Microreader^(TM)23HS Plex ID System中23个常染色体STR基因座在中国北方汉族人群中多态性调查

目的评价Microreader^(TM)23HS Plex ID System试剂盒中包含的23个常染色体STR基因座在中国北方汉族人群中等位基因频率分布,获得群体遗传数据,探究其在法医学中的应用价值。方法使用Microreader^(TM)23HS Plex ID System试剂盒对中国北方汉族人群548例无关样本DNA进行检测,收集分型数据,计算各基因座的等位基因频率、样本的杂合度(heterozygosity,H)、这些常染色体STR基因座的多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)、个体识别力(power of discrimination,DP)和非父排除率(probability of paternity exclusion,PE)并使用统计软件对各基因座是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡进行检验;同时对Microreader^(TM)23HS Plex ID System的累积个体识别能力(CDP)和累积非父排除率(CPE)进行计算。结果在548例无关样本中23个STR基因座共计检出260个等位基因,等位基因频率为0.0009~0.5902,H为0.611~0.885,PIC为0.577~0.864,DP为0.815~0.973(平均DP为0.922),PE为0.089~0.406,CDP=1-3.663×10^(-27),CPE=1-2.668×10^(-16),所有基因座等位基因的分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。结论Microreader^(TM)23HS Plex ID System的23个基因座在中国北方汉族人群中具有良好的多态性,在法医学个人识别、群体遗传学研究、亲子鉴定,特别是复杂亲缘关系鉴定中应用价值较高。

应用STR荧光标记分析烟台地区菊花种质资源遗传多样性

【目的】探明烟台地区菊花种质资源的遗传多样性,为烟台地区菊花种质的分类鉴别、资源保护及品种培育提供依据。【方法】应用荧光STR分子标记和毛细管电泳检测技术分析烟台地区非洲菊、秋菊、洋甘菊等12份菊花种质,结合主要表型性状观察进行聚类分析并构建分子身份证。【结果】10对引物共检测到103个STR等位基因位点,平均每对引物的位点数10.3个,扩增片段长度在118~376 bp之间,引物多态性信息(PIC)平均0.795 8。聚类分析依照遗传相似系数将12份菊花种质分为四大类,其中,Ⅰ类群包括秋菊、雏菊、野菊(1)、杭菊(白)、杭菊(黄)、翠菊、野菊(2)共7份种质,占总数的58.3%,含大菊1份、小菊6份,平瓣2份、匙瓣3份、管瓣2份;Ⅱ类群包括非洲菊、洋甘菊2份种质,占总数的16.7%,花瓣类型均为平瓣;Ⅲ类群仅杭菊(紫)1份种质,占总数的8.3%;Ⅳ类群包括一年蓬、野菊(3)2份种质,占总数的16.7%,均为小菊、平瓣花。不同花色、花序大小、花瓣类型的种质存在交叉聚集现象。【结论】烟台地区菊花种质具有较好的遗传多样性,STR荧光标记可有效分析该类种质资源,基于STR分子手段构建了12份菊花种质资源的分子身份证。

应用STR荧光标记分析烟台地区草莓种质资源遗传多样性

本研究以烟台地区1份野生草莓种质和6份常规栽培品种为试材,选取已发表具有扩增多态性的11对STR荧光标记引物进行扩增,采用多重荧光毛细管电泳检测,分析了该地区草莓种质的遗传多样性,并构建了其分子身份证.结果表明,用这11对引物从7份草莓种质中共检测到60个STR等位基因位点,平均每对引物5.45个,扩增片段长度在90~270 bp之间,多态信息含量平均为0.676,可用于草莓种质的多态性检测.聚类分析显示7份草莓种质间的遗传相似系数为0.077~0.842,在遗传相似系数为0.257时,7份种质被分为3个类群,W1(野生草莓)与S2(丰香种质)同源性较高.对7份草莓种质进行不同等位基因编码,构建了分子身份证.本研究结果可为烟台地区草莓种质资源鉴定、保护和开发利用提供重要依据.

基于Y-SNP和Y-STR揭示汉族人群父系遗传关系

汉族是中国人口最多的民族,现有研究多集中于汉族人群的起源、迁徙、融合等遗传历史,以及局部地区汉族人群的父系遗传关系,鲜有全局视角下的汉族人群父系遗传结构研究。本研究检测了362份青海、四川和辽宁的汉族无关男性样本,整合已发表文献相关数据,最终获得了国内15个省份16个汉族人群1830人份样本,覆盖89个Y-SNP、16个Y-STR的数据。通过统计Y-SNP单倍群频率、Y-STR单倍型多样性,使用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)、系统发育树、单倍型网络等分析,综合Y-SNP和Y-STR两个反映不同时间尺度的遗传标记,研究不同地区汉族人群之间的遗传分化、汉族人群与其周边少数民族的遗传关系。单倍群频率统计结果显示单倍群O-M175是汉族人群主体单倍群(青海汉族60.53%~广东汉族92.7%),其下游亚单倍群呈现地域差异化分布。单倍群O2-M122高频分布于各地汉族,总体分布趋势北高南低;单倍群O1b-M268分布频率由南向北递减,尤其在岭南地区汉族人群中分布显著;单倍群O1a-M119在中部汉族人群中分布频率较高。汉族人群遗传结构研究表明,其主要分为北部、中部及南部三个聚类簇,其中青海汉族与其他地区汉族存在一定的遗传分化。在合并少数民族的遗传关系研究中,汉族人群彼此之间遗传关系更紧密,但北部汉族与回族遗传关系更近,而南部汉族则与仡佬族、黎族遗传关系更近。总之,本文基于89个Y-SNP和16个Y-STR,系统地研究了中国不同地域的汉族人群的单倍群分布、遗传亚结构及其与周边少数民族的遗传关系,为群体遗传学、法医遗传学补充理论依据,为Y染色体的法医学应用提供数据支撑。Y-SNP单倍群结合Y-STR单倍型对于分析汉族人群遗传亚结构以及法医学应用具有重要作用。

SiFa STR 23plex检测体系在福建地区汉族人群中的应用

[摘要]目的调查SiFaSTR 23plex检测体系中21个常染色体STR基因座和1个Y-InDel位点在福建地区汉族群体中的遗传多态性,并探讨其在法医物证鉴定方面的应用价值。方法采用SiFa STR 23plex检测体系对302例福建地区汉族无关个体血样进行分型检测,并通过PowerStats v12软件统计福建地区汉族人群上述遗传标记的等位基因频率数据和群体.遗传学参数。结果21个常染色体STR基因座多态信息含量为0.5843~0.9117,平均个体识别率为0.9285,平均杂合度为0.7834,检测体系累计个体识别力大于0.9999999999,累计非父排除率大于0.999999992,各STR基因座均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。异常基因座分型2例,1例为D1S1656基因座出现三带型等位基因14/15/17.3,另发现1例Amelogenin性别基因座缺失AMEL-X基因分型。男性个体的Y-InDel位点的“缺失”基因型占82.9%,“插入”基因型占17.1%。结论SiFa STR 23plex检测体系在福建地区汉族人群中具有高度的遗传多态性和较强的法医鉴别能力,能够作为个体识别和亲权鉴定的重要手段并对建立群体DNA数据库提供数据支持。

36个X-STR基因座在汉族人群中的遗传多态性荟萃分析

通过对选取的16篇文献中中国汉族群体的X-STR基因座相关参数(汉族群体来源包括广东、上海、云南、河南、北京、贵州、四川、海南、河北,检测试剂盒有Argus X12、Goldeneye 17X、AGCU X19、Microreader X19、Typer X19,等位基因频率大多基于百人份)进行荟萃分析,获取36个X-STR基因座(DXS6807、DXS9895、DXS10148、DXS10135、DXS8378、DXS9902、DXS6795、DXS6810、DXS10159、DXS10162、DXS10164、DXS7132、DXS10079、DXS10074、DXS10075、DXS981、DXS6800、DXS6803、DXS6809、DXS6789、DXS7424、DXS101、DXS7133、GATA172D05、GATA165B12、DXS10103、HPRTB、DXS10101、GATA31E08、DXS8377、DXS10134、DXS7423、DXS9907、DXS10146、DXS6797、DXS6804)在中国汉族人群中基于超1000个无关个体的等位基因频率,为涉及的X-STR亲缘关系鉴定似然率计算提供频率数据。通过荟萃分析发现16篇文献涉及汉族无关个体共8767人,36个X-STR基因座共572个等位基因,其中29个基因座的等位基因数目在基于超1000个无关个体计算后都有不同程度增加,DXS10135、DXS10134、DXS10148、DXS10079的等位基因数目增加均超5个。荟萃分析后获得的中国汉族群体36个X-STR基因座等位基因类型更齐全、等位基因频率更准确,可作为X-STR检验中计算亲缘关系似然率等参数的重要参考。

An Exploration of Translation Strategies of Global Cosmetics Brands Based on Reception Aesthetics

With the advancement of economic globalization,the flow of commodities from one country to another has become closer and closer.Especially in recent years,the logistics industry has been developing rapidly,overseas purchasing agents and cross-border online shopping have been enormously prevailing,and accordingly more and more British and American cosmetics expect to occupy a place in the huge market of China.Therefore,it is particularly important to explore the Chinese translation strategies for British and American cosmetic brands.Based on the theory of reception aesthetics,this thesis takes the corpus Estee Lauder,La mer,and other famous cosmetics brands.The thesis proposes several methods for translating cosmetic brands:transliteration for proper names like person or geography names;free translation to recreate brand aesthetics;creative translation for new brands;and adapted translation for divergence in language habits.Therefore,this thesis is of theoretical and practical significance as far as the field of cosmetics is concerned.

Adaptive Bistable Stochastic Resonance Based Weak Signal Reception in Additive Laplacian Noise

Weak signal reception is a very important and challenging problem for communication systems especially in the presence of non-Gaussian noise,and in which case the performance of optimal linear correlated receiver degrades dramatically.Aiming at this,a novel uncorrelated reception scheme based on adaptive bistable stochastic resonance(ABSR)for a weak signal in additive Laplacian noise is investigated.By analyzing the key issue that the quantitative cooperative resonance matching relationship between the characteristics of the noisy signal and the nonlinear bistable system,an analytical expression of the bistable system parameters is derived.On this basis,by means of bistable system parameters self-adaptive adjustment,the counterintuitive stochastic resonance(SR)phenomenon can be easily generated at which the random noise is changed into a benefit to assist signal transmission.Finally,it is demonstrated that approximately 8dB bit error ratio(BER)performance improvement for the ABSR-based uncorrelated receiver when compared with the traditional uncorrelated receiver at low signal to noise ratio(SNR)conditions varying from-30dB to-5dB.

Assessment of Satisfaction in the Reception and Emergency Department of a Health Center

Introduction The main objective of any healthcare establishment must be to ensure the quality of patient care and customer satisfaction. It is necessary to regularly assess patient satisfaction. The aim of this study was to assess the level of satisfaction of customers aged over 18 years attending the emergency department of the health center. Methodology This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of patients aged 18 years and over, who attended the Samu Municipal emergency department between 02 and 30 May 2023. The satisfaction index was determined using the adapted 2009 SAPHORA-MCO questionnaire and the Likert satisfaction scale. Results A total of 400 patients were surveyed. The average age was 35 years, with a standard deviation of 14.7. Of those surveyed, 51% were women, 87% were educated, 50% lived in Grand Yoff and 59.5% were unemployed. Satisfaction levels linked to perception of the cost of care (72%), waiting time (64.3%), information given to patients (69.1%) and pain management (74 .5%) are fair. On the other hand, the levels of satisfaction linked to administrative procedures (82.5%), staff attitudes towards patients (84%), staff availability (86.4%), patient privacy (89.2%), general atmosphere (87.2%), staff competence (87.3%), and the effectiveness of care (89.4%) were satisfactory. The average waiting time was 38 minutes. However, 32% of patients waited less than 30 minutes and 92% less than an hour. The satisfaction index linked to administration and reception was 72.9% and 79.85%, respectively. The satisfaction index linked to the administration and technical quality of care is equal to 85.8% and 83.7%, respectively. The overall satisfaction index is equal to 80.6%;the level of satisfaction of users of the health structure is satisfactory. Conclusion Patient satisfaction is an essential part of quality care. Patient satisfaction must be based on effective communication from the healthcare team and the creation of a patient-caregiver relationship.

Translation of Culture-loaded Words in The Golden Cangue under the Perspective of Reception Aesthetics

Good translations play a very important role in cultural exchange.The idea of reception aesthetics think the reader as the center in translation process.This paper will study the translation of culture-loaded words from the perspective of reception aesthetics.It is divided into five parts.The first part mainly introduces the background and theoretical foundation of this paper,the second part introduces the writer’s works,the third part gives examples to analyze the culture-loaded words appearing in The Golden Cangue,the fourth part gives examples of the translation methods,and the fifth part is the conclusion.It aims to provide a reference for the English translation of culture-loaded words.

On Translation of Children’s Literature Based on Reception Aesthetics:A Case Study of The Secret Garden

Grounded in reader-centered theories,Reception Aesthetics prioritizes the active engagement and acceptance of target readers.This study examines the translation of children’s literature through the lens of Reception Aesthetics,using Li Wenjun’s rendition of The Secret Garden as a case study.The objective is to scrutinize various aspects of the translation-including vocabulary,syntax,rhetorical devices,and cultural nuances-and to discern how the adaptation and application of diverse translation strategies cater to the aesthetic expectations.

广东汕尾汉族人群STR基因座遗传多态性分析

目的:分析研究广东汕尾汉族人群中,D3S1358、TH01、D21S11、D18S51、Penta E、D5S818、D13S317、D7S820、D16S539、CSF1PO、Penta D、vWA、D8S1179、TPOX、FGA、D19S433、D12S391、D6S1043、D2S1338、D1S1656等20个常染色体STR基因座的遗传多态性。方法:采集广东汕尾地区汉族人群418例无血缘关系个体的FTA血卡,采用HEALTH Gene STRtyper-21G Plus试剂盒扩增DNA与分型,用GeneMapper软件分析,用SPSS和Modified-Powerstates软件统计等位基因频率和群体遗传学参数。结果:20个STR基因座等位基因的频率分布为0.001~0.571,个体识别率为0.771~0.984,多态信息含量为0.527~0.904,应用于二联体非父排除率为0.275~0.790,应用于三联体非父排除率为0.400~0.842,观察杂合度为0.586~0.897,杂合度期望值为0.587~0.912。基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05)。结论:汕尾地区汉族人群的20个常染色体STR基因座具有较高多态性,在人类学和群体遗传学中有较大的研究和应用价值,同样在亲权鉴定和个体识别中有较大价值。

法庭科学STR检验的标准物质体系

在法庭科学领域推进相关有证标准物质的研制和应用,对建设DNA分析的标准化体系具有重要意义。当前不断涌现新的DNA检验方法,并迅速应用于刑事案件调查,现行方法的有效性和准确性需要标准物质开展认证与验证。DNA STR(short tandem repeat)分型检验是当前法庭科学进行个体身份识别和亲缘关系判断的主要依据,有证DNA标准物质是实现不同实验室间信息资源共享,保障STR分型结果准确可比的标尺。概述了STR检验技术及其过程中使用的国内外标准品和标准物质,并对我国构建STR检验的标准物质体系提出了建议和展望。

贵州[亻革]家人19个STR基因座遗传多态性

目的:调查19个STR基因座在贵州[亻革]家人人群中的遗传多态性分布,为其民族识别提供生物学依据。方法:应用ABI9700型扩增仪和基点认知公司Goldeneye 20A荧光复合扩增系统对106个[亻革]家人无关个体19个STR基因座进行复合扩增,ABI3100型遗传分析仪进行毛细管电泳,GeneMapper ID3.2软件进行基因分型,Modified-Powerstates软件对有关群体遗传学数据进行统计分析。结果:19个STR基因座共检出173个等位基因和497种基因型,其分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05);杂合度(Heterozygotes,H)为0.585~0.906,亲权指数(typical paternity index,PI)为1.20~5.30,个体识别率(Power of Discrimination,DP)为0.747~0.964,非父排除率(power of exclusion,PE)为0.273~0.769,多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)为0.50~0.90。结论:19个STR基因座除CSF1PO、TPOX、TH01、D13S317、D7S820、D16S539外,其余具有高度多态性,并在法医学个体识别和亲权鉴定中具有较高的应用价值。

On Translation Strategies and Cultural Effects of Chinese Menu in English Version——An Analysis from the Perspective of Reception Theory

Reception theory stresses reader's activeness.Translation of Chinese Menu in English Version reveals the universal principles of transnational strategies and methods of menu translation.Through analysis of Chinese Menu in English Version,the article studies its text and examines the linking mechanism between reception theory and menu translation.A comparative conclusion shows that in menu translation attention is paid to the accuracy of the target text by translators,who are simultaneously aware of the paradox between expectation and acceptance of individual readers.

X-染色体STR联合常染色体STR用于判定近亲间的亲子鉴定1例

作为一种优秀的遗传标记因子,短串联重复序列(STR)因丰富的长度多态性被广泛地应用于个体识别和亲子鉴定。在过去的20年里,许多商业化的STRs试剂盒被开发出来用于法医DNA鉴定,扩充标记位点为发展的趋势之一,更多的位点意味着更大的识别能力。现行的《亲权鉴定技术规范》中鉴定意见是以不考虑双胞胎和近亲为前提[1],然而,亲子鉴定中难免会遇到近亲之间的鉴定[2],以及父亲或者母亲一方缺失的案例,增加性染色体的鉴定将会有助于增加证据强度[3-4]。

应用STR荧光标记法分析大白菜品种遗传多样性

以19个大白菜品种为试材,采用STR分子标记技术构建烟台地区大白菜种质的指纹图谱与分子身份证。遵循染色体和扩增条带多样性原则,筛选出9对STR荧光标记引物,通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和多重毛细管荧光电泳技术进行遗传多样性分析,并构建大白菜种质的STR指纹图谱,将指纹图谱的结果进行编码赋值,进一步构建分子身份证,同时进行品种间遗传关系聚类分析。结果表明,筛选出的9对STR引物具有较好的多态性,可有效区分参试的19个大白菜品种。9对引物共检测到52个等位基因,每对引物检测出3~8个等位基因,平均5.7778个;香农信息指数(I)的变化范围为0.7142~1.6685,平均为1.3787;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)的变化范围为0.4474~0.7895,平均为0.6927;多态性信息含量(PIC)的变化范围为0.3681~0.7572,平均为0.6442;对STR扩增条带进行分析并编码,成功构建了19个大白菜品种的分子身份证。聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数(GS)为0.66时,参试19个大白菜品种被分成3个类群,具有明显的地域特性。

基于全局最小残差法快速分析混合STR图谱

在法医DNA分析领域,混合短串联重复序列(short tandem repeats,STR)图谱的分析一直是研究难点。当前,国内主要依靠法医进行人工分析,不仅效率低下,分析结果还存在着主观性偏好,难以满足日益增长的STR图谱分析的需求。本文提出一种新的混合STR图谱分析方法——全局最小残差法,不仅可以计算出分析结果,还可以预测出每个组分的混合比例。该方法首先给混合比例赋予了新的定义,然后对等位基因模型进行优化,进而综合考虑STR图谱中的所有基因座,将每个基因座的残差值进行累加求和,选择累加和最小的混合比例作为推断结果,并使用灰狼优化算法快速寻找混合比例的最优值。对于二组分STR图谱,全局最小残差法能够兼顾分析的准确性和分析速度,有利于实现大量的图谱分析。本文提出的算法在实际应用中取得了不错的效果,具有较高的应用价值,可为混合STR图谱分析领域的研究提供新的解决方案。

应用NGS确认STR检测中的OL峰案例研究

基于毛细管电泳平台的短串联重复序列(Short tandem repeats,STR)检测(Capillary electrophoresis-Polymerase chain reaction,CE-PCR)是现阶段法医DNA实验室的金标准,二代测序(Next-generation sequencing,NGS)在法医学上的应用已经初现端倪,通过NGS可以解决传统CE-STR对OL(Off-ladder)峰形成原因难以判定的问题.本文对在毛细管电泳(CE)平台的STR鉴定工作中发现的一种OL峰血样进行NGS研究,确定了此样品的OL峰为D18S51基因座稀有等位基因,该基因型因超出试剂盒Ladder范围而形成OL峰.研究结果表明,NGS对阐明OL峰形成原因具有独特的优势,相关技术将在今后法医物证鉴定中得到广泛推广和应用.

59个Y-STR基因座的法医学多态性应用效能评估

为了评估法医学DNA数据库建设中涉及的59个Y-STR基因座的遗传多态性和法医学应用效能,通过AGCU Y SUPP PLUS试剂盒和AGCU Y37试剂盒检测374个广东汉族无关男性个体,将检测出的59个Y-STR基因座按照突变率的高低进行分类组合和统计分析。结果显示,59个Y-STR基因座联合运用在374个无关男性个体中检出了374个单倍型,其中44个中低突变Y-STR组合、15个高快突变Y-STR组合分别检出373和372个单倍型。59个Y-STR的基因多态性数值分布在0.0551(DYS645)~0.9580(DYF387S1 a/b)之间。结果表明,这59个Y-STR在广东汉族群体中均具有良好的多态性,按中低突变Y-STR组合和高快突变Y-STR组合研发新的检测体系可更好地满足法医实践的不同需求。