 9:0 0 ,9:0 0 16 :0 0 ,16 :0 0 19:0 0 ,19:0 0 2 3:0 0。 然后 ,依据峰值区间建立确定发车间隔的算法Ⅰ模型和算法Ⅱ模型 ,对两种算法模型计算结果进行比较分析 ,得出结论 :两个间隔高峰类时间段用算法Ⅰ进行求解 ,其余 3个类时间段用算法Ⅱ进行求解。在各个时间段结合处用光滑法进行优化处理 ,并以处理后的数据为基础制定出两个起点站的发车时刻表 ,并求出全线共需要 47辆车 ,乘客对方案的满意程度为 98 2 % ,公交公司的满意程度为 76 2 3%。 最后 ,运用随机服务系统的相关理论建立随机规划模型 ,给出概率灵敏度和误差分析 ,进而得出采集运营数据的较好方案。

基于时刻表协调的同台换乘聚集人数计算模型

从时刻表协调的角度,建立了不同到站间隔下地铁同台换乘站聚集人数的计算模型,并且采用Anylogic软件对乘客的实际集散行为进行仿真.仿真结果与模型计算得到的站台最大聚集人数相近,验证了模型的有效性.算例结果表明:在两方向列车发车间隔相同的情况下,同台换乘站的最大聚集人数随着两方向列车到站间隔时间的增加而减少.在算例的假设条件下,当两线路列车同时到站时,站台聚集人数最多;在此基础上,两线路列车的到站间隔时间每增加30 s,站台的最大聚集人数减少一定人数;当到站间隔时间达到150 s时,站台最大聚集人数降至最低.