The Agricultural Component of the Millennium Challenge Account Ghana Compact was to alleviate poverty and improve livelihoods of farmers through commercial development of farmer organizations in the intervention zones...The Agricultural Component of the Millennium Challenge Account Ghana Compact was to alleviate poverty and improve livelihoods of farmers through commercial development of farmer organizations in the intervention zones in Ghana. In Ghana, there were three intervention zones as Southern Horticultural Zone, Afram Basin Zone and Northern Horticultural Zone. Nine Farmer Based Organizations (FBO’s) of 450 farmers consisting of 65.1% males and 34.9% females in the West Mamprusi district of the Northern Horticultural Zone were trained by authors under the Millennium Development Authority (MiDA) Agricultural Project. Farmers of the FBO’s were trained on nine modules on Business Capacity Building and five modules on Organization of Commercial Business over a period of six weeks. Age range of trainee farmers was 30-39 years for males representing 37.54% and 40-49 years for females representing 29.94%. Educational level of trainee farmers was 9.90% males and 1.91% females who completed primary school. Trainee farmers who completed senior high school were 2.73% and 0.64% for males and females, respectively. There were no university graduates among the trainees of the nine farmer groups trained. Among the educated trainee farmers was 81.91% male illiterate and 91.72% illiterate. Trainees’ farm size was 0.4-2.0 hectares representing 57.43% males and 66.45% females. Attendance of male trainees over the period of six weeks was 89.76% and 10.24% absentees, whereas attendance of females over the same period was 88.96% and 11.04% absentees. Nine Action Business Plans were developed for the nine FBO’s to access financial support from the MiDA participating financial institutions in the horticultural zone for the commercial development of farmers’ organizations. This paper presents a case study analysis of Business Capacity Building and Organization of Commercial Business modules provided in the Northern Horticultural Zone to nine Farmer Based Organizations (FBO’s).展开更多
As the exertion development (PUAP) develop in Rejang Lebong Regency in Bengkulu province which had been started since 2008 by giving a kind of fund aid called Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat (BLM PUAP), to Gapoktan (Gabun...As the exertion development (PUAP) develop in Rejang Lebong Regency in Bengkulu province which had been started since 2008 by giving a kind of fund aid called Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat (BLM PUAP), to Gapoktan (Gabungan Kelompok Tani) or an organization of farmers such by giving some money as the capital used for 1) food plant cultiva-tion, horticulture, animal husbandry, plantation, and2) non-cultivation exertion such as;home industry of agriculture, small marketing scale and another agriculture exertion. By the approach which had been done is hoped to get the important result, on the other way the role of analysis factor (Social Network Analysis) from all undertaking stakeholders programs PUAP to be relevance steps aimed to understand the relation or connectivity from all factors in the network and also the role of factor inside the network itself be the relevance steps in arranging the strategy and work intention from the realization stage of PUAP program for the continuity of the realization program in the future (finding the good strategy) which aimed to develop the program of PUAP in Rejang Lebong Regency in Bengkulu Province, and to be a reference from doing the program as a national program in Indonesia.展开更多
This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain...This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain ex-pert can directly establish a knowledge base so as to form a practical expert system,and thus enhanca correctness ofknowledge experssion and the developing efficiency of the expert system.It also discusses in detail the mech-anism of reasoning,interpreting and knowledge obtaining.The knowledge base consists of three parts:classifyingrules,essential data,and regulating rules.It can be formed by means of the expert dialouge and edition.In its ap-plication,the knowledge base can constantly accumulate successful experience to achieve itsself-study function.The paper shows the way to describe the knowledge in a particular domain and the process of applying this tool ina particular domain. The tool is written in Turb-Prolog language,And an expert system for cocoon cooking isprovided.展开更多
Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)comprise interactive computation,networking,and physical processes.The integrative environment of CPS enables the smart systems to be aware of the surrounding physical world.Smart systems,su...Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)comprise interactive computation,networking,and physical processes.The integrative environment of CPS enables the smart systems to be aware of the surrounding physical world.Smart systems,such as smart health care systems,smart homes,smart transportation,and smart cities,are made up of complex and dynamic CPS.The components integration development approach should be based on the divide and conquer theory.This way multiple interactive components can reduce the development complexity inCPS.As reusability enhances efficiency and consistency in CPS,encapsulation of component functionalities and a well-designed user interface is vital for the better end-user’s Quality of Experience(QoE).Thus,incorrect interaction of interfaces in the cyber-physical system causes system failures.Usually,interface failures occur due to false,and ambiguous requirements analysis and specification.Therefore,to resolve this issue semantic analysis is required for different stakeholders’viewpoint analysis during requirement specification and components analysis.This work proposes a framework to improve the CPS component integration process,starting from requirement specification to prioritization of components for configurable.For semantic analysis and assessing the reusability of specifications,the framework uses text mining and case-based reasoning techniques.The framework has been tested experimentally,and the results show a significant reduction in ambiguity,redundancy,and irrelevancy,as well as increasing accuracy of interface interactions,component selection,and higher user satisfaction.展开更多
文摘The Agricultural Component of the Millennium Challenge Account Ghana Compact was to alleviate poverty and improve livelihoods of farmers through commercial development of farmer organizations in the intervention zones in Ghana. In Ghana, there were three intervention zones as Southern Horticultural Zone, Afram Basin Zone and Northern Horticultural Zone. Nine Farmer Based Organizations (FBO’s) of 450 farmers consisting of 65.1% males and 34.9% females in the West Mamprusi district of the Northern Horticultural Zone were trained by authors under the Millennium Development Authority (MiDA) Agricultural Project. Farmers of the FBO’s were trained on nine modules on Business Capacity Building and five modules on Organization of Commercial Business over a period of six weeks. Age range of trainee farmers was 30-39 years for males representing 37.54% and 40-49 years for females representing 29.94%. Educational level of trainee farmers was 9.90% males and 1.91% females who completed primary school. Trainee farmers who completed senior high school were 2.73% and 0.64% for males and females, respectively. There were no university graduates among the trainees of the nine farmer groups trained. Among the educated trainee farmers was 81.91% male illiterate and 91.72% illiterate. Trainees’ farm size was 0.4-2.0 hectares representing 57.43% males and 66.45% females. Attendance of male trainees over the period of six weeks was 89.76% and 10.24% absentees, whereas attendance of females over the same period was 88.96% and 11.04% absentees. Nine Action Business Plans were developed for the nine FBO’s to access financial support from the MiDA participating financial institutions in the horticultural zone for the commercial development of farmers’ organizations. This paper presents a case study analysis of Business Capacity Building and Organization of Commercial Business modules provided in the Northern Horticultural Zone to nine Farmer Based Organizations (FBO’s).
文摘As the exertion development (PUAP) develop in Rejang Lebong Regency in Bengkulu province which had been started since 2008 by giving a kind of fund aid called Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat (BLM PUAP), to Gapoktan (Gabungan Kelompok Tani) or an organization of farmers such by giving some money as the capital used for 1) food plant cultiva-tion, horticulture, animal husbandry, plantation, and2) non-cultivation exertion such as;home industry of agriculture, small marketing scale and another agriculture exertion. By the approach which had been done is hoped to get the important result, on the other way the role of analysis factor (Social Network Analysis) from all undertaking stakeholders programs PUAP to be relevance steps aimed to understand the relation or connectivity from all factors in the network and also the role of factor inside the network itself be the relevance steps in arranging the strategy and work intention from the realization stage of PUAP program for the continuity of the realization program in the future (finding the good strategy) which aimed to develop the program of PUAP in Rejang Lebong Regency in Bengkulu Province, and to be a reference from doing the program as a national program in Indonesia.
文摘This paper demonstrates the general character of some technology designing processes through their analysisand introduces a developing tool for the expert system in technology design.With this tool a particular domain ex-pert can directly establish a knowledge base so as to form a practical expert system,and thus enhanca correctness ofknowledge experssion and the developing efficiency of the expert system.It also discusses in detail the mech-anism of reasoning,interpreting and knowledge obtaining.The knowledge base consists of three parts:classifyingrules,essential data,and regulating rules.It can be formed by means of the expert dialouge and edition.In its ap-plication,the knowledge base can constantly accumulate successful experience to achieve itsself-study function.The paper shows the way to describe the knowledge in a particular domain and the process of applying this tool ina particular domain. The tool is written in Turb-Prolog language,And an expert system for cocoon cooking isprovided.
基金This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea-Grant funded by the Korean Government(Ministry of Science and ICT)-NRF-2020R1A2B5B02002478).
文摘Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)comprise interactive computation,networking,and physical processes.The integrative environment of CPS enables the smart systems to be aware of the surrounding physical world.Smart systems,such as smart health care systems,smart homes,smart transportation,and smart cities,are made up of complex and dynamic CPS.The components integration development approach should be based on the divide and conquer theory.This way multiple interactive components can reduce the development complexity inCPS.As reusability enhances efficiency and consistency in CPS,encapsulation of component functionalities and a well-designed user interface is vital for the better end-user’s Quality of Experience(QoE).Thus,incorrect interaction of interfaces in the cyber-physical system causes system failures.Usually,interface failures occur due to false,and ambiguous requirements analysis and specification.Therefore,to resolve this issue semantic analysis is required for different stakeholders’viewpoint analysis during requirement specification and components analysis.This work proposes a framework to improve the CPS component integration process,starting from requirement specification to prioritization of components for configurable.For semantic analysis and assessing the reusability of specifications,the framework uses text mining and case-based reasoning techniques.The framework has been tested experimentally,and the results show a significant reduction in ambiguity,redundancy,and irrelevancy,as well as increasing accuracy of interface interactions,component selection,and higher user satisfaction.
