Vascular endothelial growth factor A promotes platelet adhesion to collagen Ⅳ and causes early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage

The role of vascular endothelial growth factor A in platelet adhesion in cerebral microvessels in the early stage of subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unclear.In this study,the endovascular puncture method was used to produce a rat model of subarachnoid hemorrhage.Then,30 minutes later,vascular endothelial growth factor A antagonist anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,10μg,was injected into the right ventricle.Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to assess expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A,occludin and claudin-5.Immunohistochemical double labeling was conducted to examine co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen.TUNEL was used to detect apoptosis in the hippocampus.Neurological score was used to assess behavioral performance.After subarachnoid hemorrhage,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A increased in the hippocampus,while occludin and claudin-5 expression levels decreased.Co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells increased,whereas behavioral performance was markedly impaired.After treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody,occludin and claudin-5 expression recovered,while co-expression of GP Ⅰa-Ⅱ integrin and type Ⅳ collagen and the number of apoptotic cells decreased.Furthermore,behavioral performance improved notably.Our findings suggest that increased vascular endothelial growth factor A levels promote platelet adhesion and contribute to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.This study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee,Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University,China in December 2015.

Implication of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha in prostate cancer skeletal metastasis

Metastasis represents by far the most feared complication of prostate carcinoma and is the main cause of death for patients.The skeleton is frequently targeted by disseminated cancer cells and represents the sole site of spread in more than 80% of prostate cancer cases.Compatibility between select malignant phenotypes and the microenvironment of colonized tissues is broadly recognized as the culprit for the organ-tropism of cancer cells.Here,we review our recent studies showing that the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha(PDGFR a) supports the survival and growth of prostate cancer cells in the skeleton and that the soluble fraction of bone marrow activates PDGFR a in a ligand-independent fashion.Finally,we offer pre-clinical evidence that this receptor is a viable target for therapy.

Deficiency of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α-positive cells in Hirschsprung's disease colon

AIM: To investigate whether the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α-positive (PDGFRα+)-cells is altered in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD).METHODS: HD tissue specimens (n = 10) were collected at the time of pull-through surgery, while colonic control samples were obtained at the time of colostomy closure in patients with imperforate anus (n = 10). Immunolabelling of PDGFRα+-cells was visualized using confocal microscopy to assess the distribution of these cells, while Western blot analysis was undertaken to quantify PDGFRα protein expression.RESULTS: Confocal microscopy revealed PDGFRα+-cells within the mucosa, myenteric plexus and smooth muscle in normal controls, with a marked reduction in PDGFRα+-cells in the HD specimens. Western blotting revealed high levels of PDGFRα protein expression in normal controls, while there was a striking decrease in PDGFRα protein expression in the HD colon.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the altered distribution of PDGFRα+-cells in both the aganglionic and ganglionic HD bowel may contribute to the motility dysfunction in HD.

Vascular endothelial growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor receptor pathway is involved in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and directional migration toward gliomas

BACKGROUND： Vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） induces bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell （BMSC） differentiation into vascular endothelial-like cells and promotes BMSC migration toward gliomas. However, the molecular mechanisms by which VEGF induces BMSC differentiation and migration remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE; To investigate the role of platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF） receptor （PDGFR） in BMSC differentiation and migration induced by VEGE DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A parallel, controlled, in vitro experiment was performed at the Molecular Neurobiology ＆ Neural Regeneration and Repairing Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China from June 2008 to March 2009. MATERIALS： U87 glioma cells were purchased from Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences; mouse anti-human PDGFR and VEGF receptor （VEGFR） monoclonal antibodies were purchased from Peprotech, USA. METHODS： Isolated BMSCs were precultured with neutralizing antibody for VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, PDGFR-α, and PDGFR-β to block biological activity of related receptors, followed by induced differentiation with 50μg/L VEGF. BMSCs induced with 50μg/L VEGF alone served as the VEGF-induced group. The control group remained untreated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Cell surface markers were identified by flow cytometry; BMSC surface cytokine receptor expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; the Transwell model was used to observe cell migration. RESULTS： After blocking the PDGFR, VEGF did not induce BMSC cell surface marker CD-31 or von Willebrand factor （vWF） expression. However, inhibition with VEGF receptor blocking agents, VEGF induced BMSCs to express CD-31 and vWE Following inhibition of the PDGFR, the number of cells migrating through the polycarbonate membrane Transwell chamber was decreased, as well as the number of BMSCs migrating to glioma cells. However, through the use of VEGF receptor blocking agents, the number of migrating cells remained unchanged. VEGF preculture increased the number of BMSCs migrating to gliomas. CONCLUSION： VEGF interacts with PDGFRs on the BMSC surface to attract BMSC directional migration and induce BMSC differentiation. The VEGF/PDGFR pathway participates in BMSC directional migration to glioma. VEGF pretreatment increased efficiency of BMSC migration to glioma.

KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor α wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumor associated with neurofibromatosis type 1: Two case reports

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) associated with neurofibromatosis are uncommon compared to their gastrointestinal counterparts. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1) have an increased risk of developing gastrointestinal tumors, including rare types such as GIST.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old male Chinese patient was diagnosed with NF-1 10 years ago and presented with upper abdominal discomfort and black stools. Endoscopic ultrasonography and an enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a mass located 4 cm from the muscular layer of the descending duodenum. A 59-year-old Chinese woman who was diagnosed with NF-1 25 years ago presented with sudden unconsciousness and black stools. Multiple masses in the duodenum were noted by echogastroscopy and an enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan. Both patients presented with cutaneous neurofibromas. The histologic examination of tumors from both patients revealed spindle cells and low mitotic activity. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed strong positivity for KIT(CD117), DOG-1, CD34, and Dehydrogenase Complex Subunit B, and negativity for SMA, desmin, S-100, and β-catenin. None of the six tumors from two patients had KIT exon 9, 11, 13, or 17 or platelet-derived growth factor receptor α exon 12 or 18 mutation, which is a typical finding for sporadic GISTs. None of the six tumors from the two patients had a BRAFV600 E mutation. The patients were alive and well during the follow-up period(range:0.6-5 yr).CONCLUSION There have been only a few previous reports of GISTs associated with NF-1.Although GISTs associated with NF-1 have morphologic and immunohistochemical similarities with GISTs, the pathogenesis, incidence,genetic background, and prognosis are not completely known. A medical history of NF-1 in a patient who has gastrointestinal bleeding or anemia and an intraabdominal mass with nonspecific computed tomography features may help in diagnosing GIST by virtue of the well-known association of these two entities.Molecular genetic studies of cases indicated that GISTs in NF-1 patients have a different pathogenesis than sporadic GISTs.

Distribution of platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor expressing oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the adult rat brain

BACKGROUND： Studies have demonstrated that NG2-positive glial cells in the adult rats are predominantly located in the gray and white matter of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Platelet-derived growth factor-a receptor （PDGF-αR） cells are a subset of oligodendrocytes, which are not as mature as NG2-positive cells. Distribution and migration of PDGF-αR-positive cells in the rat brain remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： Using immunohistochemical methods, the distribution of oligodendrocyte precursor cells （PDGF-αR-positive） was analyzed in the adult rat brain. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Immunohistochemical study was performed at the Department of Histology and Embryology of the Third Military Medical University from September 2007 to September 2008. MATERIALS： Rabbit anti-PDGF-αR polyclonal antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA. Streptomycin-avidin-biotin complex immunohistochemistry kit was purchased from Zhongshan Goldenbridge Biotechnology, China. METHODS： Whole brains from 5 healthy, adult, Wistar rats were collected for immunohistochemistry, and the mean value of PDGF-αR-expressing cells was quantified. The absolute values were translated to ranked data of high, moderate, and low grades （high grade： 10 positive cells; moderate grade： 5-9 cells; low grade： 〈 5 cells in a 400 × visual field）. Based on the number of cell processes and branches, as well as the number of PDGF-αR-positive cells, in different regions, the cells were classified into three categories, i.e., type Ⅰ-Ⅲ. From type I to type Ill, the number of processes gradually increased. MAIN OUTCOME MEARSURES： The number and distribution of PDGF-αR-positive cells in different brain regions of adult rats. RESULTS： PDGF-αR-positive cells were located in the forebrain and midbrain, but not in the cerebellum or brainstem. In the olfactory bulb and hippocampus, a total of 60% PDGF-αR-positive cells were type Ⅰ and these cells were not mature as others. In the cerebral cortex, olfactory system, hippocampus, and optic chiasma, where neuronal bodies aggregated, approximately 40% of the PDGF-αR-positive cells were type Ⅱ, with few type Ⅲ cells. In the white matter, corpus callosum, basal nucleus, and thalamus, PDGF-αR-positive cell density was moderate. In the olfactory bulb and hippocampus, PDGF-αR-positive cell density was high. PDGF-αR-positive cells were not observed in the cerebellum or brainstem CONCLUSION： PDGF-αR-positive cells were aggregated in the olfactory bulb and hippocampus in the adult, rat brain, but few cells were detected in the cerebellum and brainstem.

Expression of NG2 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha in the developing neonatal rat brain

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha （PDGFRct） is a marker of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the central nervous system. NG2 is also considered a marker of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. However, whether there are differences in the distribution and morphol- ogy of oligodendrocyte precursor cells labeled by NG2 or PDGFRa in the developing neonatal rat brain remains unclear. In this study, by immunohistochemical staining, NG2 positive （NG2＋） cells were ubiquitous in the molecular layer, external pyramidal layer, internal pyramidal layer, and polymorphic layer of the cerebral cortex, and corpus callosum, external capsule, piriform cortex, and medial septal nucleus. NG2~ cells were stellate or fusiform in shape with long processes that were progressively decreased and shortened over the course of brain development. The distribution and morphology of PDGFRct positive （PDGFRa＋） cells were coincident with NG2＋ cells. The co- localization of NG2 and PDGFRu in the cell bodies and processes of some cells was confirmed by double immunofluorescence labeling. Moreover, cells double-labeled for NG2 and PDGFRa were predominantly in the early postnatal stage of development. The numbers of NG2＋/PDGFRa＋ cells and PDGFRa＋ cells decreased, but the number of NG2＋ cells increased from postnatal days 3 to 14 in the developing brain. In addition, amoeboid microglial cells of the corpus callosum, newborn brain macrophages in the normal developing brain, did not express NG2 or PDGFRu, but NG2 expression was detected in amoeboid microglia after hypoxia. The present results suggest that NG2 and PDGFRct are specific markers of oligodendrocyte precursor cells at different stages during early development. Additionally, the NG2 protein is involved in inflammatory and pathological processes of amoeboid microglial cells.

Up and Down Expression of Androgen Receptor, Estrogen Receptor beta and Platelet Derived Growth Factor beta by Testosterone in Aortic Vascular Smooth Muscle Tissues

Objectives To investigate the effects of testosterone enanthate (TE) on serum lip- ids and lipoproteins metabolism and the expression of androgen receptor (AR) , estrogen receptor beta ( ER - β) and platelet derived growth factor beta ( PDGFR - β) in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues (VSMTs). Methods Forty aged male rats were ran- domly divided into 4 groups, group A (placebo group) , group B (2. 5 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ) , group C (5.0 mg/kg intramuscular injection of TE once a week ) , group D ( 10. 0 mg/kg intramus- cular injection of TE once a week). All animals were fed freely during 16 - week treatment periods. The ex- pression of AR ,ER - βand PDGFR - β were studied by Western bolt. Results Average serum LDL - C was lower in group D than that in group A ( p < 0. 01 ). Compared with the other groups, average serum TC was also lower in group D (p <0. 05). AR expression in aortic vascular smooth muscle tissues could be regulated by TE: 99.50 ±21.74, 125.38 ±28.68 and 101.98 ± 15.42 for TE concentrations at 2.5 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg, respectively , the expression of ER - β could be regulated by TE: 92. 34 ± 18. 68, 47. 72 ± 18.12, 82.13 ±23.50, and the expression of PDGFR - β could be regulated as well by TE: 219.70 ±45. 59, 50.16 ±9. 72, 125.36 ±15. 74(Data for AR ,ER-β and PDGFR - β protein band intensity were expressed with x ± s, with control group taken as 100 ).Conclusions This study indicates that androgens have significant effects on serum lipids and lipoprotein metabolism. Testosterone enanthate at 5. 0 mg/kg can stimulate the expression of AR, but inhibite the expres- sion of PDGFR. Testosterone enanthate at the concen- trations of 5. 0 mg/kg and 10. 0 mg/kg can inhibite the expression of ER - β.

PDGFR-β/TGF-β/Smad2/3信号通路调控阿尔茨海默病血脑屏障完整性和学习记忆能力的分子机制研究

目的:分析PDGFR-β/TGF-β/Smad2/3信号通路调控阿尔茨海默病(AD)血脑屏障(BBB)完整性和学习记忆能力的分子机制。方法:利用APP/PS1转基因AD小鼠模型,通过水迷路及觅食试验分析学习记忆能力;荧光免疫组织化学法检测海马区血管周细胞增殖率(ki67/desmin)、周细胞覆盖率(desmin/lectin);Western blot检测海马区血管周细胞TGF-βR1及其下游信号通路分子、紧密连接(TJs)蛋白的表达水平。经过外源性PDGF-BB脑室内注射和/或TGF-βR1激酶抑制剂SB431542腹腔内注射预处理后,分别进行上述分析。构建AD体外BBB模型,经过PDGF-BB和/或SB431542作用后,进行异硫氰酸荧光素-牛血清白蛋白(FITC-BSA)渗透性和跨细胞电阻检测。结果:与对照组相比,APP/PS1小鼠经过虚拟平台次数明显减少,达到终点所需时间明显延长(水迷路训练试验),投食区正确选择率明显下降(觅食训练试验);海马区desmin/lectin阳性细胞比例明显下降;TGF-βR1、p-Smad2、p-Smad3蛋白表达水平明显升高;TJs蛋白表达水平明显下降。外源性PDGF-BB可使APP/PS1小鼠经过虚拟平台次数明显增加、达到终点所需时间明显缩短(水迷路正式试验第28天)、投食区正确选择率明显提高(觅食正式试验第28天);海马区desmin/lectin阳性细胞比例明显增加;使TGF-βR1、p-Smad2、p-Smad3蛋白表达水平明显升高;使TJs蛋白表达水平明显升高。SB431542则可部分抑制上述作用。体外试验证明:外源性PDGF-BB可明显降低AD模型组的最终渗透系数,提高24 h时相对TEER值;SB431542则可部分抑制上述作用。结论:PDGFR-β/TGF-β/Smad2/3信号通路可通过诱导周细胞分化、覆盖,提高内皮细胞TJs的表达,调控AD血脑屏障完整性,以促进学习记忆能力恢复。

电针通过PLC/IP3通路改善功能性消化不良大鼠胃肠动力障碍

目的确定电针是否调节了血小板衍生生长因子受体α阳性(PDGFRα+)细胞中磷脂酶C(PLC)/肌醇-1,4,5-三磷酸酯(PLC/IP3)通路,从而改善功能性消化不良(FD)胃肠动力障碍。方法将40只SD大鼠随机分为5组:空白组、模型组、电针组、U73122(PLC抑制剂)组、U73122+电针组,每组8只。除空白组外所有大鼠采用多因素应激干预法建立FD大鼠模型。造模成功后,U73122组予以腹腔注射抑制剂,电针组取足三里和太冲穴,U73122+电针组在针刺前2 h注射抑制剂。10 d后行胃肠动力学检测;采用免疫印迹法检测PDGFRα、PLC、P-PLC、IP3的蛋白表达水平;用免疫荧光检测PDGFRα和PLC、IP3的平均荧光密度和共定位表达情况;电子显微镜观察胃窦区域缝隙连接(GJ)情况。结果造模后大鼠胃肠动力减弱,PDGFRα、PLC和IP3的蛋白表达水平显著降低,GJ增宽,细胞形态改变;与模型组比较,电针组、U73122组和U73122+电针组大鼠胃肠动力显著改善,胃窦PDGFRα、PLC、P-PLC、IP3表达水平上升,GJ稍紧密,细胞形态恢复;U73122组和U73122+电针组胃窦PDGFRα、PLC、P-PLC、IP3表达水平无明显差异;PDGFRα与PLC和IP3存在荧光共定位。结论电针通过激活PDGFRα+细胞中的PLC/IP3通路改善FD大鼠的胃肠动力障碍。

Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1与NSCLC患者EGFR靶向治疗反应性关系及意义

目的:探讨血清核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、转化生长因子结合蛋白2(LTBP2)、血小板内皮细胞黏附分子1(PECAM1)与非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)靶向治疗反应性关系及意义。方法:选取我院2021年1月—2023年1月收治的95例NSCLC患者为研究对象,根据EGFR靶向治疗3个月后的治疗反应性分为有效组(54例)、无效组(41例)。比较2组治疗前及治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平,分析治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平与NSCLC患者EGFR靶向治疗反应性相关性,偏回归分析治疗无效的影响因素,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平联合检测对NSCLC患者EGFR靶向治疗效果的预测价值。结果:治疗1个月、2个月后无效组血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平均高于有效组(P<0.05);相关性分析发现,治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平与治疗反应性均呈负相关(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析发现,治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平为NSCLC患者EGFR靶向治疗效果的影响因素(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析发现,治疗1个月、2个月后血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平联合预测治疗无效的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.761、0.816,最佳预测敏感度、特异度分别为(85.37%、66.67%)、(92.68%、70.37%),高于单一指标预测(P<0.05)。结论:血清Nrf2、LTBP2、PECAM1水平与NSCLC患者EGFR靶向治疗反应性密切相关,并在预测治疗效果方面具有较高效能。

脑脊液可溶性血小板衍生生长因子受体β浓度与动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血病人认知功能损害的关系

目的探讨脑脊液可溶性血小板衍生生长因子受体β(sPDGFRβ)浓度与动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)病人认知功能损害的关系。方法前瞻性收集55例aSAH病人发病72小时内的脑脊液标本和20例因其他神经疾病需行脑脊液检查的对照组脑脊液标本,采用ELISA检测脑脊液中sPDGFRβ的浓度。出院6个月后对aSAH病人进行随访,使用简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE)或修订版认知功能电话问卷(TICS-m)评估认知功能。结果aSAH组脑脊液中sPDGFRβ浓度为(1.076±0.353)ng/ml,对照组为(0.574±0.057)ng/ml,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);55例aSAH病人中,19例发生了认知功能损害,有认知障碍的病人早期脑脊液中的sPDGFRβ浓度[(1.387±0.280)ng/ml]高于无认知障碍者[(0.911±0.268)ng/ml],两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、sPDGFRβ≥1.347 ng/ml是aSAH病人出院6个月后发生认知障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.01)。结论aSAH发生后,脑脊液sPDGFRβ浓度升高,且与病人发生认知功能损害有关。

切除修复交叉互补基因1血管内皮生长因子受体-3血小板衍生生长因子受体B在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的分析切除修复交叉互补基因1(ERCC1)、血管内皮生长因子受体-3(VEGFR3)、血小板衍生生长因子受体B(PDGFRB)在胃癌中的表达及意义。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月河南科技大学第一附属医院病理科归档资料齐全完整的52例胃癌组织石蜡标本和距离癌组织边缘5cm的癌旁组织石蜡标本,采用免疫组织化学、实时荧光定量法检测ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB表达,分析ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB在胃癌中的表达变化及三者相关性。结果与癌旁组织相比,癌组织中ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB表达量升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB表达与胃癌患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤长径无关,与TNM分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移、浸润深度、病理类型相关,Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期、中低分化、有淋巴结转移、≥1/2肌层浸润、肠型胃癌患者ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB表达升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB之间Pearson相关性分析显示,ERCC1与VEGFR3之间正相关(r=0.572,P=0.001);ERCC1与PDGFRB之间正相关(r=0.617,P=0.001);VEGFR3与PDGFRB之间正相关(r=0.569,P=0.001)。ROC曲线显示,与ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB单项诊断相比,三项联合对胃癌的诊断价值较高(P<0.05)。结论ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB在胃癌组织中表达升高,并随着淋巴结的转移,ERCC1、VEGFR3、PDGFRB表达升高,参与疾病的发展。

PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1预测多囊卵巢综合征患者胰岛素抵抗价值

目的:探究血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、内皮生长因子可溶性受体1(sFlt-1)预测多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者胰岛素抵抗价值。方法:选取本院2019年1月-2022年1月收治的PCOS患者102例临床资料,根据患者胰岛素抵抗水平分为胰岛素抵抗组(n=65)和非胰岛素抵抗组(n=37)。对比两组临床资料及血清PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1水平,多元逐步回归分析PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗的危险因素,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1对PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗的预测价值。结果:胰岛素抵抗组血清PDGF(105.21±3.45 pg/ml)、EGF(3.24±0.51 ng/ml)水平高于非胰岛素抵抗组(42.64±3.14 pg/ml、2.27±0.31 ng/ml),血清sFlt-1水平(90.54±10.49 ng/L)低于非胰岛素抵抗组(138.65±10.17 ng/L)(均P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析,血清PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素以及体质量指数、腰臀比、多毛和痤疮均是引起PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗的独立危险因素(均P<0.05);经pears相关性分析,PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1对胰岛素抵抗有一定预测价值,曲线下面积分别为0.780、0.830、0.800(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS胰岛素抵抗患者血清PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1水平发生异常,PDGF、EGF、sFlt-1对PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗有一定预测价值。

伊马替尼通过PDGF/PDGFR通路对A549非小细胞肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用及机制研究

目的探讨伊马替尼对A549非小细胞肺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长及肿瘤组织和基质中PDGFB、PDGFRβ蛋白表达的影响,探究伊马替尼的抑瘤机制。方法建立裸鼠A549非小细胞肺癌移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组(0.9%NaCl)、低、中、高剂量伊马替尼组(50、100、200 mg/(kg·d))。连续灌胃给药28天,观察不同浓度伊马替尼对肿瘤生长的影响;HE染色观察肿瘤组织的病理变化;Western blot法检测移植瘤组织中PDGF/PDGFR通路相关蛋白的表达及AKT、ERK1/2蛋白磷酸化水平;双重免疫荧光染色检测PDGFB、PDGFRβ蛋白在肿瘤基质中的表达。结果伊马替尼组裸鼠A549非小细胞肺癌移植瘤的生长受到抑制,肿瘤组织中PDGFB的表达降低,PDGFRβ、AKT、ERK1/2的磷酸化水平降低。与对照组相比,给药组的肿瘤基质成纤维细胞中PDGFB、PDGFRβ表达显著减少。结论伊马替尼对裸鼠非小细胞肺癌A549移植瘤具有显著的抑制作用,其抑瘤机制可能是下调肿瘤基质成纤维细胞中PDGFB和PDGFRβ的表达。

高亲和PDGFβR多肽修饰的截短型TβRⅡ的可溶性表达条件优化

目的 探讨高亲和血小板衍生生长因子受体(Platelet derived growth factor-β receptor, PDGFβR)多肽ZPDGFβR修饰的截短型转化生长因子β Ⅱ型受体(Truncated transforming growth factor-β receptor type Ⅱ,tTβRⅡ)的重组蛋白(Z-tTβRⅡ)最佳可溶性表达的条件。方法 将含有原核表达质粒pET28/Z-tTβRⅡ的阳性大肠杆菌(Rossta/pET28-Z-tTβRⅡ)置于LB培养基中培养,接着加入不同浓度的IPTG,使其终浓度为0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8 mmo/L,应用SDS-PAGE技术分析在不同温度时间下(16℃、18 h, 20℃、20 h和37℃、6 h)重组蛋白Z-tTβRⅡ的可溶性表达。结果 Z-tTβRⅡ在16℃、18 h下,0.8 mmol/L IPTG时,诱导后全菌表达约22%和诱导后上清表达约13%;Z-tTβRⅡ在20℃、20 h下,诱导后全菌0.8 mmol/L IPTG时表达约23%,诱导后上清0.2 mmol/L IPTG时表达约14%;Z-tTβRⅡ在37℃、6 h下,0.2 mmol/L IPTG时,诱导后全菌约30%和诱导后上清约20%。结论 Z-tTβRⅡ蛋白最佳表达条件为37℃、6 h、IPTG浓度为0.2 mmo/L。

血小板源性生长因子在心血管系统疾病中的作用研究进展

心血管疾病是我国老年人口生存质量降低的主要因素,也是对公众生命健康造成威胁的主要疾病之一。血小板源性生成因子(PDGF)及其受体(PDGFR)在心血管疾病中发挥着重要作用。随着研究的不断深入,PDGF和PDGFR在心血管疾病中的病理生理机制越发明朗,两者相互协同参与了心肌纤维化、动脉粥样硬化(AS)及心肌梗死等心血管疾病的发生与发展。现就PDGF在心血管疾病中的作用研究进展进行综述。

参麦注射液联合拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠期高血压的疗效及对患者PECAM-1、sVEGFR-1和VEGF水平的影响

目的观察参麦注射液联合拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠期高血压的疗效及对患者血清血小板内皮细胞黏附分子-1(PECAM-1)、人可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1(sVEGFR-1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的影响。方法选取2018年6月—2019年12月麻城市中医医院收治的妊娠期高血压患者99例,应用随机数字表法分为观察组49例和对照组50例。对照组患者予以拉贝洛尔治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上联合参麦注射液治疗,2组患者均持续治疗7 d。比较2组患者临床疗效,治疗前后血压、脐动脉血流动力学参数[阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)、收缩末期血流速度最大值(SV)/舒张末期血流速度最大值(DV)(S/D)]及血清PECAM-1、sVEGFR-1、VEGF水平,并统计2组妊娠结局及不良反应。结果观察组患者治疗总有效率为93.88%,高于对照组的78.00%(χ^(2)=5.138,P=0.023)。治疗7 d后,2组患者收缩压、舒张压均显著低于治疗前;2组患者RI、PI、S/D均明显低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P均<0.01);2组患者PECAM-1水平较治疗前升高,sVEGFR-1、VEGF水平较治疗前降低,且观察组上述指标变化较对照组更显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)。观察组早产率、剖宫率均低于对照组(P<0.05);2组新生儿窒息、新生儿死亡发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论参麦注射液联合拉贝洛尔治疗妊娠期高血压能更好地控制血压,调节胎盘血流,调节PECAM-1、sVEGFR-1与VEGF水平,改善妊娠结局,且安全性好。

Effects of ribozyme targeting platelet-derived growth factor receptor β subunit gene on the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in vitro

Background Activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) is essentially involved in the development and progression of hepatic fibrosis. The most potent growth factor for HSC is platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF) and PDGF receptor β subunit (PDGFR-β) is the predominant signal transduction pathyway of PDGF which is overexpressed in activated HSC. This study investigated the cleavage activity of hammerhead ribozyme targeting PDGFR-β mRNA in HSC and the effect on biological characteristics of HSC.Methods Expression vector of anti-PDGFR-β ribozyme was constructed and transfected into rat activated HSC with lipofectamin. The positive cell clones were gained by G418 selection. The expression of PDGFR-β, α-smooth muscle actin, and typeⅠand type Ⅲ collagen were detected by using Northern blot, Western blot and immunocytochemical staining, respectively. The cell proliferation was determined with MTT colorimetric assay. The cell apoptosis was analyzed by using flow cytometry, acridine orange fluorescence vital staining and transmission electron microscopy.Results The expression of PDGFR-β at mRNA and protein level was markedly reduced in ribozyme-transfected HSC by 49%-57% ( P <0.05-0.01). The proliferation and α-smooth muscle actin expression of ribozyme-transfected HSC were significantly decreased ( P <0.05-0.01), and the type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen synthesis were also reduced ( P <0.01). In addition, the proliferative response of ribozyme-transfected HSC to PDGF BB was significantly inhibited. Otherwise, the apoptotic cells were significantly increased in ribozyme-transfected HSC ( P <0.01), and typical apoptotic cells could be found under transmission electron microscopy.Conclusions The anti-PDGFR-β ribozyme effectively cleaved the target RNA and significantly inhibited its expression, which blocked the signal transduction of PDGF at receptor level, inhibited HSC proliferation and collagen synthesis, and induced HSC apoptosis. These results suggest that inhibiting PDGFR-β expression of HSC may be a new target for the therapy of liver fibrogenesis, and ribozyme may be a useful tool for inhibiting PDGFR-β expression.

Association Study of a Proliferation-inducing Ligand, Spermatogenesis Associated 8, Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor-alpha, and POLB Polymorphisms with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Chinese Han Population

Background： Systemic lupus eiLythenaatosus （SLE） is a prototypic autoimmune disease wida complex genetic inheritance. This study was conducted to examine whether the association ofa proliferation-inducing ligand （APRIL）, spermatogenesis associated 8 （SPATA8）, platelet-derived growth lhctor receptor-alpha （PDGFRA）, and DNA polymerase beta （POLB） with SLE can be replicated in a Chinese Han population. Methods： Chinese SLE patients （n = 1247） and ethnically and geographically matched healthy controls （n 1440） were genotyped for the APRI L, SPATAS. PDGFRA, and POLB single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SN Ps）, rs3803800 rs8023715, rs1364089 and rsl2678588 using the Sequenom MassARRAY System. Results： The Chinese Hart SLE patients and controls had statistically similar liequencies of alleles and genotypes of four gene polynlorphisms. Moreover, no association signal was detected on different genetic models （additive, dominant, and recessive, all, P〉 0.05） or in SLE subgroups stratified by various clinical nlanifestations （all, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions： Different genetic backgrounds from different ancestries and various populations may result in different genetic risk litctors for SLE. We did not detect any significant association with SNPs of APRIL SPATAS, PDGFRA, and POLB.