Evolutionary-assisted reinforcement learning for reservoir real-time production optimization under uncertainty

Production optimization has gained increasing attention from the smart oilfield community because it can increase economic benefits and oil recovery substantially.While existing methods could produce high-optimality results,they cannot be applied to real-time optimization for large-scale reservoirs due to high computational demands.In addition,most methods generally assume that the reservoir model is deterministic and ignore the uncertainty of the subsurface environment,making the obtained scheme unreliable for practical deployment.In this work,an efficient and robust method,namely evolutionaryassisted reinforcement learning(EARL),is proposed to achieve real-time production optimization under uncertainty.Specifically,the production optimization problem is modeled as a Markov decision process in which a reinforcement learning agent interacts with the reservoir simulator to train a control policy that maximizes the specified goals.To deal with the problems of brittle convergence properties and lack of efficient exploration strategies of reinforcement learning approaches,a population-based evolutionary algorithm is introduced to assist the training of agents,which provides diverse exploration experiences and promotes stability and robustness due to its inherent redundancy.Compared with prior methods that only optimize a solution for a particular scenario,the proposed approach trains a policy that can adapt to uncertain environments and make real-time decisions to cope with unknown changes.The trained policy,represented by a deep convolutional neural network,can adaptively adjust the well controls based on different reservoir states.Simulation results on two reservoir models show that the proposed approach not only outperforms the RL and EA methods in terms of optimization efficiency but also has strong robustness and real-time decision capacity.

Research and application of real-time monitoring and early warning thresholds for multi-temporal agricultural products information

Monitoring and early warning is an important means to effectively prevent risks in agricultural production,consumption and price.In particular,with the change of modes of national administration against the background of big data,improving the capacity to monitor agricultural products is of great significance for macroeconomic decision-making.Agricultural product information early warning thresholds are the core of agricultural product monitoring and early warning.How to appropriately determine the early warning thresholds of multi-temporal agricultural product information is a key question to realize real-time and dynamic monitoring and early warning.Based on the theory of abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information and the research of substantive impact on the society,this paper comprehensively discussed the methods to determine the thresholds of agricultural product information fluctuation in different time dimensions.Based on the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China(NBSC)and survey data,this paper used a variety of statistical methods to determine the early warning thresholds of the production,consumption and prices of agricultural products.Combined with Delphi expert judgment correction method,it finally determined the early warning thresholds of agricultural product information in multiple time,and carried out early warning analysis on the fluctuation of agricultural product monitoring information in 2018.The results show that:(1)the daily,weekly and monthly monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural products play an important early warning role in monitoring abnormal fluctuations with agricultural products;(2)the multitemporal monitoring and early warning thresholds of agricultural product information identified by the research institute can provide effective early warning on current abnormal fluctuation of agricultural product information,provide a benchmarking standard for China's agricultural production,consumption and price monitoring and early warning at the national macro level,and further improve the application of China's agricultural product monitoring and early warning.

Routine Supportive Supervision and Management of Medicines and Other Health Products and Technologies in Vihiga County, Kenya

Health Products and Technologies (HPTs) are pivotal for an efficient health system. Availability and accessibility to affordable health products are critical indicators towards achieving universal health coverage. Routine supportive supervision, performance monitoring, recognition of efforts and client feedback are vital activities toward health supply chain system strengthening. This is a descriptive paper that describes a model of integrated commodity supportive supervision, and mentorship and its impact on various outcomes of health commodity management. Data were abstracted from the standardized scored checklists used during integrated commodity supportive supervision and supply chain audit in public health facilities in Vihiga County. Scores for the period 2020 to 2022 were analyzed on the eight key areas of interest. The analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 26). Results are interpreted at 95% Confidence interval. This paper also shares findings from both quantitative and qualitative data from client exit and facility managers’ interviews. Six complete rounds of supervisions, three clients and service providers’ interviews, and three annual award events have been conducted. We observed trends across six data collections points and compared the results at first point or baseline (January-June 2020) to the results at the last point or end line (April-June 2022). Findings show significant improvements on the eight parameters in terms of mean scores as follows: resolution of issues from previous visits by 35.06% (46.75% - 81.81%);storage of HPTs by 17.41% (68.72% - 86.13%);inventory management by 28.16% (42.67% - 70.83%);availability and use of commodity data management information systems (MIS) tools by 22.39% (74.40% - 96.79%);verification of commodity data by 25.61% (65.56% - 91.17%);availability of guidelines and job aids for commodity management by 46.28% (36.65% - 82.93%). There was an improvement on the mean score on accountability by 20.22% (58.58% - 83.51%). The composite (final) score improved by 28.33% (56.19% - 84.52%). There was progressive narrowing of the standard deviations on all the indicators across the study period. This demonstrates that there is standardization of practices and positive competition among all the public health facilities. There were significant improvements on all the eight indicators. Routine integrated commodity supportive supervision has proven to be an effective high impact intervention in improving management of health products and technologies in Vihiga County, Kenya.

Comparison of Two Real-time PCR Technigues for Quantification of GMO Contents in Highly Processed Products of Soybean

The RR soybean was quantitatively detected by ABI Prism 7300 sequence detector with PCR primers and fluorescence probes were designed according to the sequences of endogenous Lectin gene and exogenous CP4-EPSPS gene, and the PCR systems were based on SYBR Green I and TaqMan. The standard curve of ACt between CP4-EPSPS gene and Lectin gene of the RR soybean in standard materials was generated and a linear regression equation was obtained. Quantification methods were optimized through two different real-time PCR chemistries, i.e. SYBR Green I and TaqMan, and the RR soybean contents were quantified in five standard samples and seven highly processed products by the two assays. Both methods are proved to be specific, highly sensitive and reliable for both identification and quantification of soybean DNA. The results indicate that the two optimized PCR system can be used for the practical quantitative detection of RR soybean in highly processed products.

AQSIQ Popularizing Nation-wide Launching of Electronic Network for Product Quality Supervision

According to AQSIQ, it has made an effort to popularize the launching ofelectronic ''network for product quality supervision in the whole nation. China Product QualitySupervision Electronic Network is a nation-wide network, which employs modern informationtechnology, network technology and encoding technology to supervise enterprises'' products in anelectronic way. The new system labels digital information on all items of products that are includedin the network.

Theoretical Application of Supervision over Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products

Supervision over quality and safety of agricultural products has received high attention of management department.Competent authorities have formulated and issued many measures to strengthen supervision over quality and safety of agricultural products and improve China's agricultural product quality and safety level.From the perspective of management science,this paper elaborates basic contents of two basic management theories,Broken Windows Effect and Effect of Heat Furnace.Then,it analyzes influence of Broken Windows Effect and Effect of Heat Furnace on supervision over quality and safety of agricultural products.Finally,it comes up with recommendations for supervision over quality and safety of agricultural products.

Innovation of Supervision System for Quality and Safety of Edible Agricultural Products

This paper elaborated multidimensional characteristics of quality and safety of agricultural products,introduced current situation of quality and safety supervision of edible agricultural products in China,analyzed existing problems of quality and safety supervision system and corresponding reasons,and finally came up with recommendations for innovation of supervision system for quality and safety of agricultural products.

Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Plant

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （RQ-PCR） is a detection method by adding fluorescent dye or fluorescent probe into the PCR reaction system, using fluorescent signal accumulation to monitor amplification reactions of PCR reaction process, and finally the unknown template can be quantitatively analyzed through the standard curve. So the detection level of PCR has improved from the qualitative to the quantitative. In order to provide a theoretical reference for further application, the principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages of RQ-PCR were intro- duced, and its application and progress in plants in recent years were reviewed.

Evaluation and Analysis for Survey of Tea Production Quality Safety Management and Control

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the quality safety of tea production in China.[Methods]With the production of famous and high-quality green tea in the western Sichuan tea areas as the investigation object,the practice survey and comprehensive evaluation analysis method were adopted to conduct research on tea production quality safety management and control,and a comprehensive evaluation was carried out in combination with the survey.[Results]Statistical analysis and scoring were carried out according to relevant indices,and the current situation of tea production quality safety was comprehensively evaluated.Four hazards were found,including pesticide residues,heavy metal residues,harmful microorganisms and non-tea impurities,and improvement measures were proposed.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical reference for improving the quality safety of tea production in China.

盐穴储气库井注采完井质量控制及监督要点

盐穴储气库井注采完井是储气库建设和安全运行的关键,其质量直接影响了储气库的寿命和经济效益。通过分析注采完井过程中常见的管柱渗漏、井下工具失效、密封性检测及注采气井口试压不合格等问题。结合现场施工工艺,从注采完井前密封性检测、注采完井、注采完井后密封性检测3个施工环节,提出了具体的监督要点和管控措施,对盐穴储气库井注采完井作业进行有效干预,从而达到控制和提升盐穴储气库井注采完井质量的目的。

Research on Product Quality Law System

Product quality law refers to the combination of various economical relationships and legal norms in the process of production,circulation and administration.It combines the operation of the market with the state supervision.Studying on the legislation style will be of theoretical and practical significance.

政府财会监督与企业新质生产力——基于财政部门预算信息披露质量的视角

财会监督是党和国家监督体系的重要组成部分,在规范财经秩序和促进经济社会健康发展等方面发挥着重要作用,但鲜有文献从财政部门预算信息披露质量的视角出发探究政府财会监督的微观治理效应。本文基于31个省区市财政部门预算信息披露质量的视角,利用2011—2021年A股上市公司的经验数据,实证检验政府财会监督对企业新质生产力的影响效应及作用机制。研究发现,政府财会监督能够显著提高企业新质生产力。影响机制检验发现,政府财会监督可以通过提高财政资金管理水平、优化资源配置效率和减少政府干预程度进而提高企业新质生产力。异质性检验发现,政府财会监督对企业新质生产力的促进作用在内部控制质量较高、管理层短视较弱和代理成本较低的企业更为明显。研究结论丰富了企业新质生产力影响因素的相关文献,有利于为厘清财政部门作为政府财会监督主责部门的微观治理效能,驱动企业新质生产力发展提供经验证据。

基于大模型的重点工业产品缺陷预测评价研究

传统监管模式难以适应重点工业产品的高速发展,重点工业产品质量缺陷风险监管需要从传统监管模式向智能监管模式转变,本文构建重点工业产品的缺陷预测评价大模型,设立外部数据预测单元和内部数据预测单元、七个预测模型,实现基于人工智能的重点工业产品缺陷预测评价体系。为重点工业产品质量缺陷预测和评价提供分析与决策支持,为重点工业产品质量安全监管模式提供思路。

Edible agro-products quality and safety in China

Ensuring an acceptable level of edible agro-products quality and safety is necessary to provide adequate protection for con- sumers. It is the first time that we analyzed the edible agro-products quality and safety issues in the supply chain, including production, processing, circulation, and consumption. The results indicate that the agro-products quality and safety levels improves steadily, and the supervision system and standardization system are both enhanced significantly, however, certain challenges still remain in each stage of the supply chain and the entire supervision process. Finally, five recommendations regarding four aspects （production, processing, circulation, and consumption） are concluded.

Engineering Projects Real-Time Supervision Mechanism Based on Grid Management

This paper proposes an innovative supervision method that can provide project supervisors with realtime supervision of engineering projects and contractor activity. To obtain real-time and comprehensive state of project, we use grid management to divide the project supervision grid in three levels: stage, objective, and milestone. Then, a detailed supervision mechanism is designed to help supervisors measure the project situation in real time. This mechanism checks that if the project objectives(such as schedule, cost, quality, and safety) in every supervision grid cell are under the healthy limits, any project deviation can be identified as soon as possible.A schedule objective is selected as an example to illustrate the method used to calculate the healthy limit.

Prediction of Protein Expression and Growth Rates by Supervised Machine Learning

The DNA sequences of an organism play an important influence on its transcription and translation process, thus affecting its protein production and growth rate. Due to the com-plexity of DNA, it was extremely difficult to predict the macroscopic characteristics of or-ganisms. However, with the rapid development of machine learning in recent years, it be-comes possible to use powerful machine learning algorithms to process and analyze biolog-ical data. Based on the synthetic DNA sequences of a specific microbe, E. coli, I designed a process to predict its protein production and growth rate. By observing the properties of a data set constructed by previous work, I chose to use supervised learning regressors with encoded DNA sequences as input features to perform the predictions. After comparing different encoders and algorithms, I selected three encoders to encode the DNA sequences as inputs and trained seven different regressors to predict the outputs. The hy-per-parameters are optimized for three regressors which have the best potential prediction performance. Finally, I successfully predicted the protein production and growth rates, with the best R2 score 0.55 and 0.77, respectively, by using encoders to catch the potential fea-tures from the DNA sequences.

特色农产品销售评价大数据的弱监督分析方法

针对特色农产品评价大数据多维度分析中,可信标签不足以及挖掘消费者各维度真实情感语义困难等问题。该研究提出了一种基于弱监督训练的深度学习方法。首先,通过主题模型分析大规模评论,提取产品评价主题和关键词。然后,结合句法依存和情感词典为评论生成不同维度的伪标签。最后,构建多标签多分类深度网络,在伪标签上进行弱监督学习。结果表明,该方法在红心柚评论数据集上取得89.2%的准确率和80.3%的F1值,比随机森林算法提升了7.1个百分点的准确率和11.5个百分点的F1值。相比Transformer模型,准确率提高5.6个百分点,F1值提高2.0个百分点,参数量减少了92%。该方法能从海量评论中高效提取产品评价维度和消费者关注点,为完善农产品质量和销售服务提供数据支持。

在线诉讼的民事检察监督:证成及制度化路径

由数字化生产方式所决定的数字化司法变革催生了在线诉讼中民事检察监督的新形式,民事检察监督嵌入在线诉讼既是诉讼构造数字化的逻辑使然,也有益于实现诉讼程序中的检察监督功能。在线诉讼具备时空场域转换、有形要素缺失、技术壁垒显现等全新的特质,客观上也要求民事检察监督进行技术性和程序化的匹配。当前,在线诉讼民事检察监督作为检察监督的新命题,有必要从理念、规范以及实践的维度进行具体审视,促使其进入理论观照视野,探寻其未来的可能出路。在理念维度上,需要将技术赋权塑造为促使底层逻辑具象化的载体;在规范维度上,需要顺应在线诉讼的特质,明确检察监督的侧重点,并引入正当程序的理念实现具体规则的优化;在实践维度上,需要聚焦大数据监督平台及算法模型的适配性搭建,为全面提升在线诉讼民事检察监督的质效提供充足的技术支撑。

“两山论”对发展理论创新的实践性分析——以生态系统服务价值实现的条件组态为视角

习近平的“两山论”作为对生态发展理念的全新诠释,其核心在于强调“和谐共生”的深刻内涵,同时更深刻地揭示了可持续发展的生态路径。研究通过理论模型和案例举证对这一创新的理论价值与实践价值进行了深入分析。研究发现,生态资源管控与迂回生产的结合,以及实际交易效率的提升,是实现生态价值的两组关键条件。研究不仅揭示了各因素间的相互作用及其对生态价值实现的影响机制,还通过对比不同地区的生态价值实现案例,提炼出成功实现生态价值的共性因素和条件组合。实践证明,“两山论”不仅为发展理论注入了新的活力,而且为当今世界的发展实践提供了宝贵的指导。

数字政府驱动新质生产力发展的路径研究

发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的重要着力点。数字政府是政府治理与数字技术的有机融合,通过构建数字化智治平台,提供数据驱动的智能化公共服务,成为驱动创新和生产力发展转型的重要力量。在数字政府内部,依托“数字经济+数字党建+数字监管”三大应用系统实现多跨协同,共同推动新质生产力三大子场景向前发展。数字经济系统以“产业大脑+未来工厂”为核心模式,赋能产业实现深度转型升级;数字党建系统发挥其特有的政治、组织、文化和资源优势,调度优势力量,以攻坚技术革命性突破为目标;数字监管系统强化财会监督、审计监督和纪检监察,旨在改善营商环境,提升创新要素配置效率。为实现进一步全面深化改革的总目标,建议数字政府平台设立新质生产力发展专区,优化系统建设,加强整体智治能力,并深化数据赋能效应;深化教育综合改革,以培养适应数智时代的高素质创新型人才,为新质生产力的发展提供坚实的人才支撑。